EP1825559B1 - High-frequency filter and method for tuning a high-frequency filter - Google Patents

High-frequency filter and method for tuning a high-frequency filter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1825559B1
EP1825559B1 EP05801877A EP05801877A EP1825559B1 EP 1825559 B1 EP1825559 B1 EP 1825559B1 EP 05801877 A EP05801877 A EP 05801877A EP 05801877 A EP05801877 A EP 05801877A EP 1825559 B1 EP1825559 B1 EP 1825559B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inner conductor
conductor tube
frequency filter
filter according
housing
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EP05801877A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1825559A1 (en
Inventor
Ingo Mayr
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Kathrein Mobilcom Austria GmbH
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Kathrein Austria GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P7/00—Resonators of the waveguide type
    • H01P7/04—Coaxial resonators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-frequency filter in coaxial design according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a common antenna is often used for transmit and receive signals.
  • the transmit or receive signals each use different frequency ranges, and the antenna must be suitable for transmitting and receiving in both frequency ranges.
  • a suitable frequency filtering is required, with the one hand, the transmission signals from the transmitter to the antenna and on the other hand, the received signals are forwarded from the antenna to the receiver.
  • inter alia high-frequency filters in coaxial design are used today.
  • High-frequency filters in coaxial design include coaxial resonators in which resonator cavities are formed in an outer conductor housing, in which inner conductor in the Form of inner conductor tubes are arranged.
  • the inner conductor tubes each have a free end which is adjacent to a lid which is arranged on the upper side of the housing.
  • a capacitance is formed between the cover and the inner conductor tube (so-called head capacitance).
  • This capacity is also frequency determining. If there is an increase in temperature, the inner conductor tube and the walls of the outer conductor housing expand by the same factor. Since the walls of the outer conductor housing are higher than the inner conductor tube, there is an increase in the distance between the inner conductor tube and cover, resulting in a decrease in the head capacity and leads to an increase in the resonance frequency. This effect thus counteracts the reduction of the resonance frequency due to the greater mechanical length of the inner conductor tube with temperature increases. The effect is very small and does not matter.
  • a high frequency coaxial resonator is also out of the US Pat. No. 6,320,483 B1 known.
  • a prior art resonator which includes an inner conductor, an outer conductor, and a lid. It is also described that the width of the coaxial resonator can be reduced, but only with problems. Due to the reduction in the thickness of the construction, however, it is necessary to support the inner conductor by an additional support element. It is a parallel to the ceiling or floor plate extending rod-shaped support structure having an annular portion in the middle, which is penetrated by the inner conductor. The horizontally protruding support arms abut against the inside of the coaxial resonator.
  • a high-frequency resonator in general is among other things from the US 5,329,687 A. known.
  • This high-frequency coaxial resonator comprises an outer conductor housing with an inner conductor tube axially arranged thereon, which is preferably connected in one piece with the outer conductor housing.
  • the inner conductor tube ends at a distance below a lid closing the outer conductor housing.
  • the inner conductor tube is provided with a longitudinal bore passing through the inner conductor tube into which a screw can be screwed from below.
  • the screw can be screwed into a counterpart, which has a circumferential edge at a distance from the free end of the inner conductor tube, so that a bellows-shaped element can be inserted between this peripheral edge of the counterpart and the free end edge of the inner conductor tube.
  • the screw has a coefficient of thermal expansion which is less than the thermal expansion coefficient of the existing example of aluminum inner conductor tube.
  • the bellows-shaped compensation element further consists of a different material compared to the material of the screw and the inner conductor tube.
  • this embodiment also has various disadvantages, since additional elements are necessary, the bellows-shaped element has to be welded to the circumferential end wall of the inner conductor tube, etc. Intermodulation problems may also be caused thereby.
  • the object of the invention is in contrast to provide a high-frequency filter in coaxial design, which is easier to manufacture than known from the prior art filter and its high-frequency properties can be changed in a simple manner.
  • the high-frequency filter according to the invention is characterized inter alia by the fact that it is mechanically connected to at least a portion of the inner conductor tube, that acts more or less directly on the inner conductor tube. Therefore, there is no need for any additional compensation element, which is quasi compressed or shortened at a temperature-induced extension of the inner conductor tube, as in the generic state of the art according to the US Pat. No. 6,407,651 B1 is provided.
  • the inner conductor tube consists of at least a first material and the compensation element of at least one second material.
  • the term inner conductor tube is to be understood in this case and includes any type of pile-shaped elements with inner cavity.
  • the inner conductor tube can assume any shape in cross section, for example a square, hexagonal or a cylindrical shape and the like.
  • the materials are connected in such a way that the at least one second material acts mechanically on the at least one first material of at least one subsection of the inner conductor tube in such a way that the temperature expansion
  • the inner conductor tube consists of a material which has a larger coefficient of thermal expansion than the material of the compensation element.
  • the length of the inner conductor tube can be influenced by mechanical force exerted by the compensation element on the inner conductor tube.
  • the high-frequency filter according to the invention may preferably be waived to manufacture the inner conductor tube separately from a different material than the housing.
  • the production of the filter is facilitated because no mechanical tolerances occur when assembling different materials and no special tools are needed for installation. Furthermore, intermodulation problems are avoided since there are no defects at junctions between different materials. In addition, the mechanical force of the second material on the first material can be easily influenced so that the filter is much faster and easier to optimize.
  • the compensation element is in the region of the free end of the inner conductor tube and / or substantially disposed within the inner conductor tube, that is preferably below the free end of the inner conductor tube, so that the material of the compensation element itself does not directly affect the head capacitance substantially. Furthermore, the compensation element can be releasably connected to the inner conductor tube, so that depending on the purpose of the compensation element can be exchanged for another.
  • the compensation element exerts a force directed substantially at the housing bottom on the at least one section of the inner conductor tube, thereby easily affecting the temperature expansion of the first material and a reduction in the length of the inner conductor tube by the downward force can be.
  • the at least one section of the inner conductor tube is a section with a smaller thickness of the inner conductor tube. The first material of the inner conductor tube thus sets less force against the second material of the compensation element, so that a temperature compensation effected with the compensation element is intensified.
  • the at least one second material of the compensation element is a material with a higher tensile strength than the at least one first material of the inner conductor tube.
  • the tensile strength of the at least one second material is at least 100%, preferably at least 150%, more preferably at least 200% greater than the tensile strength of the at least one first material.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the first Material be greater than that of the second material, in particular by at least 50%, preferably at least 100%, more preferably at least 130%.
  • the inner conductor tube may for example be made of aluminum and the compensation element may be made of steel and / or ceramic.
  • the compensation element is substantially not only accommodated in the interior of the inner conductor tube, but also mechanically connected to an inner surface section of the inner conductor tube.
  • the inner surface portion may in this case lie at the lower end, in the central region or at the upper end of the inner conductor tube.
  • the size of the sub-section can be changed, which acts on the second material of the compensation element.
  • the housing bottom of the outer conductor housing is provided on its underside with an opening to the interior of the inner conductor tube, via which the compensation element is accessible in a simple manner.
  • the force with which the at least one second material of the compensation element acts on the at least one first material of the inner conductor tube can be changed.
  • a compensation element which is formed by a screw positioned in the interior of the inner conductor tube, which is formed in at least one inside the inner conductor tube Threaded section is screwed.
  • the at least one threaded section can be positioned arbitrarily in the interior of the inner conductor tube, in particular it can be in the lower part, in the middle part or in the upper part of the inner conductor tube, whereby the strength of the compensation is influenced.
  • a screwing tool for rotating the screw can be positioned at one end of the screw, wherein this end is arranged at the opening at the bottom of the housing bottom.
  • the tensile force of the screw can be influenced on the inner conductor tube from the outside in a simple manner and the filter can be tuned.
  • the screw has an inner cavity.
  • at least one arranged on or adjacent to the free end of the inner conductor tube tuning element comprising metallic and / or dielectric material is further provided.
  • the tuning element may, for example, be arranged in a cover positioned on the housing upper side of the outer conductor housing, but it is also possible that the tuning element is at least partially positioned in the inner conductor tube.
  • the tuning element is preferably at least partially received in the inner cavity of the screw, wherein the inner cavity for this purpose in particular has a female threaded portion at its lying adjacent to the free end of the inner conductor tube end for screwing the tuning element.
  • the outer conductor housing is preferably formed integrally with the inner conductor tube, for example as a milling or casting, so that no intermodulation problems Butt joints in the filter occur.
  • the filter according to the invention can be designed, for example, as a duplexer, bandpass filter or band-stop filter.
  • the high-frequency filter according to the invention can also be optimally manufactured.
  • an outer conductor housing is produced with a housing bottom and a housing wall, wherein at least one inner conductor tube made of at least one first material is formed or arranged in the interior of the outer conductor housing.
  • at least one compensation element of at least one second material is connected to the inner conductor tube and finally the tuning of the high-frequency electrical characteristics of the filter takes place in that the mechanical force that exerts the at least one second material of the compensation element on the at least one first material of the inner conductor tube accordingly is set.
  • the at least one inner conductor tube is preferably formed integrally with the outer conductor housing, whereby the manufacture of the filter is greatly simplified.
  • FIG. 1 shows in sectional side view a resonator which is used in a first embodiment of the high-frequency filter according to the invention.
  • the high frequency filter itself may consist of a plurality of such resonators.
  • the resonator of FIG. 1 comprises an outer conductor housing 1 with a housing bottom 1a, from which a circumferential housing wall 1b extends. Coupling openings may be provided in the housing wall for electrical coupling to adjacent resonators, and the housings of all the resonators may be formed integrally from a material.
  • the housing bottom 1a is integrally formed an inner conductor in the form of a cylindrical inner conductor tube 2, wherein the inner conductor tube is arranged centrally within the cavity formed by the housing wall 1b.
  • a cover 3 is screwed by means of a plurality of screws 4. It is also conceivable that the lid is not attached to the upper side of the housing, but that the lid comprises at its edge an upper part of the housing wall, which is connected to a lower part of the housing wall in a region between the housing upper side and the housing bottom. Possibly.
  • the cover may also comprise the entire housing wall and be connected to the outer conductor housing on the housing bottom.
  • a tuning element 5 which comprises a press-fit bushing 5a, which is pressed into the lid 3 and has an upper portion 501 above the lid and a lower portion 502 below the lid.
  • an internal thread is provided, into which a tuning tip 5b is screwed, which protrudes from the lower end of the press-fit 5a.
  • the tuning tip has at its upper, located in the Einpressbuchse end a hexagonal socket (not shown), so that with a corresponding hex wrench, the distance of the tuning tip to the upper, free end 2a of the inner conductor tube 2 can be changed. This change in distance in turn has an influence on the capacitance between the inner conductor tube and cover, which can influence the resonant frequency of the resonator and thus tune the high-frequency filter.
  • the press-in bushing and the tuning tip can both be made of brass, for example.
  • a compensation device 6 In the interior of the inner conductor tube, a compensation device 6 is provided, which is also referred to below as a compensation element 6. It comprises a compensation screw 6 ', which is also referred to below as a screw 6', which comprises an outer thread 6a indicated by a thickened edge and a screw head 6b.
  • the screw 6 ' was passed through an opening 1c in the bottom of the housing 1 via the bottom of the Bottom used in the inner conductor tube 2 and bolted to the inner conductor tube 2 at the free end 2a.
  • the inner conductor tube has for this purpose at the end 2a to a thickened portion on which an internal thread 2b is provided, which is indicated by thick lines drawn.
  • the internal thread 2b and the external thread 6a fit into one another, so that the screw 6 'can be screwed into the inner conductor tube 2.
  • one or more slots or a hexagon socket are provided on the screw head 6b to introduce a screwing tool for rotating the compensation screw.
  • the length of the screw 6 ' is selected such that only a small front portion 6c of the external thread 6a engages in the lower end of the internal thread 2b.
  • the screw head 6b is supported offset from the internal thread 2b on the inner conductor tube 2 and / or in or on the housing bottom 1a. However, it is also possible that the screw is made longer and is further screwed into the internal thread 2b.
  • the screw 6 ' is hollow on the inside and comprises a lower, small diameter cylindrical cavity 6d extending upwardly from the screw head 6b, followed by a larger diameter cavity 6e extending to the upper tip 6c of the screw 6' , In the upper cavity 6e, an internal thread 6f (indicated by a thicker black line) is provided, into which a further tuning element can be screwed, as will be described in more detail below.
  • the screw 6 ' is preferably made of a different material, for example of a different metal or a ceramic, as the outer conductor housing 1 and the inner conductor tube integrally formed in this housing. It is used for the screw 6 'is preferably a material having a higher tensile strength and a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the inner conductor tube.
  • the tensile strength of the material of the screw is at least 100%, preferably at least 150%, and more preferably at least 200% greater than the tensile strength of the material of the inner conductor tube.
  • the coefficient of thermal expansion of the inner conductor tube is preferably greater than the thermal expansion coefficient of the screw by at least 50%, in particular by at least 100% and particularly preferably by at least 130%.
  • the screw 6 whereas the inner conductor tube 2 is made of aluminum.
  • the material for the inner conductor tube for example, aluminum of the type EN AW-5083 is suitable, which has a yield strength R p0.2 of at least 105 N / mm 2 and a tensile strength R m of at least 255 N / mm 2 .
  • the coefficient of thermal expansion of this material is 24.2 ⁇ 10 -6 / K.
  • type X17CrNi 16-2 stainless steel can be used as a material for the screw. This stainless steel has a yield strength R p0.2 of at least 600 N / mm 2 and a tensile strength R m of at least 800 N / mm 2 .
  • the coefficient of thermal expansion of this material is 10.0 x 10 -6 / K.
  • a clamping length of 48 mm and a temperature difference of 40 ° C. there is a difference in the length expansion of 0.027 mm.
  • the screw 6 ' is screwed into the upper thread 2b of the inner conductor tube with a torque, so that a tensile force is exerted on the inner conductor tube in the direction of the housing bottom, which is so large that the Coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the screw is "imposed” on the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the inner conductor tube.
  • a thermal expansion of the material of the inner conductor tube, which exceeds the thermal expansion of the screw is thus prevented by the compensation screw 6 '*, since the inner conductor with increasing temperature in the elastic region due to the tensile force of the screw "short" is.
  • the resonance frequency is reduced due to the increase in the mechanical length of the inner conductor tube with temperature increases.
  • This effect is reflected in the FIG. 1 shown embodiment counteracted by the fact that the temperature expansion is reduced by the lower coefficient of thermal expansion of the screw and at the same time the distance between the lid 3 and free end 2a of the inner conductor tube is increased, resulting in a decrease in the capacity between the lid and inner conductor tube.
  • This causes a reduction of the resonance frequency, so that the in FIG. 1 Filter shown compensated for temperature-dependent fluctuations in the resonant frequency in a simple manner.
  • a simple tuning of the filter by changing the tension of the screw, ie by turning the screw 6 'in the internal thread 2b, allows.
  • the resonant frequency can be suitably adjusted.
  • the strength of the compensation can be found in the filter FIG. 1 also by it be influenced that the wall thickness of the inner conductor tube is changed. The thinner the inner conductor tube is, the smaller the force of the inner conductor tube, which counteracts the tensile force of the screw at thermal expansions. Consequently, the compensation for thin inner conductor tubes is stronger than for thick inner conductor tubes.
  • FIG. 1A shows a detail view of in FIG. 1 It can be seen in detail the thickened portion of the inner conductor tube 2 at the free end 2a, said thickened portion at the upper end has a cylindrical circumferential shoulder 2c, whereby an opening 2d is formed, in which engages the tuning tip 5b. It can also be seen in detail once again that only the foremost tip 6c of the screw 6 'engages in the internal thread 2b of the inner conductor tube 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional side view of a resonator of a second embodiment of the high-frequency filter according to the invention.
  • the resonator of FIG. 2 corresponds in its structure largely to the resonator of FIG. 1 , The only difference is that instead of the tuning element 5 in the cover 3 a tuning element 5 'is used, which is screwed into the internal thread 6f of the compensation screw 6'.
  • the tuning element 5 ' comprises a bushing 5b' which has at its lower end two male threaded portions 5c 'separated by two notches 5d' (indicated by thickened lines). In the area of the cuts 5d ', the bush 5b' is slightly compressed.
  • the tuning element does not change its position in the screw during vibration.
  • the actual tuning part 5a' which in the embodiment of the FIG. 2 consists of dielectric and preferably ceramic material and is in the socket 5b 'is pressed.
  • the tuning part extends upwardly from the socket 5b 'through the upper opening in the free end 2a of the inner conductor tube 2 and also affects the resonant frequency of the resonator.
  • the tuning can be effected by changing the position of the tuning element 5 'in the internal thread 6f of the screw 6'.
  • FIG. 3 shows a sectional side view of a resonator in a third embodiment of the high-frequency filter according to the invention.
  • the construction of the filter FIG. 3 is similar to the filter of FIG. 1 , In particular, the same, located in the cover 3 tuning element 5 is used. Also, the compensation screw 6 'of FIG. 3 corresponds to the compensation screw 6 'of FIG. 1 ,
  • the main difference of the filter FIG. 3 to FIG. 1 is that the thickened portion of the inner conductor tube with the internal thread 2b is no longer located at the upper, free end 2a of the inner conductor tube 2, but in the central region of the inner conductor tube.
  • FIG. 3A A detailed view of the section Y, which shows the thickened portion in the central region of the inner conductor tube 2, is hereby made FIG. 3A seen.
  • the compensation device 6 is screwed in the form of a screw 6 'with the external thread 6a in the internal thread 2b such that the thermal expansion coefficient of the screw Inner conductor tube is imposed.
  • the compensation of the thermal expansion caused thereby does not affect the entire length of the inner conductor tube, but only on the lower portion of the inner conductor tube extending from the thickened portion of the inner thread 2b to the top of the housing bottom 1a.
  • the inner conductor tube 2 expands according to its own coefficient of thermal expansion.
  • the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the inner conductor tube is preferably greater than the coefficient of the compensation screw, takes place in the embodiment of FIG. 3 at temperature increases a greater extension of the total length of the inner conductor tube, so that the resonant frequency changes more due to the more increasing mechanical length of the resonator and the less increasing distance between the cover 3 and the free end 2a of the inner conductor tube.
  • Analogous to FIG. 1 can be changed by increasing the torque of the screw 6 ', the length of the inner conductor tube 2, so that by the compensation screw 6' and a vote of the filter can be achieved.
  • FIG. 4 shows a sectional side view of a resonator of a fourth embodiment of the invention High-frequency filter.
  • the embodiment of the FIG. 4 corresponds substantially to the embodiment of the FIG. 3 ,
  • the inner conductor tube and the compensation screw and the housing is identical to FIG. 3 designed.
  • the tuning element 5 ' is used, which is already in FIG. 2 has been described. This tuning element is screwed into the internal thread 6f of the upper cavity 6e of the compensation screw 6 '. Since the components of the embodiment of the FIG. 4 already in relation to FIG. 1 respectively.
  • FIG. 2 will be described on a detailed description of FIG. 4 waived.

