EP1817375A1 - Subduedly colored, infrared reflecting plastic compound - Google Patents

Subduedly colored, infrared reflecting plastic compound

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Publication number
EP1817375A1
EP1817375A1 EP05798159A EP05798159A EP1817375A1 EP 1817375 A1 EP1817375 A1 EP 1817375A1 EP 05798159 A EP05798159 A EP 05798159A EP 05798159 A EP05798159 A EP 05798159A EP 1817375 A1 EP1817375 A1 EP 1817375A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
meth
molding
acrylate
colored
plastic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05798159A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Klaus Schultes
Ernst Becker
Ursula Golchert
Elisabeth Clamer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Roehm GmbH Darmstadt
Original Assignee
Evonik Roehm GmbH
Roehm GmbH Darmstadt
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=35456138&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP1817375(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Evonik Roehm GmbH, Roehm GmbH Darmstadt filed Critical Evonik Roehm GmbH
Publication of EP1817375A1 publication Critical patent/EP1817375A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/04—Coating
    • C08J7/0427—Coating with only one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/04—Coating
    • C08J7/043—Improving the adhesiveness of the coatings per se, e.g. forming primers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
    • C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
    • C08L33/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
    • C08L33/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C08J2325/08—Copolymers of styrene
    • C08J2325/12—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated nitriles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2333/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
    • C08J2333/06—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
    • C08J2333/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
    • C08J2333/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2433/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2251—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
    • C08K3/013—Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
    • C08L25/12—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated nitriles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to covered colored, infrared-reflecting poly (meth) acrylate molding compositions which can be applied as an IR barrier layer to other plastic moldings.
  • the corresponding molding compounds are also processed into coextrusion layers or as cover layers of back-injected parts. These layers serve as cover layer u. a. of films, plates, profiles and tubes whose main component or carrier layer consist of partially different plastics. These plastics, such as. As PVC, polystyrene, polycarbonate, ABS and ASA, have other important properties such as impact resistance and / or low price.
  • Examples of applications for these co-extrudates or injection-molded articles include construction applications such as downpipes and window frames; Automotive applications, such as roof modules, exterior and interior covers (screens), spoilers and mirror housings; Household and sports applications, such as tool covers, outdoor panels for boats and ski films.
  • PMMA covered colored poly (meth) acrylate
  • DE 27 19 170 (Dynamit Nobel) describes a method for protecting PVC layers against sunlight by a permanently applied to the PVC layer layer, which is equipped with both UV stabilizers and IR reflectors.
  • IR reflectors bleach chromate, molybdate red, molybdate orange, chromium oxide green, antimony sulfide, cadmium sulfoselenide, cadmium sulfide, anthraquinone black pigment, anthraquinone dark blue pigment, monoazo pigment or phthalocyanine are used. Some of these pigments are no longer allowed today.
  • As the material for the cover layer an unspecified PMMA is described.
  • DE 26 05 325 (Dynamit Nobel) also describes a process for the protection of PVC surfaces, the applied protective layer is inked so opaque that in the IR region as high a reflection and in the UV range as low as possible permeability is achieved.
  • the goal is achieved by using at least one IR-reflecting black or color pigment.
  • the pigment used in the examples is titanium dioxide or anthraquinone black in combination with a UV absorber.
  • WO 00/24817 (Ferro) describes corundum hematite structures in the oxides of aluminum, antimony, bismuth, boron, chromium, cobalt, gallium, indium, iron, lanthanum, lithium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, neodymium, nickel, niobium , Silicon, tin are involved. task
  • the heating of the plastic moldings by direct sunlight must not exceed a permissible level.
  • the heating must not be so great that the article expands beyond a level and temperatures above the glass transition temperature of the molding are achieved.
  • such a window frame can distort irreversibly and can not be opened
  • the color pigments used themselves must also be weather-stable, also toxicologically safe and inexpensive.
  • the colored molding compounds should be easy to process, the formulation should be stable at the processing temperatures.
  • Shaped bodies which consist of or are coated with conventionally dark-colored PMMA.
  • dark colored molding compositions can be prepared without the thus equipped plastic molding or molded therewith produced body heats up too much in sunlight.
  • the "dark” property can be defined by the L * value in accordance with DIN 6174 (01/1979): Colorimetric determination of color differences in body colors according to the CieLAB formula For the dark-covered colored molding compositions, the L * value is CieLab at less than 51, preferably less than 41, and most preferably less than 31.
  • the pigments or their mixtures are incorporated in amounts of from 0.05 to 5.0% by weight into the molding compositions, preferably from 0.075 to 3.0% by weight, and very particularly preferably from 0.1 to 2% by weight. %.
  • colorants which are suitable for coloring PMMA molding compositions, in addition to the variation of the color can be used.
  • These colorants can be both IR-reflective - eg titanium dioxide - and not IR-reflective.
  • the proportion of these additional colorants may be between 0 and 3.0 wt .-%, preferably between 0 and 2.5 wt .-% and particularly preferably between 0 and 2.0 wt .-% based on the molding composition.
  • the molding compound Plexiglas ® 7N is used as a PMMA component. It is commercially available from Röhm GmbH & Co. KG.
  • the molding compositions of the present invention contain poly (meth) acrylates.
  • the term (meth) acrylates include methacrylates and acrylates as well as mixtures of both.
  • Poly (meth) acrylates are known in the art. These polymers are generally obtained by radical polymerization of mixtures containing (meth) acrylates.
  • (meth) acrylates derived from saturated alcohols, such as, for example, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, tert-butyl ( meth) acrylate, pentyl (meth) acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate;
  • Aryl (meth) acrylates such as benzyl (meth) acrylate or
  • Phenyl (meth) acrylate wherein the aryl radicals may each be unsubstituted or substituted up to four times;
  • Cycloalkyl (meth) acrylates such as 3-vinylcyclohexyl (meth) acrylate,
  • Hydroxylalkyl (meth) acrylates such as
  • Glycol di (meth) acrylates such as 1,4-butanediol (meth) acrylate,
  • compositions to be polymerized may also contain further unsaturated monomers which are copolymerizable with the abovementioned (meth) acrylates.
  • these compounds in an amount of 0 to 50 wt .-%, preferably 0 to 40 wt .-% and particularly preferably 0 to 20 wt .-%, based on the weight of the monomers used, wherein the comonomers individually or can be used as a mixture.
