EP1831636A1 - Pyroelectronic detonator provided with a circuit for shunting an electrothermal bridge - Google Patents

Pyroelectronic detonator provided with a circuit for shunting an electrothermal bridge

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Publication number
EP1831636A1
EP1831636A1 EP05848358A EP05848358A EP1831636A1 EP 1831636 A1 EP1831636 A1 EP 1831636A1 EP 05848358 A EP05848358 A EP 05848358A EP 05848358 A EP05848358 A EP 05848358A EP 1831636 A1 EP1831636 A1 EP 1831636A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shunt
primer
state
bridge
ignition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05848358A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1831636B1 (en
Inventor
Raphaël TROUSSELLE
Franck Guyon
Arthur Poudre
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Davey Bickford SAS
Original Assignee
Davey Bickford SAS
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Application filed by Davey Bickford SAS filed Critical Davey Bickford SAS
Priority to PL05848358T priority Critical patent/PL1831636T3/en
Publication of EP1831636A1 publication Critical patent/EP1831636A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1831636B1 publication Critical patent/EP1831636B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/18—Safety initiators resistant to premature firing by static electricity or stray currents
    • F42B3/182—Safety initiators resistant to premature firing by static electricity or stray currents having shunting means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pyroelectronic primer with an electrothermal bridging circuit. It has applications in the field of pyrotechnics for at least the control of ignition of primers.
  • the electric ignition of the primers is a known ancient technique. It consists in sending in an electrothermal bridge in contact with a primary composition, by a power line, a current sufficient to cause ignition of the primary composition. It has evolved recently thanks to the implementation of electronic primers that can receive orders via the power line, for example, specific boot and / or programming selection commands (delay, ignition, etc.), and / or which can transmit data through the same power line, for example primer identification data.
  • the present invention proposes, for its part, the use of an active solution which is implemented in relation to the electrothermal bridge and which consists of putting in parallel with the bridge an electric shunt, preferably bidirectional, controllable, monostable or bistable.
  • an electric shunt preferably bidirectional, controllable, monostable or bistable.
  • the commands make it possible to put the shunt in a stable closed state (preventing the operation of the bridge and therefore the ignition, the shunt then has a low electrical resistance especially with respect to the resistance of the bridge) or in a stable open state (the shunt then has a high electrical resistance especially with respect to that of the bridge and therefore derives a negligible current).
  • the commands make it possible to put the shunt in a state in which it can switch from the open state to the closed state, said state being said state of flip-flop, the tilting being a function of a tipping threshold electrical bridge signal, the switching to the closed state being obtained when the electrical signal applied to the bridge exceeds the threshold, or in a forced open state.
  • the monostable shunt which has passed in the closed state returns to the open state when the electric signal returns below a threshold
  • the monostable shunt remains in the closed state after the tipping, it is understood that then it is necessary to implement a specific command to make it switch back to the open flip-flop state (from where it can switch to the closed state if the threshold is once again crossed upwards) where to send an open state override command.
  • the shunt which is in parallel with the bridge substantially bypasses the bridge which can not then operate and cause the ignition (can not warm enough enough for lack of sufficient current circulating within it).
  • the monostable shunt is dimensioned so that its tipping threshold is lower than the Ramorce x Io primer pair, Ramorce being the resistance of the primer and Io initiates the maximum intensity of non-ignition of the primer, the shunt being conductive over of this threshold and non-driver below this threshold, which makes any inadvertent boot impossible.
  • the monostable shunt behaves as a controllable clipper whose closed state causes the bridge to see only one voltage, depending on the type of shunt, between zero volts (perfect short circuit) and maximum Ramorce x Io primer volts ( true limiter).
  • the shunt in the closed state is configured so that the bridge sees only one voltage, depending on the type of shunt, between zero volts (perfect short circuit) and maximum Ramorce x Io primer volts (true limiter).
  • the invention thus relates to a pyroelectronic primer comprising an electronic circuit for at least ignition control of the primer by sending a current in an electrothermal bridge.
  • the primer further comprises at least one electrical shunt means disposed in parallel with the bridge, the shunt means being controllable by commands enabling a selection of states, the states being a closed state with low electrical resistance. the shunt for preventing the ignition of the primer by bypassing through the shunt of the bridge current and an open state with high electrical resistance of the shunt (and thus allowing ignition that will be obtained when a current will be sent in the bridge following an ignition command coupled or not to a state command).