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-frequency filter provided with a coaxial design, comprising one or more resonators, at least one of the resonators having the following features: an inner conductor, which is provided in the form of an inner conductor tube (2) and which is made of at least one first material; an outer conductor housing (1) with a housing bottom (1a), a housing wall (1b) and a cover (3), said cover extending from the housing wall (1b) or being positioned on the upper side of the housing. The inner conductor tube (2) is electrically coupled to the housing bottom (1a), and a free end (2a) of the inner conductor tube (2) is adjacent to the upper side of the housing and/or to the cover (3); a compensation element (6) made of at least one second material that is joined to the inner conductor tube (2); whereby the compensation element (6) acts on at least one partial section of the inner conductor tube (2) by the exertion of mechanical force whereby influencing and/or changing and/or decreasing an occurring temperature-related longitudinal change of the inner conductor tube (2).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Hochfrequenzfilter in koaxialer Bauweise nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a high-frequency filter in coaxial design according to the preamble of claim 1.

In funktechnische Anlagen, insbesondere im Mobilfunkbereich, wird häufig für Sende- und Empfangssignale eine gemeinsame Antenne benutzt. Dabei verwenden die Sende-oder Empfangssignale jeweils unterschiedliche Frequenzbereiche, und die Antenne muss zum Senden und Empfangen in beiden Frequenzbereichen geeignet sein. Zur Trennung der Sende- und Empfangssignale ist deshalb eine geeignete Frequenz-Filterung erforderlich, mit der einerseits die Sendesignale vom Sender zur Antenne und andererseits die Empfangssignale von der Antenne zum Empfänger weitergeleitet werden. Zur Aufteilung der Sende- und Empfangssignale werden heutzutage unter anderem Hochfrequenzfilter in koaxialer Bauweise eingesetzt.In radio systems, especially in the mobile sector, a common antenna is often used for transmit and receive signals. The transmit or receive signals each use different frequency ranges, and the antenna must be suitable for transmitting and receiving in both frequency ranges. For the separation of the transmit and receive signals, therefore, a suitable frequency filtering is required, with the one hand, the transmission signals from the transmitter to the antenna and on the other hand, the received signals are forwarded from the antenna to the receiver. For the distribution of the transmission and reception signals, inter alia high-frequency filters in coaxial design are used today.

