EP1786988B1 - Volles Wandelement aus zementstabilisierter Holzwolle, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und Bauverfahren zu seiner Anwendung - Google Patents

Volles Wandelement aus zementstabilisierter Holzwolle, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und Bauverfahren zu seiner Anwendung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1786988B1
EP1786988B1 EP05771613A EP05771613A EP1786988B1 EP 1786988 B1 EP1786988 B1 EP 1786988B1 EP 05771613 A EP05771613 A EP 05771613A EP 05771613 A EP05771613 A EP 05771613A EP 1786988 B1 EP1786988 B1 EP 1786988B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wood wool
elements
cement
construction
plaster
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05771613A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1786988A1 (de
Inventor
Mattias RÜCKERT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ydre Traullsvaggar AB
Original Assignee
Ydre Traullsvaggar AB
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ydre Traullsvaggar AB filed Critical Ydre Traullsvaggar AB
Priority to SI200531290T priority Critical patent/SI1786988T1/sl
Priority to PL05771613T priority patent/PL1786988T3/pl
Publication of EP1786988A1 publication Critical patent/EP1786988A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1786988B1 publication Critical patent/EP1786988B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/52—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement
    • B28B1/525—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement containing organic fibres, e.g. wood fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0064—Moulds characterised by special surfaces for producing a desired surface of a moulded article, e.g. profiled or polished moulding surfaces
    • B28B7/0079—Moulds characterised by special surfaces for producing a desired surface of a moulded article, e.g. profiled or polished moulding surfaces with surfaces for moulding interlocking means, e.g. grooves and ribs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/12—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of other material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/044—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres of concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/005—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects with anchoring or fastening elements for the shaped articles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
    • E04B1/6108—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together
    • E04B1/6187—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means on top and/or bottom surfaces of the slabs