  • 1-alkenes such as hexene-1, heptene-1
  • branched alkenes such as vinylcyclohexane, 3,3-dimethyl-i-propene, 3-methyl-1-diisobutylene, 4-methylpentene-1
  • 1-alkenes such as hexene-1, heptene-1
  • branched alkenes such as vinylcyclohexane, 3,3-dimethyl-i-propene, 3-methyl-1-diisobutylene, 4-methylpentene-1
  • Vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate
  • Styrene substituted styrenes having an alkyl substituent in the side chain, such as. ⁇ -methylstyrene and ⁇ -ethylstyrene, substituted styrenes having an alkyl substituent on the ring such as vinyltoluene and p-methylstyrene, halogenated styrenes such as monochlorostyrenes, dichlorostyrenes, tribromostyrenes and tetrabromostyrenes;
  • Heterocyclic vinyl compounds such as 2-vinylpyridine, 3-vinylpyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine, 3-ethyl-4-vinylpyridine, 2,3-dimethyl-5-vinylpyridine, vinylpyrimidine, vinylpiperidine, 9-vinylcarbazole, 3-vinylcarbazole, 4-vinylcarbazole, 1-vinylimidazole, 2-methyl-1-vinylimidazole, N-vinylpyrrolidone, 2-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylpyrrolidine, 3-vinylpyrrolidine, N-vinylcaprolactam, N-vinylbutyrolactam, vinyloxolane, vinylfuran, vinylthiophene, vinylthiolane, vinylthiazoles and hydrogenated vinylthiazoles, vinyloxazoles and hydrogenated vinyloxazoles;
  • Maleic acid derivatives such as maleic anhydride, methylmaleic anhydride, maleimide, methylmaleimide; and dienes, such as divinylbenzene.
  • the polymerization is generally started with known free-radical initiators.
  • the preferred initiators include the azo initiators well known in the art, such as AIBN and I .i-azobiscyclohexanecarbonitrile, and peroxy compounds such as methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, acetylacetone peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, tert-butyl per-2-ethylhexanoate, ketone peroxide, methyl isobutyl ketone peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, tert-butyl peroxyisopropyl carbonate, 2,5-bis (2-ethylhexanoylperoxy) -2,5
  • These compounds are often used in an amount of 0.1 to 10 wt .-%, preferably from 0.5 to 3 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the monomers.
  • Preferred poly (meth) acrylates are obtainable by polymerization of mixtures which are at least 20% by weight, in particular at least 60% by weight and particularly preferably at least 80% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the monomers to be polymerized, of methyl methacrylate exhibit.
  • various poly (meth) acrylates can be used which differ, for example, in molecular weight or in the monomer composition.
  • the molding compositions may contain other polymers to modify the properties. These include, but are not limited to, polyacrylonitriles, polystyrenes, polyethers, polyesters, polycarbonates and polyvinyl chlorides. These polymers can be used individually or as a mixture, wherein copolymers which are derivable from the aforementioned polymers, the molding compositions can be added. These include, in particular styrene-acrylonitrile polymers (SAN), which are preferably added to the molding compositions in an amount of up to 45 wt .-%.
  • SAN styrene-acrylonitrile polymers
  • Particularly preferred styrene-acrylonitrile polymers can be obtained by the polymerization of mixtures consisting of 70 to 92 wt .-% styrene 8 to 30 wt .-% of acrylonitrile and
  • the proportion of poly (meth) acrylates is at least 20% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight and particularly preferably at least 80% by weight.
  • Such particularly preferred molding compositions are commercially available under the trade name PLEXIGLAS® from Rohm GmbH & Co. KG.
  • the weight-average molecular weight M w of the homo- and / or copolymers to be used according to the invention as matrix polymers can vary within wide limits, the molecular weight usually being matched to the intended use and the method of processing of the molding composition. In general, however, it is in the range between 20,000 and 1,000,000 g / mol, preferably 50,000 to 500,000 g / mol, and more preferably 80,000 to 300,000 g / mol, without this being intended to limit this.
  • the following substances were used as colorants:
  • compositions of the individual examples are documented in Appendix 1.
  • thermocouple of 0.5 mm diameter was fixed with Tesa ® Film.
  • a 3 mm thick Plexiglas ® GS White 003 plate (40 mm * 21 mm) was pressed into the Rohacell ® .
  • the sample with thermocouple was then attached with double-sided adhesive Tesa ® photo stripping.
  • the irradiation of the sample was carried out with a 60 W incandescent lamp controlled by 220V (AC stabilizer). Vertical distance between lower edge of glass bulb and sample 50 mm. After 20 minutes of irradiation, the temperature was read. The measurement of the heating took place in accordance with the standard ASTM D4803-97.
  • the reflection spectra are shown in Table 3 (brown with 3 mm thick Plexiglas GS White 003 plate), Table 4 (black with 3 mm thick Plexiglas GS White 003 plate) and Table 5 (brown colors without 3 mm thick Plexiglas GS White 003 plate) ,

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Optical Filters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to subduedly colored (brown, gray, black, green), infrared reflecting PMMA compounds which can be applied to other plastic compounds as an IR barrier layer.

Description

Gedeckt eingefärbte, infrarotreflektierende KunststoffformasseCovered colored, infrared-reflecting plastic molding compound
Gebiet der ErfindungField of the invention
Die Erfindung betrifft gedeckt eingefärbte, infrarotreflektierende Poly(meth)acrylat-Formmassen, die als IR-Sperrschicht auf weitere Kunststoffformkörper aufgebracht werden können.The invention relates to covered colored, infrared-reflecting poly (meth) acrylate molding compositions which can be applied as an IR barrier layer to other plastic moldings.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Aufgrund der sehr guten Eigenschaften von PMMA werden die entsprechenden Formmassen auch zu Coextrusionsschichten oder als Deckschichten von hinterspritzten Teilen verarbeitet. Diese Schichten dienen als Deckschicht u. a. von Folien, Platten, Profilen und Rohren, deren Hauptkomponente bzw. Trägerschicht aus teilweise anderen Kunststoffen bestehen. Diese Kunststoffe, wie z. B. PVC, Polystyrol, Polycarbonat, ABS und ASA, haben weitere wichtige Eigenschaften wie Schlagzähigkeit und/oder niedriger Preis.Due to the very good properties of PMMA, the corresponding molding compounds are also processed into coextrusion layers or as cover layers of back-injected parts. These layers serve as cover layer u. a. of films, plates, profiles and tubes whose main component or carrier layer consist of partially different plastics. These plastics, such as. As PVC, polystyrene, polycarbonate, ABS and ASA, have other important properties such as impact resistance and / or low price.
Als Anwendungen für diese Coextrudate oder'hinterspritzten Gegenstände gelten beispielsweise Bauanwendungen, wie Regenrohre und Fensterrahmen; Automobilanwendungen, wie Dachmodule, Abdeckungen im Außen- und Innenbereich (Blenden), Spoiler und Spiegelgehäuse; Haushalts- und Sportanwendungen, wie Werkzeugabdeckungen, Außenpanels für Boote und Skifolien.Examples of applications for these co-extrudates or injection-molded articles include construction applications such as downpipes and window frames; Automotive applications, such as roof modules, exterior and interior covers (screens), spoilers and mirror housings; Household and sports applications, such as tool covers, outdoor panels for boats and ski films.