Hochfrequenzfilter in koaxialer Bauweise umfassen koaxiale Resonatoren, bei denen in einem Außenleitergehäuse Resonatorhohlräume ausgebildet sind, in denen Innenleiter in der Form von Innenleiterrohren angeordnet sind. Die Innenleiterrohre weisen jeweils ein freies Ende auf, welches benachbarten zu einem Deckel liegt, der auf der Oberseite des Gehäuses angeordnet ist. Beim Auftreten von Temperaturschwankungen kommt es zu einer Veränderung der mechanischen Länge des Innenleiterrohrs. Da die mechanische Länge umgekehrt proportional zur Frequenz ist, sinkt die Resonanzfrequenz des Filters, wenn die mechanische Länge mit zunehmender Temperatur steigt. Dieser dominierende Effekt führt beispielsweise bei einem Filter mit einer Resonanzfrequenz von einem 1 GHz bei einem Temperaturunterschied von 40°C zu einer Veränderung der Resonanzfrequenz um 1 MHz. Bei Temperaturveränderungen tritt ein weiterer zweiter Effekt auf. Am freien Ende des Innenleiters ist eine Kapazität zwischen dem Deckel und dem Innenleiterrohr ausgebildet (sog. Kopf-Kapazität). Diese Kapazität ist auch frequenzbestimmend. Kommt es zu einer Temperaturerhöhung, dehnen sich das Innenleiterrohr und die Wände des Außenleitergehäuses um den gleichen Faktor aus. Da die Wände des Außenleitergehäuses höher sind als das Innenleiterrohr, kommt es zu einer Vergrößerung des Abstandes zwischen Innenleiterrohr und Deckel, was eine Abnahme der Kopf-Kapazität zur Folge hat und zu einer Erhöhung der Resonanzfrequenz führt. Dieser Effekt wirkt somit der Verminderung der Resonanzfrequenz aufgrund der größeren mechanischen Länge des Innenleiterrohrs bei Temperaturerhöhungen entgegen. Der Effekt ist aber sehr gering und fällt nicht ins Gewicht.High-frequency filters in coaxial design include coaxial resonators in which resonator cavities are formed in an outer conductor housing, in which inner conductor in the Form of inner conductor tubes are arranged. The inner conductor tubes each have a free end which is adjacent to a lid which is arranged on the upper side of the housing. When temperature fluctuations occur, there is a change in the mechanical length of the inner conductor tube. Since the mechanical length is inversely proportional to the frequency, the resonant frequency of the filter decreases as the mechanical length increases with increasing temperature. This dominating effect, for example, results in a change in the resonance frequency by 1 MHz in the case of a filter with a resonance frequency of 1 GHz at a temperature difference of 40 ° C. With temperature changes, another second effect occurs. At the free end of the inner conductor, a capacitance is formed between the cover and the inner conductor tube (so-called head capacitance). This capacity is also frequency determining. If there is an increase in temperature, the inner conductor tube and the walls of the outer conductor housing expand by the same factor. Since the walls of the outer conductor housing are higher than the inner conductor tube, there is an increase in the distance between the inner conductor tube and cover, resulting in a decrease in the head capacity and leads to an increase in the resonance frequency. This effect thus counteracts the reduction of the resonance frequency due to the greater mechanical length of the inner conductor tube with temperature increases. The effect is very small and does not matter.

Um den Effekt der Abnahme der Kopf-Kapazität bei Temperaturerhöhungen zu verstärken, ist es aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt, Teile des Innenleiterrohrs oder auch den gesamten Innenleiter aus einem anderen Material mit einem geringeren Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten als das Außenleitergehäuse zu fertigen. Dadurch wird bei einer Temperaturerhöhung die Kopf-Kapazität noch kleiner und kompensiert den Effekt der Frequenzzunahme durch die temperaturbedingte Längenausdehnung. Mit solchen Filtern kann eine Temperaturkompensation dahingehend erreicht werden, dass die Resonatoren im Filter in einem bestimmten Temperaturbereich eine konstante Resonanzfrequenz aufweist. Diese Art der Kompensation hat jedoch einige Nachteile. Dadurch, dass der Innenleiter oder Teile des Innenleiters aus einem anderen Material als das Gehäuse bestehen, tritt immer eine Störstelle zwischen zwei Materialien auf, selbst wenn beide miteinander verlötet werden. Dies kann abgesehen von Fertigungsproblemen auch Intermodulationsprobleme hervorrufen. Ferner müssen mehrere unterschiedliche Materialien im hochfrequenzkritischen Resonatorraum zusammengefügt werden, wobei mechanische Toleranzen in diesem Raum gravierende Einflüsse auf das Filter haben können. Wird ein Innenleiter z. B. nicht auf wenige hundertstel Millimeter genau im Filter platziert, verändert sich die Koppelbandbreite zu allen benachbarten Resonatoren, was wiederum Probleme bei der Abstimmung mit sich bringen kann. Auch in der Entwicklungsphase des Filters muss viel Zeit für die Optimierung aufgewendet werden, da für fast jeden Innenleiter ein eigenes Kompensationselement entwickelt werden muss. Bei der Serienfertigung hat man darüber hinaus eine Vielzahl von verschiedenen unterschiedlichen Teilen, die zusammengefügt werden müssen, was die Montage erschwert. Insbesondere kann es zu Verwechslungen bei der Montage kommen und es müssen Sonderwerkzeuge während der Montage verwendet werden. Hierdurch steigt auch der Preis für das Filter.In order to enhance the effect of decreasing the head capacity with temperature increases, it is known from the prior art, parts of the inner conductor tube or the entire inner conductor of a different material with a to produce lower coefficients of thermal expansion than the outer conductor housing. As a result, the head capacity becomes even smaller with an increase in temperature and compensates for the effect of the frequency increase due to the temperature-induced linear expansion. With such filters, a temperature compensation can be achieved in that the resonators in the filter in a certain temperature range has a constant resonance frequency. However, this type of compensation has some disadvantages. Due to the fact that the inner conductor or parts of the inner conductor are made of a different material than the housing, an impurity always occurs between two materials, even if both are soldered together. This can cause intermodulation problems apart from manufacturing issues. Furthermore, several different materials must be joined together in the high-frequency-critical resonator chamber, wherein mechanical tolerances in this room can have serious effects on the filter. If an inner conductor z. B. not placed within a few hundredths of a millimeter in the filter, the coupling bandwidth changes to all adjacent resonators, which in turn can bring problems in the vote with it. Even in the development phase of the filter, a lot of time has to be spent on the optimization, since a separate compensation element has to be developed for almost every inner conductor. In mass production, you also have a variety of different different parts that need to be joined together, which makes assembly difficult. In particular, it can lead to confusion during assembly and special tools must be used during assembly. This also increases the price of the filter.

Aus der Druckschrift US 6,407,651 B1 ist ein gattungsbildendes Hochfrequenzfilter bekannt, bei dem ein auf dem Innenleiterrohr aufgesetztes Kompensationselement verwendet wird, das über einen Balg mit der Oberseite des Innenleiterrohrs verbunden ist. Die Position des Kompensationselementes kann über eine Einstellschraube verändert werden. Durch die Verwendung von unterschiedlichen Materialien für das Kompensationselement und die Schraube kann eine Temperaturkompensation des Filters durchgeführt werden.From the publication US Pat. No. 6,407,651 B1 is a generic type high-frequency filter is known in which a placed on the inner conductor tube compensation element is used, which is connected via a bellows with the top of the inner conductor tube. The position of the compensation element can be changed via an adjusting screw. By using different materials for the compensation element and the screw, a temperature compensation of the filter can be performed.

Ein Hochfrequenz-Koaxialresonator ist auch aus der US 6 320 483 B1 bekanntgeworden. Hierin wird ein zum Stand der Technik gehörender Resonator beschrieben, der einen Innenleiter, einen Außenleiter und einen Deckel umfasst. Ferner ist beschrieben, dass die Weite des Koaxialresonators verringert werden kann, allerdings nur mit Problemen. Aufgrund der Reduzierung der Dicke der Konstruktion ist es allerdings notwendig, den Innenleiter durch ein zusätzliches Abstützelement zu stützen. Es handelt sich dabei um eine parallel zur Decken- bzw. Bodenplatte verlaufende stabförmige Abstützkonstruktion, die in der Mitte einen ringförmigen Abschnitt aufweist, der vom Innenleiter durchsetzt wird. Die horizontal wegstehenden Abstützarme liegen an der Innenseite des koaxialen Resonators an.A high frequency coaxial resonator is also out of the US Pat. No. 6,320,483 B1 known. Herein, a prior art resonator is described which includes an inner conductor, an outer conductor, and a lid. It is also described that the width of the coaxial resonator can be reduced, but only with problems. Due to the reduction in the thickness of the construction, however, it is necessary to support the inner conductor by an additional support element. It is a parallel to the ceiling or floor plate extending rod-shaped support structure having an annular portion in the middle, which is penetrated by the inner conductor. The horizontally protruding support arms abut against the inside of the coaxial resonator.

Ein Hochfrequenz-Resonator allgemein ist unter anderem auch aus der US 5 329 687 A bekanntgeworden.A high-frequency resonator in general is among other things from the US 5,329,687 A. known.

Schließlich ist ein gattungsbildender Hochfrequenz-Koaxialresonator mit einer Temperatur-Kompensationseinrichtung auch aus der US 6 407 651 B1 bekannt geworden. Dieser Hochfrequenz-Koaxialresonator umfasst ein Außenleitergehäuse mit einem daran axial angeordneten Innenleiterrohr, welches bevorzugt einstückig mit dem Außenleitergehäuse verbunden ist. Das Innenleiterrohr endet im Abstand unterhalb eines das Außenleitergehäuse verschließenden Deckels. Das Innenleiterrohr ist mit einer das Innenleiterrohr durchsetzenden Längsbohrung versehen, in welche von unten her eine Schraube eindrehbar ist. Die Schraube ist in ein Gegenstück eindrehbar, welches im Abstand zum freien Ende des Innenleiterrohres einen umlaufenden Rand aufweist, so dass zwischen diesem umlaufenden Rand des Gegenstücks und dem freien Stirnrand des Innenleiterrohres ein balgförmiges Element eingesetzt werden kann. Die Schraube weist dabei einen Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten auf, der geringer ist als der Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizient des beispielsweise aus Aluminium bestehenden Innenleiterrohres. Das balgförmige Ausgleichselement besteht ferner aus einem anderen Material verglichen mit dem Material der Schraube sowie des Innenleiterrohres.Finally, a generic high-frequency coaxial resonator with a temperature compensation device and from US Pat. No. 6,407,651 B1 known. This high-frequency coaxial resonator comprises an outer conductor housing with an inner conductor tube axially arranged thereon, which is preferably connected in one piece with the outer conductor housing. The inner conductor tube ends at a distance below a lid closing the outer conductor housing. The inner conductor tube is provided with a longitudinal bore passing through the inner conductor tube into which a screw can be screwed from below. The screw can be screwed into a counterpart, which has a circumferential edge at a distance from the free end of the inner conductor tube, so that a bellows-shaped element can be inserted between this peripheral edge of the counterpart and the free end edge of the inner conductor tube. The screw has a coefficient of thermal expansion which is less than the thermal expansion coefficient of the existing example of aluminum inner conductor tube. The bellows-shaped compensation element further consists of a different material compared to the material of the screw and the inner conductor tube.

