EP1785169A1 - Dispositif de recherche - Google Patents

Dispositif de recherche Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1785169A1
EP1785169A1 EP06405479A EP06405479A EP1785169A1 EP 1785169 A1 EP1785169 A1 EP 1785169A1 EP 06405479 A EP06405479 A EP 06405479A EP 06405479 A EP06405479 A EP 06405479A EP 1785169 A1 EP1785169 A1 EP 1785169A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
search
transmission
magnetic field
search device
representation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06405479A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1785169B1 (fr
Inventor
Viktor Altwegg
Andreas Ehrensperger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mammut Sports Group AG
Original Assignee
Ascom Schweiz AG
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Filing date
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Priority claimed from EP05405632A external-priority patent/EP1785168A1/fr
Application filed by Ascom Schweiz AG filed Critical Ascom Schweiz AG
Priority to EP06405479.4A priority Critical patent/EP1785169B1/fr
Publication of EP1785169A1 publication Critical patent/EP1785169A1/fr
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Publication of EP1785169B1 publication Critical patent/EP1785169B1/fr
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B29/00—Apparatus for mountaineering
    • A63B29/02—Mountain guy-ropes or accessories, e.g. avalanche ropes; Means for indicating the location of accidentally buried, e.g. snow-buried, persons
    • A63B29/021—Means for indicating the location of accidentally buried, e.g. snow-buried, persons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for generating a current direction representation in the search direction to a transmission location of a received transmission signal in a search and transmission device, in particular in an avalanche transceiver (LVS), the directional representation being determined on the basis of a relative to the search and transmit device receiving direction a received transmission signal and is generated on the basis of position data on the position of the search and transmit device, wherein the transmission signal having a certain transmission pulse period emitted transmission pulses.
  • LMS avalanche transceiver
  • the invention relates to a search and transmission device, in particular an avalanche victim search device, with a receiving unit for determining a reception direction of a transmission signal, which one with a certain transmission pulse period Radiated transmit pulse comprises a specific transmission frequency, wherein position determining means for determining a position of the search and transmit device and a processing unit are provided and the processing unit can process from the position determination means generated position data and the receiving unit determined receive directions to a directional representation of the receive direction.
  • the search and transmission device is suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • a corresponding to the technical field avalanche victim search device is z. B. in the EP 1 577 679 (Kampel) and comprises a transmitting / receiving device.
  • the transmitting device allows in normal operation (transmission mode) sending a transmission signal. Due to this transmission signal, the device or the user who carries the device with him, be located in the event that the user including device z. B. is spilled by an avalanche.
  • a rescuer who also carries such a device with him, can switch his device to "search mode" (search mode) in the event of an avalanche, so that the transmission signal emitted by the device of a victim is received by the receiving device of the search device in the search mode and, due to the signal, the device of the buried can be located.
  • search mode search mode
  • the device In the normal state, the device is in a transmission mode in which a periodically pulsed transmission signal is transmitted.
  • the search devices work with an unmodulated pulsed transmission signal at a frequency of 457 kHz.
  • the pulses (transmit pulses) of the 457 kHz transmit signal have a transmit pulse period of the order of 1 second, ie a transmit pulse frequency of 1 Hz, and have a duty cycle of about 10-30% in known WMS.
  • the search devices have optical and / or acoustic display means, which the user z. B. in the search mode with information about the received signal.
  • EP 0 733 916 (Silvretta-sherpas Sport Being) is known for example to provide a search device with an array of light-emitting diodes, which informs the user during the search on the one hand about a strength of a received signal and on the other hand, a deviation from a once determined bearing of the transmission location.
  • a bearing of the transmission location takes place via the determination of a maximum of a field strength evaluation of the transmission signal.
  • the thus determined direction can be absolutely targeted by an electronic compass, in which case a deviation from the once-directional direction can be indexed by two laterally arranged light-emitting diodes in the further search.
  • the result is a dead time of 90%, in which the user does not receive an updated directional representation.
  • the lack of an updated bearing during 90% of the search time can significantly hinder the efficient search for victims.
  • a rapidly updated bearing is particularly desirable in a search phase in which a transmission location is already coarsely set and it is in the further search for the most accurate location of the transmission location.
  • a method which enables the generation of a directional representation in the search direction to a transmission location of a received transmission signal in a search and transmission device.
  • the search and transmit device is in particular an avalanche victim search device.
  • the directional representation is generated on the basis of a search direction of the transmitting and receiving device of a received transmission signal and due to position data on the position of the search and transmit device.
