EP1808399A2 - Gurtaufzug mit Antrieb am Gegengewicht - Google Patents

Gurtaufzug mit Antrieb am Gegengewicht Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1808399A2
EP1808399A2 EP07008069A EP07008069A EP1808399A2 EP 1808399 A2 EP1808399 A2 EP 1808399A2 EP 07008069 A EP07008069 A EP 07008069A EP 07008069 A EP07008069 A EP 07008069A EP 1808399 A2 EP1808399 A2 EP 1808399A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drive
counterweight
rope
elevator
traction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07008069A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1808399B1 (de
EP1808399A3 (de
Inventor
Richard J. Ericson
Helmut L. Schröder-Brumlop
Jean-Marc Ferraray
Armondo Servia
Pascal Rebillard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Otis Elevator Co
Original Assignee
Otis Elevator Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US09/031,108 external-priority patent/US6401871B2/en
Priority claimed from US09/163,584 external-priority patent/US6138799A/en
Application filed by Otis Elevator Co filed Critical Otis Elevator Co
Priority claimed from EP99908277A external-priority patent/EP1056676B1/de
Publication of EP1808399A2 publication Critical patent/EP1808399A2/de
Publication of EP1808399A3 publication Critical patent/EP1808399A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1808399B1 publication Critical patent/EP1808399B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B9/00—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B9/02—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures actuated mechanically otherwise than by rope or cable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/0035—Arrangement of driving gear, e.g. location or support
    • B66B11/0045—Arrangement of driving gear, e.g. location or support in the hoistway
    • B66B11/0055—Arrangement of driving gear, e.g. location or support in the hoistway on the counterweight
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B9/00—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B9/02—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures actuated mechanically otherwise than by rope or cable
    • B66B9/027—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures actuated mechanically otherwise than by rope or cable by rope climbing devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to elevator systems and, more particularly, to an elevator guide system requiring less installation and operation space than conventional elevator systems by utilizing combined function structures so that an elevator counterweight houses a drive system.
  • the hoistway is an elongated, vertical shaft having a rectangular base in which the elevator car translates.
  • the hoistway houses, among other things, the car guide rails which are usually a pair of generally parallel rails, fixed to opposite walls near the center of each wall, and running the approximate length of the hoistway.
  • a counterweight having a pair of guide rails is positioned adjacent to a third wall.
  • the hoistway houses additional components including terminal landing switches, ropes and sheave arrangements, and buffers for the counterweight and the car.
  • the elevator components are located and oriented with precision prior to and during operation.
  • the interior walls of the hoistway must be properly dimensioned and aligned, and the physical interface between the hoistway walls and the elevator components must be capable of withstanding varying load during use.
  • the guide rails on which the car rides are properly positioned and solidly maintained.
  • Guide rails are typically steel, T-shaped sections in sixteen foot lengths.
  • the position of guide rails within the hoistway affects the position of the hoisting machine, governor and overhead (machine room) equipment.
  • the machine room is typically located directly above the hoistway.
  • the machine room houses the hoist machine and governor, the car controller, a positioning device, a motor generator set, and a service disconnect switch.
  • a counterweight-drive assembly includes a motor and drive pulley sized to maintain a narrow profile and to be suspended and to move in coordination with an elevator car.
  • the counterweight-drive assembly is connected to an elevator car by one or more suspension ropes or belts.
  • a traction belt preferably toothed, is adapted to engage the drive pulley and is fixed vertically in the hoistway to form the counterweight-drive assembly path.
  • the traction belt need not necessarily be a toothed belt.
  • a conventional rope or a flat rope or belt may be used.
  • the terms “flat belt” and “flat rope” mean a belt or rope having an aspect ratio of greater than one, where the aspect ratio is the ratio of the belt or rope width to the thickness.
  • the counterweight-drive assembly When torque is applied through the drive pulley, the counterweight-drive assembly is caused to move up or down the hoistway. Additional deflection rollers guide the traction belt around the drive pulley to attain sufficient surface contact area and resultant traction. Because a flat belt is used, sufficient traction is achieved with a small diameter drive pulley, thus conserving space. The optional use of a flat, toothed belt enhances traction further.
  • a counterweight-drive assembly in another embodiment, includes a modular motor arrangement of four drive motors mounted to a counterweight body. Each motor has a sheave that cooperates with one of two fixed ropes attached at a hoistway ceiling and tensioned at the other end by a spring or tensioning weight.
  • the motors and sheaves are preferably positioned at the four corners of the counterweight body.
  • the motors and sheaves are proportioned and arranged to minimize thickness of the assembly and, thus, spaced required for mounting and operation.
  • the path of the ropes around the upper and lower sheaves provides 360 degree effective wrap around for high traction.