Im Falle einer Temperaturzunahme mit einer entsprechenden Vergrößerung der Axiallänge des Innenleiterrohres wird durch diese Kompensationseinrichtung sichergestellt, dass das balgförmige Kompensationselement entsprechend weiter zusammengepresst wird, da sich die Gesamtkonstruktion aus Schraube und Gegenstück in der Gesamtlänge demgegenüber nur geringfügig in der Länge ändert.In the case of an increase in temperature with a corresponding increase in the axial length of the inner conductor tube is ensured by this compensation device that the bellows-shaped compensation element is further compressed accordingly further, since the overall construction of screw and counterpart changes in the overall length contrast only slightly in length.

Diese Ausführungsform weist aber auch diverse Nachteile auf, da zusätzliche Elemente notwendig sind, das balgförmige Element an der umlaufenden Stirnwand des Innenleiterrohrs angeschweißt werden muss etc.. Auch Intermodulationsprobleme können dadurch bedingt sein.However, this embodiment also has various disadvantages, since additional elements are necessary, the bellows-shaped element has to be welded to the circumferential end wall of the inner conductor tube, etc. Intermodulation problems may also be caused thereby.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es demgegenüber, ein Hochfrequenzfilter in koaxialer Bauweise zu schaffen, der einfacher zu fertigen ist als aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Filter und dessen Hochfrequenzeigenschaften auf einfache Weise verändert werden können.The object of the invention is in contrast to provide a high-frequency filter in coaxial design, which is easier to manufacture than known from the prior art filter and its high-frequency properties can be changed in a simple manner.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst. Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved according to the features specified in claim 1. Further developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

Das erfindungsgemäße Hochfrequenzfilter zeichnet sich unter anderem dadurch aus, dass es mechanisch mit wenigstens einem Abschnitt des Innenleiterrohres verbunden ist, also mehr oder weniger direkt auf das Innenleiterrohr einwirkt. Von daher bedarf es keines weiteren zusätzlich vorgesehenen Ausgleichselementes, welches bei einer temperaturbedingten Verlängerung des Innenleiterrohres quasi gestaucht oder verkürzt wird, wie dies in dem gattungsbildenden Stand der Technik gemäß der US 6 407 651 B1 vorgesehen ist.The high-frequency filter according to the invention is characterized inter alia by the fact that it is mechanically connected to at least a portion of the inner conductor tube, that acts more or less directly on the inner conductor tube. Therefore, there is no need for any additional compensation element, which is quasi compressed or shortened at a temperature-induced extension of the inner conductor tube, as in the generic state of the art according to the US Pat. No. 6,407,651 B1 is provided.

In dem erfindungsgemäßen Hochfrequenzfilter besteht das Innenleiterrohr aus wenigstens einem ersten Material und das Kompensationselement aus wenigstens einem zweiten Material. Der Begriff Innenleiterrohr ist hierbei allgemein zu verstehen und umfasst jede Art von pfahlförmigen Elementen mit innerem Hohlraum. Insbesondere kann das Innenleiterrohr im Querschnitt beliebige Formen annehmen, z.B. eine Vierkant-, Sechskant- oder eine zylindrische Form und dergleichen. Die Materialien sind derart verbunden, dass das wenigstens eine zweite Material auf das wenigstens eine erste Material zumindest eines Teilabschnitts des Innenleiterrohrs mechanisch derart einwirkt, dass die Temperaturausdehnung des ersten Materials und/oder die Länge des Innenleiterrohrs beeinflusst wird Dies wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch realisiert, dass das Innenleiterrohr aus einem Material besteht, welches einen größeren Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizient aufweist als das Material des Kompensationselementes. Somit wird also erreicht, dass durch die mechanische Verbindung zwischen erstem und zweitem Material Eigenschaften des zweiten Materials das erste Material beeinflussen. Mit anderen Worten wird also der Temperaturausdehnungskoeffizient des zweiten Materials, also des Kompensationselementes, dem ersten Material, also dem Innenleiterrohr, "aufgezwungen". Wird der Temperaturausdehnungskoeffizient des zweiten Materials geringer als der des ersten gewählt, kann auf diese Weise eine Temperaturkompensation stattfinden. Darüber hinaus kann die Länge des Innenleiterrohrs durch mechanische Kraftausübung des Kompensationselementes auf das Innenleiterrohr beeinflusst werden. In dem erfindungsgemäßen Hochfrequenzfilter kann vorzugweise darauf verzichtet werden, das Innenleiterrohr separat aus einem anderen Material als das Gehäuse zu fertigen. Somit wird die Herstellung des Filters erleichtert, da keine mechanischen Toleranzen beim Zusammenfügen unterschiedlicher Materialien auftreten und keine Sonderwerkzeuge zur Montage benötigt werden. Ferner werden Intermodulationsprobleme vermieden, da keine Störstellen an Verbindungspunkten zwischen unterschiedlichen Materialen vorliegen. Darüber hinaus kann die mechanische Krafteinwirkung des zweiten Materials auf das erste Material leicht beeinflusst werden, so dass das Filter wesentlich schneller und einfacher zu optimieren ist.In the high-frequency filter according to the invention, the inner conductor tube consists of at least a first material and the compensation element of at least one second material. The term inner conductor tube is to be understood in this case and includes any type of pile-shaped elements with inner cavity. In particular, the inner conductor tube can assume any shape in cross section, for example a square, hexagonal or a cylindrical shape and the like. The materials are connected in such a way that the at least one second material acts mechanically on the at least one first material of at least one subsection of the inner conductor tube in such a way that the temperature expansion This is inventively realized in that the inner conductor tube consists of a material which has a larger coefficient of thermal expansion than the material of the compensation element. Thus, it is thus achieved that, due to the mechanical connection between the first and second material, properties of the second material influence the first material. In other words, therefore, the temperature expansion coefficient of the second material, so the compensation element, the first material, ie the inner conductor tube, "forced". If the coefficient of thermal expansion of the second material is chosen to be lower than that of the first one, a temperature compensation can take place in this way. In addition, the length of the inner conductor tube can be influenced by mechanical force exerted by the compensation element on the inner conductor tube. In the high-frequency filter according to the invention may preferably be waived to manufacture the inner conductor tube separately from a different material than the housing. Thus, the production of the filter is facilitated because no mechanical tolerances occur when assembling different materials and no special tools are needed for installation. Furthermore, intermodulation problems are avoided since there are no defects at junctions between different materials. In addition, the mechanical force of the second material on the first material can be easily influenced so that the filter is much faster and easier to optimize.

Erfindungsgemäß ist das Kompensationselement im Bereich des freien Endes des Innenleiterrohrs und/oder im Wesentlichen innerhalb des Innenleiterrohrs angeordnet, also vorzugsweise unterhalb des freien Endes des Innenleiterrohres, so dass das Material des Kompensationselementes selbst die Kopf-Kapazität im Wesentlichen nicht direkt beeinflusst. Ferner kann das Kompensationselement lösbar mit dem Innenleiterrohr verbunden sein, so dass je nach Einsatzzweck das Kompensationselement gegen ein anderes ausgetauscht werden kann.According to the invention, the compensation element is in the region of the free end of the inner conductor tube and / or substantially disposed within the inner conductor tube, that is preferably below the free end of the inner conductor tube, so that the material of the compensation element itself does not directly affect the head capacitance substantially. Furthermore, the compensation element can be releasably connected to the inner conductor tube, so that depending on the purpose of the compensation element can be exchanged for another.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Variante übt das Kompensationselement eine im Wesentlichen auf den Gehäuseboden gerichtete Kraft auf den zumindest einen Teilabschnitt des Innenleiterrohrs aus, wodurch auf einfache Weise eine Beeinflussung der Temperaturausdehnung des ersten Materials sowie eine Verminderung des Länge des Innenleiterrohrs durch die nach unten gerichtete Kraft erreicht werden kann. In einer weiteren Variante ist der wenigstens eine Teilabschnitt des Innenleiterrohrs ein Abschnitt mit geringerer Dicke des Innenleiterrohrs. Das erste Material des Innenleiterrohrs setzt somit dem zweiten Material des Kompensationselementes weniger Kraft entgegen, so dass eine mit dem Kompensationselement bewirkte Temperaturkompensation verstärkt wird.In a particularly preferred variant, the compensation element exerts a force directed substantially at the housing bottom on the at least one section of the inner conductor tube, thereby easily affecting the temperature expansion of the first material and a reduction in the length of the inner conductor tube by the downward force can be. In a further variant, the at least one section of the inner conductor tube is a section with a smaller thickness of the inner conductor tube. The first material of the inner conductor tube thus sets less force against the second material of the compensation element, so that a temperature compensation effected with the compensation element is intensified.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Variante ist das wenigstens eine zweite Material des Kompensationselementes ein Material mit einer höheren Zugfestigkeit als das wenigstens eine erste Material des Innenleiterrohrs. Vorzugsweise ist die Zugfestigkeit des wenigstens einen zweiten Materials um wenigstens 100%, vorzugsweise wenigstens 150%, besonders bevorzugt um wenigstens 200% größer als die Zugfestigkeit des wenigstens einen ersten Materials. Darüber hinaus kann der Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizient des ersten Materials größer sein als der des zweiten Materials, und zwar insbesondere um wenigstens 50%, vorzugsweise um wenigstens 100%, besonders bevorzugt um wenigstens 130 %. Das Innenleiterrohr kann beispielsweise aus Aluminium gefertigt sein und das Kompensationselement kann aus Stahl und/oder Keramik bestehen.In a particularly preferred variant, the at least one second material of the compensation element is a material with a higher tensile strength than the at least one first material of the inner conductor tube. Preferably, the tensile strength of the at least one second material is at least 100%, preferably at least 150%, more preferably at least 200% greater than the tensile strength of the at least one first material. In addition, the thermal expansion coefficient of the first Material be greater than that of the second material, in particular by at least 50%, preferably at least 100%, more preferably at least 130%. The inner conductor tube may for example be made of aluminum and the compensation element may be made of steel and / or ceramic.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Variante der Erfindung ist das Kompensationselement im Wesentlichen nicht nur im Inneren des Innenleiterrohrs aufgenommen, sondern zudem mechanisch mit einem Innenflächenabschnitt des Innenleiterrohrs verbunden. Der Innenflächenabschnitt kann hierbei am unteren Ende, im mittleren Bereich oder am oberen Ende des Innenleiterrohrs liegen. Auf diese Weise kann die Größe des Teilabschnitts verändert werden, auf die das zweite Material des Kompensationselementes einwirkt. Je höher der Innenflächenabschnitt im Innenleiterrohr positioniert ist, um so größer wird die Kompensation der Längenausdehnung des Materials, sofern das Kompensationselement eine auf dem Gehäuseboden gerichtete Kraft ausübt. Vorzugsweise ist der Gehäuseboden des Außenleitergehäuses an seiner Unterseite mit einer Öffnung zum Inneren des Innenleiterrohrs versehen, über welche das Kompensationselement auf einfache Weise zugänglich ist.In a particularly preferred variant of the invention, the compensation element is substantially not only accommodated in the interior of the inner conductor tube, but also mechanically connected to an inner surface section of the inner conductor tube. The inner surface portion may in this case lie at the lower end, in the central region or at the upper end of the inner conductor tube. In this way, the size of the sub-section can be changed, which acts on the second material of the compensation element. The higher the inner surface portion is positioned in the inner conductor tube, the greater the compensation of the elongation of the material, provided that the compensation element exerts a force directed on the housing bottom force. Preferably, the housing bottom of the outer conductor housing is provided on its underside with an opening to the interior of the inner conductor tube, via which the compensation element is accessible in a simple manner.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Variante ist die Kraft, mit der das wenigstens eine zweite Material des Kompensationselementes auf das wenigstens eine erste Material des Innenleiterrohrs einwirkt, veränderbar. Dies erfolgt in einer besonders bevorzugten Variante der Erfindung mit einem Kompensationselement, das durch eine im Inneren des Innenleiterrohrs positionierte Schraube gebildet wird, die in wenigstens einem im Inneren des Innenleiterrohrs ausgebildeten Gewindeabschnitt eingeschraubt ist. Der wenigstens eine Gewindeabschnitt kann beliebig im Inneren des Innenleiterrohrs positioniert werden, insbesondere kann er im unteren Teil, im mittleren Teil oder im oberen Teil des Innenleiterrohrs liegen, wodurch die Stärke der Kompensation beeinflusst wird. In einer bevorzugten Variante ist an einem Ende der Schraube ein Schraubwerkzeug zum Verdrehen der Schraube positionierbar ist, wobei dieses Ende an der Öffnung an der Unterseite des Gehäusebodens angeordnet ist. Somit kann von außen in einfacher Weise die Zugkraft der Schraube auf das Innenleiterrohr beeinflusst werden und das Filter abgestimmt werden.In a further preferred variant, the force with which the at least one second material of the compensation element acts on the at least one first material of the inner conductor tube can be changed. This is done in a particularly preferred variant of the invention with a compensation element which is formed by a screw positioned in the interior of the inner conductor tube, which is formed in at least one inside the inner conductor tube Threaded section is screwed. The at least one threaded section can be positioned arbitrarily in the interior of the inner conductor tube, in particular it can be in the lower part, in the middle part or in the upper part of the inner conductor tube, whereby the strength of the compensation is influenced. In a preferred variant, a screwing tool for rotating the screw can be positioned at one end of the screw, wherein this end is arranged at the opening at the bottom of the housing bottom. Thus, the tensile force of the screw can be influenced on the inner conductor tube from the outside in a simple manner and the filter can be tuned.

In einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist die Schraube einen inneren Hohlraum auf. Vorzugsweise ist ferner wenigstens ein an oder benachbart zum freien Ende des Innenleiterrohrs angeordnetes Abstimmelement umfassend metallisches und/oder dielektrisches Material vorgesehen. Das Abstimmelement kann beispielsweise in einem auf der Gehäuseoberseite des Außenleitergehäuses positionierten Deckel angeordnet sein, es ist jedoch auch möglich, dass das Abstimmelement wenigstens teilweise im Innenleiterrohr positioniert ist. Im letzteren Fall ist das Abstimmelement vorzugsweise wenigstens teilweise im inneren Hohlraum der Schraube aufgenommen, wobei der innere Hohlraum hierzu insbesondere einen Innengewindeabschnitt an seinem benachbart zum freien Ende des Innenleiterrohrs liegenden Ende zum Einschrauben des Abstimmelementes aufweist.In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the screw has an inner cavity. Preferably, at least one arranged on or adjacent to the free end of the inner conductor tube tuning element comprising metallic and / or dielectric material is further provided. The tuning element may, for example, be arranged in a cover positioned on the housing upper side of the outer conductor housing, but it is also possible that the tuning element is at least partially positioned in the inner conductor tube. In the latter case, the tuning element is preferably at least partially received in the inner cavity of the screw, wherein the inner cavity for this purpose in particular has a female threaded portion at its lying adjacent to the free end of the inner conductor tube end for screwing the tuning element.

Das Außenleitergehäuse ist vorzugsweise einstückig mit dem Innenleiterrohr, beispielsweise als Fräs- oder Gussteil ausgebildet, so dass keine Intermodulationsprobleme durch Stoßstellen im Filter auftreten. Das erfindungsgemäße Filter kann beispielsweise als Duplexweiche, Bandpassfilter oder Bandsperrfilter ausgebildet sein.The outer conductor housing is preferably formed integrally with the inner conductor tube, for example as a milling or casting, so that no intermodulation problems Butt joints in the filter occur. The filter according to the invention can be designed, for example, as a duplexer, bandpass filter or band-stop filter.

Das erfindungsgemäße Hochfrequenzfilter kann zudem optimal hergestellt werden. Dazu wird ein Außenleitergehäuse mit einem Gehäuseboden und einer Gehäusewand hergestellt, wobei im Inneren des Außenleitergehäuses wenigstens ein Innenleiterrohr aus wenigstens einem ersten Material ausgebildet oder angeordnet wird. Anschließend wird wenigstens ein Kompensationselement aus wenigstens einem zweiten Material mit dem Innenleiterrohr verbunden und schließlich erfolgt die Abstimmung der elektrischen Hochfrequenzeigenschaften des Filters dadurch, dass die mechanische Kraft, die das wenigstens eine zweite Material des Kompensationselementes auf das wenigstens eine erste Material des Innenleiterrohrs ausübt, entsprechend eingestellt wird. Bei dem Herstellungsverfahren wird das wenigstens eine Innenleiterrohr vorzugsweise einstückig mit dem Außenleitergehäuse ausgebildet, wodurch die Fertigung des Filters stark vereinfacht wird.The high-frequency filter according to the invention can also be optimally manufactured. For this purpose, an outer conductor housing is produced with a housing bottom and a housing wall, wherein at least one inner conductor tube made of at least one first material is formed or arranged in the interior of the outer conductor housing. Subsequently, at least one compensation element of at least one second material is connected to the inner conductor tube and finally the tuning of the high-frequency electrical characteristics of the filter takes place in that the mechanical force that exerts the at least one second material of the compensation element on the at least one first material of the inner conductor tube accordingly is set. In the manufacturing method, the at least one inner conductor tube is preferably formed integrally with the outer conductor housing, whereby the manufacture of the filter is greatly simplified.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachfolgend detailliert anhand der beigefügten Figuren beschrieben.Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Es zeigen:

Figur 1:
eine geschnittene Seitenansicht eines Resonators einer ersten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemä- ßen Hochfrequenzfilters;
Figur 1A:
eine Detailansicht des Ausschnitts X der Figur 1;
Figur 2:
eine geschnittene Seitenansicht eines Resonators einer zweiten Ausführungsform des erfindungs- gemäßen Hochfrequenzfilters;
Figur 3:
eine geschnittene Seitenansicht eines Resonators einer dritten Ausführungsform des erfindungs- gemäßen Hochfrequenzfilters;
Figur 3A:
eine Detailansicht des Ausschnitts Y der Figur 3;
Figur 4:
eine geschnittene Seitenansicht eines Resonators einer vierten Ausführungsform des erfindungs- gemäßen Hochfrequenzfilters.
Show it:
FIG. 1:
a sectional side view of a resonator of a first embodiment of the inventive high-frequency filter;
FIG. 1A
a detailed view of the section X the FIG. 1 ;
FIG. 2:
a sectional side view of a resonator of a second embodiment of the inventive high-frequency filter;
FIG. 3:
a sectional side view of a resonator of a third embodiment of the inventive high-frequency filter;
FIG. 3A:
a detail view of the section Y the FIG. 3 ;
FIG. 4:
a sectional side view of a resonator of a fourth embodiment of the inventive high-frequency filter.

Figur 1 zeigt in geschnittener Seitenansicht einen Resonator, der in einer ersten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Hochfrequenzfilters verwendet wird. Das Hochfrequenzfilter selbst kann aus einer Vielzahl von solchen Resonatoren bestehen. Der Resonator der Figur 1 umfasst ein Außenleitergehäuse 1 mit einem Gehäuseboden 1a, aus dem sich eine umlaufende Gehäusewand 1b erstreckt. In der Gehäusewand können Koppelöffnungen zur elektrischen Verkopplung zu benachbarten Resonatoren vorgesehen sein, und die Gehäuse aller Resonatoren können integral aus einem Material gebildet sein. In dem Gehäuseboden 1a ist einstückig ein Innenleiter in der Form eines zylindrischen Innenleiterrohrs 2 ausgebildet, wobei das Innenleiterrohr mittig innerhalb des durch die Gehäusewand 1b gebildeten Hohlraums angeordnet ist. Auf der Oberseite des Außenleitergehäuses 1 ist ein Deckel 3 mittels mehrerer Schrauben 4 angeschraubt. Es ist auch denkbar, dass der Deckel nicht an der Gehäuseoberseite befestigt ist, sondern dass der Deckel an seinem Rand einen oberen Teil der Gehäusewand umfasst, der mit einem unteren Teil der Gehäusewand in einem Bereich zwischen Gehäuseoberseite und Gehäuseboden verbunden ist. Ggf. kann der Deckel auch die gesamte Gehäusewand umfassen und auf dem Gehäuseboden mit dem Außenleitergehäuse verbunden sein. In der Mitte des Deckels befindet sich ein Abstimmelement 5, das eine Einpressbuchse 5a umfasst, die in den Deckel 3 eingepresst ist und einen oberen Abschnitt 501 oberhalb des Deckels sowie einen unteren Abschnitt 502 unterhalb des Deckels aufweist. In der Einpressbuchse ist ein Innengewinde vorgesehen, in das eine Abstimmspitze 5b eingeschraubt ist, die aus dem unteren Ende der Einpressbuchse 5a vorsteht. Die Abstimmspitze weist an ihrem oberen, in der Einpressbuchse befindlichen Ende eine Sechskantaufnahme (nicht gezeigt) auf, so dass mit einem entsprechenden Sechskantschlüssel der Abstand der Abstimmspitze zum oberen, freien Ende 2a des Innenleiterrohrs 2 verändert werden kann. Diese Abstandsänderung hat wiederum Einfluss auf die Kapazität zwischen Innenleiterrohr und Deckel, wodurch sich die Resonanzfrequenz des Resonators beeinflussen lässt und sich somit das Hochfrequenzfilter abstimmen lässt. Die Einpressbuchse und die Abstimmspitze können beide beispielsweise aus Messing bestehen. FIG. 1 shows in sectional side view a resonator which is used in a first embodiment of the high-frequency filter according to the invention. The high frequency filter itself may consist of a plurality of such resonators. The resonator of FIG. 1 comprises an outer conductor housing 1 with a housing bottom 1a, from which a circumferential housing wall 1b extends. Coupling openings may be provided in the housing wall for electrical coupling to adjacent resonators, and the housings of all the resonators may be formed integrally from a material. In the housing bottom 1a is integrally formed an inner conductor in the form of a cylindrical inner conductor tube 2, wherein the inner conductor tube is arranged centrally within the cavity formed by the housing wall 1b. On the upper side of the outer conductor housing 1, a cover 3 is screwed by means of a plurality of screws 4. It is also conceivable that the lid is not attached to the upper side of the housing, but that the lid comprises at its edge an upper part of the housing wall, which is connected to a lower part of the housing wall in a region between the housing upper side and the housing bottom. Possibly. For example, the cover may also comprise the entire housing wall and be connected to the outer conductor housing on the housing bottom. In the center of the lid is a tuning element 5, which comprises a press-fit bushing 5a, which is pressed into the lid 3 and has an upper portion 501 above the lid and a lower portion 502 below the lid. In the Einpressbuchse an internal thread is provided, into which a tuning tip 5b is screwed, which protrudes from the lower end of the press-fit 5a. The tuning tip has at its upper, located in the Einpressbuchse end a hexagonal socket (not shown), so that with a corresponding hex wrench, the distance of the tuning tip to the upper, free end 2a of the inner conductor tube 2 can be changed. This change in distance in turn has an influence on the capacitance between the inner conductor tube and cover, which can influence the resonant frequency of the resonator and thus tune the high-frequency filter. The press-in bushing and the tuning tip can both be made of brass, for example.