  • the transmission signal in this case has transmitted pulses emitted with a specific transmission pulse period.
  • a respective last-determined receive direction is buffered. Due to the buffered receive direction and based on current location data for the location of the search and transmit device periodically updating the directional representation is made.
  • the search and transmission device is in search mode, in which the method according to the invention is executed on the search device.
  • a transmission signal which z. B. is sent by another search and transmitting device and which z.
  • the transmission signal is emitted from a transmission location, which z. B. corresponds to a position of a victim or a victim.
  • search device will be used below instead of the term search and transmit device. However, this only happens for the purpose of abbreviation and does not mean that the devices described in the context in question do not comprise a transmitting function.
  • search transmission device should also be understood to mean devices which merely have a search function. Nor should one exclude these concepts that the devices have additional functions in addition to the search and / or send function.
  • a search direction to a transmission location and a reception direction designate that direction which is aligned tangentially to the local field lines of the magnetic field of the received transmission pulse measured by the search appliance.
  • the search or reception direction can sometimes differ up to 90 degrees from a direct (visual) connection to the transmission location.
  • the user then follows with the search device in the search direction in the tangential direction the magnetic field lines to the transmission location.
  • the search can be divided into three phases.
  • a first phase comprises the search, without a transmission signal has been detected.
  • the generation of directional representations is then not possible and would not make sense, since no receive direction can be determined.
  • the inventive method is not used and can be due to energy considerations z. B. be switched off.
  • the search device In a second phase, the search device is in the transmission range of a transmission signal and receives its transmission pulses. Thus, the determination of a receive direction is possible and on the search device, a directional representation of the search direction can be displayed.
  • the method according to the invention for periodic updating can be of great help in this search phase and can greatly accelerate the progress of the search.
  • a third, fine search phase is initiated when the transmission location in the second phase has already been largely limited.
  • the fine search phase it is about the exact send location advisedpeilen to z. B. to be able to start with the salvage of a buried.
  • an application of the method according to the invention should be considered in the fine search phase. It can, for. For example, it may be useful to use the procedure and continue to locate on the basis of the updated directions.
  • a purely field strength-dependent search is performed. The user searches in orthogonal ways for the location of the greatest strength of the transmission signal. Experience has shown that an acoustic indication of the magnetic field strength can be helpful be. In this case, the method according to the invention can optionally be switched on or off in the search mode.
  • a reception direction of the transmission signal is determined upon arrival of a transmission pulse.
  • the receive direction here refers to a search direction to the transmission location with respect to the position and location of the search device.
  • the determination of the receive direction is relative to the current position of the search device and is thus fixed to the device.
  • the searcher determines its location.
  • the receive direction with position information can then z. B. further processed internally device or displayed on a display means of the search device.
  • a direction representation generated in this way represents the actual current search direction to the transmission location at the time of reception or at the time of determining the reception direction.
  • information on the location of the transmission location can be updated at the earliest on arrival of the next transmission pulse.
  • the next transmission pulse follows only after a comparatively large period, according to the standard after about 1 second, which represents a dead time for the search. It may also happen that not every transmission pulse is received or not for each pulse received the determination of a receive direction is possible. This can result in longer dead time intervals of the transmission signal.
  • a reception direction of the transmission signal and a position of the search device are also determined upon arrival of a transmission pulse of the transmission signal and then z. B. further processed directly inside the device or displayed on a display means of the search device. According to the invention, a last ascertained receive direction is temporarily stored in the device.
  • the method comprises an ongoing determination of current position data for the position of the search device.
  • position data are continuously determined during the dead times between receiving successive transmission pulses.
  • the location data can be z. B. continuously or quasi-continuously detected.
  • a quasi-continuous detection includes in particular a discrete periodically acquiring the location data, wherein the detection period is preferably small compared to time scales of e.g. B. mean changes in position of the search device, so that the location of the search device can be determined with sufficient temporal or spatial resolution.
  • the determination times of the system data are preferably synchronized with other processes in the method or coordinated with one another. In principle, however, the position data can also be determined independently of other processes at arbitrary times, in which case the position data during a time window are regarded as current, which corresponds to a determination period of the position data.
  • a current direction representation is generated, which takes into account the change in position of the search device since the cached receive direction.
  • the updating of the directional representation is carried out periodically to z. B. to generate a periodic update of a graphical representation on a display of the search device.