  • the use of mulitple drive sheaves enables a large collective traction area with small diameter sheaves and small motors, thereby conserving space.
  • Another advantage of using multiple drive sheaves and corresponding motors is that, in the event of failure of one motor, the others can continue the operation of the elevator system provided that they are sufficiently powered.
  • each can be respectively optimized for its particular function without concern for other performance characteristics,
  • the suspension ropes can be optimized for tension failure since they are not required to provide a traction medium.
  • the traction rope can be optimized for traction with only limited concern for tension failure, as the maximum tension it is subjected to results from the mass difference between the car and the counterweight.
  • the use of traction belts enables a reduction in motor size where, for example, cylindrical motors can be implemented instead of flat motors.
  • An elevator assembly includes an elevator car (12) and a guide rail assembly (14).
  • the guide rail assembly (14) comprises an elongated, vertical member (18) having at least two faces for fixing, respectively, a first elevator car guide rail (20) and a first counterweight guide rail (22).
  • the vertical member (18) may be attached to a stationary structure such as a wall of the hoistway (not shown).
  • a second elevator car guide rail (16) is positioned opposite of and facing the first elevator car guide rail (20).
  • the two elevator car guide rails (20, 16) are adapted to slidingly receive the elevator car (12) in a conventional manner through the use of conventional guide shoes (not shown) or the like.
  • a second counterweight guide rail (24) is positioned opposite of and facing the first counterweight guide rail (22) in such a way that the two counterweight guide rails (22, 24) lay in a plane that is generally orthogonal to the plane in which the elevator car guide rails (16, 20) lay.
  • the counterweight-drive assembly (26) comprises a body (28) housing a drive assembly (30), a motor (32), and weights (34), as shown in Fig.4.
  • Components of the drive assembly (30) are shown schematically in Fig. 3 and include a toothed drive pulley (36) adapted to provide torque from the motor (32), and first and second deflection pulleys (38, 40) for effecting surface contact of the toothed belt (42) along a predetermined surface area of the drive pulley (36) for predetermined traction.
  • tension varying devices (44, 46) which may be of a conventional type such as springs (not shown).
  • a belt-tensioning device (48) is shown schematically and it may also be of a conventional type such as a spring (not shown).
  • the motor (32) can be an electric motor and can be supplied power and control signals via a power and control cable (50) as shown, whereby the cable (50) is adapted to move with the counterweight-drive assembly (26).
  • a first end (54) of the suspension belt (52) is fixed to a stationary object overhead, such as a beam (56) of the ceiling of the hoistway (not shown).
  • a first idler pulley (58) fixed to the counterweight-drive assembly (26) engages the suspension belt (52).
  • a second idler pulley (60) fixed to the overhead beam (56) engages the suspension belt (52).
  • Third and fourth idler pulleys (62, 64) are fixed to the bottom of the elevator car (12) and also engage the belt (52).
  • the third and fourth idler pulleys (62, 64) need not necessarily be positioned under the elevator car (12) and may be, for example, replaced by one or more idler pulleys positioned above the car.
  • the second end (64) of the suspension belt (52) is fixed relative to the hoistway (not shown) at a height sufficient to enable desired vertical movement of the elevator car (12) and counterweight-drive asembly (26) as will be described below.
  • the length of available belt (52) extending past the second idler pulley (60) is proportionally shortened and the elevator car (12) is caused to be lifted upward on the third and fourth idler pulleys (62, 64).
  • the elevator car (12) is lowered as the counterweight-drive assembly (26) is driven upward.
  • the present invention eliminates the need for a machine room, requires less total material, and enables use of small diameter drive (36) and idler pulleys (58, 60, 62, 64) because traction is dependent only on a toothed pulley arrangement.
  • the machine or drive assembly (26) can be accessed either from the bottom of the hoistway or through a window or opening in the elevator car (12) when positioned in alignment.
  • the design of the present invention eliminates body-conducted vibrations and noise from the motor (32) to the car (12) or building.
  • the toothed belt (42) and suspension belt (52) inherently dampen vibrations.
  • the counterweight-drive assembly (26) may be preassembled and pre-tested to save on installation time and to increase reliability.
  • the use of a toothed belt (42) and drive pulley (36) eliminates slippage and provides for absolute positioning. Since traction is not dependent upon weight, a lightweight car (12) can be used, enabling the use of a smaller and more efficient motor (32).
  • a second embodiment of the present invention is directed to a self-climbing counterweight-drive assembly (100).
  • the counterweight-drive assembly (100) can be adapted to be used with a belt (52) and idler (58, 60, 62, 64) arrangement in accordance with Figs. 1-4 or in a similar fashion to couple the assembly (100) with an elevator car (12).
  • movement of the elevator car (12) will be dependent upon movement of the counterweight-drive assembly (100).
  • the counter-weight drive assembly (100) of the second embodiment includes a body (102) having fixed thereon a group of four electric motors (104, 106, 108, 110). Each motor (104-110) is equipped with a corresponding drive sheave (112, 114, 116, 118). A pair of fixed ropes (120, 122) are attached to an overhead structure (not shown) in the hoistway (not shown) and are either fixed or tensioned by conventional means (not shown) at the bottom. As shown specifically in Fig.