  • the shunt is bistable, the commands making it possible to put the shunt in a stable closed state, or in a stable open state,
  • the shunt is monostable, the commands enabling the shunt to be in a toggled state at least from the open state to the closed state, the tilting being a function of an electrical bridge signal tilting threshold, the tilting to the closed state being obtained when the electrical signal applied to the bridge exceeds the threshold, or in a forced open state,
  • said shunt switches back to the open state when the electrical signal reverts below a threshold
  • the monostable shunt which returns to the open state when the electrical signal goes back below the threshold, has a hysteresis, the threshold of switching from the open state to the closed state being greater than the switching threshold of the closed state to the open state,
  • the monostable shunt which returns to the open state when the electrical signal goes back below the threshold is delayed, the reverting to the open state taking place after a determined delay once the signal has gone back below the threshold,
  • the monostable shunt which returns to the open state when the electric signal goes back below the threshold is delayed, the reverting to the open state taking place after a determined delay once the signal is ironed and remains below the threshold, (the signal must remain below the threshold for a certain amount of time to be reinstated),
  • the threshold is a voltage threshold chosen to be lower than the product Ramorce x Io primer, Ramorce being the resistance of the primer and Io initiates the maximum intensity of non-ignition of the primer, - the resistance in the closed state the shunt is less than the resistance of the bridge divided by 10,
  • the bridge electrical signal is the voltage across the bridge
  • the bridge electrical signal is the voltage across a capacitor intended to be discharged through the bridge during ignition
  • the shunt is bidirectional, (in addition to a current of constant polarity -current current of any shape- the bidirectional shunt passes a possible alternating current) (the electrical conduction characteristics in the closed state may be different depending on the -polarity-direction of the shunted current as for example in the case of a shunt constituted by an NPN transistor and a diode in parallel, cathode on the collector and anode on the emitter: in a conduction threshold direction of the diode, in the other saturation voltage of the transistor turned on)
  • the shunt is a component chosen from at least one (ie one or more or a combination of these components, for example a transistor and a thyristor or triac) or several of the following components: an electromagnetic relay,
  • MEMS electric micromechanical switch
  • the shunt is in a state which corresponds to an impossibility of ignition, (concerns both a primer not connected to a line of ignition, unpowered, a primer connected to a line d ignition traversed by a communication and / or supply current for a code-controlled primer, apart from a disinhibition or activation code, these terms being equivalent)
  • the initiator further comprises means for measuring the current flowing in the shunt and the changeover or switchover to the open state is only possible if the current measurement is less than a predetermined current threshold,
  • the states of the shunt are under the control of commands (codes) sent on an ignition line connected to the electronic circuit of the primer,
  • control voltage of the opening of the shunt is greater than the minimum operating voltage of the logic of the electronic module
  • the primer comprises means making it possible for the transition to a state corresponding to an ignition possibility to be dependent on a disinhibition command sent to the primer,
  • the primer comprises means for the passage in a state that corresponds to an ignition failure is dependent on an inhibition command sent into the primer. Thanks to the implementation of a shunt, in addition to increased safety, it is possible to perform tests on the primer to cause an electric shock (simulation of a parasitic current or ignition control but with inhibition of stable shunt ignition or in a flip-flop state) in the final circuit of the bridge but without causing the actual ignition of the primer because the discharge is essentially derived through the shunt. We can therefore perform more extensive tests than previously possible.
  • FIG. 1 which represents a block diagram of a primer according to the invention.
  • the primer 1 comprises an electronic module 2 connected at 3 to an ignition line and in which, depending on the degree of complexity of the module 2, an ignition current or commands (various codes or instructions of which ignition) are received by the module and, optionally, data that can be sent from the module to the outside.
  • the module comprises an electronic control circuit.
  • a thermoelectric bridge 4 is connected to two power supply lines via an ignition control element, trtir, which is a transistor 5, preferably MOS as in FIG. 1.
  • a storage capacitor Ctir is disposed between the two power supply lines and is intended to store energy, especially for ignition.
  • a shunt 7 is arranged in parallel with the bridge 4. The open or closed states of the shunt can be controlled by the electronic circuit via line 8.
  • the electronic circuit via a line 6, can control the ignition of the primer by making passing transistor 5 (and provided that shunt 7 is in a stable or forced open state).
  • shunt 7 is in a stable or forced open state.
  • the commands make it possible to move the shunt from a stable open state to a stable closed state and vice versa.
  • the commands make it possible to pass the shunt of a state of rocking in which the shunt can pass from at least one open state to a closed state according to the value of a bridge electrical signal measured across the bridge or across the capacitance Ctir, with respect to a threshold, or to move it to a forced open state and vice versa.
  • the shunt can switch back to the open state automatically or not depending on the electrical signal according to the variant implemented.
  • the shunt being a simple switch or switch.
  • an electronic shunt is implemented which is or comprises a bipolar transistor or field effect, including MOS for the latter.
  • the shunt comprises means for signal measurement and own tilt control.
  • thermoelectric bridge 7 which is in parallel with the thermoelectric bridge 4 and the switching from closed state (thus inhibited primer) to the open state (uninhibited primer, then allowing a possible ignition) if the current measurement is less than a threshold.
  • the switching circuit may be in series with the bridge and the shunt which are in parallel. In both cases, the switching circuit is preferably separate from the ignition control element.
  • this variant has the disadvantage of adding a switching circuit that may have some internal resistance even closed, this series of the bridge, which can reduce the energy supplied to the bridge.
  • the primer is initially (in the absence command to the contrary) in a state of ignition inhibition, ie the shunt is in a stable closed state (case of the bistable shunt) or a flip-flop state (case of the monostable shunt) thus preventing any inadvertent ignition.

Abstract

The primer has an electric shunt (7) which is disposed in parallel with an electrothermal bridge (4). The electric shunt is controlled by an electronic circuit via a line (6), to permit a selection between closed and open states. The electric shunt has a low electric resistance so as to stop ignition of the primer, in the closed state. The shunting unit has a high resistance in the open state.

