EP1830145A2 - Method and device for drying or concentrating substances - Google Patents
Method and device for drying or concentrating substances Download PDFInfo
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- EP1830145A2 EP1830145A2 EP07102899A EP07102899A EP1830145A2 EP 1830145 A2 EP1830145 A2 EP 1830145A2 EP 07102899 A EP07102899 A EP 07102899A EP 07102899 A EP07102899 A EP 07102899A EP 1830145 A2 EP1830145 A2 EP 1830145A2
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- substance
- pressure vessel
- gas
- condenser
- drying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/08—Humidity
- F26B21/086—Humidity by condensing the moisture in the drying medium, which may be recycled, e.g. using a heat pump cycle
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for drying or concentrating substances, in which a substance to be treated is exposed in a pressure vessel to an atmosphere with reduced pressure relative to the ambient pressure, partially evaporated from the substance evaporating water in a condenser and the condensate is discharged.
- the invention further relates to a device for drying or concentrating substances.
- drying refers to the removal of liquid constituents from solid, in particular free-flowing, substances.
- concentration is meant here the corresponding removal of a liquid component, in particular water, from liquid mixtures or pasty substances.
- drying and / or concentration various methods are used. The methods described below are used in particular for the treatment of foods or pharmaceutical products.
- the substances are deprived of water by heat of more than 100 ° C, for example, to a water content of between 18% and 25%.
- the high temperatures make valuable ingredients, e.g. Vitamins and proteins, destroyed, also taste changes occur.
- liquid products are atomized into fine droplets at the top of a drying tower.
- the drops are dried during their free fall by a stream of hot air in the tower.
- the temperature of the hot air flow is between 150 - 250 ° C and acts on the products only for a period of half to one second.
- the temperature of the powder particle cools down by the evaporation of water and is only about 60 - 80 ° C. As a result, the destruction of the ingredients is at least partially avoided, but the process is very time consuming.
- freeze-drying frozen foods are dried under vacuum with the addition of heat. This sublimates the frozen, contained in food Water to steam and escapes. Depending on the food, the process takes up to 24 hours and is carried out at temperatures between -30 and +30 ° C. In freeze-drying, the product changes are extremely low. It is the gentlest, but also the most expensive and costly industrially applied method.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a possibility for drying or concentrating substances, which is less expensive and at the same time gentle for the product to be dried or concentrated.
- the substance to be treated in the container is exposed to a gas stream at reduced pressure, which is continuously recycled by means of a suitable device, such as a fan or a pump, from the substance to be treated to the condenser and back again.
- the negative pressure is chosen so that it is lower than the saturation vapor pressure of the liquid to be removed in each case at the temperature prevailing in the container when carrying out the method.
- the substance to be treated is thereby particularly gently and effectively dried or concentrated.
- the preferred gas in the gas stream is air or an inert gas, For example, nitrogen, for use.
- the treatment of the substance is carried out either "batchwise", wherein the substance to be treated is first fed to the pressure vessel and then evacuated, or continuously, with the interposition of suitable pressure locks the continuous or portionwise feeding and removal of the substance in or out of the evacuated Pressure vessel is reached.
- the inventive method is suitable both for drying solid, particularly free-flowing substances, as well as for the concentration of liquids.
- the gas stream is brought into thermal contact in the device for air drying with a cryogenic medium, wherein the water contained in the gas stream at least partially freezes.
- a cryogenic medium is in particular liquid or cryogenic nitrogen gas or liquid or cold gaseous carbon dioxide into consideration.
- the substance and / or the gas stream is expediently heated.
- the heating is used in particular to compensate for heat losses due to the evaporation of the water as well as due to the thermal contact of the gas stream with the heat exchanger surfaces.
- the device according to the invention comprises a pressure vessel for receiving the substance to be treated, an evacuation device operatively connected to the pressure vessel for producing a predetermined negative pressure in the pressure vessel and a condenser for condensing water evaporating from the substance, and is characterized in that the pressure vessel and the condenser together one integrated with a device for generating a directed gas flow in a recycle gas line.