  • each rope (120, 122) extends downwardly to engage and wrap under a lower drive sheave (118), extends upwardly to engage and wrap over an upper drive sheave (114), and extends downward again to be tensioned or fixed.
  • the traction between the ropes (120, 122) and sheaves (112-118) is controlled by adjusting the tension in each respective rope (120, 122). It is preferred that the ropes (120, 122) are flat ropes because they are capable of wrapping around small diameter sheaves while supplying sufficient traction. It is then possible to minimize profile thickness of the assembly (100).
  • each drive sheave (112-118) is engaged by one of the ropes (120, 122) about 180 degrees and, thus, the total effective wrap angle is about 360 degrees on each side.
  • the total wrap angle is determinative of the total traction.
  • mounting motors on a counterweight-drive assembly will remove vibration and noise from the car (12).
  • the positioning of the drive sheaves (112-118) makes sheave mounting and servicing convenient.
  • the ability to use small motors (104-110) provides costs savings.
  • a principal feature of the present invention is the flatness of the ropes used in the above described elevator system.
  • the increase in aspect ratio results in a rope that has an engagement surface, defined by the width dimension "w", that is optimized to distribute the rope pressure. Therefore, the maximum rope pressure is minimized within the rope.
  • the thickness "t1"of the flat rope may be reduced while maintaining a constant cross-sectional area of the portions of the rope supporting the tension load in the rope.
  • the flat ropes 722 include a plurality of individual load carrying cords 726 encased within a common layer of coating 728.
  • the coating layer 728 separates the individual cords 726 and defines an engagement surface 730 for engaging the traction sheave 724.
  • the load carrying cords 726 may be formed from a high-strength, lightweight non-metallic material, such as aramid fibers, or may be formed from a metallic material, such as thin, high-carbon steel fibers. It is desirable to maintain the thickness "d" of the cords 726 as small as possible in order to maximize the flexibility and minimize the stress in the cords 726.
  • the fiber diameters should be less than .25 millimeters in diameter and preferably in the range of about 10 millimeters to .20 millimeters in diameter.
  • Steel fibers having such diameter improve the flexibility of the cords and the rope.
  • the traction sheave diameter "D" may be reduced while maintaining the maximum rope pressure within acceptable limits.
  • the engagement surface 730 is in contact with a corresponding surface 750 of the traction sheave 724.
  • the coating layer 728 is formed from a polyurethane material, preferably a thermoplastic urethane, that is extruded onto and through the plurality of cords 726 in such a manner that each of the individual cords 726 is restrained against longitudinal movement relative to the other cords 726.
  • Other materials may also be used for the coating layer if they are sufficient to meet the required functions of the coating layer: traction, wear, transmission of traction loads to the cords and resistance to environmental factors.
  • thermoplastic urethane if they do not meet or exceed the mechanical properties of a thermoplastic urethane, then the benefits resulting from the use of flat ropes may be reduced. With the thermoplastic urethane mechanical properties the traction sheave 724 diameter is reducible to 100 millimeters or less.
  • the rope pressure may be distributed more uniformly throughout the rope 722. Because of the incorporation of a plurality of small cords 726 into the flat rope elastomer coating layer 728, the pressure on each cord 726 is significantly diminished over prior art ropes. Cord pressure is decreased at least as n -1 ⁇ 2 , with n being the number of parallel cords in the flat rope, for a given load and wire cross section. Therefore, the maximum rope pressure in the flat rope is significantly reduced as compared to a conventionally roped elevator having a similar load carrying capacity.
  • the effective rope diameter 'd' (measured in the bending direction) is reduced for the equivalent load bearing capacity and smaller values for the sheave diameter 'D' may be attained without a reduction in the D/d ratio.
  • minimizing the diameter D of the sheave permits the use of less costly, more compact, high speed motors as the drive machine.
  • a traction sheave 724 having a traction surface 750 configured to receive the flat rope 722 is also shown in Fig. 7.
  • the engagement surface 750 is complementarily shaped to provide traction and to guide the engagement between the flat ropes 722 and the sheave 724.
  • the traction sheave 724 includes a pair of rims 744 disposed on opposite sides of the sheave 724 and one or more dividers 745 disposed between adjacent flat ropes.
  • the traction sheave 724 also includes liners 742 received within the spaces between the rims 744 and dividers 745.
  • the liners 742 define the engagement surface 750 such that there are lateral gaps 754 between the sides of the flat ropes 722 and the liners 742.
  • a traction sheave without liners may be used.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
  • Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
EP07008069A 1998-02-26 1999-02-19 Gurtaufzug mit Antrieb am Gegengewicht Expired - Lifetime EP1808399B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/031,108 US6401871B2 (en) 1998-02-26 1998-02-26 Tension member for an elevator
US09/163,584 US6138799A (en) 1998-09-30 1998-09-30 Belt-climbing elevator having drive in counterweight
US09/218,990 US6739433B1 (en) 1998-02-26 1998-12-22 Tension member for an elevator
EP99908277A EP1056676B1 (de) 1998-02-26 1999-02-19 Riemenkletternder aufzug mit antrieb im gegengewicht