Description

Amorce pyro-électronique à circuit de shuntage de pont électrothermique Pyro-electronic primer with electrothermal bridging circuit
La présente invention concerne une amorce pyroélectronique à circuit de shuntage de pont électrothermique. Elle a des applications dans le domaine de la pyrotechnie pour au moins la commande de l'allumage d'amorces. L'allumage électrique des amorces est une technique connue ancienne. Elle consiste à envoyer dans un pont électrothermique au contact d'une composition primaire, par une ligne électrique, un courant suffisant pour provoquer l'allumage de la composition primaire. Elle a évoluée récemment grâce à la mise en œuvre d'amorces électroniques qui peuvent recevoir des ordres par la ligne électrique, par exemple ordres de sélection spécifique d'amorce et/ou de programmation (retard, allumage...), et/ou qui peuvent émettre des données par la même ligne électrique, par exemple données d'identification d'amorce.The present invention relates to a pyroelectronic primer with an electrothermal bridging circuit. It has applications in the field of pyrotechnics for at least the control of ignition of primers. The electric ignition of the primers is a known ancient technique. It consists in sending in an electrothermal bridge in contact with a primary composition, by a power line, a current sufficient to cause ignition of the primary composition. It has evolved recently thanks to the implementation of electronic primers that can receive orders via the power line, for example, specific boot and / or programming selection commands (delay, ignition, etc.), and / or which can transmit data through the same power line, for example primer identification data.
La sécurité est un élément fondamental de ce domaine de la pyrotechnie et on a développé des solutions pour diminuer les risques d'allumage intempestif de l'amorce, par exemple à cause de courants vagabonds ou de décharges électrostatiques. En effet, si dans le cas d'amorces purement électriques comportant seulement un pont électrothermique directement relié à une ligne d'allumage, on peut mettre en œuvre des ponts nécessitant de plus grandes énergies pour provoquer l'allumage de l'amorce afin de diminuer la sensibilité de l'ensemble, le cas des amorces comportant des circuits électroniques est plus complexe du fait de leur sensibilité intrinsèque aux courants faibles et/ou aux décharges électrostatiques. On a donc proposé de mettre en œuvre en relation avec les circuits électroniques, des dispositifs passifs de protection à type d'écrêteurs ou limiteurs (éclateurs, réseau de diodes d'entrée, filtre RC passe bas d'entrée...). Outre que ces solutions sont passives, elles sont mises en œuvre du coté interface ligne d'allumage (plus généralement permettant la commande codée et/ou des échange de données et/ou l'alimentation pour les amorces électroniques).Safety is a fundamental element of this field of pyrotechnics and solutions have been developed to reduce the risk of inadvertent ignition of the primer, for example due to stray currents or electrostatic discharges. Indeed, if in the case of pure electric primers having only an electrothermal bridge directly connected to an ignition line, it is possible to implement bridges requiring higher energies to cause ignition of the primer to reduce the sensitivity of the assembly, the case of primers comprising electronic circuits is more complex because of their intrinsic sensitivity to low currents and / or electrostatic discharges. It has therefore been proposed to implement, in relation to the electronic circuits, passive protection devices of the type of clippers or limiters (spark gaps, input diode array, RC low pass filter, etc.). Besides these solutions are passive, they are implemented on the side of the ignition line interface (more generally allowing coded control and / or data exchange and / or power supply for electronic primers).
La présente invention propose quant à elle, l'utilisation d'une solution active qui est mise en œuvre en relation avec le pont électrothermique et qui consiste à mettre en parallèle du pont un shunt électrique, de préférence bidirectionnel, commandable, monostable ou bistable. Pour le shunt bistable, les commandes permettent de mettre le shunt soit dans un état fermé stable (empêchant le fonctionnement du pont et donc l'allumage, le shunt présente alors une faible résistance électrique notamment par rapport à la résistance du pont) soit dans un état ouvert stable (le shunt présente alors une forte résistance électrique notamment par rapport à celle du pont et dérive donc un courant négligeable). Pour le shunt monostable, les commandes permettent de mettre le shunt soit dans un état dans lequel il peut basculer de l'état ouvert vers l'état fermé, ledit état étant dit état de bascule, le basculement étant fonction d'un seuil de basculement de signal électrique de pont, le basculement vers l'état fermé étant obtenu lorsque le signal électrique appliqué au pont dépasse le seuil, soit dans un état ouvert forcé. Si de préférence, le shunt monostable qui est passé dans l'état fermé repasse vers l'état ouvert lorsque le signal électrique repasse en dessous d'un seuil, on envisage également le cas où le shunt monostable reste dans l'état fermé après le basculement, on comprend qu'alors il faut mettre en œuvre une commande spécifique pour le faire rebasculer vers l'état de bascule ouvert (d'où il pourra basculer vers l'état fermé si le seuil est encore une fois franchi vers le haut) où envoyer une commande de forçage d'état ouvert.The present invention proposes, for its part, the use of an active solution which is implemented in relation to the electrothermal bridge and which consists of putting in parallel with the bridge an electric shunt, preferably bidirectional, controllable, monostable or bistable. For the bistable shunt, the commands make it possible to put the shunt in a stable closed state (preventing the operation of the bridge and therefore the ignition, the shunt then has a low electrical resistance especially with respect to the resistance of the bridge) or in a stable open state (the shunt then has a high electrical resistance especially with respect to that of the bridge and therefore derives a negligible current). For the monostable shunt, the commands make it possible to put the shunt in a state in which it can switch from the open state to the closed state, said state being said state of flip-flop, the tilting being a function of a tipping threshold electrical bridge signal, the switching to the closed state being obtained when the electrical signal applied to the bridge exceeds the threshold, or in a forced open state. If, preferably, the monostable shunt which has passed in the closed state returns to the open state when the electric signal returns below a threshold, it is also envisaged the case where the monostable shunt remains in the closed state after the tipping, it is understood that then it is necessary to implement a specific command to make it switch back to the open flip-flop state (from where it can switch to the closed state if the threshold is once again crossed upwards) where to send an open state override command.