Es ist bekannt, gedeckt eingefärbte Poly(meth)acrylat (PMMA)-Formmassen zum Witterungsschutz von Kunststoffformkörpern aus beispielsweise Polyvinylchlorid (PVC) einzusetzen. Der beschichtete Kunststoffformkörper wird dann mit einem Farbmittel wie beispielsweise TΪO2 versehen, das an der Grenzschicht der beiden Kunststoffformkörper die IR-Strahlung reflektiert und so die übermäßige Aufheizung des Gegenstandes verhindert.It is known to use covered colored poly (meth) acrylate (PMMA) molding compositions for weather protection of plastic moldings of, for example, polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The coated plastic molded body is then provided with a colorant such as TΪO 2 , which reflects the IR radiation at the boundary layer of the two plastic moldings and thus prevents the excessive heating of the article.
DE 27 19 170 (Dynamit Nobel) beschreibt ein Verfahren zum Schutz von PVC-Schichten gegen Sonnenlichteinwirkungen durch eine dauerhaft auf die PVC-Schicht aufgebrachte Schicht, die sowohl mit UV-Stabilisatoren als auch mit IR-Reflektoren ausgerüstet ist. Als IR-Reflektoren werden Bleichchromat, Molybdatrot, Molybdatorange, Chromoxydgrün, Antimonsulfid, Cadmiumsulfoselenid, Cadmiumsulfid, Anthrachinonschwarzpigment, Anthrachinondunkelblaupigment, Monoazopigment oder Phthalocyanine verwendet. Einige dieser Pigmente sind heute nicht mehr zulässig. Als Material für die Deckschicht wird ein nicht näher spezifiziertes PMMA beschrieben. DE 26 05 325 (Dynamit Nobel) beschreibt ebenfalls ein Verfahren zum Schutz von PVC-Oberflächen, die aufgebrachte Schutzschicht wird so deckend eingefärbt, dass im IR-Bereich eine möglichst hohe Reflektion und im UV- Bereich eine möglichst geringe Durchlässigkeit erreicht wird. Das Ziel wird durch die Verwendung mindestens eines IR-reflektierenden Schwarz- oder Farbpigments erreicht. Für die dunkleren Farbpigmente werden keine überwiegend IR-absorbierenden Pigmente verwendet. Als Pigment wird in den Beispielen Titandioxid oder Anthrachinonschwarz in Kombination mit einem UV- Absorber eingesetzt.DE 27 19 170 (Dynamit Nobel) describes a method for protecting PVC layers against sunlight by a permanently applied to the PVC layer layer, which is equipped with both UV stabilizers and IR reflectors. As IR reflectors, bleach chromate, molybdate red, molybdate orange, chromium oxide green, antimony sulfide, cadmium sulfoselenide, cadmium sulfide, anthraquinone black pigment, anthraquinone dark blue pigment, monoazo pigment or phthalocyanine are used. Some of these pigments are no longer allowed today. As the material for the cover layer, an unspecified PMMA is described. DE 26 05 325 (Dynamit Nobel) also describes a process for the protection of PVC surfaces, the applied protective layer is inked so opaque that in the IR region as high a reflection and in the UV range as low as possible permeability is achieved. The goal is achieved by using at least one IR-reflecting black or color pigment. For the darker color pigments, no predominantly IR-absorbing pigments are used. The pigment used in the examples is titanium dioxide or anthraquinone black in combination with a UV absorber.
WO 00/24817 (Ferro) beschreibt Korund-Hämatit Strukturen, in die Oxide des Aluminiums, Antimons, Wismuts, Bors, Chroms, Kobalts, Galliums, Indiums, Eisens, Lanthans, Lithiums, Magnesiums, Mangans, Molybdäns, Neodyms, Nickels, Niobs, Siliziums, Zinns eingebunden sind. AufgabeWO 00/24817 (Ferro) describes corundum hematite structures in the oxides of aluminum, antimony, bismuth, boron, chromium, cobalt, gallium, indium, iron, lanthanum, lithium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, neodymium, nickel, niobium , Silicon, tin are involved. task
Der Wunsch nach dunkel eingefärbten Kunststoffformteilen für Außenanwendungen wirft einige zu lösende Probleme auf:The desire for dark colored plastic molded parts for outdoor applications raises some problems to be solved:
- der Kunststoffformkörper muss - unabhängig von der Einfärbung - wetterfest sein- The plastic molding must - regardless of the coloring - be weatherproof
- es muss eine gute und dauerhafte Haftung zwischen Deckschicht und zu beschichtendem Kunststoffformkörper gewährleistet sein- It must be ensured a good and lasting adhesion between the outer layer and plastic molding to be coated
- die Aufheizung der Kunststoffformkörper durch direktes Sonnenlicht darf ein zulässiges Maß nicht überschreiten. Die Aufheizung darf nicht so groß werden, dass sich der Gegenstand über ein Maß hinaus ausdehnt und Temperaturen oberhalb der Glasübergangstemperatur des Formkörpers erreicht werden. Beispielsweise kann so ein Fensterrahmen sich irreversibel verziehen und sich nicht mehr öffnen lassen- The heating of the plastic moldings by direct sunlight must not exceed a permissible level. The heating must not be so great that the article expands beyond a level and temperatures above the glass transition temperature of the molding are achieved. For example, such a window frame can distort irreversibly and can not be opened
- die verwendeten Farbpigmente selbst müssen ebenfalls witterungsstabil sein, ferner toxikologisch unbedenklich und preisgünstig.- The color pigments used themselves must also be weather-stable, also toxicologically safe and inexpensive.
Weitere Aufgaben, die mit der erfindungsgemäßen Formulierung gelöst werden, sind:Further objects which are achieved with the formulation according to the invention are:
die eingefärbten Formmassen sollen gut zu verarbeiten sein, die Formulierung soll bei den Verarbeitungstemperaturen stabil sein.the colored molding compounds should be easy to process, the formulation should be stable at the processing temperatures.
Lösungsolution
Durch den Einsatz von verschiedenen Infrarot-reflektierenden, anorganischen Farbpigmenten in PMMA - Formmasse können mit diesen Formmassen dunkelfarbige Kunststoffformkörper hergestellt und andere Kunststoffformkörper mit den vorher erwähnten PMMA - Formmassen beschichtet werden, die eine deutlich geringere Aufheizrate bei Sonneneinstrahlung aufweisen alsThrough the use of various infrared-reflecting, inorganic color pigments in PMMA molding composition, dark-colored plastic moldings can be produced with these molding compositions, and other plastic moldings can be coated with the abovementioned PMMA molding compositions, which have a have significantly lower heating rate in sunlight than
Formkörper, die aus konventionell dunkel eingefärbtem PMMA bestehen oder mit diesem beschichtet sind.Shaped bodies which consist of or are coated with conventionally dark-colored PMMA.