  • the generation of the directional representation preferably takes place with the same period duration and essentially synchronously with the acquisition of the position data. This results z. B. a simplified device-internal data processing wherein the location data z. B. need not be cached, but can be further processed directly.
  • the updated directional representations generated by the method according to the invention then designate the search direction from the search device to the transmission location that is essentially current at the time of generation of the directional representation.
  • the directional representation can then z. B. further processed internally or as already mentioned above on display means of the search device z. B. are shown graphically. It is z. B. conceivable that the directional representation between two received transmission pulses is only interpolated at a few points to z. B. to keep the energy required for updating the direction representation as low as possible. It is particularly conceivable that the update period z. B. is variable depending on the remaining available battery power.
  • the period of the generation of the directional representation can be determined by a flowing display of the Directional representation results on a display of the search device, wherein fluent here denotes a substantially smooth, film-like display of successive directional representations.
  • the period of the determination of the position data can be adjusted either independently of the update period of the directional representation or with these synchronously to the requirements.
  • the period is selected such that the current position of the search device can be determined with a sufficiently high accuracy. It is Z. B. conceivable that the detection intervals are chosen such that the location of a device-fixed axis of the search device in an interval on average by not more than z. B. changed 0.5 degrees. Depending on the requirements, however, other values are conceivable and the above is to be regarded as purely illustrative.
  • a value for the period duration is preferably selected, which on the one hand permits sufficient accuracy in the position determination and on the other hand allows a sufficiently high update rate of the direction indicator.
  • the invention further includes a search device for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the search device in particular an avalanche victim search device, is provided with a receiving unit for determining a direction of arrival in the search direction to a transmission location of a transmission signal.
  • the transmission signal comprises a transmission pulse of a specific transmission frequency emitted with a specific transmission pulse period.
  • position determining means for determining a position of the search device and a processing unit are provided, wherein the processing unit can process position data generated by the position determining means and receiving directions determined by the receiving unit.
  • the processing unit comprises a memory unit in which a last-determined receive direction can be stored.
  • the processing unit is designed in such a way that it can generate a periodically updated directional representation of a last-determined receive direction on the basis of current position data for the position of the search device.
  • the method according to the invention preferably comprises displaying the periodically updated directional representation on display means, in particular a display, of the search device. It is z. B. conceivable that the periodically updated directional representation is displayed in the form of an arrow with the generation period on the display means or the display. In the case of a sufficiently high update period, a jolt-free representation of the current search direction for the transmission location thus results, with the display showing essentially independent of the instantaneous position of the search device in the search direction for the transmission location.
  • the inventive search device display means in particular a display, have.
  • the processing unit and the display means are such that the periodically updated directional representation can be forwarded to the display means and displayed by them.
  • the display means are preferably liquid crystal displays (LCD) are used. Such displays may comprise a matrix of pixels through which graphical representations are possible.
  • LCD liquid crystal displays
  • Such displays may comprise a matrix of pixels through which graphical representations are possible.
  • the directional representation is in the form of an arrow.
  • the arrangement of the arrow on the display is then changed in such a way that the search direction designated by the arrow continues to lead to the last determined transmission location.
  • display means such. B. arranged in a grid LEDs, which allow a directional representation.
  • a display of the directional representation as a purely acoustic signal or otherwise, such. B. by light emitting diodes.
  • an acoustic display to support a visual display is considered preferable.
  • no display means on the search device are present and the updated directional representations themselves not to display means be passed on internally or external to the device.
  • the current position data are determined with respect to a reference position, wherein the reference position of the respective position of the search device at the time of determining the buffered receive direction corresponds and in particular the reference position is temporarily stored in the step of caching with the receive direction.
  • determining the position data with respect to a freely definable reference position only a relative position of the search device is thus to be determined.
  • no absolute position must be determined and the alignment need not necessarily with an absolute orientation of the search device z. B. with respect to north. Therefore, can be dispensed with a complex calibration of the position determining means and it is only a one-time calibration, in the sense of a calibration z. B. after a battery change or a change of hemisphere required.
  • the respectively current reference position of the search device i. the reference position
  • the respective reference position applies until the arrival of the next transmission pulse, which is used to determine a reception direction, as a reference position.
  • the reference position can also for each determination of a receive direction z. B. reset to a zero value corresponding zero position.
  • the buffered most recently received direction to the reference direction and the current position of the search device is determined with respect to this reference direction.
  • a buffering of the reference position is then obsolete, since a latched receive direction automatically corresponds to the zero position.