Im Inneren des Innenleiterrohrs ist ein Kompensationseinrichtung 6 vorgesehen, die nachfolgend teilweise auch als Kompensationselement 6 bezeichnet wird. Sie umfasst eine Kompensationsschraube 6', die nachfolgende teilweise auch als Schraube 6' bezeichnet wird, welche ein durch einen verdickten Rand angedeutetes Außengewinde 6a und einen Schraubenkopf 6b umfasst. Die Schraube 6' wurde durch eine Öffnung 1c im Boden des Gehäuses 1 über die Unterseite des Bodens in das Innenleiterrohr 2 eingesetzt und am freien Ende 2a mit dem Innenleiterrohr 2 verschraubt. Das Innenleiterrohr weist hierzu am Ende 2a einen verdickten Abschnitt auf, an dem ein Innengewinde 2b vorgesehen ist, das durch dick gezeichnete Linien angedeutet ist. Das Innengewinde 2b und das Außengewinde 6a passen ineinander, so dass die Schraube 6' im Innenleiterrohr 2 eingeschraubt werden kann. Hierzu sind am Schraubenkopf 6b ein oder mehrere Schlitze oder ein Innensechskant vorgesehen, um ein Schraubwerkzeug zum Verdrehen der Kompensationsschraube einzuführen. In Figur 1 ist die Länge der Schraube 6' derart gewählt, dass nur ein kleiner vorderer Abschnitt 6c des Außengewindes 6a in das untere Ende des Innengewindes 2b eingreift. Wie aus den Zeichnungen zu entnehmen ist, stützt sich der Schraubenkopf 6b versetzt zum Innengewinde 2b am Innenleiterrohr 2 und/oder in oder am Gehäuseboden 1a ab. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, dass die Schraube länger ausgestaltet ist und weiter in das Innengewinde 2b eingeschraubt ist.In the interior of the inner conductor tube, a compensation device 6 is provided, which is also referred to below as a compensation element 6. It comprises a compensation screw 6 ', which is also referred to below as a screw 6', which comprises an outer thread 6a indicated by a thickened edge and a screw head 6b. The screw 6 'was passed through an opening 1c in the bottom of the housing 1 via the bottom of the Bottom used in the inner conductor tube 2 and bolted to the inner conductor tube 2 at the free end 2a. The inner conductor tube has for this purpose at the end 2a to a thickened portion on which an internal thread 2b is provided, which is indicated by thick lines drawn. The internal thread 2b and the external thread 6a fit into one another, so that the screw 6 'can be screwed into the inner conductor tube 2. For this purpose, one or more slots or a hexagon socket are provided on the screw head 6b to introduce a screwing tool for rotating the compensation screw. In FIG. 1 the length of the screw 6 'is selected such that only a small front portion 6c of the external thread 6a engages in the lower end of the internal thread 2b. As can be seen from the drawings, the screw head 6b is supported offset from the internal thread 2b on the inner conductor tube 2 and / or in or on the housing bottom 1a. However, it is also possible that the screw is made longer and is further screwed into the internal thread 2b.

Die Schraube 6' ist innen hohl ausgestaltet und umfasst einen unteren, sich vom Schraubenkopf 6b nach oben erstreckenden zylindrischen Hohlraum 6d mit kleinem Durchmesser, an den sich ein Hohlraum 6e mit größerem Durchmesser anschließt, der sich bis zur oberen Spitze 6c der Schraube 6' erstreckt. In dem oberen Hohlraum 6e ist ein Innengewinde 6f (mit einer dickeren schwarzen Linie angedeutet) vorgesehen, in das ein weiteres Abstimmelement eingeschraubt werden kann, wie weiter unten noch näher beschrieben wird.The screw 6 'is hollow on the inside and comprises a lower, small diameter cylindrical cavity 6d extending upwardly from the screw head 6b, followed by a larger diameter cavity 6e extending to the upper tip 6c of the screw 6' , In the upper cavity 6e, an internal thread 6f (indicated by a thicker black line) is provided, into which a further tuning element can be screwed, as will be described in more detail below.

Die Schraube 6' besteht vorzugsweise aus einem anderen Material, beispielsweise aus einem anderen Metall oder einer Keramik, als das Außenleitergehäuse 1 und das integral in diesem Gehäuse ausgebildete Innenleiterrohr. Es wird für die Schraube 6' vorzugsweise ein Material verwendet, das eine höhere Zugfestigkeit und einen niedrigeren Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten als das Innenleiterrohr aufweist. Insbesondere ist die Zugfestigkeit des Materials der Schraube um wenigstens 100 %, vorzugsweise um wenigstens 150 % und besonders bevorzugt um wenigstens 200 % größer als die Zugfestigkeit des Materials des Innenleiterrohrs. Der Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizient des Innenleiterrohrs ist vorzugsweise um wenigstens 50 %, insbesondere um wenigstens 100 % und besonders bevorzugt um wenigstens 130 % größer als der Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizient der Schraube. Beispielsweise kann die Schraube 6' aus Stahl bestehen, wohingegen das Innenleiterrohr 2 aus Aluminium besteht. Als Werkstoff für das Innenleiterrohr kommt z.B. Aluminium vom Typ EN AW-5083 in Frage, welches eine Dehngrenze Rp0,2 von mindestens 105 N/mm2 und eine Zugfestigkeit Rm von wenigstens 255 N/mm2 aufweist. Der Temperaturausdehnungskoeffizient dieses Materials beträgt 24,2 x 10-6/K. Als Material für die Schraube kann z.B. Edelstahl vom Typ X17CrNi 16-2 verwendet werden. Dieser Edelstahl hat eine Dehngrenze Rp0,2 von wenigstens 600 N/mm2 und eine Zugfestigkeit Rm von wenigstens 800 N/mm2. Der Temperaturausdehnungsbeiwert dieses Materials liegt bei 10,0 x 10-6/K. Bei den soeben genannten Materialien ergibt sich bei einer Einspannlänge von 48 mm und einer Temperaturdifferenz von 40°C ein Unterschied in der Längenausdehnung von 0,027 mm.The screw 6 'is preferably made of a different material, for example of a different metal or a ceramic, as the outer conductor housing 1 and the inner conductor tube integrally formed in this housing. It is used for the screw 6 'is preferably a material having a higher tensile strength and a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the inner conductor tube. In particular, the tensile strength of the material of the screw is at least 100%, preferably at least 150%, and more preferably at least 200% greater than the tensile strength of the material of the inner conductor tube. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the inner conductor tube is preferably greater than the thermal expansion coefficient of the screw by at least 50%, in particular by at least 100% and particularly preferably by at least 130%. For example, the screw 6 'made of steel, whereas the inner conductor tube 2 is made of aluminum. As the material for the inner conductor tube, for example, aluminum of the type EN AW-5083 is suitable, which has a yield strength R p0.2 of at least 105 N / mm 2 and a tensile strength R m of at least 255 N / mm 2 . The coefficient of thermal expansion of this material is 24.2 × 10 -6 / K. As a material for the screw, for example, type X17CrNi 16-2 stainless steel can be used. This stainless steel has a yield strength R p0.2 of at least 600 N / mm 2 and a tensile strength R m of at least 800 N / mm 2 . The coefficient of thermal expansion of this material is 10.0 x 10 -6 / K. In the case of the materials just mentioned, with a clamping length of 48 mm and a temperature difference of 40 ° C., there is a difference in the length expansion of 0.027 mm.

Die Schraube 6' wird in das obere Gewinde 2b des Innenleiterrohrs mit einem Drehmoment eingeschraubt, so dass eine Zugkraft auf das Innenleiterrohr in Richtung auf den Gehäuseboden ausgeübt wird, welche derart groß ist, dass der Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizient des Materials der Schraube dem Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten des Materials des Innenleiterrohrs "aufgezwungen" wird. Eine Wärmeausdehnung des Materials des Innenleiterrohrs, welche die Wärmeausdehnung der Schraube überschreitet, wird somit durch die Kompensationsschraube 6'* verhindert, da der Innenleiter mit zunehmender Temperatur im elastischen Bereich aufgrund der Zugkraft der Schraube "kurzgehalten" wird.The screw 6 'is screwed into the upper thread 2b of the inner conductor tube with a torque, so that a tensile force is exerted on the inner conductor tube in the direction of the housing bottom, which is so large that the Coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the screw is "imposed" on the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the inner conductor tube. A thermal expansion of the material of the inner conductor tube, which exceeds the thermal expansion of the screw is thus prevented by the compensation screw 6 '*, since the inner conductor with increasing temperature in the elastic region due to the tensile force of the screw "short" is.