Es wurde nun gefunden, dass man durch den Einsatz von Pigmenten derIt has now been found that by using pigments of
Klassenclasses
Cl. Nomenklatur nach Colour Index, The Society of Dyers and Colourists (SDC)Cl. Nomenclature by Color Index, The Society of Dyers and Colourists (SDC)
in PMMA-Formmassen dunkel gedeckt eingefärbte Formmassen hergestellt werden können, ohne dass der damit ausgerüstete Kunststoffformkörper bzw. hiermit hergestellte Formkörper sich zu sehr im Sonnenlicht aufheizt. Die Eigenschaft „dunkel" lässt sich durch den L*-Wert gemäß DIN 6174 (01/1979): Farbmetrische Bestimmung von Farbabständen bei Körperfarben nach der CieLAB-Formel; definieren. Bei den dunkel gedeckt eingefärbten Formmassen liegt der L*-Wert nach CieLab bei unter 51 , bevorzugt unter 41 und ganz besonders bevorzugt unter 31.in dark PMMA molding compositions dark colored molding compositions can be prepared without the thus equipped plastic molding or molded therewith produced body heats up too much in sunlight. The "dark" property can be defined by the L * value in accordance with DIN 6174 (01/1979): Colorimetric determination of color differences in body colors according to the CieLAB formula For the dark-covered colored molding compositions, the L * value is CieLab at less than 51, preferably less than 41, and most preferably less than 31.
Die Pigmente oder ihre Mischungen werden in Mengen von 0,05 - 5,0 Gew..-% in die Formmassen eingearbeitet, bevorzugt sind 0,075 - 3,0 Gew.-% und ganz besonders bevorzugt sind 0,1 - 2 Gew.-%.The pigments or their mixtures are incorporated in amounts of from 0.05 to 5.0% by weight into the molding compositions, preferably from 0.075 to 3.0% by weight, and very particularly preferably from 0.1 to 2% by weight. %.
Daneben können weitere Farbmittel, welche zur Einfärbung von PMMA Formmassen geeignet sind, zusätzlich zur Variation der Farbe eingesetzt werden. Diese Farbmittel können sowohl IR-reflektierend - bspw. Titandioxid - als auch nicht IR-reflektierend sein. Der Anteil dieser zusätzlichen Farbmittel kann zwischen 0 und 3,0 Gew.-%, bevorzugt zwischen 0 und 2,5 Gew.-% und besonders bevorzugt zwischen 0 und 2,0 Gew.-% bezogen auf die Formmasse betragen.In addition, other colorants which are suitable for coloring PMMA molding compositions, in addition to the variation of the color can be used. These colorants can be both IR-reflective - eg titanium dioxide - and not IR-reflective. The proportion of these additional colorants may be between 0 and 3.0 wt .-%, preferably between 0 and 2.5 wt .-% and particularly preferably between 0 and 2.0 wt .-% based on the molding composition.
Unter dunklen Farbtönen werdenBe under dark shades
braune graue grüne und schwarzebrown gray green and black
Farbtöne verstanden, Mischtöne sind ebenfalls möglich.Shades understood, mixed shades are also possible.
BeispieleExamples
Als PMMA-Komponente wird die Formmasse Plexiglas® 7N eingesetzt. Sie ist kommerziell von der Firma Röhm GmbH & Co. KG erhältlich.As a PMMA component, the molding compound Plexiglas ® 7N is used. It is commercially available from Röhm GmbH & Co. KG.
Die Formmassen der vorliegenden Erfindung enthalten Poly(meth)acrylate. Der Ausdruck (Meth)acrylate umfaßt Methacrylate und Acrylate sowie Mischungen aus beiden.The molding compositions of the present invention contain poly (meth) acrylates. The term (meth) acrylates include methacrylates and acrylates as well as mixtures of both.
Poly(meth)acrylate sind in der Fachwelt bekannt. Diese Polymere werden im allgemeinen durch radikalische Polymerisation von Mischungen erhalten, die (Meth)acrylate enthalten.Poly (meth) acrylates are known in the art. These polymers are generally obtained by radical polymerization of mixtures containing (meth) acrylates.
Diese Monomere sind weithin bekannt. Zu diesen gehören unter anderem (Meth)acrylate, die sich von gesättigten Alkoholen ableiten, wie beispielsweise Methyl(meth)acrylat, Ethyl(meth)acrylat, Propyl(meth)acrylat, n-Butyl(meth)acrylat, tert.-Butyl(meth)acrylat, Pentyl(meth)acrylat und 2-Ethylhexyl(meth)acrylat;These monomers are well known. These include, inter alia, (meth) acrylates derived from saturated alcohols, such as, for example, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, tert-butyl ( meth) acrylate, pentyl (meth) acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate;
(Meth)acrylate, die sich von ungesättigten Alkoholen ableiten, wie z. B.(Meth) acrylates derived from unsaturated alcohols, such as. B.