- a gas stream is generated, which absorbs the evaporating from the substance to be treated moisture and then dried in the condenser and fed back to the substance to be treated.
- the device according to the invention enables the efficient concentration of liquids.
- the condenser is equipped with a heat exchanger surface which is thermally connectable to a cryogenic medium.
- a cryogenic medium for example cryogenic gas or liquid gas.
- liquefied or cold gaseous nitrogen or another liquid gas is suitable as the cryogenic medium.
- cryocondensers in which the condensed water freezes on the heat exchanger surfaces to ice due to the low temperature of the coolant used, it is advantageous to provide several capacitors, which are used alternately for gas drying and for regeneration.
- a condenser is used for gas drying, another condenser is decoupled from the gas stream and de-iced. This avoids that the cooling energy of the cryogenic medium is used only insufficiently due to the insulating effect of an ice formed on the heat exchanger surfaces of the cryocapacitor.
- enteisungs memorizesity
- a yet further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that at least one heating device is provided for heating the circulated gas and / or the substance to be dried.
- the pressure vessel At least for liquid or bulk or pourable solids, it is expedient to equip the pressure vessel with a stirring device to increase the surface exposed to the dry gas stream.
- “Concentration” generally means reducing the mole fraction of a mixture component and is not limited to the removal of water. Since the invention makes do without strong heating of the substances to be concentrated, heat-sensitive ingredients are spared and remain the substance even after the concentration process.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically a device according to the invention for concentrating liquids.
- the device 1 comprises a pressure vessel 2 connected to an inlet 3 for supplying a liquid to be concentrated and an outlet 4 for discharging the concentrated liquid.
- Inlet 3 and outlet 4 are each equipped with locking valves.
- a stirring device 5 is provided, which is driven by a motor 6.
- two gas lines 9, 14 enter the pressure vessel 2.
- the gas outlet line 9 leads from the pressure vessel via a heat exchanger 11 and a gas conveyor 12 to a connection point 13, from which the gas inlet line 14 leads back into the pressure vessel 2.
- a check valve 15 is arranged. From the junction 13 branches off a gas line 16, which is also equipped with a check valve 17.
- a heater 18 is used for heating the liquid in the pressure vessel 2.
- the pressure vessel 2 is filled via the inlet 3 up to a certain filling level 19 with a liquid 20 to be concentrated. Subsequently, the blocking valve of the inlet 3 is closed. With open check valve 17 and closed check valve 15 which is still in the pressure vessel 2 located gas phase 7 by means of the gas conveyor 12 is reduced by the gas phase in the pressure vessel 2 via the gas line 16 is pumped so far until a predetermined final pressure below the saturation vapor pressure of the water at the current Temperature of the liquid 20 is reached, for example, 15-25 mbar at a product temperature of about 25 ° C.
- the gas line 16 can also be used to flood the pressure vessel 2 with another gas, for example an inert gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide.
- the gas delivery device 12 now serves to generate a circulating gas flow via the gas outlet line 14, the gas inlet line 14 and the gas phase 7 receiving part of the pressure vessel 2.
- the concentrated Liquid 20 located water evaporates due to the low vapor pressure in the gas phase 7 and is transported with the circulating gas stream in the heat exchanger 11.
- the liquid 20 is continuously circulated by means of the stirring device 5.
- the heat exchanger 11 is a cryocondenser in which one or more heat exchanger surfaces are thermally connected to a cryogenic medium, for example liquid or cold gaseous nitrogen.
- a device of this kind is for example in the DE 10 2004 026 908 A1 described.
- the water vapor contained in the circulating gas stream at least partially condenses and is removed via a suitable condensate separator.
- a suitable condensate separator In the event that the circulating gas stream is cooled to such an extent on contact with the heat exchanger surfaces that the water freezes to ice, it proves useful to operate a plurality of heat exchangers 11, one of which is in the operating state, ie for condensation of the water is used while the other capacitor (s) is / are regenerated or defrosted respectively.
- the dried circulating gas stream is returned via the gas inlet 14 back into the pressure vessel 2 and can now absorb water vapor again. Since heat is removed from the liquid 20 during the evaporation of the water, it is supplied with heat energy by means of the heater 18.
