EP1792018B1 - A pyrotechnic method for the stabilisation of low bearing capacity subsoil - Google Patents

A pyrotechnic method for the stabilisation of low bearing capacity subsoil Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1792018B1
EP1792018B1 EP05752697A EP05752697A EP1792018B1 EP 1792018 B1 EP1792018 B1 EP 1792018B1 EP 05752697 A EP05752697 A EP 05752697A EP 05752697 A EP05752697 A EP 05752697A EP 1792018 B1 EP1792018 B1 EP 1792018B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
charges
shot
soil
layer
holes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP05752697A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1792018A1 (en
Inventor
Ryszard Imiolek
Ryszard Kaptur
Natalia Kisielowa
Eugeniusz Dembicki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Polbud-Pomorze Spoelka Z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialn
Original Assignee
Polbud Wykonawstwo
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Polbud Wykonawstwo filed Critical Polbud Wykonawstwo
Priority to PL05752697T priority Critical patent/PL1792018T3/pl
Publication of EP1792018A1 publication Critical patent/EP1792018A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1792018B1 publication Critical patent/EP1792018B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
    • E02D3/10—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a pyrotechnic method for the stabilisation of low bearing capacity subsoil, also called weak soil. This method is used in civil and harbour engineering, and during the construction of motorways, roads, airports, railway lines etc.
  • Pyrotechnic methods use the energy of shock waves resulting from the explosion of charges.
  • Charges are placed in non-tabulated shot holes, in at least three parallel layers.
  • each layer the charges are placed at the vertexes of a grid of equilateral triangles.
  • the length of the sides of these triangles is a quarter of the radius of effective action of the shock wave.
  • the layers are arranged such that the vertexes of the triangles of one layer are shifted in relation to the vertexes of the triangles of the next layer, by half the length of a triangle side.
  • the distance between layers is such that the ends of the charges of one layer are on the plane which bisects lengthways the charges of the next layer.
  • the shot holes the diameters of which vary from 15 to 30 cm, are drilled with a bentonite suspension. The use of charges with a diameter of 5 to 6 cm is recommended.
  • Polish patent description no. 145208 Another method for the consolidation of cohesive soil lying under a layer of saturated non-cohesive soil, is set out in the Polish patent description no. 145208 .
  • the first series of oblong charges are placed in the cohesive soil in the shot holes, which should reach down to load bearing soil.
  • the charges are arranged at an equal distance of four times the radius of the effective impact of the explosion of the charges, which distance depends on the weight of the explosive in the charges.
  • a method according to the preamble of claim 1 can be found in NL-A-770 39 35 .
  • the invention proposes a pyrotechnic method of soil stabilisation characterised by shot holes with a diameter from 0.02 to 1.5 m and a depth of up to 50 m, drilled with a water flush or a mud or clay suspension, at a spacing of 3 to 25 m, this spacing distance being inversely proportional to the thickness of the layer of soil that is to be stabilised.
  • the charges are composed of several small “sub-charges", spaced at distances from 1 to 10 m down the shot hole. The bottom end of each charge is blocked with a rod the diameter of which is greater than that of the shot hole.
  • the sub-charges are fired successively from the top one to the bottom one, with a delay of between 0.05 to 10 milliseconds.
  • the sequence of firing starts at one end of the area of soil to be consolidated.
  • the charges are fired individually or in small groups at time intervals.
  • a layer of loose soil, or better, sand is deposited on the area to be stabilised.
  • the thickness of this layer should vary from 0.5. to 20 m. In particular geodesic conditions the thicker layer of 20 m is favourable. In, for instance, the case of stabilisation works made from an embankment like a silted up pier. In the case of harbour engineering, the thickness of silt often exceeds 20 m. After the explosions the non-cohesive sand or soil fills the shot holes which then function as vertical drains.
  • sub-charges are vertically fastened with distance making wood, plastic or metal rods.
  • the invented method presented above produces compacted subsoil with a structure that enables rapid soil consolidation, the degree of consolidation being Sk > 0.9 which guarantees that the service settlement will be lower than the maximum acceptable, as determined by building standards.
  • the stabilisation of subsoil composed of peat and sediments, with a plasticity degree I L between 0.60 and 0.80, was carried out.
  • the thickness of the subsoil to be stabilised varied from 6 to 16 m, with the roof of the weak soil layer from 1 m below ground level and the floor up to 16 m below that.
  • the area was covered with a layer of poured sand 1 m thick, which facilitated the movement of machines and guaranteed spontaneous filling of shot holes. This limited the need for dozers or manual filling.
  • the shot holes with diameters varying from 0.05 to 0.25 m, right down to the floor of the layer to be stabilised, were drilled by a self-propelled drilling machine.
  • Drillings were flushed with water, without a drilling fluid.
  • the diameter of the sub-charges varied from 2.5 to 10 cm, and the distance between them, determined by wooden distance rods, was less than 2 m.
  • the total weight of dynamite or dynammonite in a charge did not exceed 4.0 kg.
  • the firing was done in one series of explosions.
  • the sub-charges were fired successively from the top one to the bottom one, with a delay of from 0.05 to 5 milliseconds.
  • the bottom end of each charge was blocked with a wooden rod with a diameter greater than that of the shot hole, thus containing the explosion in the shot hole.
  • the charges were fired one after another, beginning from one end of the stabilised subsoil area.
  • Stabilisation of the subsoil layer was the result of superposition of separate stabilisations achieved at a distance of 0.75xR between the charges.
  • soil consolidation of degree Sk 0.92 was obtained.
  • the stabilisation of subsoil composed of weak dusty clay, sediments, and weak, fine grained-sand with a degree of plasticity IL from 0.55 to 0.85 and a degree of compaction ID from 0.25 to 0.40 was carried out.
  • the thickness of the subsoil layer to be stabilised varied from 5 to 6 m.
  • the roof of the weak soil layer was from 1 m to 1.5 m below ground level and the floor of the weak soil layer about 5 to 6 m deeper.
  • the diameter of the charges was from 1.5 cm to 5 cm, and their length equalled the thickness of the stabilised subsoil.
  • the shot holes were drilled with steel boring rods.
  • the total weight of dynamite, dynammonite or ammonite in a charge did not exceed 2.5 kg.
  • Each charge was fired in such a way that the upper sub-charge had a fuse with a delay of 1 millisecond, the middle one had a fuse with a delay of 3 milliseconds, and the bottom one a fuse with a delay of 5 milliseconds.
  • the charges were fired one by one. Twenty-one days after the subsoil stabilisation was carried out the average settlement of the ground was 0.27 cm. Later measurements proved the effectiveness of the method - the subsoil settlement was lower than that allowed by building standards.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
  • Non-Metallic Protective Coatings For Printed Circuits (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
EP05752697A 2004-09-08 2005-06-13 A pyrotechnic method for the stabilisation of low bearing capacity subsoil Expired - Lifetime EP1792018B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL05752697T PL1792018T3 (pl) 2004-09-08 2005-06-13 Sposób wzmacniania metodą pirotechniczną podłoży budowlanych o niskiej nośności