Oleyl(meth)acrylat, 2-Propinyl(meth)acrylat, Allyl(meth)acrylat,Oleyl (meth) acrylate, 2-propynyl (meth) acrylate, allyl (meth) acrylate,
Vinyl(meth)acrylat;Vinyl (meth) acrylate;
Aryl(meth)acrylate, wie Benzyl(meth)acrylat oderAryl (meth) acrylates, such as benzyl (meth) acrylate or
Phenyl(meth)acrylat, wobei die Arylreste jeweils unsubstituiert oder bis zu vierfach substituiert sein können;Phenyl (meth) acrylate, wherein the aryl radicals may each be unsubstituted or substituted up to four times;
Cycloalkyl(meth)acrylate, wie 3-Vinylcyclohexyl(meth)acrylat,Cycloalkyl (meth) acrylates, such as 3-vinylcyclohexyl (meth) acrylate,
Bornyl(meth)acrylat;Bornyl (meth) acrylate;
Hydroxylalkyl(meth)acrylate, wieHydroxylalkyl (meth) acrylates, such as
3-Hydroxypropyl(meth)acrylat,3-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate,
3,4-Dihydroxybutyl(meth)acrylat,3,4-dihydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate,
2-Hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylat, 2-Hydroxypropyl(meth)acrylat;2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate;
Glycoldi(meth)acrylate, wie 1 ,4-Butandiol(meth)acrylat,Glycol di (meth) acrylates, such as 1,4-butanediol (meth) acrylate,
(Meth)acrylate von Etheralkoholen, wie(Meth) acrylates of ether alcohols, such as
Tetrahydrofurfuryl(meth)acrylat, Vinyloxyethoxyethyl(meth)acrylat;Tetrahydrofurfuryl (meth) acrylate, vinyloxyethoxyethyl (meth) acrylate;
Amide und Nitrile der (Meth)acrylsäure, wieAmides and nitriles of (meth) acrylic acid, such as
N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)(meth)acrylamid,N- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) (meth) acrylamide,
N-(Diethylphosphono)(meth)acrylamid,N- (diethylphosphono) (meth) acrylamide,
1-Methacryloylamido-2-methyl-2-propanol; schwefelhaltige Methacrylate, wie1-Methacryloylamido-2-methyl-2-propanol; Sulfur-containing methacrylates, such as
Ethylsulfinylethyl(meth)acrylat,Ethylsulfinylethyl (meth) acrylate,
4-Thiocyanatobutyl(meth)acrylat,4-Thiocyanatobutyl (meth) acrylate,
Ethylsulfonylethyl(meth)acrylat,Ethylsulfonylethyl (meth) acrylate,
Thiocyanatomethyl(meth)acrylat,Thiocyanatomethyl (meth) acrylate,
Methylsulfinylmethyl(meth)acrylat,Methylsulfinylmethyl (meth) acrylate,
Bis((meth)acryloyloxyethyl)sulfid; mehrwertige (Meth)acrylate, wieBis ((meth) acryloyloxyethyl) sulfide; polyvalent (meth) acrylates, such as
Trimethyloylpropantri(meth)acrylat. Neben den zuvor dargelegten (Meth)acrylaten können die zu polymerisierenden Zusammensetzungen auch weitere ungesättigte Monomere aufweisen, die mit den zuvor genannten (Meth)acrylaten copolymerisierbar sind. Im allgemeinen werden diese Verbindungen in einer Menge von 0 bis 50 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0 bis 40 Gew.-% und besonders bevorzugt 0 bis 20 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gewicht der Monomeren, eingesetzt, wobei die Comonomere einzeln oder als Mischung verwendet werden können.Trimethyloylpropantri (meth) acrylate. In addition to the (meth) acrylates set out above, the compositions to be polymerized may also contain further unsaturated monomers which are copolymerizable with the abovementioned (meth) acrylates. In general, these compounds in an amount of 0 to 50 wt .-%, preferably 0 to 40 wt .-% and particularly preferably 0 to 20 wt .-%, based on the weight of the monomers used, wherein the comonomers individually or can be used as a mixture.
Hierzu gehören unter anderem 1-Alkene, wie Hexen-1 , Hepten-1 ; verzweigte Alkene, wie beispielsweise Vinylcyclohexan, 3,3-Dimethyl-i-propen, 3-Methyl-1- diisobutylen, 4-Methylpenten-1 ;These include, inter alia, 1-alkenes, such as hexene-1, heptene-1; branched alkenes such as vinylcyclohexane, 3,3-dimethyl-i-propene, 3-methyl-1-diisobutylene, 4-methylpentene-1;
Acrylnitril; Vinylester, wie Vinylacetat;acrylonitrile; Vinyl esters, such as vinyl acetate;
Styrol, substituierte Styrole mit einem Alkylsubstituenten in der Seitenkette, wie z. B. α-Methylstyrol und α-Ethylstyrol, substituierte Styrole mit einem Alkylsubstitutenten am Ring, wie Vinyltoluol und p-Methylstyrol, halogenierte Styrole, wie beispielsweise Monochlorstyrole, Dichlorstyrole, Tribromstyrole und Tetrabromstyrole;Styrene, substituted styrenes having an alkyl substituent in the side chain, such as. Α-methylstyrene and α-ethylstyrene, substituted styrenes having an alkyl substituent on the ring such as vinyltoluene and p-methylstyrene, halogenated styrenes such as monochlorostyrenes, dichlorostyrenes, tribromostyrenes and tetrabromostyrenes;
Heterocyclische Vinylverbindungen, wie 2-Vinylpyridin, 3-Vinylpyridin, 2-Methyl- 5-vinylpyridin, 3-Ethyl-4-vinylpyridin, 2,3-Dimethyl-5-vinylpyridin, Vinylpyrimidin, Vinylpiperidin, 9-Vinylcarbazol, 3-Vinylcarbazol, 4-Vinylcarbazol, 1-Vinylimidazol, 2-Methyl-1-vinylimidazol, N-Vinylpyrrolidon, 2-Vinylpyrrolidon, N-Vinylpyrrolidin, 3-Vinylpyrrolidin, N-Vinylcaprolactam, N-Vinylbutyrolactam, Vinyloxolan, Vinylfuran, Vinylthiophen, Vinylthiolan, Vinylthiazole und hydrierte Vinylthiazole, Vinyloxazole und hydrierte Vinyloxazole;Heterocyclic vinyl compounds, such as 2-vinylpyridine, 3-vinylpyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine, 3-ethyl-4-vinylpyridine, 2,3-dimethyl-5-vinylpyridine, vinylpyrimidine, vinylpiperidine, 9-vinylcarbazole, 3-vinylcarbazole, 4-vinylcarbazole, 1-vinylimidazole, 2-methyl-1-vinylimidazole, N-vinylpyrrolidone, 2-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylpyrrolidine, 3-vinylpyrrolidine, N-vinylcaprolactam, N-vinylbutyrolactam, vinyloxolane, vinylfuran, vinylthiophene, vinylthiolane, vinylthiazoles and hydrogenated vinylthiazoles, vinyloxazoles and hydrogenated vinyloxazoles;
Vinyl- und Isoprenylether;Vinyl and isoprenyl ethers;
Maleinsäurederivate, wie beispielsweise Maleinsäureanhydrid, Methylmaleinsäureanhydrid, Maleinimid, Methylmaleinimid; und Diene, wie beispielsweise Divinylbenzol. Die Polymerisation wird im allgemeinen mit bekannten Radikalinitiatoren gestartet. Zu den bevorzugten Initiatoren gehören unter anderem die in der Fachwelt weithin bekannten Azoinitiatoren, wie AIBN und I .i-Azobiscyclohexancarbonitril, sowie Peroxyverbindungen, wie Methylethylketonperoxid, Acetylacetonperoxid, Dilaurylperoxyd, tert.-Butylper-2- ethylhexanoat, Ketonperoxid, Methylisobutylketonperoxid, Cyclohexanonperoxid, Dibenzoylperoxid, tert.-Butylperoxybenzoat, tert.- Butylperoxyisopropylcarbonat, 2,5-Bis(2-ethylhexanoyl-peroxy)-2,5- dimethylhexan, tert.-Butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoat, tert-Butylperoxy-3,5,5- trimethylhexanoat, Dicumylperoxid, 1 ,1-Bis(tert.-butylperoxy)cyclohexan, 1 ,1-Bis(tert.-butylperoxy)3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexan, Cumylhydroperoxid, tert.- Butylhydroperoxid, Bis(4-tert.-butylcyclohexyl)peroxydicarbonat, Mischungen von zwei oder mehr der vorgenannten Verbindungen miteinander sowie Mischungen der vorgenannten Verbindungen mit nicht genannten Verbindungen, die ebenfalls Radikale bilden können.Maleic acid derivatives such as maleic anhydride, methylmaleic anhydride, maleimide, methylmaleimide; and dienes, such as divinylbenzene. The polymerization is generally started with known free-radical initiators. Among the preferred initiators include the azo initiators well known in the art, such as AIBN and I .i-azobiscyclohexanecarbonitrile, and peroxy compounds such as methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, acetylacetone peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, tert-butyl per-2-ethylhexanoate, ketone peroxide, methyl isobutyl ketone peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, tert-butyl peroxyisopropyl carbonate, 2,5-bis (2-ethylhexanoylperoxy) -2,5-dimethylhexane, tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate, tert-butylperoxy-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate , Dicumyl peroxide, 1, 1-bis (tert-butylperoxy) cyclohexane, 1, 1-bis (tert-butylperoxy) 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, cumyl hydroperoxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, bis (4-tert-butylcyclohexyl ) Peroxydicarbonat, mixtures of two or more of the aforementioned compounds with each other and mixtures of the aforementioned compounds with unspecified compounds which can also form radicals.