- the heating device 18 also serves to compensate for heat losses that occur due to the contact of the circulating gas with the heat exchanger surfaces of the heat exchanger 11.
- a separate heating device may be provided, which is provided for example in the gas inlet line 14.
- the blocking valve is opened in the outlet 4 and the liquid 20 removed from the pressure vessel 2.
- a liquid 20 is concentrated quickly and efficiently.
- suitable pressure locks in the inlet 3 and outlet 4 the supply and discharge of the liquid can also be done without changing the pressure in the pressure vessel. In this way, a continuous implementation of the concentration process is possible.
- the pressure vessel 2 can also be equipped with a removable lid.
- the supply or removal of the substance 20 takes place in this case after pressure equalization and removal of the lid.
- Such an arrangement is particularly recommended in the treatment of highly viscous liquids.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Freezing, Cooling And Drying Of Foods (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Trocknen oder Konzentrieren von Stoffen, bei dem ein zu behandelnder Stoff in einem Druckbehälter einer Atmosphäre mit gegenüber dem Umgebungsdruck verringertem Druck ausgesetzt wird, aus dem Stoff verdampfendes Wasser in einem Kondensator teilweise kondensiert und das Kondensat abgeleitet wird. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Vorrichtung zum Trocknen oder Konzentrieren von Stoffen.The invention relates to a method for drying or concentrating substances, in which a substance to be treated is exposed in a pressure vessel to an atmosphere with reduced pressure relative to the ambient pressure, partially evaporated from the substance evaporating water in a condenser and the condensate is discharged. The invention further relates to a device for drying or concentrating substances.
Als "Trocknung" wird im Folgenden der Entzug von flüssigen Bestandteilen aus festen, insbesondere rieselfähigen Stoffen bezeichnet. Unter "Konzentration" soll hier der entsprechende Entzug einer Flüssigkeitskomponente, insbesondere Wasser, aus Flüssigkeitsgemischen oder pastösen Stoffen verstanden werden. Zur Trocknung und/oder zum Konzentrieren werden verschiedene Verfahren eingesetzt. Die im Folgenden beschriebenen Verfahren sind insbesondere zur Behandlung von Lebensmitteln oder pharmazeutischen Produkten gebräuchlich.In the following, the term "drying" refers to the removal of liquid constituents from solid, in particular free-flowing, substances. By "concentration" is meant here the corresponding removal of a liquid component, in particular water, from liquid mixtures or pasty substances. For drying and / or concentration, various methods are used. The methods described below are used in particular for the treatment of foods or pharmaceutical products.
Beim Eindampfen wird den Stoffen durch Hitzeeinwirkung von über 100°C Wasser entzogen, beispielsweise bis auf einen Wassergehalt zwischen 18% und 25 %. Durch die hohen Temperaturen werden jedoch wertvolle Inhaltsstoffe, wie z.B. Vitamine und Eiweiße, zerstört, zudem treten Geschmacksveränderungen auf.During evaporation, the substances are deprived of water by heat of more than 100 ° C, for example, to a water content of between 18% and 25%. The high temperatures, however, make valuable ingredients, e.g. Vitamins and proteins, destroyed, also taste changes occur.
Beim Sprühtrocknen werden flüssige Produkte am oberen Ende eines Trockenturms in feine Tröpfchen zerstäubt. Die Tropfen werden während ihres freien Falls durch einen Heißluftstrom im Turm getrocknet. Die Temperatur des Heißluftstroms liegt zwischen 150 - 250 °C und wirkt nur für die Dauer von einer halben bis einer Sekunde auf die Produkte ein. Die Temperatur des Pulverpartikels kühlt durch die Wasserverdampfung unmittelbar ab und beträgt nur ca. 60 - 80 °C. Hierdurch wird die Zerstörung der Inhaltsstoffe zumindest teilweise vermieden, das Verfahren ist jedoch sehr zeitaufwändig.In spray drying, liquid products are atomized into fine droplets at the top of a drying tower. The drops are dried during their free fall by a stream of hot air in the tower. The temperature of the hot air flow is between 150 - 250 ° C and acts on the products only for a period of half to one second. The temperature of the powder particle cools down by the evaporation of water and is only about 60 - 80 ° C. As a result, the destruction of the ingredients is at least partially avoided, but the process is very time consuming.
