EP1820866A1 - Aluminiumcarbide-free aluminium alloy - Google Patents
Aluminiumcarbide-free aluminium alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1820866A1 EP1820866A1 EP06002809A EP06002809A EP1820866A1 EP 1820866 A1 EP1820866 A1 EP 1820866A1 EP 06002809 A EP06002809 A EP 06002809A EP 06002809 A EP06002809 A EP 06002809A EP 1820866 A1 EP1820866 A1 EP 1820866A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- aluminum alloy
- printing plate
- alloy
- stirring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- CAVCGVPGBKGDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynemethyl(alumanylidynemethylalumanylidenemethylidene)alumane Chemical compound [Al]#C[Al]=C=[Al]C#[Al] CAVCGVPGBKGDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 aluminum carbides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminium flouride Chemical class F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010731 rolling oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/06—Obtaining aluminium refining
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
Definitions
- the invention relates to an aluminum alloy for producing an aluminum strip for lithographic printing plate supports, a process for producing an aluminum alloy for lithographic printing plate support, wherein in the production of the aluminum alloy after the electrolysis of the aluminum oxide, the liquid aluminum is fed to a plurality of purification steps and an aluminum strip for lithographic printing plate support and a corresponding use of the aluminum ribbon for lithographic printing plate supports.
- Print plate supports for lithographic printing from an aluminum alloy must meet very high requirements for their suitability for today's printing technology.
- the pressure plate carrier produced from an aluminum strip must be able to be roughened homogeneously, whereby mechanical, chemical and electrochemical roughening methods and their combination are used.
- the printing plates are often after baking and developing a baking process between 220 to 300 ° C with an annealing time of 3 to 10 min. subjected to cure the applied photoresist.
- various aluminum alloys have been developed to meet the requirement profile.
- further developments in the field of coatings of printing plate support were carried out, which should further improve the stability of the printing plate support during printing and thus their life.
- the object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy for producing an aluminum strip for lithographic printing plate supports and a corresponding aluminum strip for lithographic printing plate supports, from which or with which lithographic printing plate supports can be produced that require the use of almost gas-tight coatings enable.
- the invention has for its object to propose a method for producing a corresponding aluminum alloy and an advantageous use of the aluminum strip for lithographic printing plate support.
- the object indicated above is achieved in that the aluminum alloy has an aluminum carbide content of less than 10 ppm, preferably less than 1 ppm. It has surprisingly been found that printing plate support, which have been made of an aluminum alloy with a correspondingly low Aluminiumcarbidrent allow the use of gas-tight coatings, since the blistering is extremely low. It is believed that the least traces of aluminum carbide (Al 4 C 3 ) and its reaction with Moisture causing formation of methane gas leads to bubble formation under the gas-tight coatings.
- the composition of the aluminum alloy of the printing plate support plays an important role in bubble formation, although it has hitherto been considered that it is essentially a phenomenon attempted through the surface of the printing plate supports.
- Previous aluminum alloys have therefore not been optimized for the lowest possible aluminum carbide content. It turns out, however, that even with an aluminum carbide content of less than 10 ppm, the formation of bubbles drops significantly and corresponding aluminum alloys can be used to produce suitable printing plate supports.
- the aluminum carbide content of the aluminum alloy according to the invention is preferably set to less than 1 ppm, so that blistering is prevented when the pressure plate carrier is gas-tightly coated.
- the further composition of the aluminum alloy preferably corresponds to an aluminum alloy of the type AA1xxx, AA3xxx, AA8xxx, preferably AA1050, or AA3103.
- the aluminum alloys mentioned it is known that they at least partially meet the requirements for lithographic printing plate supports and have hitherto been used for their production.
- the aluminum alloy according to the invention may have the following alloy constituents in% by weight: 0.05% ⁇ Mg ⁇ 0.3%, Mn ⁇ 0.3%, 0.4% ⁇ Fe ⁇ 1%, 0.05% ⁇ Si ⁇ 0.5%, Cu ⁇ 0.04%, Ti ⁇ 0.04%, unavoidable impurities individually max. 0.01%, in total max. 0.05% and balance Al.
- the alternative aluminum alloy comprising the following alloy components in% by weight: 0.1% ⁇ Mg ⁇ 0.3%, Mn ⁇ 0.05%, 0.3% ⁇ Fe ⁇ 0.4%, 0.05% ⁇ Si ⁇ 0.25%, Cu ⁇ 0.04%, Ti ⁇ 0.04%, unavoidable impurities individually max. 0.01%, in total max. 0.05% and balance Al Due to its balanced properties in terms of mechanical stability, chemical and electrochemical Aufrauiana is particularly well suited for the production of lithographic printing plate supports. Again, this aluminum alloy is significantly improved by the reduction of the aluminum carbide content according to the invention in relation to the production of printing plate supports provided with a virtually gas-tight coating.
- the object indicated above is procedurally achieved by reducing the proportion of aluminum carbides in the aluminum alloy to less than 10 ppm, preferably less than 1 ppm, by one or more purification steps.
- the purification steps of aluminum alloys have been aimed at reducing other impurities such as alkaline earth or alkali metals, of course, aluminum carbides were removed from the molten aluminum. For this reason, the aluminum carbide contents of the conventionally produced aluminum alloys were clearly above the values according to the invention.
- very low Aluminiumcarbidgehalte can be achieved in the production of aluminum alloys immediately prior to the casting of the aluminum alloy. The cleaning and processing steps described below Aluminum alloy can therefore be used both individually and in combination according to the invention.
- the liquid aluminum is fed to a stirring station in which inert gases are introduced with stirring into the liquid aluminum, the duration of stirring and blowing of the inert gas into the molten aluminum in the stirring station at least 10 min., preferably 15 min. is. It has hitherto been known that in the stirring station, while blowing in inert gases and stirring, essentially the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals are removed from the aluminum melt. Stirring and gassing times of typically 6 to 8 minutes were for this purpose. sufficient.
- a reduction of the aluminum carbide content of the molten aluminum results from the fact that the liquid aluminum supplied to the stirring station has been obtained at least partially from cold metal.
- Cold metal is already out Aluminum which has undergone some process steps after the electrolysis, for example a stirring station.
- the aluminum carbide content of the supplied cold metal is therefore typically much lower than that of a liquid aluminum originating from the electrolysis. It is believed that the burnup of the graphite electrodes used in the electrolysis contribute to the aluminum carbide content of the aluminum melt produced from alumina.
- the aluminum carbide content of the aluminum alloy according to the invention is additionally reduced further by adding aluminum fluorides to the stirring station during the stirring of the liquid aluminum. These remove the alkali metals sodium, calcium and lithium, but also via oxidation, in particular elements such as titanium and phosphorus. At the same time, however, it was found that the aluminum carbide content of the aluminum melt is also reduced.
- the aluminum is fed to a furnace for adding the alloying constituents, the aluminum being heated in the furnace for at least 15 minutes. up to a maximum of 90 minutes, preferably 30 to 60 minutes. after alloying has taken place in the oven by stirring and adding the alloying ingredients. This ensures that the aluminum carbide compounds usually contained in gas bubbles of the gas previously introduced into the molten aluminum melt can migrate together with them to the surface of the aluminum melt and there form part of the scraps to be removed from the melt.