On comprend que dans l'état fermé, le shunt qui est en parallèle du pont court-circuite sensiblement le pont qui ne peut plus alors fonctionner et provoquer l'allumage (ne peut plus s'échauffer suffisamment faute d'un courant suffisant circulant en son sein). Le shunt monostable est dimensionné pour que son seuil de basculement soit inférieur au couple Ramorce x Io amorce, Ramorce étant la résistance de l'amorce et Io amorce l'intensité maximale de non allumage de l'amorce, le shunt étant conducteur au-dessus de ce seuil et non-conducteur en dessous de ce seuil, ce qui rend tout amorçage intempestif impossible. Le shunt monostable se comporte comme un écrêteur commandable dont l'état fermé fait que le pont ne verra qu'une tension comprise, selon le type de shunt, entre zéro volt (court-circuit parfait) et au maximum Ramorce x Io amorce volts (limiteur vrai). De préférence pour le shunt bistable, le shunt dans l'état fermé est configuré pour que le pont ne voit qu'une tension comprise, selon le type de shunt, entre zéro volt (court-circuit parfait) et au maximum Ramorce x Io amorce volts (limiteur vrai).It is understood that in the closed state, the shunt which is in parallel with the bridge substantially bypasses the bridge which can not then operate and cause the ignition (can not warm enough enough for lack of sufficient current circulating within it). The monostable shunt is dimensioned so that its tipping threshold is lower than the Ramorce x Io primer pair, Ramorce being the resistance of the primer and Io initiates the maximum intensity of non-ignition of the primer, the shunt being conductive over of this threshold and non-driver below this threshold, which makes any inadvertent boot impossible. The monostable shunt behaves as a controllable clipper whose closed state causes the bridge to see only one voltage, depending on the type of shunt, between zero volts (perfect short circuit) and maximum Ramorce x Io primer volts ( true limiter). Preferably for the bistable shunt, the shunt in the closed state is configured so that the bridge sees only one voltage, depending on the type of shunt, between zero volts (perfect short circuit) and maximum Ramorce x Io primer volts (true limiter).
L'invention concerne donc une amorce pyroélectronique comportant un circuit électronique pour au moins commande d'allumage de l'amorce par envoi d'un courant dans un pont électrothermique.The invention thus relates to a pyroelectronic primer comprising an electronic circuit for at least ignition control of the primer by sending a current in an electrothermal bridge.
Selon l'invention, l'amorce comporte en outre au moins un moyen de shuntage électrique disposé en parallèle du pont, le moyen de shuntage étant commandable par des commandes permettant une sélection d'états, les états étant un état fermé à faible résistance électrique du shunt destiné à empêcher l'allumage de l'amorce par dérivation à travers du shunt du courant du pont et un état ouvert à forte résistance électrique du shunt (et autorisant donc un allumage qui sera obtenu lorsqu'un courant sera envoyé dans le pont suite à une commande d'allumage couplée ou non à une commande d'état).According to the invention, the primer further comprises at least one electrical shunt means disposed in parallel with the bridge, the shunt means being controllable by commands enabling a selection of states, the states being a closed state with low electrical resistance. the shunt for preventing the ignition of the primer by bypassing through the shunt of the bridge current and an open state with high electrical resistance of the shunt (and thus allowing ignition that will be obtained when a current will be sent in the bridge following an ignition command coupled or not to a state command).
Dans divers modes de mise en œuvre de l'invention, les moyens suivants pouvant être utilisés seuls ou selon toutes les combinaisons techniquement envisageables, sont employés : - le shunt est bistable, les commandes permettant de mettre le shunt soit dans un état fermé stable, soit dans un état ouvert stable,In various embodiments of the invention, the following means can be used alone or in any technically feasible combination, are employed: the shunt is bistable, the commands making it possible to put the shunt in a stable closed state, or in a stable open state,
- le shunt est monostable, les commandes permettant de mettre le shunt soit dans un état de bascule au moins de l'état ouvert vers l'état fermé, le basculement étant fonction d'un seuil de basculement de signal électrique de pont, le basculement vers l'état fermé étant obtenu lorsque le signal électrique appliqué au pont dépasse le seuil, soit dans un état ouvert forcé,the shunt is monostable, the commands enabling the shunt to be in a toggled state at least from the open state to the closed state, the tilting being a function of an electrical bridge signal tilting threshold, the tilting to the closed state being obtained when the electrical signal applied to the bridge exceeds the threshold, or in a forced open state,
- après basculement vers l'état fermé du shunt monostable, ledit shunt rebascule vers l'état ouvert lorsque le signal électrique repasse en dessous d'un seuil,after switching to the closed state of the monostable shunt, said shunt switches back to the open state when the electrical signal reverts below a threshold,
- le shunt monostable qui repasse vers l'état ouvert lorsque le signal électrique repasse en dessous du seuil, présente un hystérésis, le seuil de basculement de l'état ouvert vers l'état fermé étant supérieur au seuil de basculement de l'état fermé vers l'état ouvert,- The monostable shunt which returns to the open state when the electrical signal goes back below the threshold, has a hysteresis, the threshold of switching from the open state to the closed state being greater than the switching threshold of the closed state to the open state,
- le shunt monostable qui repasse vers l'état ouvert lorsque le signal électrique repasse en dessous du seuil est temporisé, le rebasculement vers l'état ouvert s'effectuant après un délai déterminé une fois que le signal est repassé sous le seuil,the monostable shunt which returns to the open state when the electrical signal goes back below the threshold is delayed, the reverting to the open state taking place after a determined delay once the signal has gone back below the threshold,