Beim Gefriertrocknen werden tiefgefrorene Lebensmittel im Vakuum unter Zufuhr von Wärme getrocknet. Dabei sublimiert das gefrorene, in Lebensmitteln enthaltene Wasser zu Wasserdampf und entweicht. Der Vorgang dauert je nach Lebensmittel bis zu 24 Stunden und wird bei Temperaturen zwischen -30 und +30 °C durchgeführt. Bei der Gefriertrocknung sind die Produktveränderungen äußerst gering. Sie ist das schonendste, jedoch auch das teuerste und aufwändigste industriell angewandte Verfahren.In freeze-drying, frozen foods are dried under vacuum with the addition of heat. This sublimates the frozen, contained in food Water to steam and escapes. Depending on the food, the process takes up to 24 hours and is carried out at temperatures between -30 and +30 ° C. In freeze-drying, the product changes are extremely low. It is the gentlest, but also the most expensive and costly industrially applied method.
In der
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Möglichkeit zum Trocknen oder Konzentrieren von Stoffen anzugeben, die weniger aufwändig und zugleich schonend für das zu trocknende bzw. zu konzentrierenden Produkt ist.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a possibility for drying or concentrating substances, which is less expensive and at the same time gentle for the product to be dried or concentrated.
Gelöst ist diese Aufgabe zum einen durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 und durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Patenanspruchs 4.This object is achieved on the one hand by a method having the features of patent claim 1 and by a device having the features of
Nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird also der zu behandelnde Stoff im Behälter bei Unterdruck einem Gasstrom ausgesetzt, der laufend mittels einer geeigneten Einrichtung, beispielsweise einem Ventilator oder einer Pumpe, im Kreislauf von dem zu behandelnden Stoff zum Kondensator und wieder zurück geführt wird. Der Unterdruck ist dabei so gewählt, dass er niedriger ist als der Sättigungsdampfdruck der jeweils zu entfernenden Flüssigkeit bei der bei Durchführung des Verfahrens im Behälter herrschenden Temperatur. Der zu behandelnde Stoff wird dadurch besonders schonend und effektiv getrocknet bzw. konzentriert. Als bevorzugtes Gas im Gasstrom kommt dabei Luft oder ein Inertgas, beispielsweise Stickstoff, zum Einsatz. Die Behandlung des Stoffes erfolgt dabei entweder "batchweise", wobei der zu behandelnde Stoff zunächst dem Druckbehälter zugeführt und dieser anschließend evakuiert wird, oder kontinuierlich, wobei durch Zwischenschaltung geeigneter Druckschleusen die kontinuierliche oder portionsweise Zuführung und Abführung des Stoffes in den bzw. aus dem evakuierten Druckbehälter erreicht wird. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eignet sich sowohl zur Trocknung fester, insbesondere rieselfähiger Stoffe, als auch zur Konzentration von Flüssigkeiten.According to the method of the invention, therefore, the substance to be treated in the container is exposed to a gas stream at reduced pressure, which is continuously recycled by means of a suitable device, such as a fan or a pump, from the substance to be treated to the condenser and back again. The negative pressure is chosen so that it is lower than the saturation vapor pressure of the liquid to be removed in each case at the temperature prevailing in the container when carrying out the method. The substance to be treated is thereby particularly gently and effectively dried or concentrated. The preferred gas in the gas stream is air or an inert gas, For example, nitrogen, for use. The treatment of the substance is carried out either "batchwise", wherein the substance to be treated is first fed to the pressure vessel and then evacuated, or continuously, with the interposition of suitable pressure locks the continuous or portionwise feeding and removal of the substance in or out of the evacuated Pressure vessel is reached. The inventive method is suitable both for drying solid, particularly free-flowing substances, as well as for the concentration of liquids.