- the aluminum alloy may be subjected to at least one segregation step in which the aluminum alloy is heated to slightly above the solidus temperature of the aluminum alloy so that molten heavily contaminated phases may be extruded from the aluminum alloy.
- These highly contaminated phases of the aluminum alloy additionally contain aluminum carbide compounds, which can be removed in this way from the aluminum melt.
- the inventive method for producing an aluminum alloy for lithographic Printing plate support with respect to a reduction of the aluminum carbide content further be improved by the aluminum alloy is filtered before the strand or strip casting, the filter has a high filter efficiency for particles having a size of less than or equal to 5 microns. It goes without saying that the filter efficiency of these filters is also high even for larger particles with a size of significantly more than 5 ⁇ m. It has been found that the aluminum carbides are typically present predominantly in impurity particles larger than 10 ⁇ m in size, so that filtering the aluminum alloy provides additional reduction of the aluminum carbide content. Since the filtering of the aluminum alloy takes place immediately before the casting of the aluminum alloy, this step, especially in combination with the previously described measures, a high control value attached.
- two-stage filters which consist of a first ceramic foam filter with a downstream Tiefbettfilter.
- the addition of grain refining material can take place between the two filters in order to ensure the highest possible effectiveness of the ceramic foam filter through the construction of a filter cake and a long service life of the downstream deep bed filter.
- the above-mentioned object is achieved for an aluminum strip for lithographic printing plate supports in that they are produced by continuous or discontinuous casting of an aluminum alloy according to the invention with subsequent hot and / or cold forming is, wherein the aluminum alloy of the invention has been prepared in particular using the method according to the invention.
- the aluminum strip according to the invention then consists of an extremely low-aluminum-carbide material, so that it is ideally suited for the production of printing plate supports with a gas-tight coating.
- An aluminum strip with only a few aluminum carbide compounds on its surface and in the core material can be provided by removing the rolling oil residues on the aluminum strip for lithographic printing plate supports by annealing and degreasing the strip.
- the aluminum strip is subjected to a first degreasing using an acidic or basic medium and then further cleaning using a pickling process so that the removal of aluminum carbide on the surface is even more thorough.
- an aluminum strip with a further reduced amount of aluminum carbide compounds can be provided on its surface.
- the aluminum alloy of the aluminum strip according to the invention itself has very low proportions of aluminum carbide compounds, so that in combination with the almost aluminum carbide-free surface of the aluminum strip, an aluminum strip, ideal for coating with gas-tight coatings, is available for lithographic printing plate supports.
- the above-described object with respect to the use of the aluminum strip is characterized solved that the aluminum strip according to the invention is used for the production of lithographic printing plate supports with a gas-tight coating.
- the production of an aluminum alloy according to the invention begins by an electrolysis 1 of aluminum oxide.
- the liquid aluminum is then fed to a stirring station 2, alternatively or cumulatively to the aluminum obtained directly from aluminum oxide, as shown in the figure, cold metal 3 can be supplied to the stirring station.
- the cold metal contains less aluminum carbide than an aluminum melt produced directly from aluminum oxide, since the latter burns off by burning
- Graphite electrode additionally contains carbon compounds and thus also aluminum carbide.
- the minimum gassing and stirring time should be between 10 and 20 min. lie.
- the aluminum melt is fed to a furnace 4.
- a gas flushing with reactive and / or inert gases are carried out in the furnace 4 and the alloy constituents are added.
- the gas flushing leads to a further reduction of the aluminum carbide content in the aluminum melt.
- the aluminum alloy is in the oven for a certain period of time, so that the gas bubbles previously dissolved in the melt have enough time to get to the surface of the molten aluminum.
- the standing of the melt in the oven can for a period of 15 to 90 min., Preferably from 30 to 60 min. be made.
- the gas bubbles which have reached the surface of the molten aluminum during gas purging with reactive and / or inert gases are skimmed off from the melt by scraping off the aluminum alloy and thus removed from the aluminum alloy.
- the dross then contains the aluminum carbides flushed out of the aluminum melt.
- the liquid aluminum alloy is fed to a rotor degassing 5, which operates, for example, by the SNIF process (Spinning Nozzle Inert Flotation), for example purged with argon and / or chlorine. Due to the fine gas bubbles turn the impurities to the bath surface In particular, the chlorine uptake causes the addition of chlorine to the setting of sodium and calcium contaminants to salts, which are then deposited with the gas bubbles in a scratch layer on the aluminum alloy. The scratching layer is then removed again.
- SNIF process Spinning Nozzle Inert Flotation
- the aluminum alloy according to the invention is preferably subjected to filtering with a filter 6 which has a high filter efficiency for particles having a size of less than or equal to 5 ⁇ m.
- filters 6 having a filter efficiency of at least 50% can be used for these particles. Since aluminum carbides usually adhere to larger particles, usually with a size of about 10 microns, the aluminum carbide content of the aluminum alloy can be effectively reduced by the filtering step further. Subsequently, the aluminum alloy can be fed to a continuous or discontinuous casting process 7, 8.
- the aluminum alloy may be subjected to at least one segregation step in a segregation station, not shown, in which the aluminum alloy is heated to a temperature just above the solidus temperature of the aluminum alloy. Heavily contaminated phases of the aluminum melt melt below the solidus temperature so that they can be pressed out of the molten aluminum and removed. Since the contaminated phases usually also contain aluminum carbides, their proportion in the aluminum alloy according to the invention is further reduced by the optional segregation.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Aluminiumlegierung zur Herstellung eines Aluminiumbandes für lithographische Druckplattenträger, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Aluminiumlegierung für lithographische Druckplattenträger, bei welchem bei der Herstellung der Aluminiumlegierung nach der Elektrolyse des Aluminiumoxids das flüssige Aluminium einer Mehrzahl von Reinigungsschritten zugeführt wird sowie ein Aluminiumband für lithographische Druckplattenträger und eine entsprechende Verwendung des Aluminiumbandes für lithographische Druckplattenträger.The invention relates to an aluminum alloy for producing an aluminum strip for lithographic printing plate supports, a process for producing an aluminum alloy for lithographic printing plate support, wherein in the production of the aluminum alloy after the electrolysis of the aluminum oxide, the liquid aluminum is fed to a plurality of purification steps and an aluminum strip for lithographic printing plate support and a corresponding use of the aluminum ribbon for lithographic printing plate supports.
