EP1805436A1

EP1805436A1 - Pressure mechanism and closure therefor

Info

Publication number: EP1805436A1
Application number: EP05807572A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Günter Schierjott
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2004-10-23
Filing date: 2005-10-24
Publication date: 2007-07-11
Also published as: DE102004051722A1; WO2006045573A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a pressure mechanism, particularly a sampling cooler, comprising an exterior jacket tube. At least one side of said pressure mechanism is closed with the aid of a lid element that fits into a conical expansion of the jacket tube by means of a conical taper. The lid element is joined to the pressure vessel via at least one securing element while being provided with a sealing element in the region of a conical taper.

Description

PRESSURE EQUIPMENT, AS WELL AS CLOSURE THEREOF

The invention relates to a pressure device, in particular a Probenahmen¬ cooler, with an outer jacket tube. In particular, the jacket tube has at least one inlet and outlet for a liquid medium and at least one tube passing through the pressure vessel for a medium to be tempered.

Sampling coolers for the examination of water and vapor samples for determining, for example, the electrical conductivity, the pH, the O 2 content or other measured values are known. Such measured values can be determined in perfect form only at room temperature and in the relaxed state of the sample to be examined.

In particular, in the power plant and boiler operation, but also in the chemical industry sampling coolers are used, which are suitable for cooling water, steam and gas samples to room temperature and at the same time to relax a conducive to the measurement pressure. The coolers usually operate in counterflow and comply with safety regulations. In the power plant area, for example, such coolers are designed for a maximum operating pressure of 375 bar and a maximum operating temperature of 550 ^° C. Cooling water side, such cooler can be operated with a maximum pressure of 25 bar and a temperature of 100 ⁰ C. The sampling coolers which have become known in the state of the art and are used in power plants consist regularly of cooling coils of different lengths arranged in jacket pipes for the cooling water guide.

The material to be measured and the cooling water are flowed in countercurrent, the measured material generally passing through the radiator in a cooling coil to exhaust the cooling capacity of the radiator. Inlets and outlets may be arranged at opposite ends of the radiator, but are often merged for maintenance reasons in the head area. Cover and jacket are frictionally connected with the inclusion of a sealing element. Frequently, the bottom is formed as a deep-drawn fitting, for example as a Klöp¬ perboden, and ver¬ welded with a peripheral circumferential seam with the jacket tube. This is so to derive the internal forces on the wall, which is claimed only by train. In embodiments which are less heavily loaded, the floor is occasionally made of a welded-on cover plate.

The cover element in the head region of the jacket tube is usually made via a flange connection to a welding flange in the edge region of the jacket tube. Flange connections are labor and material consuming; Moreover, they require extremely careful work when laying the welding seams. Due to the forces acting from the inside under high pressure, there are always leaks even in the case of chambered sealing rings, in particular in the case of longer service lives and maintenance-related removal of the cover element.

Pressure vessels with welded base plate are usually not suitable to withstand higher pressures. For this reason, it is überge¬ went to connect overhanging lid and bottom elements via clamping elements outside the casing tube with each other and to clamp. Inserted sealing rings, which are found on the end faces of the jacket tube, are not suitable for lack of guidance and chambering to ensure tightness even at high pressures. The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a cover element for a pressure vessel, which overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of the solutions of the prior art, namely the time and material-consuming flanging and leakage problems, and thus a simple and cost-effective production of such Deckelelernenten and thus equipped pressure vessels to allow.

This object is achieved with a pressure vessel of the type mentioned, which is closed at least on one side with a cover member which is fitted in a conical extension of the jacket tube, wherein the cover member o is connected via at least one securing element to the pressure vessel and in the region of the conical extension having a sealing element.

The lid element used according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in sampling coolers, but also in any other type of pressure vessels, for example coolers of various types, collecting containers, reactors, storage containers, flow vessels and the like. In particular, however, a cover element according to the invention can also be used for the production of accesses and manholes for all types of pressure containers and pressure lines.

The principle used according to the invention, to fit the cover in an o conical extension of the jacket tube in its edge region, solves a number of problems and has advantages over solutions of the prior art.

When fitting a cylindrical cover and clamping it in the head region of a jacket tube, the uniformity of the interacting 5 parts is of crucial importance. This means that with a cylindrical course of the tube and cylindrical plug or cover a uniform circular shape is essential. However, this is in many cases already disturbed by a mere weld, as it often occurs in the production of jacket pipes. Reworking is expensive and rarely leads to an effectively even round. If, however, the end face of the jacket tube is widened with a mandrel, a conical enlargement results with a very even course and, in particular, uniform pitch. At the same time, unevenness, for example by welds, is leveled. The thus available surface, which serves as a stop for a cover element and a seal therein, thus fulfilling all requirements.