- le shunt monostable qui repasse vers l'état ouvert lorsque le signal électrique repasse en dessous du seuil est temporisé, le rebasculement vers l'état ouvert s'effectuant après un délai déterminé une fois que le signal est repassé et reste sous le seuil, (le signal doit rester sous le seuil un certain temps pour qu'il y ait rebasculement),the monostable shunt which returns to the open state when the electric signal goes back below the threshold is delayed, the reverting to the open state taking place after a determined delay once the signal is ironed and remains below the threshold, (the signal must remain below the threshold for a certain amount of time to be reinstated),
- après basculement vers l'état fermé du shunt monostable, ledit shunt reste dans l'état fermé quel que soit le niveau du signal électrique, une commande spécifique permettant de le faire rebasculer dans l'état ouvert (état de bascule ou état ouvert forcé),- After switching to the closed state of the monostable shunt, said shunt remains in the closed state regardless of the level of the electrical signal, a specific command to make it back in the open state (toggle state or forced open state )
- le même shunt peut être monostable ou bistable selon le type de commande reçue, - le seuil est un seuil de tension choisi comme étant inférieur au produit Ramorce x Io amorce, Ramorce étant la résistance de l'amorce et Io amorce l'intensité maximale de non allumage de l'amorce, - la résistance à l'état fermé du shunt est inférieure à la résistance du pont divisée par 10,the same shunt can be monostable or bistable depending on the type of command received, the threshold is a voltage threshold chosen to be lower than the product Ramorce x Io primer, Ramorce being the resistance of the primer and Io initiates the maximum intensity of non-ignition of the primer, - the resistance in the closed state the shunt is less than the resistance of the bridge divided by 10,
- le signal électrique de pont est la tension aux bornes du pont,- the bridge electrical signal is the voltage across the bridge,
- le signal électrique de pont est la tension aux bornes d'un condensateur destiné à être déchargé à travers le pont lors de l'allumage,- the bridge electrical signal is the voltage across a capacitor intended to be discharged through the bridge during ignition,
- le shunt est bidirectionnel, (en outre d'un courant de polarité constante -courant continu de forme quelconque- le shunt bidirectionnel laisse passer un éventuel courant alternatif) (les caractéristiques électriques de conduction dans l'état fermé peuvent être différentes en fonction du sens -polarité- du courant shunté comme par exemple dans le cas d'un shunt constitué d'un transistor NPN et d'une diode en parallèle, cathode sur le collecteur et anode sur l'émetteur : dans un sens seuil de conduction de la diode, dans l'autre tension de saturation du transistor rendu passant)- the shunt is bidirectional, (in addition to a current of constant polarity -current current of any shape- the bidirectional shunt passes a possible alternating current) (the electrical conduction characteristics in the closed state may be different depending on the -polarity-direction of the shunted current as for example in the case of a shunt constituted by an NPN transistor and a diode in parallel, cathode on the collector and anode on the emitter: in a conduction threshold direction of the diode, in the other saturation voltage of the transistor turned on)
- l'amorce comporte un circuit électronique configurable ASIC, le shunt étant dans ou en dehors dudit circuit, (ASIC = "application spécifie integrated circuit": circuit intégré dédié à une application),the primer comprises an ASIC configurable electronic circuit, the shunt being in or out of said circuit, (ASIC = "application specifies integrated circuit": integrated circuit dedicated to an application),
- le shunt est un composant choisi parmi au moins un (c'est à dire un ou plusieurs ou une association de ces composants, par exemple un transistor et un thyristor ou triac) ou plusieurs des composants suivants: - un relais électromagnétique,the shunt is a component chosen from at least one (ie one or more or a combination of these components, for example a transistor and a thyristor or triac) or several of the following components: an electromagnetic relay,
- un relais statique,- a static relay,
- un transistor bipolaire,a bipolar transistor,
- un transistor à effet de champ,a field effect transistor,
- un thyristor, - un triac, - un commutateur micromécanique électrique (MEMS),- a thyristor, - a triac, an electric micromechanical switch (MEMS),
- une diode,a diode,
- une diode zener,- a zener diode,
- un néon, - au repos, le shunt est dans un état qui correspond à une impossibilité d'allumage, (concerne aussi bien une amorce non reliée à une ligne d'allumage, non alimentée, qu'une amorce reliée à une ligne d'allumage parcourue par un courant de communication et/ou d'alimentation pour une amorce à commande par code, en dehors d'un code de désinhibition ou d'activation ces termes étant équivalents)- a neon, - at rest, the shunt is in a state which corresponds to an impossibility of ignition, (concerns both a primer not connected to a line of ignition, unpowered, a primer connected to a line d ignition traversed by a communication and / or supply current for a code-controlled primer, apart from a disinhibition or activation code, these terms being equivalent)
- l'amorce comporte en outre des moyens de mesure du courant passant dans le shunt et le changement ou basculement vers l'état ouvert n'est possible que si la mesure de courant est inférieure à un seuil prédéterminé de courant,the initiator further comprises means for measuring the current flowing in the shunt and the changeover or switchover to the open state is only possible if the current measurement is less than a predetermined current threshold,