Druckplattenträger für den lithographischen Druck aus einer Aluminiumlegierung müssen zu deren Eignung für die heutige Drucktechnik sehr hohe Anforderungen erfüllen. Einerseits muss der aus einem Aluminiumband hergestellte Druckplattenträger homogen aufgeraut werden können, wobei mechanische, chemische und elektrochemische Aufrauverfahren sowie deren Kombination angewendet werden. Andererseits werden die Druckplatten nach dem Belichten und Entwickeln häufig einem Einbrennvorgang zwischen 220 bis 300 °C bei einer Glühzeit von 3 bis 10 min. unterzogen, um die aufgebrachte Fotoschicht auszuhärten. Einerseits sind zur Erfüllung des Anforderungsprofils verschieden Aluminiumlegierungen entwickelt worden. Andererseits wurden Weiterentwicklungen im Bereich der Beschichtungen der Druckplattenträger durchgeführt, welche die Standfestigkeit der Druckplattenträger beim Drucken und damit deren Lebensdauer weiter zu verbessern sollen.Print plate supports for lithographic printing from an aluminum alloy must meet very high requirements for their suitability for today's printing technology. On the one hand, the pressure plate carrier produced from an aluminum strip must be able to be roughened homogeneously, whereby mechanical, chemical and electrochemical roughening methods and their combination are used. On the other hand, the printing plates are often after baking and developing a baking process between 220 to 300 ° C with an annealing time of 3 to 10 min. subjected to cure the applied photoresist. On the one hand, various aluminum alloys have been developed to meet the requirement profile. On the other hand, further developments in the field of coatings of printing plate support were carried out, which should further improve the stability of the printing plate support during printing and thus their life.
Gute Ergebnisse haben neuartige Beschichtungen erzielt, die nahezu gasdicht sind. Allerdings neigen die Druckplattenträger, hergestellt aus den bisher zur Verfügung stehenden Aluminiumlegierungen, zur Blasenbildung zwischen dem Druckplattenträger und der Beschichtung. Diese Blasenbildung führt dann schließlich zum Reißen der Beschichtung und damit zum Ausfall der Druckplatte.Good results have been achieved by novel coatings that are almost gas-tight. However, the printing plate supports, made of the aluminum alloys available so far, tend to form bubbles between the printing plate support and the coating. This blistering then eventually leads to cracking of the coating and thus failure of the printing plate.
Hiervon ausgehend liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Aluminiumlegierung zur Herstellung eines Aluminiumbandes für lithographische Druckplattenträger und ein entsprechendes Aluminiumband für lithographische Druckplattenträger zur Verfügung zu stellen, aus welcher bzw. mit welchem lithographische Druckplattenträger hergestellt werden können, die den Einsatz von nahezu gasdichten Beschichtungen ermöglichen. Daneben liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer entsprechenden Aluminiumlegierung sowie eine vorteilhafte Verwendung des Aluminiumbandes für lithographische Druckplattenträger vorzuschlagen.Proceeding from this, the object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy for producing an aluminum strip for lithographic printing plate supports and a corresponding aluminum strip for lithographic printing plate supports, from which or with which lithographic printing plate supports can be produced that require the use of almost gas-tight coatings enable. In addition, the invention has for its object to propose a method for producing a corresponding aluminum alloy and an advantageous use of the aluminum strip for lithographic printing plate support.
Gemäß einer ersten Lehre der vorliegenden Erfindung wird die oben aufgezeigte Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass die Aluminiumlegierung einen Aluminiumcarbidgehalt von kleiner 10 ppm, vorzugsweise kleiner 1 ppm, aufweist. Es hat sich überraschenderweise herausgestellt, dass Druckplattenträger, welche aus einer Aluminiumlegierung mit entsprechend geringem Aluminiumcarbidgehalten hergestellt worden sind, den Einsatz von gasdichten Beschichtungen zulassen, da die Blasenbildung äußerst gering ist. Es wird vermutet, dass geringste Spuren von Aluminiumcarbid (Al4C3) und dessen Reaktion mit Feuchtigkeit unter Bildung von Methangas zur Blasenbildung unter den gasdichten Beschichtungen führt. Überraschenderweise wurde festgestellt, dass insbesondere die Zusammensetzung der Aluminiumlegierung des Druckplattenträgers eine wichtige Rolle bei der Blasenbildung spielt, obwohl man bisher davon ausgegangen war, dass es sich im Wesentlichen um einen durch die Oberfläche der Druckplattenträger versuchtes Phänomen handelt. Bisherige Aluminiumlegierungen wurden daher nicht auf einen möglichst geringen Aluminiumcarbidgehalt optimiert. Es zeigt sich jedoch, dass bereits bei einem Aluminiumcarbidgehalt von weniger als 10 ppm die Blasenbildung deutlich zurück geht und entsprechende Aluminiumlegierungen zur Herstellung geeigneter Druckplattenträger verwendbar sind. Vorzugsweise wird der Aluminiumcarbidgehalt der erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierung auf kleiner als 1 ppm eingestellt, so dass eine Blasenbildung bei gasdichter Beschichtung des Druckplattenträgers verhindert wird.According to a first teaching of the present invention, the object indicated above is achieved in that the aluminum alloy has an aluminum carbide content of less than 10 ppm, preferably less than 1 ppm. It has surprisingly been found that printing plate support, which have been made of an aluminum alloy with a correspondingly low Aluminiumcarbidgehalten allow the use of gas-tight coatings, since the blistering is extremely low. It is believed that the least traces of aluminum carbide (Al 4 C 3 ) and its reaction with Moisture causing formation of methane gas leads to bubble formation under the gas-tight coatings. Surprisingly, it has been found that, in particular, the composition of the aluminum alloy of the printing plate support plays an important role in bubble formation, although it has hitherto been considered that it is essentially a phenomenon attempted through the surface of the printing plate supports. Previous aluminum alloys have therefore not been optimized for the lowest possible aluminum carbide content. It turns out, however, that even with an aluminum carbide content of less than 10 ppm, the formation of bubbles drops significantly and corresponding aluminum alloys can be used to produce suitable printing plate supports. The aluminum carbide content of the aluminum alloy according to the invention is preferably set to less than 1 ppm, so that blistering is prevented when the pressure plate carrier is gas-tightly coated.
Um die weiteren, an einen lithografischen Druckplattenträger gestellten mechanischen, chemischen bzw. elektrochemischen Anforderungen zu gewährleisten, entspricht die weitere Zusammensetzung der Aluminiumlegierung vorzugsweise einer Aluminiumlegierung vom Typ AA1xxx, AA3xxx, AA8xxx, vorzugsweise AA1050, oder AA3103. Von den genannten Aluminiumlegierungen ist bekannt, dass sie zumindest teilweise die gestellten Anforderungen für lithographische Druckplattenträger erfüllen und bisher zu deren Herstellung verwendet wurden. Durch die erfindungemäße Verringerung des Aluminiumcarbidgehaltes auf weniger als 10 ppm bzw. 1 ppm können die guten mechanischen, chemischen und elektrochemischen Eigenschaften der genannten Aluminiumlegierungen auch bei Druckplattenträgern mit einer gasdichten Beschichtung ausgenutzt werden.In order to ensure the further mechanical, chemical or electrochemical requirements imposed on a lithographic printing plate support, the further composition of the aluminum alloy preferably corresponds to an aluminum alloy of the type AA1xxx, AA3xxx, AA8xxx, preferably AA1050, or AA3103. Of the aluminum alloys mentioned, it is known that they at least partially meet the requirements for lithographic printing plate supports and have hitherto been used for their production. By erfindungemäße reduction of Aluminiumcarbidgehaltes to less than 10 ppm or 1 ppm, the good mechanical, chemical and electrochemical properties of the mentioned Aluminum alloys can be exploited even with pressure plate carriers with a gas-tight coating.