  • the memory unit of the processing unit of a search device is preferably designed such that in addition to the storage of a Last determined receiving direction and a corresponding location of the search device can be stored.
  • absolute positions of the search device can also be determined. This is conceivable in particular in a non-preferred complex method, in which z.
  • an electronic compass must be calibrated at start-up to obtain an absolute direction.
  • the periodic updating of the directional representation takes place with an updating period which is smaller than the transmission pulse period of the transmission signal.
  • the update period is preferably selected on the one hand sufficiently small to be at a display of the direction representation on z.
  • a position data determination which is synchronous with the updating of the directional representation and a sufficiently short updating period, a good resolution of the position determination of the search device is ensured.
  • the periodic updating of the directional representation takes place with a period duration which amounts to approximately 10% of the transmission pulse period.
  • the periodic update takes place with a period of about 100 ms. It has been found that when updating the directional representation with simultaneous location determination, a period of 100 ms meets the requirements for a quick and accurate search.
  • the position determination of the search device is carried out with sufficient accuracy and on the other hand, an updating of the directional representation and an example associated therewith passing the presentation to a display of the search device with sufficient frequency to achieve a smooth presentation.
  • the update period may be shorter and z. B. in the range of 1 -10% of the transmission pulse period.
  • the processing unit is designed such that the updated directional representation of the most recently determined receive direction can be generated with an update period that is smaller than the transmit pulse period.
  • the position determination means are designed such that the position of the search device can be determined periodically with a period that corresponds to the update period.
  • the processing unit may also generate the updated directional representation with an update period corresponding to approximately 10% of the transmit pulse period of the received signal.
  • the update period is 100 ms.
  • the update period is the same length as the transmit pulse period. It is then z. B. conceivable that the update is shifted by half a period length compared to the transmit pulses, so that the immediate updating of the directional representation is interpolated at least one point in time when determining a receive direction. The processing unit of a search device is then designed accordingly. However, this has the disadvantage that the directional representation is still not updated during a large percentage of the time available for the search.
  • an already buffered older last-determined receive direction is replaced by the last-determined receive direction.
  • a memory location which is accessed during the updating of the direction representation is occupied by the last received receive direction, whereby an older receive direction possibly stored in the memory location is overwritten.
  • the older cached receive direction but also z. B. be moved to another location and be overwritten only in that memory space, which is accessed when updating the direction representation. This has the advantage that once certain directions of reception are still available.
  • the determination of the position data for the position of the search device preferably comprises a measurement of the earth's magnetic field.
  • a measurement of the geomagnetic field allows a simple orientation of the search device. It has been found that common magnetic field sensors, eg. As so-called electronic compasses, the earth's magnetic field can detect with sufficient accuracy to be used as a position determining means in the present process can.
  • the determination of the position data comprises the measurement of two components of the geomagnetic field, as well as a measurement of an inclination of the search device.
  • the location determining means of a corresponding search device for performing the method then have in addition to the electronic compass z. B. a tilt sensor, which z. B. comprises a filled with a liquid cavity. This can be done on the one hand due to the measurement of the earth's magnetic field in two directions, i. due to the measurement of two components of the earth's magnetic field, determine a rotation in a plane relative to the search device. On the other hand, by measuring the inclination of the searcher, it can be determined how the plane of rotation is aligned. This can z.
  • the geomagnetic field is measured but in three axes, which z. B. orthogonal to each other and thus allow a measurement of the full magnetic field vector.
  • the axes do not necessarily have to be perpendicular to each other as long as they form a complete system for measuring the complete magnetic field vector.
  • the complete measurement of all three Components of the earth's magnetic field in three dimensions can also be a tendency of the search device against z. B. a horizontal plane are measured, and it is a complete determination of the position of the search device relative to the earth's magnetic field feasible. But it can also be provided an additional measurement of an inclination of the search device, which z. B. can be used for plausibility measurements.
  • the position determination means of a search device preferably have a magnetic field sensor for determining position data on the position of the search device, in particular an electronic compass.
  • the magnetic field sensor is then preferably designed such that a spatial determination of the geomagnetic field is possible.
  • the magnetic field sensor or electronic compass or H-sensor is stationary relative to the search device attached to this. With the H-sensor or compass can then z.
  • B. a relative change in position of the search device relative to a reference position are detected.
  • an absolute direction such. B. North serves as a reference direction for determining a reference position of the search device.
  • the search device comprises a three-axis compass.
  • the H-sensor can provide an analog signal, which is amplified analog and digitized by an analog / digital converter.