The corresponding configuration of the cover element with a conical taper in the edge region corresponding to the conical extension of the jacket tube is readily possible.

Preferably, the cover element has a cantilevered cover plate which projects beyond the widened edge of the jacket tube. This facilitates the handling of the pressure vessel or lid and the approach of tools.

The conical widening of the jacket tube or conical taper of the cover element preferably moves in the range of 10 to 50 ° to the perpendicular and in particular of 10 to 30 °. An angle of about 20 ° has proven to be optimal for the bracing of the cover elements according to the invention and the sealing effect of the associated sealing elements in many cases.

To produce the tightness under pressure, a sealing element is located between the cover element and the conical extension of the jacket tube. It has proved to be particularly advantageous to provide a sealing ring, in particular an O-ring in a groove, which leads to a chambered seal, which under the older by the tension of the lid member with the Druckbeh resulting pressure and the inner B operating pressure proved to be 5 extremely resistant. The arrangement on an inclined surface as a sealing surface also prevents premature mechanical wear at Wartungsarbeϊten, since the sealing compound is exposed when removing the Deckel¬ elements of the casing pipe only small forces.

The erfindungsgernäße design of the seal with a small number of o wall does not require large sealing forces and therefore loads the See- only slightly. High maintenance friendliness with good sealing effect is achieved.

According to the invention, the pressure vessel in its interior, ie within the jacket tube, a securing element, which is in particular a tension rod. Such a tension rod extends from the lid member to the bottom or to the opposite wall of the pressure vessel and is set at both ends so that it is in the operational pressure vessel under tension. For less stress, it is usually sufficient to vor¬ a central tension rod vor¬, which extends from the center of the lid member to the opposite Wan düng or to the bottom of the pressure vessel. For high loads, however, it may be advantageous to provide a plurality of tie rods, which are arranged uniformly or symmetrically about the central axis.

It is also readily possible to arrange a plurality of tension rods outside the casing tube on projections or flanges in the lid / bottom and / or wall region. The same applies to the interior of the sheath tube in which hedging rods can be guided from the cover to a correspondingly formed projection of the wall and fixed thereto. In general, however, a tension of the lid and bottom element will be preferable.

The tension rods can be firmly connected to the wall opposite the cover element or fixed to the floor, for example by screwing or welding, or can be passed through and secured with clamping nuts. A screwing or welding in the bottom element or on the wall, however, is advantageous because no holes to be sealed occur.

The Bodeπelement the pressure vessel may be welded or analogously zürn cover element consist of a conical extension with a conically tapered bottom cover. If the floor is welded on, it can be welded onto the wall or it can be designed as a dished bottom. In the case of a dished bottom, it is expedient to provide only one central tension rod, which is welded centrally to the dished bottom. When passing through the bottom and the cover element Sicherungs¬ rods, it is necessary to secure them by suitable means, such as a mother. It is understood that corresponding sealing elements of the usual type are einge¬ fitted.

Bottom and lid elements of the pressure vessel according to the invention may have facilities necessary for the respective purpose, beispiels¬ as supply and discharge lines for cooling or heating water, supply and discharge for one or more fluids to be tempered, such as water or gases, Aufnah¬ men for Measuring instruments and the like. Preferred uses of such pressure vessels is for sampling coolers and flow devices, such as those used in the industry. The printing devices according to the invention can be dimensioned almost arbitrarily. In this case, compressive strength of 100 bar or more readily possible with appropriate dimensioning of the wall thicknesses and securing elements.

The invention relates not only to a pressure vessel equipped with the cover elements but also to the closure device itself, which consists of a cover element with a conical taper, which is fitted in a conically widening receptacle. In this case, the cover element is connected via a Sicherungsele¬ ment with the object to be closed and has in the region of the conical taper on a sealing element. For the rest, reference is made to the above description.

Such a closure device can be used not only for the pressure vessels described above, but also for closing pressurized reactors, storage tanks, collecting tanks and also pipelines. In that regard, such a lid member then the necessary for the respective purpose additional facilities, such as inlets and outlets and recordings for measuring instruments. But it is also readily possible to use such a lid member only for the closure of entrances or manholes to tanks and Lagerbehältem or to pressure lines. In any case, however, such a closure device has a securing element which is connected to the respective pressure vessel or the respective pressure lines in such a way that it engages the lid element with it existing sealing element in the conical extension of the jacket tube hine¬ tend pulls or pushes.

The invention is explained in more detail by the following figures. From the pictures shows:

Figure 1 is an inventive design

Sampling cooler in the outer view;

FIG. 2 shows the sampling cooler of FIG. 1 in FIG

Bottom view; and

3 shows the bottom portion of a sampling tube according to the invention in section.