Alternativ zu den oben angegebenen Aluminiumlegierungen kann die erfindungsgemäße Aluminiumlegierung die folgenden Legierungsbestandteile in Gew.-% aufweisen:
in Summe max. 0,05 % und Rest Al.As an alternative to the above-mentioned aluminum alloys, the aluminum alloy according to the invention may have the following alloy constituents in% by weight:
in total max. 0.05% and balance Al.
Diese mit einer auf die Anmelderin zurückgehenden europäischen Patentanmeldung mit der Anmeldenummer
Die alternative Aluminiumlegierung, welche die folgenden Legierungsbestandteile in Gew.-% aufweist:
in Summe max. 0,05 % und Rest Al
eignet sich aufgrund ihrer ausgewogenen Eigenschaften bezüglich mechanischer Stabilität, chemischer und elektrochemischer Aufraubarkeit besonders gut zur Herstellung von lithographischen Druckplattenträgern. Wiederum wird diese Aluminiumlegierung in Bezug auf die Herstellung von mit nahezu gasdichter Beschichtung versehener Druckplattenträger durch die erfindungsgemäße Reduktion des Aluminiumcarbidgehaltes entscheidend verbessert.The alternative aluminum alloy comprising the following alloy components in% by weight:
in total max. 0.05% and balance Al
Due to its balanced properties in terms of mechanical stability, chemical and electrochemical Aufraubarkeit is particularly well suited for the production of lithographic printing plate supports. Again, this aluminum alloy is significantly improved by the reduction of the aluminum carbide content according to the invention in relation to the production of printing plate supports provided with a virtually gas-tight coating.
Gemäß einer zweiten Lehre der vorliegenden Erfindung wird die oben aufgezeigte Aufgabe verfahrensmäßig dadurch gelöst, dass durch einen oder mehrere Reinigungsschritt/e der Anteil der Aluminiumcarbide in der Aluminiumlegierung auf kleiner als 10 ppm, vorzugsweise auf kleiner 1 ppm, gesenkt wird. Die Reinigungsschritte von Aluminiumlegierungen zielten bisher auf die Reduzierung anderer Verunreinigungen, wie beispielsweise Erdalkali- oder Alkalimetalle ab, wobei natürlich auch Aluminiumcarbide aus der Aluminiumschmelze entfernt wurden. Die Aluminiumcarbidgehalte der konventionell hergestellten Aluminiumlegierungen lagen aus diesem Grund deutlich über den erfindungsgemäßen Werten. Es hat sich aber gezeigt, dass durch gezieltes Abstimmen einzelner bekannter Reinigungsschritte auf die Entfernung von Aluminiumcarbiden aber auch durch deren Kombination mit konventionellen ausgebildeten Reinigungsschritten sehr geringe Aluminiumcarbidgehalte bei der Herstellung der Aluminiumlegierungen unmittelbar vor dem Gießen der Aluminiumlegierung erreicht werden können. Die nachfolgend beschriebenen Reinigungs- und Verarbeitungsschritte der Aluminiumlegierung können daher erfindungsgemäß sowohl einzeln als auch kombiniert angewendet werden.According to a second teaching of the present invention, the object indicated above is procedurally achieved by reducing the proportion of aluminum carbides in the aluminum alloy to less than 10 ppm, preferably less than 1 ppm, by one or more purification steps. The purification steps of aluminum alloys have been aimed at reducing other impurities such as alkaline earth or alkali metals, of course, aluminum carbides were removed from the molten aluminum. For this reason, the aluminum carbide contents of the conventionally produced aluminum alloys were clearly above the values according to the invention. However, it has been shown that by deliberately tuning individual known cleaning steps to the removal of aluminum carbides but also by their combination with conventional trained cleaning steps very low Aluminiumcarbidgehalte can be achieved in the production of aluminum alloys immediately prior to the casting of the aluminum alloy. The cleaning and processing steps described below Aluminum alloy can therefore be used both individually and in combination according to the invention.
Gemäß einer ersten Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird vorzugsweise nach der Elektrolyse des Aluminiumoxids das flüssige Aluminium einer Rührstation zugeführt, in welcher inerte Gase unter Rühren in das flüssige Aluminium eingebracht werden, wobei die Dauer des Rührens und Einblasens des inerten Gases in die Aluminiumschmelze in der Rührstation mindestens 10 min., vorzugsweise 15 min. beträgt. Bisher war bekannt, dass in der Rührstation unter Einblasen von inerten Gasen und Rühren im Wesentlichen die Alkali- und Erdalkalimetalle aus der Aluminiumschmelze entfernt werden. Hierzu waren Rühr- und Begasungszeiten von typischerweise 6 bis 8 min. ausreichend. Überraschenderweise wurde jedoch festgestellt, dass insbesondere bei der Elektrolyse des Aluminiumoxids in die Aluminiumschmelze gelangter Kohlenstoff, welcher im Wesentlichen zur Bildung von Aluminiumcarbidverbindungen in der Aluminiumschmelze führt, durch eine längere Dauer des Rührens und Einblasens von inerten Gasen deutlich reduziert werden kann. Eine maximale Dauer kann aus diesem Grund nicht angegeben werden. Versuche haben jedoch gezeigt, dass die Dauer des Rührens und Einblasens der Gase auf etwa 15 bis 20 min. verlängert werden kann, um einen Kompromiss zwischen Wirtschaftlichkeit und effektiver Entfernung des Aluminiumcarbids aus der Aluminiumlegierung zu erzielen.According to a first embodiment of the method according to the invention, preferably after the electrolysis of the alumina, the liquid aluminum is fed to a stirring station in which inert gases are introduced with stirring into the liquid aluminum, the duration of stirring and blowing of the inert gas into the molten aluminum in the stirring station at least 10 min., preferably 15 min. is. It has hitherto been known that in the stirring station, while blowing in inert gases and stirring, essentially the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals are removed from the aluminum melt. Stirring and gassing times of typically 6 to 8 minutes were for this purpose. sufficient. Surprisingly, however, it has been found that, especially in the case of the electrolysis of the aluminum oxide into the molten aluminum, which essentially leads to the formation of aluminum carbide compounds in the molten aluminum, can be significantly reduced by a longer duration of stirring and blowing of inert gases. A maximum duration can not be specified for this reason. Experiments have shown, however, that the duration of stirring and blowing the gases to about 15 to 20 min. can be extended to achieve a compromise between economy and effective removal of the aluminum alloy aluminum carbide.