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a production method for wall elements of floor-to-floor height, which elements are cast from a mix of cement stabilised wood wool, to a construction element as per the preamble of claim 5, and a method for producing buildings as per the preamble of claim 11. Said production method, construction element and method for producing buildings are disclosed by document GB 750 127 A .
  • Cement stabilised wood wool today only exists in the form of so-called wood wool building slabs. This material, which is produced out of wood wool, cement and water, has been existing in Europe since the 1920s.
  • the slabs are typically 500 or 600 mm wide and 2000 or 2400 mm long. The thickness varies between 20 and 150 mm.
  • the wood wool building slab has primarily been used as plaster carrying wall isolation, sound absorbing ceiling and self-supporting ceiling insulation.
  • the material is characterised by good heat insulation capability and high thermal capacity. It possesses a great capability to store moisture and because of its open structure it can also rapidly absorb and release moisture.
  • the wood wool building slab is not affected by rot and has a documented high resistance to mildew. Plastered wood wool building slabs have remained on frontages exposed to rain in over 50 years and also been buried in the ground for 30 years, without being affected. Further, the material possesses high fire resistance. The wood wool building slab does not emit any formaldehyde and negligible amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOC).
  • the present method of manufacturing wood wool building slabs is limited to a maximum thickness of 150 mm and a maximum width of 600 mm. This precludes manufacturing of wall elements in one single piece. Putting together wood wool building slabs into full wall elements is, in view of industrial engineering, relatively costly.
  • the present invention refers to a method for producing construction elements with the aid of wood wool, cement and water comprising the following steps:
  • the present invention further refers to a method for producing buildings comprising the following steps;
  • the invention refers on one hand to a production method for manufacturing outer wall elements of cement stabilised wood wool, i.e. full wall elements, and on the other hand of a construction system for putting together these elements to supporting outer walls.
  • the thickness of the elements is selected based on desired heat insulation and supporting capability.
  • the technique is primarily directed to walls that are not subjected to big vertical loads, e.g. outer walls in small buildings.
  • the wood wool elements are manufactured by casting a wood wool mass (a mixture of wood wool, cement and water) in steal moulds.
  • the manufacturing of the wood wool mass is done in such a way that the wood wool mass, which is manufactured by spruce wood in a special plane, is moistened and thereby mixed with cement.
  • the mixing proportions between the cement and the moistened wood wool are significant for the elasticity of the mass upon casting: if too much cement is used, the mass of wood wool and cement does not become elastic enough, thus increasing the density. If, on the other hand, too little cement is used, the resistance might be to low.
  • Full wall elements are produced using a weight ratio between wet wood wool and dry cement of 1:1.9 (for conventional wood wool building slabs the mixing proportions are 1:2.0).
  • This mixing ratio of 1:1.90 has been proven to manage a casting height of 400 mm without collapsing and becoming too compact, and the density can be varied from 200 kg/m 3 to 300 kg/m 3 .
  • Tests have shown that a mixing ratio of 1:1.88 can give rise to problems with the surface strength of the material. At mixing proportions of 1:1.92 some densities becomes too dense and collapses.
  • the moulds are 6 m long, 2.4 m high and 400 mm deep (inside measures), however, the measures can be adapted to the desired size of the wall elements.
  • An adjustable tin plate having a cross section of 100 x 160 mm, is arranged adjacent of the upper end of the moulds, to create a chase in the upper edge of the elements.
  • batters with triangular cross sections are arranged at both ends of the mould to create V-shaped chases in the sides of the elements.
  • Lifting straps are cast in each side of the element to enable handling after curing and during assembly.
  • the wood wool mass is continuously weighted during the filling of the moulds.
  • the wood wool mass is subsequently spread evenly over the surface of the lying mould, in order for an even density to be achieved.
  • the moulds are slightly over-filled.
  • the mass is compacted by stacking the moulds on top of each other, the underside of the upper mould forming a lid for the mould lying below. On the top-most mould is placed a mould lid and on top of that concrete weights, weighing approximately 1.000 kg/m 2 . Stripping is possible after 24 hours. Subsequently, the elements are raised and put to dry.
  • the window openings are normally cut out after the elements are cured, but the elements can be moulded with holes for windows. Doors and large window sections are arranged between two wall elements. The upper edge of the wall elements is notched for storage to U-shaped beams according to fig 14 . On both sides of the window- and door openings, mounting plates are arranged to support the fastening. In this mounting plate windows and doors can be attached using frame screw.
  • the full wall elements can be delivered to the construction site as soon as they are cured to sufficient strength and dried out to the desired density.
  • the ready-to-deliver elements hold a density of 200-300 kg/m 3 (the exact density can vary between different buildings, primarily depending on desired heat insulation).
  • the walls of wood wool element are manufactured by way that the prefabricated elements are put directly on the foundation, normally on an edge beam.
  • the elements are attached to the bedding by way of putting them in a string of plaster at the inside of the wall.
  • a vertical cavity having a quadratic cross section with the side 70 mm is formed through the V-shaped chases, see fig 3 .
  • the elements are temporarily kept in place by stamp and are mutually stabilised in the upper edge using U-shaped tin plates.
  • the elements are laterally joined together by moulding concrete columns into the vertical cavities. Apart from joining the elements together, the concrete columns have the purpose of providing the wall with sufficient vertical load bearing capacity for elements with low density and for elements having a thickness down to 150 mm.
  • a concrete beam (as a capping piece/annular beam) with the height of 160 mm and the width of 100 mm, is moulded in the chase of the upper side of the elements.
  • This beam is reinforced together with the concrete columns.
  • the capping piece can also be made as a higher beam if it is necessary to distribute loads over large window sections.
  • the rafters are anchored in the capping piece with aid of angle irons, alternatively moulded into the capping piece or attached by screws.
  • the windows and doors are mounted, using ordinary frame screw and plug, into mounting plates, according to fig 10 .
  • plaster or gypsum wallboard For inner surface treatment is used either plaster or gypsum wallboard.
  • Plaster is preferably armed using welded armouring net made of galvanised, alternatively stainless, steel wire.
  • the armouring reinforcement is placed in the outer plaster layer.
  • an armouring net is placed also in the coarse stuff. In this way, a double armouring is produced over the element joints.
  • gypsum wallboard these are glued to the wall with gypsum plaster.
  • the joints between the boards are filled by putting a string of gypsum plaster between the wood wool elements and the gypsum boards along the entire joint.
  • the surface treatment On the outside the surface treatment consists of plaster, which is armoured in the same way as the inside plaster, or any other type of facade material.
  • the crown of the wall and the window openings are sealed against the wind using plaster sludge. If a not airtight facade material, such as wood panel or facade bricks is used, the outside of the brick work has to be air-tightened by sludging.
  • Electric wires are inserted into the masonry by milling groves (as for e.g. light concrete walls).
  • Small load fixings to the wall e.g. of paintings, is done in the plaster layer (alternatively the gypsum board) using plastic plugs, metal expansion anchors or rubber expansion anchors.
  • plastic plugs In case of heavier load fixings, typically kitchen cupboards or wall-hanged book shelves, sheet metal profiles placed in slit/slotted groves in the wall, are used.
  • screw plug or injection plaster can be used.
  • moulds according to fig 1
  • the elements are cast with chases in the side of the elements, according to fig 3 , to enable a lateral joining of the elements.
  • the elements are manufactured with a chase at the upper edge, in accordance with fig 4 , to enable casting of capping pieces/annular beam.
  • the window openings are cut out from the finished elements, see fig 5 .
  • wood wool elements are placed on the bedding, in accordance with fig 6 , towards a guiding rail made of perforated sheet metal according to fig 7 , in a string of plaster.
  • the elements are joined, in accordance with fig 8 , by means of concrete columns cast in the joints between the elements.
  • a capping piece is cast in concrete on top of the wall, according to fig 9 , in such a way that it is reinforced together with the concrete columns.
  • Windows and doors are attached with aid of frame screws in mounting rails of tin plate in accordance with fig 10 .
  • the rafters are mounted in the capping piece, according to fig 11 .
  • the electric wires are inserted in the masonry, according to fig 12 .
  • Inside and outside plaster is arranged in accordance with fig 13 .
  • the plaster is to be reinforced with welded reinforcement net with galvanised, alternatively stainless, steel wire.
  • a method for producing full wall construction elements comprises the steps of:

Claims (13)

  1. Verfahren zum Erzeugen von Konstruktionselementen (7.1) mit Hilfe von Holzwolle, Zement und Wasser, umfassend folgende Schritte:
    a) Anordnen von Gussformen (1.1) zum Gießen der Elemente;
    b) Hernehmen der Wolle und Nässen dieser;
    c) Mischen der Holzwolle mit trockenem Zement;
    d) Schütten der Mischung in die Gussform (1.1);
    e) die Mischung aushärten lassen
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    zwischen den Schritten b) und c) das Verfahren ferner den Schritt umfasst, den Wassergehalt der Holzwolle bei 24-26% zu stabilisieren und dass in Schritt c) die Holzwolle mit trockenem Zement in einem Gewichtsverhältnis von 1:1,88 bis 1:1,92 gemischt wird.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, ferner umfassend die Schritte:
    Füllen der Gussform (1.1), wenn sie unten liegt;
    Überfüllen der Gussform (1.1) bis auf ein gewisses Maß:
    Platzieren einer Anzahl von Gussformen (1.1) aufeinander;
    Anordnen einer Abdeckung auf der obersten Gussform (1.1);
    Anordnen von Betongewichten auf der Abdeckung, die etwa 1000 kg/m3 wiegen.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem das Gewichtsverhältnis von Holzwolle zu Zement zwischen 1:1,895 und 1:1,905 liegt.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, bei dem das Gewichtsverhältnis von Holzwolle zu Zement bei 1:1,90 liegt.
  5. Konstruktionselement (7.1) für Wände, umfassend zementgebundene Holzwolle, wobei das Element (7.1) aus einem homogenen Gemisch von Holzwolle, Wasser und Zement hergestellt ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    das Element (7.1) als fertiges Produkt eine Dichte von 200-300kg/m3 aufweist.
  6. Konstruktionselement (7.1) nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein V-förmiger Leitungskanal (3.1) so in der Seite des Elements (7.1) angeordnet ist, dass wenn zwei Elemente (7.1) nebeneinander platziert sind, eine vertikale Aussparung (3.2) zwischen den zwei Elementen (7.1) ausgebildet ist.
  7. Konstruktionselement (7.1) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein rechteckiger Leitungskanal (4.1) oben auf dem Element angeordnet ist, der als Lager für einen Betonbalken verwendbar ist.
  8. Konstruktionselement (7.1) nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Element (7.1) eine Dicke von 150 - 400mm aufweist.
  9. Konstruktionselement (7.1) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Element (7.1) eine Höhe oder eine Breite von etwa 2,4 x 6,0 m aufweist.
  10. Konstruktionselement (7.1) nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein oder mehrere Fenster- oder Türöffnungen in dem Element (7.1) angeordnet sind, und dass ein oder mehrere Befestigungseinrichtungen (10.1) an beiden Seiten der Öffnung(en) angeordnet sind.
  11. Verfahren zum Erzeugen von Gebäuden, umfassend folgende Schritte:
    Anbringen eines Konstruktionselements (7.1) auf die Lagerung mit Hilfe von Putz (7.2);
    seitliches Verbinden der Elemente (7.1) durch Gießen einer Betonsäule (8.1) in vertikalen Aussparungen (3.2), die mittels Leitungskanälen (3.1) ausgebildet sind, die in der Seite des Elements (7.1) vorgesehen sind;
    Gießen eines Haubenstücks (9.1) aus Beton in Leitungskanälen (4.1) an der oberen Seite des Elements, wobei das Haubenstück (9.1) zum Anbringen von Sparren verwendet werden kann,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    das Element (7.1) ein Konstruktionselement nach einem der Ansprüche 5 - 10 ist.
  12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, ferner umfassend den Schritt des Versiegelns des Elements (7.1) mit Putz (13.1, 13.2).
  13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, ferner umfassend den Schritt des Bereitstellens von Verstärkungsnetzdoppelschichten in dem Oberflächenputz (13.1, 13.2) über der Verbindung zwischen zwei Elementen.
EP05771613A 2004-08-10 2005-08-10 Volles Wandelement aus zementstabilisierter Holzwolle, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und Bauverfahren zu seiner Anwendung Not-in-force EP1786988B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200531290T SI1786988T1 (sl) 2004-08-10 2005-08-10 Poln stenski element iz lesne volne, stabilizirane s cementom, postopek za njegovo proizvodnjo in postopek gradnje z njegovo uporabo
PL05771613T PL1786988T3 (pl) 2004-08-10 2005-08-10 Element pełnej ściany z wełny drzewnej stabilizowanej cementem, sposób jego wytwarzania i wykorzystujący go sposób konstrukcji