Diese Verbindungen werden häufig in einer Menge von 0,1 bis 10 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise von 0,5 bis 3 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Monomeren, eingesetzt.These compounds are often used in an amount of 0.1 to 10 wt .-%, preferably from 0.5 to 3 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the monomers.
Bevorzugte Poly(meth)acrylate sind durch Polymerisation von Mischungen erhältlich, die mindestens 20 Gew.-%, insbesondere mindestens 60 Gew.-% und besonders bevorzugt mindestens 80 Gew.-%, jeweils bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der zu polymerisierenden Monomere, Methyl methacrylat aufweisen.Preferred poly (meth) acrylates are obtainable by polymerization of mixtures which are at least 20% by weight, in particular at least 60% by weight and particularly preferably at least 80% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the monomers to be polymerized, of methyl methacrylate exhibit.
Hierbei können verschiedene Poly(meth)acrylate eingesetzt werden, die sich beispielsweise im Molekulargewicht oder in der Monomerzusammensetzung unterscheiden. Des weiteren können die Formmassen weitere Polymere enthalten, um die Eigenschaften zu modifizieren. Hierzu gehören unter anderem Polyacrylnitrile, Polystyrole, Polyether, Polyester, Polycarbonate und Polyvinylchloride. Diese Polymere können einzeln oder als Mischung eingesetzt werden, wobei auch Copolymere, die von den zuvor genannten Polymere ableitbar sind, den Formmassen beigefügt werden können. Zu diesen gehören insbesondere Styrol-Acrylnitril-Polymere (SAN), die vorzugsweise den Formmassen in einer Menge von bis zu 45 Gew.-% beigefügt werden.In this case, various poly (meth) acrylates can be used which differ, for example, in molecular weight or in the monomer composition. Furthermore, the molding compositions may contain other polymers to modify the properties. These include, but are not limited to, polyacrylonitriles, polystyrenes, polyethers, polyesters, polycarbonates and polyvinyl chlorides. These polymers can be used individually or as a mixture, wherein copolymers which are derivable from the aforementioned polymers, the molding compositions can be added. These include, in particular styrene-acrylonitrile polymers (SAN), which are preferably added to the molding compositions in an amount of up to 45 wt .-%.
Besonders bevorzugte Styrol-Acrylnitril-Polymere können durch die Polymerisation von Mischungen erhalten werden, die aus 70 bis 92 Gew.-% Styrol 8 bis 30 Gew.-% Acrylnitril undParticularly preferred styrene-acrylonitrile polymers can be obtained by the polymerization of mixtures consisting of 70 to 92 wt .-% styrene 8 to 30 wt .-% of acrylonitrile and
0 bis 22 Gew.-% weiterer Comonomere, jeweils bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der zu polymerisierenden Monomere, bestehen.0 to 22 wt .-% of other comonomers, each based on the total weight of the monomers to be polymerized, exist.
In besonderen Ausgestaltungen beträgt der Anteil der Poly(meth)acrylate mindestens 20 Gew.-%, bevorzugt mindestens 60 Gew.-% und besonders bevorzugt mindestens 80 Gew.-%.In particular embodiments, the proportion of poly (meth) acrylates is at least 20% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight and particularly preferably at least 80% by weight.
Derartig besonders bevorzugte Formmassen sind unter dem Handelsnamen PLEXIGLAS® von der Fa. Röhm GmbH & Co. KG kommerziell erhältlich.Such particularly preferred molding compositions are commercially available under the trade name PLEXIGLAS® from Rohm GmbH & Co. KG.
Das Gewichtsmittel des Molekulargewichts Mw der erfindungsgemäß als Matrixpolymere zu verwendenden Homo- und/oder Copolymere kann in weiten Bereichen schwanken, wobei das Molekulargewicht üblicherweise auf den Anwendungszweck und die Verarbeitungsweise der Formmasse abgestimmt wird. Im allgemeinen liegt es aber im Bereich zwischen 20 000 und 1 000 000 g/mol, vorzugsweise 50 000 bis 500 000 g/mol und besonders bevorzugt 80 000 bis 300 000 g/mol, ohne dass hierdurch eine Einschränkung erfolgen soll. Als Farbmittel wurden folgende Stoffe eingesetzt:The weight-average molecular weight M w of the homo- and / or copolymers to be used according to the invention as matrix polymers can vary within wide limits, the molecular weight usually being matched to the intended use and the method of processing of the molding composition. In general, however, it is in the range between 20,000 and 1,000,000 g / mol, preferably 50,000 to 500,000 g / mol, and more preferably 80,000 to 300,000 g / mol, without this being intended to limit this. The following substances were used as colorants:
- Cromophtalbraun 5R, Fa. Ciba Specialty ChemicalsCromophtal Brown 5R, Ciba Specialty Chemicals
- Sandoplastrotviolett R1 Fa. Clariant- Sandoplastrot Violet R 1 Fa. Clariant
- Thermoplastblau 684, Fa. BASF- Thermoplastic Blue 684, Fa. BASF
- Ultramarinblau 31 , Fa. Nubiola- Ultramarine Blue 31, Nubiola
- Bayferrox 180 M, Fa. BayerBayferrox 180 M, Bayer
- Bayferrox 645 T, Fa. BayerBayferrox 645 T, Bayer
- Microlithgrün GA, Fa. Ciba Specialty ChemicalsMicrolithgrün GA, Ciba Specialty Chemicals
- Farbruss FW1 , Fa. Degussa- Color cast iron FW1, Degussa
- PK 24-10204, Fa. Ferro- PK 24-10204, Fa. Ferro
- PK 10456, Fa. Ferro- PK 10456, Fa. Ferro
- Titandioxid CL 2220, Fa. Kronos- Titanium dioxide CL 2220, Fa. Kronos
Einfärbung der Formmassen:Coloring of the molding compositions:
Farbmittel und Formmassen wurden mittels Walzen homogenisiert. DieColorants and molding compounds were homogenized by means of rollers. The
Zusammensetzungen der einzelnen Beispiele sind in Anlage 1 dokumentiert.Compositions of the individual examples are documented in Appendix 1.