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL369946A PL210676B1 (pl) 2004-09-08 2004-09-08 Sposób wzmacniania metodą pirotechniczną podłoży budowlanych o niskiej nośności
PCT/PL2005/000039 WO2005121457A1 (en) 2004-09-08 2005-06-13 A pyrotechnic method for the stabilisation of low bearing capacity subsoil

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1792018A1 EP1792018A1 (en) 2007-06-06
EP1792018B1 true EP1792018B1 (en) 2008-01-02

Family

ID=34972627

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05752697A Expired - Lifetime EP1792018B1 (en) 2004-09-08 2005-06-13 A pyrotechnic method for the stabilisation of low bearing capacity subsoil

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20080003061A1 (pl)
EP (1) EP1792018B1 (pl)
AT (1) ATE382744T1 (pl)
DE (1) DE602005004169T2 (pl)
PL (2) PL210676B1 (pl)
RU (1) RU2370595C2 (pl)
WO (1) WO2005121457A1 (pl)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9279289B2 (en) 2013-10-03 2016-03-08 Renegade Manufacturing, LLC Combination mud motor flow diverter and tiled bearing, and bearing assemblies including same
DE102014107577B4 (de) * 2014-05-28 2019-01-24 BIUG Beratende Ingenieure für Umweltgeotechnik und Grundbau GmbH Verfahren zur Stabilisierung von zur Verflüssigung neigenden Lockergesteinen
CN109255191B (zh) * 2018-09-20 2022-04-26 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 一种定量计算铁路路基堆载预压后所产生沉降量的方法
CN111898177B (zh) * 2019-07-12 2021-03-05 江苏科能岩土工程有限公司 一种成层地基固结度的计算方法
PL446342A1 (pl) * 2023-10-10 2025-04-14 Politechnika Gdańska Sposób wzmacniania podłoża gruntowego, w szczególności o niskiej nośności

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3050149A (en) * 1957-09-26 1962-08-21 Texaco Inc Method for seismic prospecting
US3356178A (en) * 1965-06-29 1967-12-05 Shell Oil Co Method and apparatus for seismic exploration
US3295445A (en) * 1965-07-21 1967-01-03 Atlas Chem Ind Method of blasting
US3590738A (en) * 1967-12-07 1971-07-06 Shell Oil Co Method of shot-hole loading
US3714895A (en) * 1970-01-13 1973-02-06 Gulf Oil Corp Method for excavating by explosions
US3687075A (en) * 1970-12-11 1972-08-29 Hercules Inc Modified presplitting technique
NL7703935A (en) * 1977-04-12 1978-10-16 Ruiter Boringen En Bemalingen Soil compaction system - uses explosive charges and forms drainage channels round charges
US4382410A (en) * 1980-12-22 1983-05-10 Bowling David S Explosive blasting method and means
NL194337C (nl) * 1993-12-24 2002-01-04 Nacap Nederland Bv Werkwijze en installatie voor het verdichten van een bodem met behulp van springladingen.
US6009946A (en) * 1997-11-14 2000-01-04 Exploration Products Company, Llc Device for sealing charges in shot holes and a method for using the same
JP4540022B2 (ja) * 2000-08-01 2010-09-08 佐藤工業株式会社 発破工法を併用した地盤改良工法
DE60118022D1 (de) * 2000-11-21 2006-05-11 Internat Technologies Llc Sprengen im bohrloch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE602005004169T2 (de) 2008-12-18
RU2370595C2 (ru) 2009-10-20
ATE382744T1 (de) 2008-01-15
PL210676B1 (pl) 2012-02-29
EP1792018A1 (en) 2007-06-06
US20080003061A1 (en) 2008-01-03
DE602005004169D1 (de) 2008-02-14
PL1792018T3 (pl) 2008-05-30
PL369946A1 (pl) 2006-03-20
RU2007112334A (ru) 2008-10-27
WO2005121457A1 (en) 2005-12-22

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