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0401994A SE529294C2 (sv) 2004-08-10 2004-08-10 Byggelement för väggar innefattande cementbunden träull, förfarande för tillverkning av ett sådant byggelement, gjutform samt förfarande för uppförande av byggnader
PCT/SE2005/001195 WO2006016844A1 (en) 2004-08-10 2005-08-10 Full wall element of cement stabilised wood wool

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1786988A1 EP1786988A1 (de) 2007-05-23
EP1786988B1 true EP1786988B1 (de) 2011-02-23

Family

ID=32960374

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05771613A Not-in-force EP1786988B1 (de) 2004-08-10 2005-08-10 Volles Wandelement aus zementstabilisierter Holzwolle, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und Bauverfahren zu seiner Anwendung

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1786988B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE499195T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602005026534D1 (de)
DK (1) DK1786988T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2362896T3 (de)
PL (1) PL1786988T3 (de)
PT (1) PT1786988E (de)
RU (1) RU2423230C2 (de)
SE (1) SE529294C2 (de)
SI (1) SI1786988T1 (de)
WO (1) WO2006016844A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL2002167C (en) 2008-11-04 2010-05-06 Thermoform Nederland B V A method for producing a wood wool construction element, a construction element obtained therewith and a production facility therefor.
CN104942988A (zh) * 2015-06-16 2015-09-30 凤阳九龙新型建材有限公司 一种钢构复合板制作工艺

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB416223A (en) * 1933-12-07 1934-09-13 Konrad Erdmann Improvements in walls, floors and roofs, and building elements therefor
GB453906A (en) * 1935-07-18 1936-09-21 Alexander Singer Improvements in or relating to building blocks or slabs
GB628335A (en) * 1947-01-10 1949-08-26 John Heyny Improvements in building slabs and their manufacture
GB684153A (en) * 1948-12-23 1952-12-10 Sverre Wilfred Evensen Improvements in methods of moulding constructional plates from strips of fibrous material and a binder
SE9604211L (sv) * 1996-11-14 1998-05-15 Bryan Peter Byggsystem samt tillhörande byggelement
GB2346626A (en) * 1999-02-11 2000-08-16 Schal International Management A building panel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT1786988E (pt) 2011-05-25
SI1786988T1 (sl) 2011-09-30
SE529294C2 (sv) 2007-06-26
RU2423230C2 (ru) 2011-07-10
DE602005026534D1 (de) 2011-04-07
ES2362896T3 (es) 2011-07-14
EP1786988A1 (de) 2007-05-23
WO2006016844A1 (en) 2006-02-16
PL1786988T3 (pl) 2011-08-31
ATE499195T1 (de) 2011-03-15
SE0401994D0 (sv) 2004-08-10
SE0401994L (sv) 2006-02-11
DK1786988T3 (da) 2011-06-06
RU2007106041A (ru) 2008-09-20

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