Alternativ oder kumulativ zur verlängerten Rührzeit ergibt sich eine Reduktion des Aluminiumcarbidgehaltes des geschmolzenen Aluminiums dadurch, dass das der Rührstation zugeführte flüssige Aluminium zumindest teilweise aus Kaltmetall gewonnen worden ist. Kaltmetall ist bereits aus einer Elektrolyse von Aluminiumoxid hervorgegangenes Aluminium, welches einige Verfahrensschritte nach der Elektrolyse durchlaufen ist, beispielsweise auch eine Rührstation. Der Aluminiumcarbidgehalt des zugeführten Kaltmetalls ist daher typischerweise wesentlich geringer als der eines aus der Elektrolyse stammenden flüssigen Aluminiums. Es wird vermutet, dass der Abbrand der bei der Elektrolyse verwendeten Graphitelektroden zu dem Aluminiumcarbidgehalt der aus Aluminiumoxid erzeugten Aluminiumschmelze beitragen.Alternatively or cumulatively to the extended stirring time, a reduction of the aluminum carbide content of the molten aluminum results from the fact that the liquid aluminum supplied to the stirring station has been obtained at least partially from cold metal. Cold metal is already out Aluminum which has undergone some process steps after the electrolysis, for example a stirring station. The aluminum carbide content of the supplied cold metal is therefore typically much lower than that of a liquid aluminum originating from the electrolysis. It is believed that the burnup of the graphite electrodes used in the electrolysis contribute to the aluminum carbide content of the aluminum melt produced from alumina.
Der Aluminiumcarbidgehalt der erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierung wird zusätzlich dadurch weiter verringert, dass beim Rühren des flüssigen Aluminiums in der Rührstation Aluminiumfluoride zugegeben werden. Diese entfernen die Alkalimetalle Natrium, Calcium und Lithium aber auch über Oxidation insbesondere Elemente wie Titan und Phosphor. Gleichzeitig konnte jedoch festgestellt werden, dass auch der Aluminiumcarbidgehalt der Aluminiumschmelze reduziert wird.The aluminum carbide content of the aluminum alloy according to the invention is additionally reduced further by adding aluminum fluorides to the stirring station during the stirring of the liquid aluminum. These remove the alkali metals sodium, calcium and lithium, but also via oxidation, in particular elements such as titanium and phosphorus. At the same time, however, it was found that the aluminum carbide content of the aluminum melt is also reduced.
Zur weiteren Reduktion des Aluminiumcarbidgehaltes wird das Aluminium, gemäß einer nächsten weitergebildeten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, zur Zugabe der Legierungsbestandteile einem Ofen zugeführt, wobei das Aluminium in dem Ofen für mindestens 15 min. bis maximal 90 min., vorzugsweise 30 bis 60 min. absteht, nachdem durch Rühren und Zugabe der Legierungsbestandteile das Legieren im Ofen stattgefunden hat. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass die zumeist in Gasbläschen des zuvor in die Aluminiumschmelze eingebrachten Gases enthaltenen Aluminiumcarbidverbindungen mit diesen zusammen an die Oberfläche der Aluminiumschmelze wandern können und dort einen Teil der von der Schmelze zu entfernenden Krätze bilden.To further reduce the aluminum carbide content, the aluminum, according to a further developed embodiment of the process according to the invention, is fed to a furnace for adding the alloying constituents, the aluminum being heated in the furnace for at least 15 minutes. up to a maximum of 90 minutes, preferably 30 to 60 minutes. after alloying has taken place in the oven by stirring and adding the alloying ingredients. This ensures that the aluminum carbide compounds usually contained in gas bubbles of the gas previously introduced into the molten aluminum melt can migrate together with them to the surface of the aluminum melt and there form part of the scraps to be removed from the melt.
Erfolgt im Ofen eine Gasspülung mit reaktiven und/oder inerten Gasen, können nicht nur weitere Aluminiumcarbidverbindungen aus der Aluminiumschmelze mit dem Gas ausgespült werden, sondern auch gleichzeitig die zugegebenen Legierungsbestandteile homogen in der Aluminiumschmelze verteilt werden.If gas purging with reactive and / or inert gases takes place in the furnace, not only can further aluminum carbide compounds from the aluminum melt be flushed out with the gas, but at the same time the added alloy components can be homogeneously distributed in the aluminum melt.
Eine weitere Entfernung von unerwünschten Substanzen aus der Aluminiumschmelze, insbesondere auch Aluminiumcarbidverbindungen, wird dadurch erreicht, dass die Aluminiumlegierung einer Rotorentgasung zugeführt und mit einem Gemisch aus inerten und/oder reaktiven Gasen, insbesondere Argon, Stickstoff und/oder Chlor, gespült wird. Durch diese Rotorentgasung können die bei der Zugabe der Legierungsbestandteile in die Aluminiumschmelze gelangten Aluminiumcarbidverbindungen sowie andere unerwünschte Verbindungen aus der Schmelze der Aluminiumlegierung entfernt werden.Further removal of unwanted substances from the aluminum melt, in particular also aluminum carbide compounds, is achieved by supplying the aluminum alloy to a rotor degassing unit and rinsing it with a mixture of inert and / or reactive gases, in particular argon, nitrogen and / or chlorine. This rotor degassing removes the aluminum carbide compounds, as well as other undesirable compounds from the molten aluminum alloy melt, when the alloying ingredients are added to the aluminum melt.
Vorzugsweise kann die Aluminiumlegierung mindestens einem Seigerungsschritt unterzogen werden, bei welchem die Aluminiumlegierung auf etwas über der Solidustemperatur der Aluminiumlegierung erwärmt wird, so dass aufgeschmolzene, stark verunreinigte Phasen aus der Aluminiumlegierung ausgepresst werden können. Diese stark verunreinigten Phasen der Aluminiumlegierung enthalten zusätzlich Aluminiumcarbidverbindungen, die auf diese Weise aus der Aluminiumschmelze entfernt werden können.Preferably, the aluminum alloy may be subjected to at least one segregation step in which the aluminum alloy is heated to slightly above the solidus temperature of the aluminum alloy so that molten heavily contaminated phases may be extruded from the aluminum alloy. These highly contaminated phases of the aluminum alloy additionally contain aluminum carbide compounds, which can be removed in this way from the aluminum melt.
Schließlich kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Aluminiumlegierung für lithographische Druckplattenträger in Bezug auf eine Verringerung des Aluminiumcarbidgehaltes dadurch weiter verbessert werden, dass die Aluminiumlegierung vor dem Strang- oder Bandguss gefiltert wird, wobei der Filter eine hohe Filtereffektivität für Partikel mit einer Größe von kleiner oder gleich 5 µm aufweist. Es versteht sich von selbst, dass die Filtereffektivität dieser Filter auch für größere Partikel mit einer Größe von deutlich mehr als 5µm ebenfalls hoch ist. Es wurde festgestellt, dass die Aluminiumcarbide in der Regel vorwiegend in Verunreinigungspartikeln mit einer Größe von mehr als 10 µm vorhanden sind, so dass durch die Filterung der Aluminiumlegierung eine zusätzliche Reduktion des Aluminiumcarbidgehaltes erzielt wird. Da die Filterung der Aluminiumlegierung unmittelbar vor dem Gießen der Aluminiumlegierung stattfindet, wird diesem Schritt, insbesondere in Kombination mit den zuvor geschilderten Maßnahmen, ein hoher Stellwert beigemessen. Um diese Filterung zu gewährleisten werden beispielsweise zweistufige Filter eingesetzt, die aus einem ersten Keramikschaumfilter mit einem nachgeschalteten Tiefbettfilter bestehen. Vorzugsweise kann zwischen beiden Filtern die Zugabe von Kornfeinungsmaterial stattfinden, um eine möglichst hohe Effektivität des Keramikschaumfilters durch den Aufbau eines Filterkuchens und eine lange Lebensdauer des nachgeschalteten Tiefbettfilters zu gewährleisten.Finally, the inventive method for producing an aluminum alloy for lithographic Printing plate support with respect to a reduction of the aluminum carbide content further be improved by the aluminum alloy is filtered before the strand or strip casting, the filter has a high filter efficiency for particles having a size of less than or equal to 5 microns. It goes without saying that the filter efficiency of these filters is also high even for larger particles with a size of significantly more than 5 μm. It has been found that the aluminum carbides are typically present predominantly in impurity particles larger than 10 μm in size, so that filtering the aluminum alloy provides additional reduction of the aluminum carbide content. Since the filtering of the aluminum alloy takes place immediately before the casting of the aluminum alloy, this step, especially in combination with the previously described measures, a high control value attached. To ensure this filtering, for example, two-stage filters are used, which consist of a first ceramic foam filter with a downstream Tiefbettfilter. Preferably, the addition of grain refining material can take place between the two filters in order to ensure the highest possible effectiveness of the ceramic foam filter through the construction of a filter cake and a long service life of the downstream deep bed filter.