The sampling radiator according to FIG. 1 consists of a jacket tube 1, which is closed at the top by a cover element 2 and at the bottom by a base element 3. The reference numerals 4 and 5 denote the inlet and outlet for the cooling medium, usually cooling water and the reference numerals 6 and 7, the inlet or inlet for the fluid to be cooled, which consist of a liquid, a gas or a gas / liquid mixture can. With the Bezugsziffem 10 and 12 respectively recordings and union nuts for fixing the Aus¬ or inlet for the fluid to be cooled are referred to.

The sampling cooler is usually fixed with a holder 9 on a vertical surface.

Inside the sampling cooler runs a tensioning rod 14, which is in this case arm cover element 2 is welded or screwed, the Boden¬ element 3 penetrates and is secured against the bottom element 3 with a clamping nut 8. The clamping nut is a standard hexagon nut.

FIG. 2 shows the sampling cooler of FIG. 1 in a bottom view of the bottom element 3 with the inlet 4 for the cooling medium, the outlet 6 for the fluid to be cooled and the associated union nut 10, and Screw for the tension rod 14 (Fig. 1) with the clamping nut 8 and a sealing element 11th

The conical enlargement in the edge region of the jacket tube rs 1 is represented by the reference numeral 15 (FIG. 1); this area is hidden in FIG. 2 by the overhanging floor element 3.

FIG. 3 shows the bottom region of a sampling cooler according to the invention with the tensioning rod 14 in section with the jacket tube 1, which widens conically in the end region 15. The bottom element 3 projects with its edge region 18 beyond the bottom-side termination of the jacket tube 1 and is correspondingly tapered to form the conical extension 15 of the jacket tube 1. In a circumferential groove 17 is a seal 13 in the form of an O-ring, which presses against the Innen¬ wall of the conical extension 15 of the jacket tube 1 with a fitted bottom element 3 and reliably seals. The cover element 2 is designed analogously.

Cover element 2 and bottom element 3 are braced against each other via the tension rod 14. In the cover element 2 of the tension rod 14 is preferably inserted into a blind hole, not shown, and welded therein. An additional seal of the tension rod 14 is therefore not required. By means of the bottom element 3, however, the tensioning rod 14 projects through and is accordingly sealed to the outside of the bottom element 3 with the sealing element 11. On the bottom end of the tension rod 14, the clamping nut 8 is screwed, with the aid of which the biasing force can be adjusted, which pulls the Deckelele¬ element 2 and the bottom element 3 in the respective conical extension 15 of the casing tube 1. The power flow is closed by jacket tube 1, cover element 2, tension rod 14 and bottom element 3.

The bottom element 3 has the inlet 4 for the cooling medium and the outlet 6 for the fluid to be cooled. The drain 6 is fixed by means of a receptacle 12 screwed into the floor element 3 and is held in the receptacle 12 by means of a union nut 10. Between receiving 12 and cap nut 10, a sealing insert 19 is arranged, which seals the outlet 6.

Claims

claims

1. Pressure device, in particular sampling radiator, with an outer jacket tube, characterized in that it is closed at least on one side with a cover element, which is ein¬ fitted with a conical taper in a conical extension of the jacket tube, wherein the cover member via at least one securing element with the pressure vessel is connected and in the region of a conical Verjün- supply has a sealing element.

2. Printing device according to claim 1, characterized by at least one each inlet and outlet for a fluid medium.

3. Printing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized gekennzeich¬ net, that the closure element is a lid having a cantilever lid 5 plate.

4. Printing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover has a groove for the chambering of the sealing element in the fit region.

5. Printing device according to claim 4, characterized in that o the Dichtelemeht an O-ring (O-ring) is.

6. Printing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one securing element is a tension rod.

7. Printing device according to claim 6, characterized in that the tensioning rod passes through the interior of the pressure vessel.

8. Printing device according to claim 7, characterized by a single tie rod, which is arranged centrally.

9. Printing device according to claim 7, characterized by a plurality of tension rods, which are arranged symmetrically to the axis of the pressure vessel.

10. Printing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a welded bottom element.

11. Printing device according to claim 10, characterized by a dished bottom.

12. Printing device according to one of claims 1 to 9, geken nzeich- net by a conical extension of the casing tube in the bottom region and a fitted with a conical taper in the conical extension bottom element.

13. Printing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one securing element is screwed on one side to the pressure vessel or welded and guided on the gegenüber¬ lying side by the cover member and secured with a clamping nut.

14. Closing device, in particular for pressure vessels or pressure lines, characterized by a cover element with a conical taper, which is fitted in a conically widening receptacle, the cover element being connected to the receptacle via at least one securing element. closing object is connected and in the region of the conical taper has a sealing element, according to one of claims 1 to 13.

15. Use of the closure device according to claim 14 for closing Ver¬ operated under pressure coolers, sump, reactors, storage containers, lines and the like.

16. Use according to claim 15 for training and securing manholes.