Bei herkömmlichen Resonatoren wird die Resonanzfrequenz aufgrund der Erhöhung der mechanischen Länge des Innenleiterrohrs bei Temperaturerhöhungen vermindert. Diesem Effekt wird in dem in Figur 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel dadurch entgegengewirkt, dass die Temperaturausdehnung durch den geringeren Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten der Schraube vermindert wird und gleichzeitig der Abstand zwischen Deckel 3 und freiem Ende 2a des Innenleiterrohrs erhöht wird, was zu einer Abnahme der Kapazität zwischen Deckel und Innenleiterrohr führt. Hierdurch wird eine Verminderung der Resonanzfrequenz bewirkt, so dass das in Figur 1 gezeigte Filter temperaturabhängige Schwankungen der Resonanzfrequenz auf einfache Art und Weise kompensiert. Darüber hinaus wird ein einfaches Abstimmen des Filters durch Veränderung der Zugspannung der Schraube, d. h. durch Verdrehen der Schraube 6' im Innengewinde 2b, ermöglicht. Ein Erhöhen der Zugspannung führt nämlich aufgrund der größeren Zugfestigkeit des Materials der Kompensationsschraube 6' zu einer geringfügigen Verkürzung der mechanischen Länge des Innenleiterrohrs 2, was wiederum die Resonanzfrequenz beeinflusst. Somit kann durch einfaches Verdrehen der Kompensationsschraube 6' die Resonanzfrequenz geeignet abgestimmt werden. Die Stärke der Kompensation kann in dem Filter der Figur 1 auch dadurch beeinflusst werden, dass die Wandstärke des Innenleiterrohrs verändert wird. Je dünnwandiger das Innenleiterrohr ist, desto kleiner ist die Kraft des Innenleiterrohrs, welche der Zugkraft der Schraube bei Wärmeausdehnungen entgegenwirkt. Folglich ist die Kompensation bei dünnen Innenleiterrohren stärker als bei dicken Innenleiterrohren.In conventional resonators, the resonance frequency is reduced due to the increase in the mechanical length of the inner conductor tube with temperature increases. This effect is reflected in the FIG. 1 shown embodiment counteracted by the fact that the temperature expansion is reduced by the lower coefficient of thermal expansion of the screw and at the same time the distance between the lid 3 and free end 2a of the inner conductor tube is increased, resulting in a decrease in the capacity between the lid and inner conductor tube. This causes a reduction of the resonance frequency, so that the in FIG. 1 Filter shown compensated for temperature-dependent fluctuations in the resonant frequency in a simple manner. In addition, a simple tuning of the filter by changing the tension of the screw, ie by turning the screw 6 'in the internal thread 2b, allows. In fact, increasing the tensile stress results in a slight shortening of the mechanical length of the inner conductor tube 2 due to the greater tensile strength of the material of the compensation screw 6 ', which in turn affects the resonant frequency. Thus, by simply turning the compensation screw 6 ', the resonant frequency can be suitably adjusted. The strength of the compensation can be found in the filter FIG. 1 also by it be influenced that the wall thickness of the inner conductor tube is changed. The thinner the inner conductor tube is, the smaller the force of the inner conductor tube, which counteracts the tensile force of the screw at thermal expansions. Consequently, the compensation for thin inner conductor tubes is stronger than for thick inner conductor tubes.

Figur 1A zeigt eine Detailansicht des in Figur 1 gezeigten Ausschnitts X am oberen freien Ende 2a des Innenleiterrohrs 2. Man erkennt hier im Detail den verdickten Abschnitt des Innenleiterrohrs 2 am freien Ende 2a, wobei dieser verdickte Abschnitt am oberen Ende eine zylindrisch umlaufende Schulter 2c aufweist, wodurch eine Öffnung 2d gebildet wird, in welche die Abstimmspitze 5b eingreift. Es ist ferner nochmals detailliert ersichtlich, dass lediglich die vorderste Spitze 6c der Schraube 6' in das Innengewinde 2b des Innenleiterrohrs 2 eingreift. Figure 1A shows a detail view of in FIG. 1 It can be seen in detail the thickened portion of the inner conductor tube 2 at the free end 2a, said thickened portion at the upper end has a cylindrical circumferential shoulder 2c, whereby an opening 2d is formed, in which engages the tuning tip 5b. It can also be seen in detail once again that only the foremost tip 6c of the screw 6 'engages in the internal thread 2b of the inner conductor tube 2.

Figur 2 zeigt eine geschnittene Seitenansicht eines Resonators einer zweiten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Hochfrequenzfilters. Der Resonator der Figur 2 entspricht in seinem Aufbau weitestgehend dem Resonator der Figur 1. Der einzige Unterschied besteht darin, dass anstatt des Abstimmelements 5 im Deckel 3 ein Abstimmelement 5' verwendet wird, das in dem Innengewinde 6f der Kompensationsschraube 6' eingeschraubt ist. Das Abstimmelement 5' umfasst eine Buchse 5b', welche an ihrem unteren Ende zwei Außengewindeabschnitte 5c' aufweist, die durch zwei Einschnitte 5d' (mit verdickten Linien angedeutet) voneinander getrennt sind. Im Bereich der Einschnitte 5d' ist die Buchse 5b' leicht gestaucht. Hierdurch wird eine Klemmwirkung der im Innengewinde 6f eingeschraubten Außengewindeabschnitte 5c' bewirkt, so dass das Abstimmelement bei Vibrationen nicht seine Position in der Schraube verändert. In der Buchse 5b' befindet sich das eigentliche Abstimmteil 5a', welches in der Ausführungsform der Figur 2 aus dielektrischem und vorzugsweise keramischem Material besteht und in der Buchse 5b' eingepresst ist. Das Abstimmteil erstreckt sich aus der Buchse 5b' nach oben durch die obere Öffnung im freien Ende 2a des Innenleiterrohrs 2 und beeinflusst ebenfalls die Resonanzfrequenz des Resonators. Die Abstimmung kann durch die Veränderung der Position des Abstimmelements 5' im Innengewinde 6f der Schraube 6' bewirkt werden. FIG. 2 shows a sectional side view of a resonator of a second embodiment of the high-frequency filter according to the invention. The resonator of FIG. 2 corresponds in its structure largely to the resonator of FIG. 1 , The only difference is that instead of the tuning element 5 in the cover 3 a tuning element 5 'is used, which is screwed into the internal thread 6f of the compensation screw 6'. The tuning element 5 'comprises a bushing 5b' which has at its lower end two male threaded portions 5c 'separated by two notches 5d' (indicated by thickened lines). In the area of the cuts 5d ', the bush 5b' is slightly compressed. As a result, a clamping action of the external thread sections screwed into the internal thread 6f becomes 5c 'causes so that the tuning element does not change its position in the screw during vibration. In the socket 5b 'is the actual tuning part 5a', which in the embodiment of the FIG. 2 consists of dielectric and preferably ceramic material and is in the socket 5b 'is pressed. The tuning part extends upwardly from the socket 5b 'through the upper opening in the free end 2a of the inner conductor tube 2 and also affects the resonant frequency of the resonator. The tuning can be effected by changing the position of the tuning element 5 'in the internal thread 6f of the screw 6'.

Figur 3 zeigt eine geschnittene Seitenansicht eines Resonators in einer dritten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Hochfrequenzfilters. Der Aufbau des Filters der Figur 3 ist ähnlich zu dem Filter der Figur 1, insbesondere wird das gleiche, im Deckel 3 befindliche Abstimmelement 5 verwendet. Auch die Kompensationsschraube 6' der Figur 3 entspricht der Kompensationsschraube 6' der Figur 1. Der wesentliche Unterschied des Filters der Figur 3 zu Figur 1 besteht darin, dass der verdickte Abschnitt des Innenleiterrohrs mit dem Innengewinde 2b nicht mehr am oberen, freien Ende 2a des Innenleiterrohrs 2, sondern im mittleren Bereich des Innenleiterrohrs angeordnet ist. FIG. 3 shows a sectional side view of a resonator in a third embodiment of the high-frequency filter according to the invention. The construction of the filter FIG. 3 is similar to the filter of FIG. 1 , In particular, the same, located in the cover 3 tuning element 5 is used. Also, the compensation screw 6 'of FIG. 3 corresponds to the compensation screw 6 'of FIG. 1 , The main difference of the filter FIG. 3 to FIG. 1 is that the thickened portion of the inner conductor tube with the internal thread 2b is no longer located at the upper, free end 2a of the inner conductor tube 2, but in the central region of the inner conductor tube.

Eine detaillierte Darstellung des Ausschnitts Y, welche den verdickten Abschnitt im mittleren Bereich des Innenleiterrohrs 2 zeigt, ist hierbei aus Figur 3A ersichtlich. Analog zur Ausführungsform der Figur 1 wird die Kompensationseinrichtung 6 in Form einer Schraube 6' mit dem Außengewinde 6a in das Innengewinde 2b derart eingeschraubt, dass der Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizient der Schraube dem Innenleiterrohr aufgezwungen wird. Im Unterschied zu Figur 1 wirkt sich die hierdurch bewirkte Kompensation der Wärmeausdehnung jedoch nicht auf die gesamte Länge des Innenleiterrohrs aus, sondern nur auf den unteren Abschnitt des Innenleiterrohrs, der sich von dem verdickten Abschnitt des Innengewindes 2b bis zur Oberseite des Gehäusebodens 1a erstreckt. Im Bereich oberhalb des Gewindes 2b dehnt sich das Innenleiterrohr 2 gemäß seinem eigenen Temperaturausdehnungskoeffizienten aus. Da der Temperaturausdehnungskoeffizient des Materials des Innenleiterrohrs vorzugsweise größer als der Koeffizient der Kompensationsschraube ist, erfolgt in der Ausführungsform der Figur 3 bei Temperaturerhöhungen eine größere Ausdehnung der Gesamtlänge des Innenleiterrohrs, so dass sich die Resonanzfrequenz aufgrund der sich stärker vergrößernden mechanischen Länge des Resonators und des sich weniger stark vergrößernden Abstands zwischen Deckel 3 und freiem Ende 2a des Innenleiterrohrs stärker verändert. Man kann somit in einfacher Weise die Stärke der Temperaturkompensation anpassen, indem der Abschnitt des Innenleiterrohrs, auf den die Zugkraft der Kompensationsschraube wirkt, verändert wird. Es ist hierbei auch möglich, dass der Gewindeabschnitt 2b noch weiter nach unten bis zum Fußpunkt des Innenleiterrohrs verschoben wird, wobei bei immer tiefer liegendem Gewindeabschitt 2b die Temperaturkompensation immer geringer wird. Analog zu Figur 1 kann auch durch Erhöhung des Anzugsmoments der Schraube 6' die Länge des Innenleiterrohrs 2 verändert werden, so dass durch die Kompensationsschraube 6' auch eine Abstimmung des Filters erreicht werden kann.A detailed view of the section Y, which shows the thickened portion in the central region of the inner conductor tube 2, is hereby made FIG. 3A seen. Analogous to the embodiment of the FIG. 1 the compensation device 6 is screwed in the form of a screw 6 'with the external thread 6a in the internal thread 2b such that the thermal expansion coefficient of the screw Inner conductor tube is imposed. In contrast to FIG. 1 However, the compensation of the thermal expansion caused thereby does not affect the entire length of the inner conductor tube, but only on the lower portion of the inner conductor tube extending from the thickened portion of the inner thread 2b to the top of the housing bottom 1a. In the region above the thread 2b, the inner conductor tube 2 expands according to its own coefficient of thermal expansion. Since the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the inner conductor tube is preferably greater than the coefficient of the compensation screw, takes place in the embodiment of FIG. 3 at temperature increases a greater extension of the total length of the inner conductor tube, so that the resonant frequency changes more due to the more increasing mechanical length of the resonator and the less increasing distance between the cover 3 and the free end 2a of the inner conductor tube. One can thus easily adjust the strength of the temperature compensation by changing the portion of the inner conductor tube, on which the tensile force of the compensation screw acts. It is also possible in this case for the threaded section 2b to be displaced even further down to the base point of the inner conductor tube, the temperature compensation becoming ever smaller as the thread section 2b becomes deeper and deeper. Analogous to FIG. 1 can be changed by increasing the torque of the screw 6 ', the length of the inner conductor tube 2, so that by the compensation screw 6' and a vote of the filter can be achieved.