Daneben wurde eine 3mm dicke Plexiglas® GS Weiß 003 Platte (40 mm *In addition, a 3mm thick Plexiglas ® GS White 003 plate (40 mm *
21 mm) verwendet (s. Prüfung der Formmassen). In der Gussplatte, bestehend aus PMMA, ist als farbgebendes, IR-reflektierendes Pigment 1 ,5% Titandioxid21 mm) (see Testing of molding compounds). In the cast plate, consisting of PMMA, is as coloring, IR-reflecting pigment 1, 5% titanium dioxide
CL 2220 enthalten.CL 2220 included.
Die Restmengen auf 100 Gew.-% sind PLEXIGLAS® 7N. Anlage 1 : Zusammensetzung der BeispieleThe residual amounts to 100 wt .-% are PLEXIGLAS ® 7N. Appendix 1: Composition of the examples
PLEXIGLAS® 7N ad 100 Gew.-% PLEXIGLAS ® 7N ad 100% by weight
Prüfung der Formmassen:Testing of the molding compounds:
Aus den eingefärbten Formmassen wurden Pressplättchen in einer Dicke von 0,5 mm mit Hilfe einer Presse hergestellt. Die entsprechenden Prüfkörper wurden nach folgenden Methoden geprüft:From the colored molding compounds pressed platelets were produced in a thickness of 0.5 mm by means of a press. The corresponding test pieces were tested according to the following methods:
Aufheizverhalten: Die Probe mit 50 mm Durchmesser und 0,5 mm Dicke wurde auf einen Rohacell® Würfel von 50 mm Kantenlänge platziert. Unter die Probenmitte war mit Tesa® Film ein Thermoelement von 0,5 mm Durchmesser fixiert. In das Rohacell® war eine 3 mm dicke Plexiglas® GS Weiß 003 Platte (40 mm*21 mm) eingepresst. Die Probe mit Thermoelement wurde hierauf mit beidseitig klebendem Tesa® Fotostrip befestigt. Die Bestrahlung der Probe erfolgte mit einer Glühlampe 60 W mit 220V geregelt (Wechselspannungs-Stabilisator). Senkrechter Abstand zwischen Unterkante Glaskolben und Probe 50 mm. Nach 20 Minuten Bestrahlung wurde die Temperatur abgelesen. Die Messung der Aufheizung erfolgte in Anlehnung an die Norm ASTM D4803-97.Heating-up: The sample with 50 mm diameter and 0.5 mm thickness was placed on a Rohacell ® cube of 50 mm side length. Below the center of the sample, a thermocouple of 0.5 mm diameter was fixed with Tesa ® Film. A 3 mm thick Plexiglas ® GS White 003 plate (40 mm * 21 mm) was pressed into the Rohacell ® . The sample with thermocouple was then attached with double-sided adhesive Tesa ® photo stripping. The irradiation of the sample was carried out with a 60 W incandescent lamp controlled by 220V (AC stabilizer). Vertical distance between lower edge of glass bulb and sample 50 mm. After 20 minutes of irradiation, the temperature was read. The measurement of the heating took place in accordance with the standard ASTM D4803-97.
Lichtreflektion: Spektren gemessen am Perkin Eimer Lambda 19. Hierzu wurden die Prüfkörper mit und teilweise ohne die 3 mm dicke Plexiglas GS Weiß 003 Platte vermessen.Light Reflection: Spectra measured on the Perkin Elmer Lambda 19. The test specimens were measured with and partly without the 3 mm thick Plexiglas GS White 003 plate.
Die Ergebnisse des Aufheizverhaltens der Prüfkörper sind in Tabelle 2 zu sehen. Tabelle 2The results of the heating behavior of the test specimens can be seen in Table 2. Table 2
WW
Tabelle 3Table 3
Spektren gemessen am Perkin Eimer Lambda 19Spectra measured on the Perkin Elmer Lambda 19
250 750 1250 1750 2250 Wellenlänge [nm]250 750 1250 1750 2250 wavelength [nm]
- - - Vergleichi Vergleich2 ■ Beispieli - - - Comparative Comparison2 ■ Examplei
Tabelle 5 Table 5
Spektren gemessen am Perkin Eimer Lambda 19Spectra measured on the Perkin Elmer Lambda 19
Reflexion der Proben ohne weißen Hintergrund.Reflection of samples without white background.
250 750 1250 1750 2250 Wellenlänge [nm]250 750 1250 1750 2250 wavelength [nm]
Vergleichi — — Vergleich2 ■BeispieH Comparison - Comparison2 ■ Example
Die Reflektionsspektren sind in Tabelle 3 (Braunfarben mit 3 mm dicker Plexiglas GS Weiß 003 Platte), Tabelle 4 (Schwarzfarben mit 3 mm dicker Plexiglas GS Weiß 003 Platte) und Tabelle 5 (Braunfarben ohne 3 mm dicke Plexiglas GS Weiß 003 Platte) zu sehen.The reflection spectra are shown in Table 3 (brown with 3 mm thick Plexiglas GS White 003 plate), Table 4 (black with 3 mm thick Plexiglas GS White 003 plate) and Table 5 (brown colors without 3 mm thick Plexiglas GS White 003 plate) ,
Anhand der Beispiele erkennt man deutlich die Verbesserungen, welche durch die hier beschriebene Erfindung erreicht werden:The examples clearly show the improvements which are achieved by the invention described here:
- In Tabelle 2 erkennt man, dass die Aufheizrate bei den erfindungsgemäßen braunen Pressplättchen (Beispiel 1 , 2, 3) besser ist als Vergleich 2 (braunes Pressplättchen, dass mit einem anorganisch IR- absorbierenden Farbmittel hergestellt ist) und vergleichbar mit Vergleich 1 (verwendetes Farbmittel ist hier IR-durchlässig - IR-Reflektion erfolgt an der weißen Plexiglas GS Platte) ist. Auch erkennt man an dem erfindungsgemäßen schwarzen Pressplättchen (Beispiel 4), dass hier die Aufheizrate deutlich besser (niedriger) ist als bei den Vergleichen 3 und 4.In Table 2 it can be seen that the heating rate in the brown compacted platelets according to the invention (Example 1, 2, 3) is better than Comparison 2 (brown compacting plate made with an inorganic IR-absorbing colorant) and comparable to Comparison 1 (used Colorant is here IR-transparent - IR reflection takes place on the white Plexiglas GS plate). It can also be seen on the black press plate according to the invention (Example 4) that the heating rate is significantly better (lower) here than in Comparisons 3 and 4.