  • the amplifier, the A / D converter and a control device (microcontroller) for processing the digital signal are then z. B. summarized as subunits of the processing unit of the search device.
  • the H-sensor has various integrated components and the processing unit receives an already digital signal of the H-sensor.
  • the position determination means in particular in addition to the magnetic field sensor, comprise a tilt sensor for determining a tilt of the search device.
  • the additional inclination measurement z. B. the validity of the rotation determined by the magnetic field sensor are checked. This is particularly preferred if the magnetic field sensor only a two-axis measurement the earth's magnetic field allows and thus only the measurement of a rotation of the search device in a plane is possible.
  • the measured rotation is useful for the directional representation only if the plane of rotation or a plane of the search device, in particular a plane parallel to the display of the search device, essentially, ie within a predetermined tolerance, aligned parallel to the earth's surface.
  • the position of the plane of rotation can be determined by the inclination sensor.
  • the inclination sensor can be z. B. be formed in a conventional manner as a filled with a liquid cavity.
  • a measurement of the earth's magnetic field with respect to only two axes without additional determination of the inclination of the search device.
  • the measurable changes in position then relate only to rotations of the search device in a plane relative to the search device without reference to an orientation of the search device z. B. to the earth's surface.
  • the locator of a locator then only includes a two-axis magnetic field sensor without additional tilt sensors. Although then a rotation of the search device can be determined, but a position of the plane of the rotation can not be determined.
  • the measurement of the geomagnetic field preferably comprises the determination of a movement state of the search device.
  • a movement state of the search device can be determined.
  • search devices can not independently determine in which situation they and thus their users. For many applications, for example, it would be helpful if the device could independently determine whether the user of the device is traveling, has been spilled by an avalanche, or has sat down or laid down somewhere to rest, for example.
  • By measuring the geomagnetic field, in particular a differential measurement it can be determined whether the search device and thus possibly the skier are moving.
  • the processing unit of a search device is designed such that it can determine a movement state of the search device from the determined magnetic field.
  • the processing unit can make a determination of the changes in the measured magnetic field from magnetic field measurements of the magnetic field sensor.
  • Such a differential measurement allows the determination of a movement state of the search device relative to the earth's magnetic field.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a search method 1 executed in the search mode of a search device.
  • the search method 1 comprises the method according to the invention for the periodic updating of a direction representation.
  • the search method 1 or the method according to the invention is used, in particular, in avalanche transceivers. Process steps which are not relevant to the method according to the invention are not described in detail below or are not shown for the sake of clarity.
  • the method is implemented such that it z. B. in the search mode of the search device is switched on and off, so z. B. in different phases of the search optionally on the process can be accessed.
  • a transmitter emits a transmission signal at a transmission location, which z. B. defined by the international standard ETS 300718.
  • the transmit signals then comprise periodic transmit pulses at a particular frequency, which in this case is 457 kHz.
  • the transmission signal can be received by a search device which executes the method 1 in the search mode. In a received signal 2, 3 individual transmission pulses are detected in a detection step. Immediately after a transmission pulse 4 has been detected, in a next reception direction determination step 5, a reception direction as well as the position or orientation of the search device are determined from the signal. The orientation is determined by position determining means the search device, which z. B.
  • the direction of arrival determined in step 5 and the associated position of the search device form a reference direction with respect to which the position of the search device is determined in the further method until the detection of a further transmission pulse.
  • the thus determined receive direction with associated position as reference direction 6 is stored in a memory.
  • the position associated with the reference direction can hereby be set to a zero position, so that the reference direction corresponds exactly to the receiving direction. This ensures that the position-determining means of the search device are calibrated with each determination of a direction of reception with respect to the direction of reception.
  • the stored reference direction can now be read out of the memory 8 directly and converted in a further presentation step 9 directly into a current direction representation 14.
  • the direction representation thus generated can then be further processed in a processing step 10.
  • the current position of the search device is determined relative to the reference direction with the electronic compass in a further position determination step 11 below.
  • the reference direction is read from the memory 12 and determines a current position 13 of the search device with respect to the reference direction.
  • a current direction representation 15 is generated in the presentation step 9, which can be further processed in the processing step 10.
  • further processing 10 z For example, a search direction indication on a display with the period of 100 ms may be updated.
  • the displayed search direction then corresponds in each case to the receive direction determined with the last transmit pulse, taking into account the above-determined relative change in position of the search device with respect to the reference direction.
  • the process repeats with a new detection of a transmit pulse beginning at step 3.