Figur 4 zeigt eine geschnittene Seitenansicht eines Resonators einer vierten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Hochfrequenzfilters. Die Ausführungsform der Figur 4 entspricht im Wesentlichen der Ausführungsform der Figur 3. Insbesondere ist das Innenleiterrohr und die Kompensationsschraube sowie das Gehäuse identisch zu Figur 3 ausgestaltet. Im Unterschied zu Figur 3 wird jedoch das Abstimmelement 5' verwendet, das bereits in Figur 2 beschrieben wurde. Dieses Abstimmelement wird in das Innengewinde 6f des oberen Hohlraums 6e der Kompensationsschraube 6' eingeschraubt. Da die Bauteile der Ausführungsform der Figur 4 bereits im Vorangegangenen in Bezug auf Figur 1 bzw. Figur 2 beschrieben wurden, wird auf eine detaillierte Beschreibung der Figur 4 verzichtet. FIG. 4 shows a sectional side view of a resonator of a fourth embodiment of the invention High-frequency filter. The embodiment of the FIG. 4 corresponds substantially to the embodiment of the FIG. 3 , In particular, the inner conductor tube and the compensation screw and the housing is identical to FIG. 3 designed. In contrast to FIG. 3 However, the tuning element 5 'is used, which is already in FIG. 2 has been described. This tuning element is screwed into the internal thread 6f of the upper cavity 6e of the compensation screw 6 '. Since the components of the embodiment of the FIG. 4 already in relation to FIG. 1 respectively. FIG. 2 will be described on a detailed description of FIG. 4 waived.

Claims (25)

  1. High-frequency filter of a coaxial construction, comprising one or more resonators, at least one of the resonators having the following features:
    - an inner conductor configured as an inner conductor tube (2) and made of at least one first material,
    - an outer conductor housing (1) having a housing base (1a), a housing wall (1b) and a cover (3) which extends from the housing wall (1b) or is positioned on the upper face of the housing, the inner conductor tube (2) being electrically connected to the housing base (1 a) and a free end (2a) of the inner conductor tube (2) being positioned adjacent to the upper face of the housing and/or to the cover (3),
    - a compensation member (6) made of at least one second material, and
    - the at least one first material has a greater thermal expansion coefficient than the at least one second material,
    characterised by the following further features:
    - the compensation member (6) is arranged inside the inner conductor tube (2),
    - and the compensation member (6) is mechanically connected to at least a portion of the inner conductor tube (2), and consequently the compensation member (6) acts upon at least a portion of the inner conductor tube (2) by the exertion of mechanical force, in such a way as to reduce a change in the length of the inner conductor tube (2), this change being due to temperature and taking place of its own accord.
  2. High-frequency filter according to claim 1, characterised in that the compensation member (6) is releasably connected to the inner conductor tube (2).
  3. High-frequency filter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the compensation member (6) exerts a force, which is directed substantially towards the housing base (1a), on the at least one sub-portion of the inner conductor tube (2).
  4. High-frequency filter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the at least one sub-portion is a reduced-thickness portion of the inner conductor tube (2).
  5. High-frequency filter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the at least one second material of the compensation member (6) has a higher tensile strength than the at least one first material of the inner conductor tube (2).
  6. High-frequency filter according to claim 5, characterised in that the tensile strength of the at least one second material is at least 100 %, preferably at least 150 %, more preferably at least 200 % greater than the tensile strength of the at least one first material.
  7. High-frequency filter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the thermal expansion coefficient of the at least one first material is at least 50 %, preferably at least 100 %, more preferably at least 130 % greater than the thermal expansion coefficient of the at least one second material.
  8. High-frequency filter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the at least one first material is aluminium and/or the at least one second material comprises steel and/or ceramic material.
  9. High-frequency filter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the compensation member (6) is mechanically connected to at least a portion of the inner surface of the inner conductor tube (2).
  10. High-frequency filter according to claim 9, characterised in that the at least one portion of the inner surface is positioned in the lower and/or central and/or upper part of the inner conductor tube (2).
  11. High-frequency filter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the housing base (1 a) comprises on the lower face thereof an opening (1 c) to the interior of the inner conductor tube (2), via which opening the compensation member (6) is accessible.
  12. High-frequency filter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the compensation member (6) comprises or consists of a screw (6') which is positioned in the interior of the inner conductor tube (1) and which is screwed into at least one thread portion (2b) formed in the interior of the inner conductor tube (2).
  13. High-frequency filter according to claim 12, characterised in that the screw (6') is inserted into the inner conductor tube (2) via the lower face of the base (1a) through an opening (1c) in the base (1a) of the housing (1) and the free end (2a) of said screw is screwed to the inner conductor tube (2).
  14. High-frequency filter according to either claim 12 or claim 13, characterised in that the lower region of the at least one thread portion (2b) in the inner conductor tube (2) is positioned at the level of or adjacent to the base (1a) and/or in the central region and/or in the upper part of the inner conductor tube (2) adjacent to the free end (2a) thereof.
  15. High-frequency filter according to any one of claims 12 to 14, when dependent on claim 13, characterised in that a key surface accessible from the lower face of the base (1 a) is formed on one end (6b) of the screw (6'), via which key surface the screw (6') can be set in various ways, and in accordance with the various settings, the exertion of force acting on the inner conductor tube (2) via this screw can be adjusted to influence and/or change the actual length of the inner conductor tube (2).
  16. High-frequency filter according to any one of claims 12 to 15, characterised in that the screw (6') comprises an internal cavity (6d, 6e).
  17. High-frequency filter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one tuning member (5, 5') is provided, which is arranged on or adjacent to the free end (2a) of the inner conductor tube (2) and comprises dielectric and/or conductive material.
  18. High-frequency filter according to claim 17, characterised in that the at least one tuning member (5, 5') is fastened to the cover (3) positioned on the upper housing face of the outer conductor housing (1).
  19. High-frequency filter according to either claim 17 or claim 18, characterised in that the at least one tuning member (5, 5') is positioned at least in part in the inner conductor tube (2).
  20. High-frequency filter according to claim 19, when dependent on claim 18, characterised in that the tuning member (5, 5') is arranged at least in part in the internal cavity (6e) of the screw.
  21. High-frequency filter according to claim 20, characterised in that the internal cavity (6d, 6e) comprises, on the end thereof adjacent to the free end (2a) of the inner conductor tube (2), an inner thread portion (6f) for screwing in the tuning member (5, 5').
  22. High-frequency filter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the outer conductor housing (1) is formed in one piece with the inner conductor tube (2), in particular as a milled or cast part.
  23. High-frequency filter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the resonators are configured and coupled in such a way as to form a duplexer.
  24. High-frequency filter according to any one of claims 1 to 22, characterised in that the resonators are configured and coupled in such a way as to form a band-pass filter or a bandstop filter.
  25. Method for tuning a high-frequency filter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the mechanical force exerted on the at least one first material of the inner conductor tube (2) by the at least one second material of the compensation member (6) is used to tune the electrical high-frequency properties of the high-frequency filter.
EP05801877A 2004-12-16 2005-11-10 High-frequency filter and method for tuning a high-frequency filter Not-in-force EP1825559B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004060695A DE102004060695B3 (en) 2004-12-16 2004-12-16 High frequency filter and method for tuning a high frequency filter
PCT/EP2005/012062 WO2006063640A1 (en) 2004-12-16 2005-11-10 High-frequency filter and method for tuning a high-frequency filter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1825559A1 EP1825559A1 (en) 2007-08-29
EP1825559B1 true EP1825559B1 (en) 2010-08-18

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EP (1) EP1825559B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE478450T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102004060695B3 (en)
WO (1) WO2006063640A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009025408B4 (en) 2009-06-18 2011-09-01 Kathrein-Austria Ges.M.B.H. cavity filter
DE102010056048A1 (en) * 2010-12-23 2012-06-28 Kathrein-Werke Kg Tunable high frequency filter
DE102014007927A1 (en) * 2014-05-27 2015-12-03 Kathrein-Werke Kg High frequency-tight housing, in particular high-frequency-proof filter housing
CN108270056B (en) * 2016-12-30 2020-03-17 中国科学院电子学研究所 Coaxial resonant cavity structure capable of fine frequency modulation and frequency modulation method

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6407651B1 (en) * 1999-12-06 2002-06-18 Kathrein, Inc., Scala Division Temperature compensated tunable resonant cavity

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4521754A (en) * 1983-08-29 1985-06-04 International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation Tuning and temperature compensation arrangement for microwave resonators
US5329687A (en) 1992-10-30 1994-07-19 Teledyne Industries, Inc. Method of forming a filter with integrally formed resonators
FI973842A (en) 1997-09-30 1999-03-31 Fertron Oy A coaxial resonator
JP2004349823A (en) * 2003-05-20 2004-12-09 Murata Mfg Co Ltd Resonator device, filter, composite filter device, and communication apparatus

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6407651B1 (en) * 1999-12-06 2002-06-18 Kathrein, Inc., Scala Division Temperature compensated tunable resonant cavity

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ATE478450T1 (en) 2010-09-15
DE502005010116D1 (en) 2010-09-30
EP1825559A1 (en) 2007-08-29
DE102004060695B3 (en) 2006-09-28
WO2006063640A1 (en) 2006-06-22

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