- In den Tabellen 3 und 4 erkennt man deutlich, dass die erfindungsgemäßen Pressplättchen bezogen auf den jeweiligen Farbton das IR-Licht (Wellenlänge > 700 nm) deutlich besser reflektieren als die Vergleiche. Als Ausnahme gilt hier Vergleich 1 - hier geschieht allerdings die Reflektion an der weißen Plexiglas® GS Platte.- Tables 3 and 4 clearly show that the pressed platelets according to the invention, based on the respective hue, reflect the IR light (wavelength> 700 nm) much better than the comparisons. The exception here is Comparison 1 - here, however, the reflection takes place on the white Plexiglas ® GS plate.
- In Tabelle 5 erkennt man deutlich, dass die erfindungsgemäßen braunen Pressplättchen auch ohne die hinterliegende Plexiglas® GS Platte das IR-Licht deutlich besser als die Vergleiche reflektieren. - Table 5 clearly shows that brown pressed plaques of the invention clearly better reflect than the comparisons without the behind lying Plexiglas ® GS drive the IR light.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verwendung von anorganischen Pigmenten zur Herstellung von dunkelfarbigen Formmassen hauptsächlich aus Polymethyl(meth)acrylat, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die anorganischen Pigmente IR- reflektierend sind und dass der daraus hergestellte Formkörper eine Aufheizrate von weniger als 5O0C / 20 min aufweist.1. The use of inorganic pigments for the production of dark-colored molding compositions mainly of polymethyl (meth) acrylate, characterized in that the inorganic pigments IR are reflective and in that the molded product obtained therefrom, a heating rate of less than 5O 0 C / 20 having min.
2. Verwendung von anorganischen Pigmenten zur Herstellung von dunkelfarbigen Formmassen nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der daraus hergestellte Formkörper eine Aufheizrate von weniger als 45°C / 20 min aufweist.2. Use of inorganic pigments for the preparation of dark-colored molding compositions according to claim 1, characterized in that the molded body produced therefrom has a heating rate of less than 45 ° C / 20 min.
3. Verwendung von anorganischen Pigmenten zur Herstellung von dunkelfarbigen Formmassen nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der daraus hergestellte Formkörper eine Aufheizrate von weniger als 400C / 20 min aufweist.3. Use of inorganic pigments for the preparation of dark-colored molding compositions according to claim 1, characterized in that the molded body produced therefrom has a heating rate of less than 40 0 C / 20 min.
4. Verwendung von anorganischen Pigmenten zur Herstellung von dunkelfarbigen Formmassen nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Formmasse aus einer Mischung aus Polymethyl(meth)acrylat und bis zu 45 Gew.-% einer weiteren Matrix aus4. Use of inorganic pigments for the preparation of dark-colored molding compositions according to claim 1, characterized in that the molding composition of a mixture of polymethyl (meth) acrylate and up to 45 wt .-% of another matrix
- 70 - 92 Gew.-% Styrol- 70 - 92 wt .-% styrene
- 8 - 30 Gew.-% Acrylnitril- 8 - 30 wt .-% acrylonitrile
- 0-22 Gew.-% weiterer Comonomere und anorganischen Pigmenten besteht.0-22 wt .-% of other comonomers and inorganic pigments.
5. Verwendung der dunkelfarbigen Formmassen nach den Ansprüchen 1-4 zur Herstellung von Kunststoffformkörpern. 5. Use of the dark-colored molding compositions according to claims 1-4 for the production of plastic moldings.
6. Verwendung des Kunststoffformkörper nach Anspruch 5 zum Beschichten von Kunststoffformkörpern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man den Kunststoffformkörper mit Hilfe üblicher Methoden auf den zweiten Kunststoffformkörper aufbringt.6. Use of the plastic molding according to claim 5 for the coating of plastic moldings, characterized in that applying the plastic molding using conventional methods on the second plastic molding.
7. Verwendung des Kunststoffformkörpern nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man auf den Kunststoffformkörper mit Hilfe üblicher Methoden mindestens eine weitere Kunststoffschicht aufbringt.7. Use of the plastic moldings according to claim 6, characterized in that applying at least one further plastic layer to the plastic molding by means of conventional methods.
8. IR-reflektierend ausgerüstete Formmassen aus Polymethyl(meth)acrylat,8. IR-reflective molding compositions of polymethyl (meth) acrylate,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
dass die Menge an PMMA-Formmasse zwischen 95 und 99,5 Masse-% beträgt und die Menge an IR-reflektierendem Pigment zwischen 5 und 0,5 Masse-% beträgt.the amount of PMMA molding compound is between 95 and 99.5 mass% and the amount of IR-reflecting pigment is between 5 and 0.5 mass%.
9. IR-reflektierend ausgerüstete Formmasse aus PMMA und weiteren Polymeren9. IR-reflecting finished molding compound of PMMA and other polymers
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
dass die Formmasse aus 90 - 40 Gew.-% aus PMMA besteht und von 0 - 45 Gew.-% aus einer Matrix austhat the molding compound consists of 90-40 wt .-% of PMMA and from 0 - 45 wt .-% of a matrix
70 - 72 Gew.-% aus Polystyrol70-72% by weight of polystyrene
8 - 30 Gew.-% Polyacrylnitril und8-30% by weight of polyacrylonitrile and
0 - 22 Gew.-% weiteren Copolymeren und 0,5 - 5 Gew.-% IR-reflektierendem Pigment besteht. 0-22 wt .-% of other copolymers and 0.5 to 5 wt .-% IR-reflective pigment.
EP05798159A 2004-12-01 2005-10-25 Subduedly colored, infrared reflecting plastic compound Withdrawn EP1817375A1 (en)

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DE102004058083A DE102004058083A1 (en) 2004-12-01 2004-12-01 Covered colored, infrared-reflecting plastic molding compound
PCT/EP2005/011408 WO2006058584A1 (en) 2004-12-01 2005-10-25 Subduedly colored, infrared reflecting plastic compound

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JP2008521978A (en) 2008-06-26

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