  • FIGS. 2 a and 2 b each show a schematic view of a directional representation on a display 101 of a search device 100.
  • the illustration of FIG. 2 a shows a top view of a search area 106, wherein the display 101 is aligned parallel to a surface of the search area 106.
  • FIG. 2 a shows a situation in which the search device 100 and thus the display 101 has not been changed since the determination of a receive direction 102.
  • the reception direction 102 corresponds to a tangential direction of the local magnetic field lines of the transmission pulse received by the search device 100.
  • a directional representation 104 is displayed in the form of an arrow. Since the position of the search device 100 has not been moved or rotated relative to the determination time of the reception direction 102, the direction representation 104 shown on the display 101 corresponds to the reception direction 102.
  • the direction representation 104 closes (parallel to the reception direction 102). together with a longitudinal axis 105 of the search device 100 an angle ⁇ .
  • the search device 100 is rotated relative to the position in FIG. 2a in the plane of the display 101 or parallel to the surface of the search region 106 about an axis perpendicular to the surface of the search region 106 through the center of gravity 107.
  • a translatory change of position or a position change has not taken place.
  • the longitudinal axis 105 now encloses an angle ⁇ with an axial position 108 which corresponds to the position of the longitudinal axis 105 in FIG. 2a.
  • the longitudinal axis 105 includes an angle ⁇ + ⁇ with the receiving direction 102, wherein ⁇ and ⁇ are associated with a sign depending on the direction of rotation.
  • the rotation of the search device 100 relative to the receiving direction 102 is detected by position determining means of the search device 100.
  • the rotation is detected in particular by a measurement of the earth's magnetic field by a magnetic field sensor or an electronic compass in the search device.
  • the updated direction representation 111 is generated and displayed on the display 101 in the illustrated embodiment of the search device 100.
  • the receive direction 102 and considers the rotation of the search device 100 by the angle ⁇ .
  • the current direction representation 111 has been rotated relative to the direction representation 104 shown in FIG. 2a by an angle ⁇ opposite to the direction of rotation of the search device 100.
  • a deviation of the direction shown on the display 101 caused by the rotation of the search device 100 is compensated and the directional representation 111 further points in the search direction to the transmission location 102, ie in the direction of the reception direction 102.
  • FIG. 2c In a conventional device of the prior art, in which the inventive method is not used, resulting from the situation in Fig. 2a in a rotation of the search device 100 before the arrival of another transmission pulse, i. essentially within one second, the situation shown in Fig. 2c.
  • the rotation of FIG. 2 a according to FIG. 2 c corresponds in particular to the rotation of the search device 100 from the situation in FIG. 2 a to the situation in FIG. 2 b.
  • the longitudinal axis 105 of the search device 100 is also rotated as shown in FIG. 2b by the angle ⁇ relative to the original position 108 in FIG. 2a.
  • the longitudinal axis 105 encloses an angle ⁇ + ⁇ with the receiving direction 102.
  • the directional representation 109 on the display 101 has not been updated for a period of substantially up to one second, since this is only possible in the case of devices of the prior art upon a renewed reception of a transmission pulse of the transmission signal.
  • the direction representation 109 is thus not updated and is rotated by the search device 100 and the display 101 by the angle ⁇ .
  • the directional representation 109 thus points in a direction 110 which encloses an angle ⁇ with the reception direction 102.
  • the direction indicator 109 can thus deviate arbitrarily strongly from the actual search direction 102, depending on the rotation.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic block diagram of a search device 140 according to the invention.
  • the search device 140 comprises a receiving device 150 and position determining means 160. Furthermore, there is a processing unit 230 and in the illustrated embodiment also display means 170, a transmitting device 130 and input means 190 are present.
  • the illustrated components do not represent an exhaustive list of the possibly existing units of the search device 140.
  • the receiving device 150 preferably has a multi-antenna system 152 with which a receive direction of a received signal can be determined.
  • the receiving device 150 can be designed such that received signals are already processed in the receiving device 150 to be re-usable directional data. However, it is also conceivable that the receiving device 150 transmits a "raw signal" and the actual data processing for further use is carried out only in the processing unit 230.
  • the receiving device 150 is rigidly connected to the search device 140, whereby a receiving direction of the received signals directly relative to the search device 140 can be determined.
  • the transmitting device 130 serves to transmit a transmission signal.
  • the search device 140 is not designed as a pure search device but at the same time also serves as a transmitter of the transmission signal, so that the search device 140 can possibly be located by another search device.