- les états du shunt sont sous la dépendance de commandes (codes) envoyées sur une ligne d'allumage reliée au circuit électronique de l'amorce,the states of the shunt are under the control of commands (codes) sent on an ignition line connected to the electronic circuit of the primer,
- la tension de commande de l'ouverture du shunt est supérieure à la tension minimum de fonctionnement de la logique du module électronique,the control voltage of the opening of the shunt is greater than the minimum operating voltage of the logic of the electronic module,
- l'amorce comporte des moyens permettant que le passage dans un état qui correspond à une possibilité d'allumage soit sous la dépendance d'une commande de désinhibition envoyée dans l'amorce,the primer comprises means making it possible for the transition to a state corresponding to an ignition possibility to be dependent on a disinhibition command sent to the primer,
- l'amorce comporte des moyens permettant que le passage dans un état qui correspond à une impossibilité d'allumage soit sous la dépendance d'une commande d'inhibition envoyée dans l'amorce. Grâce à la mise en œuvre d'un shunt, outre la sécurité accrue, il est possible de faire des tests sur l'amorce jusqu'à provoquer une décharge électrique (simulation d'un courant parasite ou commande d'allumage mais avec inhibition d'allumage par shunt fermé stable ou dans un état de bascule) dans le circuit final du pont mais sans provoquer l'allumage réel de l'amorce du fait que la décharge est essentiellement dérivée à travers le shunt. On peut donc effectuer des tests plus poussés que ce qui était possible précédemment. La présente invention va maintenant être exemplifiée sans pour autant en être limitée avec la description qui suit en relation avec la figure suivante: la Figure 1 qui représente un schéma fonctionnel d'une amorce selon l'invention. Sur la Figure 1 , l'amorce 1 comporte un module électronique 2 relié en 3 à une ligne d'allumage et par laquelle, selon le degré de complexité du module 2, un courant d'allumage ou des ordres (codes ou instructions diverses dont d'allumage) sont reçus par le module et, éventuellement, des données qui peuvent être envoyées du module vers l'extérieur. Le module comporte un circuit électronique de commande. Un pont thermoélectrique 4 est relié à deux lignes d'alimentation électrique par l'intermédiaire d'un élément de commande d'allumage, trtir, qui est un transistor 5, de préférence MOS comme sur la Figure 1 . Un condensateur de stockage Ctir est disposé entre les deux lignes d'alimentation et est destiné à stocker de l'énergie notamment destinée à l'allumage. Un shunt 7 est disposé en parallèle du pont 4. Les états ouvert ou fermé du shunt peuvent être commandés par le circuit électronique par la ligne 8. Le circuit électronique, par une ligne 6, peut commander l'allumage de l'amorce en rendant passant le transistor 5 (et à la condition que le shunt 7 soit dans un état ouvert stable ou forcé). Dans le cas d'un shunt bistable, les commandes permettent de faire passer le shunt d'un état ouvert stable à un état fermé stable et inversement.- The primer comprises means for the passage in a state that corresponds to an ignition failure is dependent on an inhibition command sent into the primer. Thanks to the implementation of a shunt, in addition to increased safety, it is possible to perform tests on the primer to cause an electric shock (simulation of a parasitic current or ignition control but with inhibition of stable shunt ignition or in a flip-flop state) in the final circuit of the bridge but without causing the actual ignition of the primer because the discharge is essentially derived through the shunt. We can therefore perform more extensive tests than previously possible. The present invention will now be exemplified without being limited thereto with the description which follows in relation to the following figure: FIG. 1 which represents a block diagram of a primer according to the invention. In FIG. 1, the primer 1 comprises an electronic module 2 connected at 3 to an ignition line and in which, depending on the degree of complexity of the module 2, an ignition current or commands (various codes or instructions of which ignition) are received by the module and, optionally, data that can be sent from the module to the outside. The module comprises an electronic control circuit. A thermoelectric bridge 4 is connected to two power supply lines via an ignition control element, trtir, which is a transistor 5, preferably MOS as in FIG. 1. A storage capacitor Ctir is disposed between the two power supply lines and is intended to store energy, especially for ignition. A shunt 7 is arranged in parallel with the bridge 4. The open or closed states of the shunt can be controlled by the electronic circuit via line 8. The electronic circuit, via a line 6, can control the ignition of the primer by making passing transistor 5 (and provided that shunt 7 is in a stable or forced open state). In the case of a bistable shunt, the commands make it possible to move the shunt from a stable open state to a stable closed state and vice versa.
Dans le cas d'un shunt monostable, les commandes permettent de faire passer le shunt d'un état de bascule dans lequel le shunt peut passer au moins d'un état ouvert à un état fermé selon la valeur d'un signal électrique de pont mesuré aux bornes du pont ou aux bornes de la capacité Ctir, par rapport à un seuil, ou de le faire passer vers un état ouvert forcé et inversement. Dans l'état de bascule le shunt peut rebasculer à l'état ouvert automatiquement ou non en fonction du signal électrique selon la variante mise en œuvre.In the case of a monostable shunt, the commands make it possible to pass the shunt of a state of rocking in which the shunt can pass from at least one open state to a closed state according to the value of a bridge electrical signal measured across the bridge or across the capacitance Ctir, with respect to a threshold, or to move it to a forced open state and vice versa. In the flip-flop state the shunt can switch back to the open state automatically or not depending on the electrical signal according to the variant implemented.