Gemäß einer dritten Lehre der vorliegenden Erfindung wird die oben hergeleitete Aufgabe für ein Aluminiumband für lithographische Druckplattenträger dadurch gelöst, dass diese durch kontinuierliches oder diskontinuierliches Gießen einer erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierung mit anschließendem Warm- und/oder Kaltumformen hergestellt wird, wobei die erfindungsgemäße Aluminiumlegierung insbesondere unter Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens hergestellt worden ist. Das erfindungsgemäße Aluminiumband besteht dann aus einem extrem aluminiumcarbidarmen Werkstoff, so dass es sich ideal zur Herstellung von Druckplattenträgern mit einer gasdichten Beschichtung eignet.According to a third teaching of the present invention, the above-mentioned object is achieved for an aluminum strip for lithographic printing plate supports in that they are produced by continuous or discontinuous casting of an aluminum alloy according to the invention with subsequent hot and / or cold forming is, wherein the aluminum alloy of the invention has been prepared in particular using the method according to the invention. The aluminum strip according to the invention then consists of an extremely low-aluminum-carbide material, so that it is ideally suited for the production of printing plate supports with a gas-tight coating.
Ein Aluminiumband mit nur wenigen Aluminiumcarbidverbindungen auf dessen Oberfläche und im Kernmaterial kann dadurch zur Verfügung gestellt werden, dass die Walzölrückstände auf dem Aluminiumband für lithographische Druckplattenträger durch Glühen und Entfetten des Bandes entfernt worden sind.An aluminum strip with only a few aluminum carbide compounds on its surface and in the core material can be provided by removing the rolling oil residues on the aluminum strip for lithographic printing plate supports by annealing and degreasing the strip.
Vorzugsweise wird das Aluminiumband unter Verwendung eines sauren oder basischen Mediums einer ersten Entfettung und anschließend unter Verwendung eines Beizprozess einer weiteren Reinigung unterzogen, so dass die Entfernung von Aluminiumcarbid auf der Oberfläche noch gründlicher ist. Damit kann ein Aluminiumband mit einer weiter verringerten Menge an Aluminiumcarbidverbindungen auf dessen Oberfläche zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Wie bereits zuvor beschrieben, weist die Aluminiumlegierung des erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumbandes selbst sehr geringe Anteile an Aluminiumcarbidverbindungen auf, so dass in Kombination mit der dann nahezu aluminiumcarbidfreien Oberfläche des Aluminiumbandes ein für die Beschichtung mit gasdichten Beschichtungen ideales Aluminiumband für lithographische Druckplattenträger zur Verfügung steht.Preferably, the aluminum strip is subjected to a first degreasing using an acidic or basic medium and then further cleaning using a pickling process so that the removal of aluminum carbide on the surface is even more thorough. Thus, an aluminum strip with a further reduced amount of aluminum carbide compounds can be provided on its surface. As already described above, the aluminum alloy of the aluminum strip according to the invention itself has very low proportions of aluminum carbide compounds, so that in combination with the almost aluminum carbide-free surface of the aluminum strip, an aluminum strip, ideal for coating with gas-tight coatings, is available for lithographic printing plate supports.
Schließlich wird gemäß einer vierten Lehre der vorliegenden Erfindung die oben aufgezeigte Aufgabe in Bezug auf die Verwendung des Aluminiumbandes dadurch gelöst, dass das erfindungsgemäße Aluminiumband zur Herstellung von lithographischen Druckplattenträgern mit einer gasdichten Beschichtung verwendet wird.Finally, according to a fourth teaching of the present invention, the above-described object with respect to the use of the aluminum strip is characterized solved that the aluminum strip according to the invention is used for the production of lithographic printing plate supports with a gas-tight coating.
Es gibt nun eine Vielzahl von Möglichkeiten die erfindungsgemäße Aluminiumlegierung zur Herstellung eines Aluminiumbandes für lithographische Druckplattenträger, das Verfahren zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierung sowie das erfindungsgemäße Aluminiumband für lithographische Druckplattenträger und dessen Verwendung auszugestalten und weiterzubilden. Hierzu wird verwiesen einerseits auf die den unabhängigen Patentansprüchen 1, 5 und 13 nachgeordneten Patentansprüchen. Andererseits wird verwiesen auf die Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zur Herstellung einer Aluminiumlegierung in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung.There are now a multitude of possibilities for designing and further developing the aluminum alloy according to the invention for producing an aluminum strip for lithographic printing plate supports, the process for producing the aluminum alloy according to the invention and the aluminum strip according to the invention for lithographic printing plate supports and its use. Reference is made on the one hand to the
In der Zeichnung zeigt die einzige Figur schematisch die Folge der einzelnen Verfahrensschritte zur Herstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierung.In the drawing, the single figure shows schematically the sequence of the individual process steps for producing an embodiment of an aluminum alloy according to the invention.