Bevorzugt wird der Gasstrom in der Einrichtung zur Lufttrocknung mit einem kryogenen Medium in thermischen Kontakt gebracht, wobei das im Gasstrom enthaltene Wasser zumindest teilweise ausfriert. Als kryogenes Medium kommt insbesondere flüssiger oder tiefkalter gasförmiger Stickstoff oder flüssiges oder kaltes gasförmiges Kohlendioxid in Betracht.Preferably, the gas stream is brought into thermal contact in the device for air drying with a cryogenic medium, wherein the water contained in the gas stream at least partially freezes. As a cryogenic medium is in particular liquid or cryogenic nitrogen gas or liquid or cold gaseous carbon dioxide into consideration.
Zur weiteren Erhöhung der Effizienz des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird/werden zweckmäßigerweise der Stoff und/oder der Gasstrom beheizt. Die Beheizung dient insbesondere dazu, Wärmeverluste aufgrund der Verdampfung des Wassers wie auch aufgrund des thermischen Kontakts des Gasstroms mit den Wärmetauscherflächen auszugleichen.To further increase the efficiency of the process according to the invention, the substance and / or the gas stream is expediently heated. The heating is used in particular to compensate for heat losses due to the evaporation of the water as well as due to the thermal contact of the gas stream with the heat exchanger surfaces.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung umfasst einen Druckbehälter zum Aufnehmen des zu behandelnden Stoffes, eine mit dem Druckbehälter wirkverbundene Evakuierungseinrichtung zur Herstellung eines vorbestimmten Unterdrucks im Druckbehälter sowie einen Kondensator zum Kondensieren von aus dem Stoff verdampfenden Wasser, und ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Druckbehälter und der Kondensator zusammen einer mit einer Einrichtung zur Erzeugung eines gerichteten Gasstroms in einer Kreisgasleitung integriert sind. Im Druckbehälter wird also ein Gasstrom erzeugt, der die aus dem zu behandelnden Stoff verdampfende Feuchte aufnimmt und der anschließend im Kondensator getrocknet und wieder dem zu behandelnden Stoff zugeführt wird. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ermöglicht insbesondere die effiziente Konzentration von Flüssigkeiten.The device according to the invention comprises a pressure vessel for receiving the substance to be treated, an evacuation device operatively connected to the pressure vessel for producing a predetermined negative pressure in the pressure vessel and a condenser for condensing water evaporating from the substance, and is characterized in that the pressure vessel and the condenser together one integrated with a device for generating a directed gas flow in a recycle gas line. In the pressure vessel so a gas stream is generated, which absorbs the evaporating from the substance to be treated moisture and then dried in the condenser and fed back to the substance to be treated. In particular, the device according to the invention enables the efficient concentration of liquids.
Bevorzugt ist der Kondensator mit einer Wärmetauscherfläche ausgerüstet, die mit einem kryogenen Medium thermisch verbindbar ist. Bei einem solchen "Kryokondensator" erfolgt die Kondensation eines Stoffes aus einem Trägergas durch den Wärmekontakt mit einem kryogenen Medium, beispielsweise tiefkaltes Gas oder Flüssiggas. Als kryogenes Medium eignet sich insbesondere verflüssigter oder kalter gasförmiger Stickstoff oder ein anderes Flüssiggas.Preferably, the condenser is equipped with a heat exchanger surface which is thermally connectable to a cryogenic medium. In such a "cryocondensator", the condensation of a substance from a carrier gas takes place by the thermal contact with a cryogenic medium, for example cryogenic gas or liquid gas. In particular, liquefied or cold gaseous nitrogen or another liquid gas is suitable as the cryogenic medium.