De préférence, c'est le circuit électronique qui contrôle le basculement en fonction du signal électrique de pont, le shunt se présentant comme un simple commutateur ou interrupteur. De préférence, on met en œuvre un shunt électronique qui est ou comporte un transistor bipolaire ou à effet de champ, notamment MOS pour ce dernier. Dans une variante où le circuit électronique n'effectue pas ces contrôles, le shunt comporte des moyens de mesure du signal et de contrôle de basculement propres.Preferably, it is the electronic circuit which controls the switching according to the electrical bridge signal, the shunt being a simple switch or switch. Preferably, an electronic shunt is implemented which is or comprises a bipolar transistor or field effect, including MOS for the latter. In a variant where the electronic circuit does not perform these checks, the shunt comprises means for signal measurement and own tilt control.
Il est également possible de mettre en œuvre des moyens de sécurité complémentaires avec une mesure de courant traversant le shunt 7 qui est en parallèle du pont thermoélectrique 4 et on n'autorisera le basculement d'état de fermé (donc amorce inhibée) vers l'état ouvert (amorce désinhibée, autorisant alors un éventuel allumage) que si la mesure de courant est inférieure à un seuil.It is also possible to implement additional security means with a current measurement passing through the shunt 7 which is in parallel with the thermoelectric bridge 4 and the switching from closed state (thus inhibited primer) to the open state (uninhibited primer, then allowing a possible ignition) if the current measurement is less than a threshold.
Dans une variante de l'invention, il est également possible de mettre en œuvre en outre du shunt qui est en parallèle du pont, un circuit de commutation supplémentaire (ouvert = non-conducteur/fermé = conducteur) commandable en série avec le pont, le shunt étant en parallèle du circuit de commutation et du pont, ces deux derniers étant en série, le circuit de commutation ayant des commandes inversées par rapport au shunt (pour allumage il faut que le circuit de commutation soit fermé et le shunt ouvert). En alternative de cette variante, le circuit de commutation peut être en série du pont et du shunt qui sont en parallèle. Dans ces deux cas, le circuit de commutation est de préférence distinct de l'élément de commande 5 d'allumage. On doit noter que cette variante présente l'inconvénient de rajouter un circuit de commutation qui peut présenter une certaine résistance interne même fermé, ceci en série du pont, ce qui peut réduire l'énergie fournie au pont. Enfin et de préférence, lorsque l'amorce est au repos, non utilisée, non connectée à une ligne d'allumage, non alimentée, voire même connectée et alimentée par une ligne d'allumage, l'amorce est initialement (en l'absence de commande contraire) dans un état d'inhibition de l'allumage, c'est-à-dire que le shunt est dans un état fermé stable (cas du shunt bistable) ou un état de bascule (cas du shunt monostable) empêchant ainsi tout allumage intempestif. In a variant of the invention, it is also possible to further implement the shunt which is in parallel with the bridge, an additional switching circuit (open = non-conducting / closed = conducting) controllable in series with the bridge, the shunt being in parallel with the switching circuit and the bridge, the latter two being in series, the switching circuit having inverted commands with respect to the shunt (for ignition it is necessary that the switching circuit is closed and the shunt open). As an alternative to this variant, the switching circuit may be in series with the bridge and the shunt which are in parallel. In both cases, the switching circuit is preferably separate from the ignition control element. It should be noted that this variant has the disadvantage of adding a switching circuit that may have some internal resistance even closed, this series of the bridge, which can reduce the energy supplied to the bridge. Finally, and preferably, when the primer is at rest, unused, not connected to an ignition line, unpowered, or even connected and powered by an ignition line, the primer is initially (in the absence command to the contrary) in a state of ignition inhibition, ie the shunt is in a stable closed state (case of the bistable shunt) or a flip-flop state (case of the monostable shunt) thus preventing any inadvertent ignition.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Amorce (1 ) pyro-électronique comportant un circuit électronique (2) pour au moins commander l'allumage de l'amorce par envoi d'un courant dans un pont électrothermique (4), caractérisée en ce que l'amorce (1 ) comporte en outre au moins un moyen de shuntage (7) électrique disposé en parallèle du pont (4), le moyen de shuntage étant commandable par des commandes permettant une sélection d'états, les états étant un état fermé à faible résistance électrique du shunt destiné à empêcher l'allumage de l'amorce par dérivation à travers du shunt du courant du pont et un état ouvert à forte résistance électrique du shunt. 1. Pyro-electronic primer (1) comprising an electronic circuit (2) for at least controlling ignition of the primer by sending a current in an electrothermal bridge (4), characterized in that the primer (1) comprises in addition at least one electrical shunt means (7) arranged in parallel with the bridge (4), the shunt means being controllable by commands allowing a selection of states, the states being a closed state with low electrical resistance of the shunt intended to prevent ignition of the primer by shunting across the shunt of the bridge current and an open state with high electrical resistance of the shunt.
2. Amorce selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que le shunt est bistable, les commandes permettant de mettre le shunt soit dans un état fermé stable, soit dans un état ouvert stable.2. Primer according to claim 1, characterized in that the shunt is bistable, the commands for putting the shunt is in a stable closed state, or in a stable open state.