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99908277A Division EP1056676B1 (de) 1998-02-26 1999-02-19 Riemenkletternder aufzug mit antrieb im gegengewicht

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1808399A2 true EP1808399A2 (de) 2007-07-18
EP1808399A3 EP1808399A3 (de) 2007-11-28
EP1808399B1 EP1808399B1 (de) 2009-12-09

Family

ID=26706845

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07008069A Expired - Lifetime EP1808399B1 (de) 1998-02-26 1999-02-19 Gurtaufzug mit Antrieb am Gegengewicht

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1808399B1 (de)
KR (1) KR100567688B1 (de)
TW (1) TW479050B (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010010024A1 (de) * 2008-07-23 2010-01-28 Inventio Ag Aufzuganlage mit selbstfahrendem gegengewicht
WO2020089606A3 (en) * 2018-10-29 2020-07-09 Stiltz Limited Elevator systems, elevator drive mechanisms, fire guards, and safety systems
US11040859B2 (en) 2018-08-20 2021-06-22 Otis Elevator Company Frameless elevator counterweight

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102278002B1 (ko) 2020-12-03 2021-07-15 (주)엠알솔루텍 엘리베이터용 균형추 하중 가변 조절 방법 및 엘리베이터용 균형추 하중 가변 조절 시스템

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1362513A (en) * 1970-03-16 1974-08-07 Teleflex Ltd Cables and winching arrangements therefor
GB2134209A (en) * 1982-12-30 1984-08-08 Blacks Equip Ltd Belts or ropes suitable for haulage and lifts
FR2640604A1 (fr) * 1988-12-15 1990-06-22 Otis Elevator Co Ascenseur avec machine d'entrainement a adherence embarquee
EP0565516A1 (de) * 1992-04-09 1993-10-13 Werner Mag. Dr. Hagel Aufzug
EP0606875A1 (de) * 1993-01-11 1994-07-20 Kone Oy Aufzugsmotor im Gegengewicht eingesetzt
EP0630849A2 (de) * 1993-06-28 1994-12-28 Kone Oy Aufzugsantriebsmaschine im Gegengewicht eingesetzt
EP0631969A2 (de) * 1993-06-28 1995-01-04 Kone Oy Im Gegengewicht eingebauter Aufzugsmotor

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5191920A (en) * 1991-05-01 1993-03-09 Mcgregor Harold R Z-belt type lifting and stabilizing mechanism for vertical bag filling machines

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1362513A (en) * 1970-03-16 1974-08-07 Teleflex Ltd Cables and winching arrangements therefor
GB2134209A (en) * 1982-12-30 1984-08-08 Blacks Equip Ltd Belts or ropes suitable for haulage and lifts
FR2640604A1 (fr) * 1988-12-15 1990-06-22 Otis Elevator Co Ascenseur avec machine d'entrainement a adherence embarquee
EP0565516A1 (de) * 1992-04-09 1993-10-13 Werner Mag. Dr. Hagel Aufzug
EP0606875A1 (de) * 1993-01-11 1994-07-20 Kone Oy Aufzugsmotor im Gegengewicht eingesetzt
EP0630849A2 (de) * 1993-06-28 1994-12-28 Kone Oy Aufzugsantriebsmaschine im Gegengewicht eingesetzt
EP0631969A2 (de) * 1993-06-28 1995-01-04 Kone Oy Im Gegengewicht eingebauter Aufzugsmotor

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010010024A1 (de) * 2008-07-23 2010-01-28 Inventio Ag Aufzuganlage mit selbstfahrendem gegengewicht
US11040859B2 (en) 2018-08-20 2021-06-22 Otis Elevator Company Frameless elevator counterweight
WO2020089606A3 (en) * 2018-10-29 2020-07-09 Stiltz Limited Elevator systems, elevator drive mechanisms, fire guards, and safety systems

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1808399B1 (de) 2009-12-09
TW479050B (en) 2002-03-11
KR100567688B1 (ko) 2006-04-05
KR20010041322A (ko) 2001-05-15
EP1808399A3 (de) 2007-11-28

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