  • the transmission unit 130 is connected to the processing unit 230 via a data exchange line 131.
  • the transmitting unit 130 may also be connected via another, not shown, line z. B. may be connected directly to the receiving device 150 to z. B. to establish a direct connection to the antenna 152 of the receiving device 150.
  • the transmitting device 130 may receive data z. B. also communicate with the antenna 152 of the receiving device 150 via the data lines 131, 151 and the processing unit 230.
  • the position determination means 160 are likewise rigidly connected to the search device 140 and allow a determination of the instantaneous position of the search device 140.
  • the position determination means preferably have sensors 162 which allow a measurement of the instantaneous position of the search device 140.
  • Magnetic field sensors so-called electronic compasses, which permit a particularly multi-axis measurement of the earth's magnetic field, are preferred here.
  • a measurement of the earth's magnetic field can take place in three axes, so that all three components of the magnetic field can be determined. But it can also z.
  • liquid-filled cavities come as inclination sensors in conjunction with magnetic field sensors are used.
  • the receiving device 150 and the position determining means 160 are connected to the processing unit 230 via data exchange lines 151 and 161, respectively.
  • the data exchange line 151 and 161 may be suitable for digital as well as for analog data transmission.
  • the processing unit 230 further comprises a memory unit 180 in which various information can be buffered. In particular, receiving directions received by the receiving device 150 can be stored therein with associated position data determined by the position determining means 160.
  • the storage unit 180 may, for. B. have multiple memory registers 181, which z. B. allows a batch processing or a batch storage previously determined reception directions and layers. This can be accessed on older data which z. B. allows averaging older data.
  • the memory unit 180 comprises at least one memory location 182, which is accessed by the processing unit 230 and can store and read out a receive direction and any associated position data. It is Z. B. conceivable that stored in memory location 182 receiving direction with possibly associated location data in another storage space, eg. B. an adjacent memory location 183, copied and overwritten in memory location 182 by a newer receive direction with associated location data. This may be the case in particular if a new reference position or reference direction has been determined as a result of a transmit pulse newly received in the receive device 150 and this is stored in the memory unit 180. Accordingly, older receive directions can always be moved further in the memory register 181 until they are filled, in which case z. B. in a known manner, the oldest entries can be deleted.
  • the display means 170 preferably comprises a graphic display 171, in particular a liquid crystal display. On the display 171 can then be a graphical output done by calculated or calculated in the search device 140 data. In particular, a directional representation of a receive direction generated by the processing unit 230 can be output on the display 171.
  • the z. B. periodically updated directional representations can be transmitted via a data exchange line 231 of the processing device to the display means 170 and the display 171.
  • other and / or further information can also be displayed on the display 171, such as, for example, B. a number of burials or a state of charge of the batteries of the search device.
  • Next z. B. information is displayed, which are received by other search devices.
  • the display means 170 may also comprise means for acoustic representation and / or further optical as well as vibratory alarms or display devices.
  • the display means 170 may also have the function of an input device. Conceivable here are z. B. so-called touch screens, ie displays, which z. B. are sensitive to pressure.
  • the input data can then be transmitted via the data exchange line 231 from the display means 170 to the processing unit 230. It goes without saying that the display means 170 may also have other components, which are not listed here.
  • the input means 190 allows the interaction of the user with the search device 140.
  • the input means 190 are made as simple as possible, since the use of the search device 140 often takes place under difficult circumstances, and in particular in emergency situations.
  • An essential functionality of the input means is an activation of a search mode, wherein a transmission mode in which the search device transmits a transmission signal which is normal mode.
  • the search mode must be able to be activated, if a transmission location is to be located, what z. B. in the case of an avalanche with burials is required.
  • the input means 190 should also allow the search device 140 to be turned on and off. But here are other solutions conceivable which z. B. depend on a state of motion of the search device.
  • a search device 140 for Carrying out a method according to the invention, at least the presence of a receiving device 150 and position determining means 160 and processing unit 230 are essential to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of a circuit 200 for position-determining means 160 as well as parts of the processing unit 230, as may be implemented in a search device according to the invention.
  • the position determining means 160 includes a magnetic field sensor 260 and two amplifiers 210 and 220.
  • the position determining means 160 are connected to the processing unit 230 via the communication line 161.
  • the processing unit 230 comprises an analog / digital converter 240 (A / D converter) and a microcontroller 250 (microcontroller).