3. Amorce selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le shunt est monostable, les commandes permettant de mettre le shunt soit dans un état de bascule au moins de l'état ouvert vers l'état fermé, le basculement étant fonction d'un seuil de basculement de signal électrique de pont, le basculement vers l'état fermé étant obtenu lorsque le signal électrique appliqué au pont dépasse le seuil, soit dans un état ouvert forcé.3. Primer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shunt is monostable, the commands for putting the shunt is in a state of rocking at least from the open state to the closed state, the tilt being a function of an electrical bridge signal switching threshold, the switching to the closed state being obtained when the electrical signal applied to the bridge exceeds the threshold, or in a forced open state.
4. Amorce selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que, après basculement vers l'état fermé du shunt monostable, ledit shunt rebascule vers l'état ouvert lorsque le signal électrique repasse en dessous d'un seuil.4. Primer according to claim 3, characterized in that, after switching to the closed state of the monostable shunt, said shunt back to the open state when the electrical signal goes back below a threshold.
5. Amorce selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le seuil est un seuil de tension choisi comme étant inférieur au produit Ramorce x Io amorce, Ramorce étant la résistance de l'amorce et Io amorce l'intensité maximale de non allumage de l'amorce. 5. Primer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the threshold is a voltage threshold chosen to be lower than the product Ramorce x Io primer, Ramorce being the resistance of the primer and Io initiates the maximum intensity of non ignition of the primer.
6. Amorce selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la résistance à l'état fermé du shunt est inférieure à la résistance du pont divisée par 10. 6. Primer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closed-state resistance of the shunt is less than the resistance of the bridge divided by 10.
7. Amorce selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le shunt est bidirectionnel.7. Primer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shunt is bidirectional.
8. Amorce selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le shunt est un composant choisi parmi au moins un ou plusieurs des composants suivants:8. Primer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shunt is a component selected from at least one or more of the following components:
- un relais électromagnétique,an electromagnetic relay,
- un relais statique,- a static relay,
- un transistor bipolaire, - un transistor à effet de champ,a bipolar transistor, a field effect transistor,
- un thyristor,a thyristor,
- un triac,- a triac,
- un commutateur micromécanique électrique (MEMS),an electric micromechanical switch (MEMS),
- une diode, - une diode zener,a diode, a zener diode,
- un néon.- a neon.
9. Amorce selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un circuit électronique configurable ASIC, le shunt étant dans ou en dehors dudit circuit.9. Primer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an ASIC configurable electronic circuit, the shunt being in or out of said circuit.
10. Amorce selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'au repos le shunt est dans un état qui correspond à une impossibilité d'allumage.10. Primer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at rest the shunt is in a state which corresponds to an impossibility of ignition.
1 1 . Amorce selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des moyens permettant que le passage dans un état qui correspond à une possibilité d'allumage soit sous la dépendance d'une commande de désinhibition envoyée dans l'amorce.1 1. Primer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means allowing the passage into a state which corresponds to an ignition possibility is under the control of a disinhibition command sent in the primer.
12. Amorce selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des moyens permettant que le passage dans un état qui correspond à une impossibilité d'allumage soit sous la dépendance d'une commande d'inhibition envoyée dans l'amorce.12. Primer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means allowing the passage into a state that corresponds to an ignition failure is dependent on an inhibition command sent in the primer.
13. Amorce selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la tension de commande de l'ouverture du shunt est supérieure à la tension minimum de fonctionnement de la logique du module électronique. 13. Primer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control voltage of the opening of the shunt is greater than the minimum operating voltage of the logic of the electronic module.
EP05848358A 2004-12-23 2005-12-23 Pyroelectronic detonator provided with a circuit for shunting an electrothermal bridge Active EP1831636B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL05848358T PL1831636T3 (en) 2004-12-23 2005-12-23 Pyroelectronic detonator provided with a circuit for shunting an electrothermal bridge

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0453204A FR2880110B1 (en) 2004-12-23 2004-12-23 PYRO-ELECTRONIC PRIMER HAVING AN ELECTROTHERMAL BRIDGE SHUNT CIRCUIT
PCT/FR2005/051145 WO2006070170A1 (en) 2004-12-23 2005-12-23 Pyroelectronic detonator provided with a circuit for shunting an electrothermal bridge

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EP1831636A1 true EP1831636A1 (en) 2007-09-12
EP1831636B1 EP1831636B1 (en) 2009-11-04

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EP (1) EP1831636B1 (en)
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ATE447697T1 (en) 2009-11-15
NO20073779L (en) 2007-09-21
US8327764B2 (en) 2012-12-11
WO2006070170A1 (en) 2006-07-06
EP1831636B1 (en) 2009-11-04
AU2005321067B2 (en) 2011-09-22
BRPI0519203A2 (en) 2008-12-30
BRPI0519203B1 (en) 2019-01-08
PL1831636T3 (en) 2010-08-31
FR2880110B1 (en) 2007-03-30
US20100000435A1 (en) 2010-01-07
CA2592460A1 (en) 2006-07-06
FR2880110A1 (en) 2006-06-30
CA2592460C (en) 2012-11-27
DE602005017516D1 (en) 2009-12-17
AU2005321067A1 (en) 2006-07-06
NO339395B1 (en) 2016-12-12
ES2338246T3 (en) 2010-05-05

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