Insbesondere bei der Verwendung von Kryokondensatoren, bei denen aufgrund der tiefen Kälte des eingesetzten Kühlmittels das kondensierte Wasser an den Wärmetauscherflächen zu Eis gefriert, ist es vorteilhaft, mehrere Kondensatoren vorzusehen, die wechselweise zur Gastrocknung und zur Regeneration eingesetzt werden. Während also ein Kondensator zum Gastrocknen eingesetzt wird, wird ein anderer Kondensator vom Gasstrom abgekoppelt und enteist. Dadurch wird vermieden, dass die Kälteenergie des kryogenen Mediums aufgrund der Isolierwirkung einer auf den Wärmetauscherflächen des Kryokondensators entstehenden Eisschicht nur unzureichend genutzt wird. Zudem werden enteisungsbedingte Betriebspausen vermieden.Especially when using cryocondensers in which the condensed water freezes on the heat exchanger surfaces to ice due to the low temperature of the coolant used, it is advantageous to provide several capacitors, which are used alternately for gas drying and for regeneration. Thus, while a condenser is used for gas drying, another condenser is decoupled from the gas stream and de-iced. This avoids that the cooling energy of the cryogenic medium is used only insufficiently due to the insulating effect of an ice formed on the heat exchanger surfaces of the cryocapacitor. In addition, enteisungsbedingte breaks are avoided.
Eine abermals vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass wenigstens eine Heizeinrichtung zur Beheizung des im Kreis geführten Gases und/oder des zu trocknenden Stoffes vorgesehen ist.A yet further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that at least one heating device is provided for heating the circulated gas and / or the substance to be dried.
Zumindest bei flüssigen oder Schütt- oder rieselfähigen Feststoffen ist es zweckmäßig, den Druckbehälter mit einer eine Rühreinrichtung auszurüsten, um die dem trockenen Gasstrom ausgesetzte Oberfläche zu vergrößern.At least for liquid or bulk or pourable solids, it is expedient to equip the pressure vessel with a stirring device to increase the surface exposed to the dry gas stream.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens oder der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Konzentrieren flüssiger oder pastöser Lebensmittel oder pharmazeutischer Produkte. "Konzentration" bedeutet hier ganz allgemein die Reduzierung des Stoffmengenanteils einer Gemischkomponente und ist nicht auf die Entfernung von Wasser beschränkt. Da die Erfindung ohne starke Erwärmung der zu konzentrierenden Stoffe auskommt, werden hitzeempfindliche Inhaltsstoffe geschont und bleiben dem Stoff auch nach dem Konzentrationsprozess erhalten.The use of the method according to the invention or the device according to the invention for concentrating liquid or pasty foods or pharmaceutical products is particularly advantageous. "Concentration" generally means reducing the mole fraction of a mixture component and is not limited to the removal of water. Since the invention makes do without strong heating of the substances to be concentrated, heat-sensitive ingredients are spared and remain the substance even after the concentration process.
Anhand der Zeichnung soll ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher erläutert werden. Die einzige Zeichnung (Fig. 1) zeigt schematisch eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Konzentrieren von Flüssigkeiten.Reference to the drawings, an embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail. The single drawing (Fig. 1) shows schematically a device according to the invention for concentrating liquids.