Gemäß dem in der einzigen Figur dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel beginnt die Herstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierung durch eine Elektrolyse 1 von Aluminiumoxid. Das flüssige Aluminium wird dann einer Rührstation 2 zugeführt, alternativ oder kumulativ zu dem direkt aus Aluminiumoxid gewonnenen Aluminium kann, wie in der Figur dargestellt, Kaltmetall 3 der Rührstation zugeführt werden. Das Kaltmetall enthält, wie bereits zuvor beschrieben, weniger Aluminiumcarbid als eine unmittelbar aus Aluminiumoxid hergestellte Aluminiumschmelze, da letztere durch Abbrand der Graphitelektroden zusätzlich Kohlenstoffverbindungen und damit auch Aluminiumcarbid enthält. Um die Aluminiumcarbide aus der Aluminiumschmelze zu entfernen wird in der Rührstation 2 das Einleiten von inerten Gasen oder einem Gasgemisch und das Rühren länger, als üblicherweise vorgesehen, durchgeführt. Die minimale Begasungs- und Rührzeit sollte zwischen 10 und 20 min. liegen. Es können aber auch längere Rühr- und Begasungszeiten eingestellt werden. Anschließend wird die Aluminiumschmelze einem Ofen 4 zugeführt. Anschließend werden im Ofen 4 eine Gasspülungen mit reaktiven und/oder inerten Gasen vorgenommen und die Legierungsbestandteile zugegeben. Die Gasspülungen führen zu einer weiteren Reduzierung des Aluminiumcarbidgehaltes in der Aluminiumschmelze. Anschließend steht die Aluminiumlegierung im Ofen einen bestimmten Zeitraum ab, damit die zuvor in der Schmelze gelösten Gasbläschen genügend Zeit haben, um an die Oberfläche der Aluminiumschmelze zu gelangen. Das Abstehen der Schmelze im Ofen kann für einen Zeitraum von 15 bis 90 min., vorzugsweise von 30 bis 60 min. vorgenommen werden. Die bei der Gasspülung mit reaktiven und/oder inerten Gasen an die Oberfläche der Aluminiumschmelze gelangten Gasbläschen werden durch Abkrätzen der Aluminiumlegierung von der Schmelze abgeschöpft und somit aus der Aluminiumlegierung entfernt. Die Krätze enthält dann die aus der Aluminiumschmelze ausgeschwemmten Aluminiumcarbide.According to the embodiment shown in the single figure, the production of an aluminum alloy according to the invention begins by an
Nach der Behandlung im Ofen 4 wird die flüssige Aluminiumlegierung einer Rotorentgasung 5 zugeführt, welche beispielsweise nach dem SNIF-Verfahren (Spinning Nozzle Inert Flotation) arbeitet, beispielsweise mit Argon und/oder Chlor gespült. Durch die feinen Gasbläschen werden wiederum die Verunreinigungen an die Badoberfläche geschwemmt, wobei die Einspreisung von Chlor insbesondere das Abbinden von Natrium- und Kalziumverunreinigungen zu Salzen verursacht, die dann mit den Gasbläschen in einer Krätzeschicht auf der Aluminiumlegierung abgelagert werden. Die Krätzeschicht wird dann wieder entfernt.After treatment in the
Schließlich wird die erfindungsgemäße Aluminiumlegierung vor dem Gießen vorzugsweise einem Filtern mit einem Filter 6 unterzogen, welcher eine hohe Filtereffektivität für Partikel mit einer Größe von kleiner oder gleich 5 µm aufweist. Beispielsweise können Filter 6 mit einer Filtereffektivität von mindestens 50% für diese Partikel verwendet werden. Da Aluminiumcarbide in der Regel an größeren Partikeln, zumeist mit einer Größe von etwa 10 µm anhaften, kann der Aluminiumcarbidgehalt der Aluminiumlegierung durch den Filterschritt effektiv weiter reduziert werden. Anschließend kann die Aluminiumlegierung einem kontinuierlichen oder diskontinuierlichen Gießverfahren 7, 8 zugeführt werden.Finally, prior to casting, the aluminum alloy according to the invention is preferably subjected to filtering with a
Optional kann die Aluminiumlegierung mindestens einem Seigerungsschritt in einer nicht dargestellten Seigerungsstation unterzogen werden, bei welchem die Aluminiumlegierung auf eine Temperatur knapp oberhalb der Solidustemperatur der Aluminiumlegierung erhitzt wird. Stark verunreinigte Phasen der Aluminiumschmelze schmelzen unterhalb der Solidustemperatur auf, so dass diese aus der Aluminiumschmelze gepresst und entfernt werden können. Da die verunreinigten Phasen in der Regel auch Aluminiumcarbide enthalten, wird deren Anteil in der erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierung durch die optionale Seigerung weiter verringert.Optionally, the aluminum alloy may be subjected to at least one segregation step in a segregation station, not shown, in which the aluminum alloy is heated to a temperature just above the solidus temperature of the aluminum alloy. Heavily contaminated phases of the aluminum melt melt below the solidus temperature so that they can be pressed out of the molten aluminum and removed. Since the contaminated phases usually also contain aluminum carbides, their proportion in the aluminum alloy according to the invention is further reduced by the optional segregation.
Schöpfproben der Aluminiumlegierung, welche nach der Filterung und damit unmittelbar vor dem Gießen gezogen wurden, zeigten einen extrem geringen Aluminiumcarbidanteil von weniger als 1 ppm.Scrap samples of the aluminum alloy drawn after filtration, and thus immediately prior to casting, showed an extremely low aluminum carbide content of less than 1 ppm.
Claims (17)
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aluminiumlegierung einen Aluminiumcarbidgehalt von kleiner 10 ppm, vorzugsweise kleiner 1 ppm, aufweist.Aluminum alloy for producing an aluminum strip for lithographic printing plate supports,
characterized in that the aluminum alloy has an aluminum carbide content of less than 10 ppm, preferably less than 1 ppm.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die weitere Zusammensetzung der Aluminiumlegierung einer Aluminiumlegierung vom Typ AA1xxx, AA3xxx, oder AA8xxx, vorzugsweise AA1050 oder AA3103 entspricht.Aluminum alloy according to claim 1,
characterized in that the further composition of the aluminum alloy corresponds to an aluminum alloy of the type AA1xxx, AA3xxx, or AA8xxx, preferably AA1050 or AA3103.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aluminiumlegierung die folgenden Legierungsbestandteile in Gew.-% aufweist:
characterized in that the aluminum alloy has the following alloy constituents in% by weight:
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aluminiumlegierung die folgenden Legierungsbestandteile in Gew.-% aufweist:
characterized in that the aluminum alloy has the following alloy constituents in% by weight:
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch einen oder mehrere Reinigungsschritte der Anteil der Aluminiumcarbide in der Aluminiumlegierung auf kleiner als 10 ppm, vorzugsweise auf kleiner 1 ppm, gesenkt wird.A process for producing an aluminum alloy for lithographic printing plate supports according to claim 1 to 4, wherein in the production of the aluminum alloy after the electrolysis of the aluminum oxide, the liquid aluminum is supplied to a plurality of purification steps until the aluminum alloy is cast,
characterized in that by one or more purification steps, the proportion of aluminum carbides in the aluminum alloy to less than 10 ppm, preferably to less than 1 ppm, is lowered.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass nach der Elektrolyse des Aluminiumoxids das flüssige Aluminium einer Rührstation zugeführt wird, in welcher inerte Gase unter Rühren in das flüssige Aluminium eingebracht werden, wobei die Dauer des Rührens und Einblasens des inerten Gases in die Aluminiumschmelze in der Rührstation mindestens 10 min., vorzugsweise mindestens 15 min. beträgt.Method according to claim 5,
characterized in that after the electrolysis of the alumina, the liquid aluminum is fed to a stirring station in which inert gases are introduced with stirring into the liquid aluminum, wherein the duration of the stirring and Blowing the inert gas into the aluminum melt in the stirring station for at least 10 minutes, preferably at least 15 minutes. is.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das der Rührstation zugeführte flüssige Aluminium zumindest teilweise aus Kaltmetall gewonnen worden ist.Method according to claim 5 or 6,