Die Vorrichtung 1 umfasst einen Druckbehälter 2, der mit einem Einlass 3 zum Zuführen einer zu konzentrierenden Flüssigkeit und einem Auslass 4 zum Abführen der konzentrierten Flüssigkeit verbunden ist. Einlass 3 und Auslass 4 sind jeweils mit Sperrarmaturen ausgerüstet. Im Druckbehälter 2 ist eine Rühreinrichtung 5 vorgesehen, die mit einem Motor 6 angetrieben wird. Im oberen Bereich des Druckbehälters 2, in dem sich bei bestimmungsgemäßer Verwendung der Vorrichtung 1 eine Gasphase 7 befindet, münden zwei Gasleitungen 9, 14 in den Druckbehälter 2 ein. Die Gasauslassleitung 9 führt vom Druckbehälter über einem Wärmetauscher 11 und eine Gasfördereinrichtung 12 zu einer Verbindungsstelle 13, von der aus die Gaseinlassleitung 14 in den Druckbehälter 2 zurückführt. In der Gaseinlassleitung 14 ist ein Sperrventil 15 angeordnet. Von der Verbindungsstelle 13 zweigt eine Gasleitung 16 ab, die gleichfalls mit einem Sperrventil 17 ausgerüstet ist. Zur Heizung der Flüssigkeit im Druckbehälter 2 dient eine Heizeinrichtung 18.The device 1 comprises a
Beim Betrieb der Vorrichtung 1 wird der Druckbehälter 2 über den Einlass 3 bis zu einer bestimmten Füllhöhe 19 mit einer zu konzentrierende Flüssigkeit 20 befüllt. Anschließend wird die Sperrarmatur des Einlasses 3 geschlossen. Bei geöffnetem Sperrventil 17 und geschlossenem Sperrventil 15 wird die noch im Druckbehälter 2 befindliche Gasphase 7 mittels der Gasfördereinrichtung 12 druckreduziert, indem die Gasphase im Druckbehälter 2 über die Gasleitung 16 so weit abgepumpt wird, bis ein vorbestimmter Enddruck unterhalb des Sättigungsdampfdruckes des Wassers bei der aktuellen Temperatur der Flüssigkeit 20 erreicht ist, beispielsweise 15-25 mbar bei einer Produkttemperatur von ca. 25°C. Die Gasleitung 16 kann auch dazu genutzt werden, den Druckbehälter 2 mit einem anderen Gas, beispielsweise ein Inertgas wie Stickstoff oder Kohlendioxid, zu fluten. Nach Erreichen des Enddrucks wird das Sperrventil 17 geschlossen und das Sperrventil 15 geöffnet. Die Gasfördereinrichtung 12 dient nunmehr zur Erzeugung eines Kreisgasstromes über die Gasauslassleitung 14, die Gaseinlassleitung 14 und der die Gasphase 7 aufnehmende Teil des Druckbehälters 2. In der zu konzentrierenden Flüssigkeit 20 befindliches Wasser verdampft aufgrund des niedrigen Dampfdrucks in der Gasphase 7 und wird mit dem Kreisgasstrom in den Wärmetauscher 11 transportiert. Um die Oberfläche der Flüssigkeit 20 zu vergrößern, wird die Flüssigkeit 20 mittels der Rühreinrichtung 5 laufend umgewälzt. Beim Wärmetauscher 11 handelt es sich um einen Kryokondensator, bei dem eine oder mehrere Wärmetauscherflächen mit einem kryogenen Medium, beispielsweise flüssiger oder kalter gasförmiger Stickstoff thermisch verbunden sind. Eine Vorrichtung dieser Art ist beispielsweise in der
Mit der Vorrichtung 1 wird eine Flüssigkeit 20 schnell und effizient konzentriert. Durch Einbau geeigneter Druckschleusen im Einlass 3 und Auslass 4 kann die Zuführung und Abführung der Flüssigkeit auch erfolgen, ohne dabei den Druck im Druckbehälter zu verändern. Auf dieses Weise ist auch eine kontinuierliche Durchführung des Konzentrationsprozesses möglich.With the device 1, a liquid 20 is concentrated quickly and efficiently. By installing suitable pressure locks in the
Umgekehrt kann anstelle der hier gezeigten Strömungsverbindung mit Einlass 3 bzw. Auslass 4 auch der Druckbehälter 2 mit einem abnehmbaren Deckel ausgerüstet sein. Die Zuführung bzw. Entnahme des Stoffes 20 erfolgt in diesem Falle nach Druckausgleich und Abnahme des Deckels. Eine solche Anordnung empfiehlt sich insbesondere bei der Behandlung hochviskoser Flüssigkeiten.Conversely, instead of the flow connection shown here with
- 1.1.
- Vorrichtungcontraption
- 2.Second
- Druckbehälterpressure vessel
- 3.Third
- Einlassinlet
- 4.4th
- Auslassoutlet
- 5.5th
- Rühreinrichtungagitator
- 6.6th
- Motorengine
- 7.7th
- Gasphasegas phase
- 8.8th.