characterized in that the stirring station supplied liquid aluminum has been obtained at least partially from cold metal.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass beim Rühren des flüssigen Aluminiums in der Rührstation Aluminiumfluoride zugegeben werden.Method according to one of claims 5 to 7,
characterized in that aluminum fluorides are added during stirring of the liquid aluminum in the stirring station.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Aluminium zur Zugabe der Legierungsbestandteile einem Ofen zugeführt wird und in dem Ofen für mindestens 15 min. bis maximal 90 min., vorzugsweise 30 bis 60 min., absteht, nachdem durch Rühren und Zugabe der Legierungsbestandteile das Legieren im Ofen stattgefunden hat.Method according to claims 5 to 8,
characterized in that the aluminum is added to an oven for the addition of the alloying ingredients and stored in the oven for at least 15 minutes. up to a maximum of 90 min., Preferably 30 to 60 min., After the alloying has taken place in the oven by stirring and adding the alloying ingredients.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Ofen eine Gasspülung mit inerten und/oder reaktiven Gasen erfolgt.Method according to claims 5 to 9,
characterized in that in the furnace, a gas purging with inert and / or reactive gases.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aluminiumlegierung nach dem Ofen einer Rotorentgasung zugeführt und mit einem Gemisch aus inerten und/oder reaktiven Gasen, insbesondere Argon, Stickstoff und/oder Chlor gespült wird.Method according to claims 5 to 10,
characterized in that the aluminum alloy is fed to the furnace of a Rotorentgasung and rinsed with a mixture of inert and / or reactive gases, in particular argon, nitrogen and / or chlorine.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aluminiumlegierung mindestens einem Seigerungsschritt unterzogen wird.Method according to claims 5 to 11,
characterized in that the aluminum alloy is subjected to at least one segregation step.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aluminiumlegierung vor dem Strang- oder Bandguss gefiltert wird, wobei der Filter eine hohe Filtereffektivität für Partikel mit einer Größe von kleiner oder gleich 5 µm aufweist.Method according to claims 5 to 12,
characterized in that the aluminum alloy is filtered prior to strand or strip casting, wherein the filter has a high filter efficiency for particles having a size of less than or equal to 5 microns.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Walzölrückstände auf dem Aluminiumband für lithographische Druckplattenträger durch Glühen und Entfetten des Bandes entfernt worden sind.Aluminum strip according to claim 14,
characterized in that the rolling oil residues have been removed on the aluminum strip for lithographic printing plate supports by annealing and degreasing the tape.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Aluminiumband unter Verwendung eines sauren oder basischen Mediums einer ersten Entfettung und anschließend unter Verwendung eines Beizprozesses einer weiteren Entfettung unterzogen wird.Aluminum strip according to claim 14 or 15,
characterized in that the aluminum strip is subjected to a first degreasing using an acidic or basic medium and then further degreasing using a pickling process.
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES06002809.9T ES2524005T5 (en) | 2006-02-13 | 2006-02-13 | Aluminum alloy carbide free aluminum |
| EP06002809.9A EP1820866B2 (en) | 2006-02-13 | 2006-02-13 | Aluminiumcarbide-free aluminium alloy |
| US12/279,107 US20090220376A1 (en) | 2006-02-13 | 2007-02-13 | Aluminum alloy free from aluminum carbide |
| CN200780010378.8A CN101405415B (en) | 2006-02-13 | 2007-02-13 | Aluminiumcarbide-free aluminium alloy |
| BRPI0707735A BRPI0707735B8 (en) | 2006-02-13 | 2007-02-13 | ALUMINUM ALLOYS FOR MANUFACTURING AN ALUMINUM STRIP FOR LITHOGRAPHIC PRINTING PLATE CARRIERS, PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING AN ALUMINUM STRIP, ALUMINUM STRIP AND USE OF ALUMINUM STRIP. |
| PCT/EP2007/051404 WO2007093605A1 (en) | 2006-02-13 | 2007-02-13 | Aluminium alloy free from aluminium carbide |
| US13/423,602 US8869875B2 (en) | 2006-02-13 | 2012-03-19 | Aluminum alloy free from aluminum carbide |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06002809.9A EP1820866B2 (en) | 2006-02-13 | 2006-02-13 | Aluminiumcarbide-free aluminium alloy |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1820866A1 true EP1820866A1 (en) | 2007-08-22 |
| EP1820866B1 EP1820866B1 (en) | 2014-08-20 |
| EP1820866B2 EP1820866B2 (en) | 2018-08-08 |
Family
ID=36711690
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06002809.9A Active EP1820866B2 (en) | 2006-02-13 | 2006-02-13 | Aluminiumcarbide-free aluminium alloy |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US20090220376A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1820866B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101405415B (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0707735B8 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2524005T5 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007093605A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2284288A1 (en) * | 2009-08-13 | 2011-02-16 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Aluminium sheet material for lithographic printing plates |
| US9914318B2 (en) | 2005-10-19 | 2018-03-13 | Hydro Aluminium Deutschland Gmbh | Aluminum strip for lithographic printing plate supports |
| US11280292B2 (en) | 2014-05-14 | 2022-03-22 | Federal-Mogul Nurnberg Gmbh | Method for producing an engine component, engine component, and use of an aluminum alloy |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9068246B2 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2015-06-30 | Alcon Inc. | Decarbonization process for carbothermically produced aluminum |
| CN105039810B (en) | 2009-05-08 | 2019-07-05 | 诺夫利斯公司 | Aluminium lithographic sheet |
| JP2012072487A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2012-04-12 | Fujifilm Corp | Aluminum alloy sheet for lithographic printing plate, and method for manufacturing the same |
| WO2012059362A1 (en) | 2010-11-04 | 2012-05-10 | Novelis Inc. | Aluminium lithographic sheet |
| US20200071825A1 (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2020-03-05 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Methods Of Depositing Metal Carbide Films |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9914318B2 (en) | 2005-10-19 | 2018-03-13 | Hydro Aluminium Deutschland Gmbh | Aluminum strip for lithographic printing plate supports |
| EP1937860B2 (en) † | 2005-10-19 | 2020-06-03 | Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH | Method of production of an aluminium strip for lithographic printing plate supports |
| EP2284288A1 (en) * | 2009-08-13 | 2011-02-16 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Aluminium sheet material for lithographic printing plates |
| US11280292B2 (en) | 2014-05-14 | 2022-03-22 | Federal-Mogul Nurnberg Gmbh | Method for producing an engine component, engine component, and use of an aluminum alloy |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US8869875B2 (en) | 2014-10-28 |
| ES2524005T5 (en) | 2018-12-10 |
| CN101405415B (en) | 2011-01-12 |
| BRPI0707735B1 (en) | 2017-03-28 |
| BRPI0707735A2 (en) | 2011-05-10 |
| EP1820866B1 (en) | 2014-08-20 |
| ES2524005T3 (en) | 2014-12-03 |
| CN101405415A (en) | 2009-04-08 |
| BRPI0707735B8 (en) | 2023-01-10 |
| US20120195788A1 (en) | 2012-08-02 |
| WO2007093605A1 (en) | 2007-08-23 |
| US20090220376A1 (en) | 2009-09-03 |
| EP1820866B2 (en) | 2018-08-08 |
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