- --
- 9.9th
- Gasauslassleitunggas outlet
- 10.10th
- --
- 11.11th
- Wärmetauscherheat exchangers
- 12.12th
- FördereinrichtungConveyor
- 13.13th
- Verbindungsstellejunction
- 14.14th
- GaseinlassleitungGas inlet line
- 15.15th
- Sperrventilcheck valve
- 16.16th
- Gasleitunggas pipe
- 17.17th
- Sperrventilcheck valve
- 18.18th
- Heizeinrichtungheater
- 19.19th
- Füllhöhefilling height
- 20.20th
- Flüssigkeitliquid
Claims (9)
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Stoff (20) im Druckbehälter (2) einem im Kreislauf geführten Gasstrom ausgesetzt wird, der nach der Kontaktierung mit dem zu behandelnden Stoff (20) dem Kondensator (11) zugeführt wird.Method for drying or concentrating substances, in which a substance (20) to be treated in a pressure vessel (2) is exposed to an atmosphere with reduced atmospheric pressure, at least partially evaporating water from the substance (20) in a condenser (11) condenses and the condensate is discharged,
characterized,
in that the substance (20) in the pressure vessel (2) is exposed to a recirculated gas stream which, after contacting with the substance (20) to be treated, is fed to the condenser (11).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Druckbehälter (2) und der Kondensator (11) zusammen mit einer Einrichtung (12) zur Erzeugung eines gerichteten Gasstroms in einer Kreisgasleitung integriert sind.Apparatus for drying or condensing substances, comprising a pressure vessel (2) for receiving the substance to be treated (20), an evacuation device (12) operatively connected to the pressure vessel (2) for producing a predetermined negative pressure in the pressure vessel (2) and a condenser ( 11) for condensing water evaporating from the substance,
characterized,
in that the pressure vessel (2) and the condenser (11) are integrated together with a device (12) for generating a directed gas flow in a recycle gas line.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200610009614 DE102006009614A1 (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2006-03-02 | Method and device for drying or concentrating substances |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1830145A2 true EP1830145A2 (en) | 2007-09-05 |
EP1830145A3 EP1830145A3 (en) | 2013-12-18 |
Family
ID=38121615
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07102899.7A Withdrawn EP1830145A3 (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2007-02-22 | Method and device for drying or concentrating substances |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1830145A3 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102006009614A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011080051A1 (en) | 2010-01-04 | 2011-07-07 | Basf Se | Formulation and use thereof |
DE102011014105B4 (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2013-01-31 | Christian Gruß | Apparatus and process for obtaining pure substances as medicament raw material from flowers, roots or herbs |
DE102012101992B4 (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2017-11-09 | Bvg Bauer Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh | Apparatus and method for concentrating starch pastes and use |
DE102014217226B4 (en) | 2014-08-28 | 2021-09-23 | Skf Blohm + Voss Industries Gmbh | Evaporation plant, evaporation process and sealing system |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4584781A (en) * | 1985-04-29 | 1986-04-29 | Martin Parkinson | Low friction vacuum valve and drying apparatus |
US5103578A (en) * | 1991-03-26 | 1992-04-14 | Amoco Corporation | Method and apparatus for removing volatile organic compounds from soils |
US5253597A (en) * | 1992-06-18 | 1993-10-19 | Chemical Waste Management, Inc. | Process for separating organic contaminants from contaminated soils and sludges |
US20040099612A1 (en) * | 2002-11-26 | 2004-05-27 | Alkermes Controlled Therapeutics, Inc. | Method and apparatus for filtering and drying a product |
-
2006
- 2006-03-02 DE DE200610009614 patent/DE102006009614A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-02-22 EP EP07102899.7A patent/EP1830145A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4584781A (en) * | 1985-04-29 | 1986-04-29 | Martin Parkinson | Low friction vacuum valve and drying apparatus |
US5103578A (en) * | 1991-03-26 | 1992-04-14 | Amoco Corporation | Method and apparatus for removing volatile organic compounds from soils |
US5253597A (en) * | 1992-06-18 | 1993-10-19 | Chemical Waste Management, Inc. | Process for separating organic contaminants from contaminated soils and sludges |
US20040099612A1 (en) * | 2002-11-26 | 2004-05-27 | Alkermes Controlled Therapeutics, Inc. | Method and apparatus for filtering and drying a product |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102006009614A1 (en) | 2007-09-06 |
EP1830145A3 (en) | 2013-12-18 |
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