  • a / D converter analog / digital converter
  • microcontroller 250 microcontroller
  • the components may be grouped in other embodiments, but in other ways.
  • the A / D converter 240 z. B. be integrated into the microcontroller 250.
  • the amplifiers 210 and 220 may also be formed in the processing unit 230, or the A / D converter 240 may be integrated with the position determining means 160.
  • the assignment of the components to the various units of the search device 140 is not essential to the functionality of the described components.
  • the illustrated magnetic field sensor 260 is a two-axis compass that can detect two components of a magnetic field.
  • the magnetic field sensor 260 has two outputs 261 and 262, at which an x-axis signal 262 and a y-axis signal 261 can be removed.
  • the magnetic field sensor 260 provides an analog signal for each axis.
  • a suitable, currently available electronic two-axis compass is, for example, the Honeywell HMC1052.
  • the analog signals of the magnetic field sensor 260 are fed at the outputs 261 and 262 via data lines 263 and 264 to an analog amplifier 210 and 220, respectively.
  • the two analog amplifiers 210 and 220 are shown in FIG. 4 as units of the position determining means 160. But it is also conceivable that the amplifiers 210 and 220 z. B. are integrated directly into the magnetic field sensor 260 or formed as subunits of the processing unit 230 of the search device. At Outputs 211 and 221 of the amplifiers 210 and 220, respectively, an amplified analog signal of the respective magnetic field component can be removed.
  • the processing unit 230 Via the data exchange line 161, which may also comprise a plurality of lines or channels, we transmit the amplified analog signal to the processing unit 230.
  • the signal In the processing unit 230, the signal is digitized by the A / D converter 240.
  • the digital signal can then be transmitted via a data exchange line 241 from the A / D converter 240 to the microcontroller 250 where the signal can be evaluated.
  • the thus processed digital signal can be evaluated and used as algebraic data in the method according to the invention.
  • the process can be z. B. be implemented as software in the microcontroller 250.
  • a one-axis magnetic field sensor or one-axis compass may be provided as a separate component in the attitude determining means 160.
  • the required for the operation of the one-axis sensor circuit substantially corresponds to the circuit of the illustration in Fig. 4, wherein only an analog signal can be removed at only one output of the sensor.
  • the analog signal is then passed to the microcontroller 250 similarly to the signal path shown in FIG. 4 via an analog amplifier and a subsequent A / D converter as a digital signal.
  • One suitable, currently available one-axis electronic compass is, for example, Honeywell's HMC1041Z. It is understood that three-axis compasses can also be used in which all three components of the earth's magnetic field can be measured in an integrated component. Preferably, all components of the position determining means 160 are mounted on an electronic circuit board of the search device.
  • the invention provides a method for generating a directional representation of a receive direction of a transmit signal, which allows rapid and accurate location of a transmission location. Furthermore, the invention provides a search device which is designed and suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Navigation (AREA)
  • Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
EP06405479.4A 2005-11-14 2006-11-14 Dispositif de recherche Active EP1785169B1 (fr)

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EP05405632A EP1785168A1 (fr) 2005-11-14 2005-11-14 Dispositif de recherche
EP06405479.4A EP1785169B1 (fr) 2005-11-14 2006-11-14 Dispositif de recherche

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008016137A1 (de) * 2007-11-19 2009-05-20 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Vorrichtung zur Ortung von Objekten oder Personen, insbesondere für eine Lawinenverschüttetensuche sowie Verfahren zur Ortung
EP2072092A1 (fr) * 2007-12-19 2009-06-24 Gerald Kampel Dispositif de localisation et procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de localisation
DE102011003154A1 (de) 2011-01-26 2012-07-26 Gerald Kampel Suchgerät sowie Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Aktualisierten Richtungsdarstellung der Suchrichtung
EP2527011A1 (fr) 2011-05-26 2012-11-28 Mammut Sports Group AG Appareil de recherche et d'émission
EP2752680A1 (fr) * 2013-01-04 2014-07-09 Ortovox Sportartikel GmbH Système de recherche et procédé de recherche d'une personne ensevelie
WO2015040156A1 (fr) * 2013-09-19 2015-03-26 Universitat Autonoma De Barcelona Procédé et dispositif de secours portable permettant de localiser des victimes d'avalanches
EP2907551A1 (fr) * 2014-02-14 2015-08-19 Ortovox Sportartikel GmbH Détecteur et procédé de fonctionnement d'un détecteur

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DE3531726A1 (de) 1985-09-05 1987-03-05 Gerald Kampel Verschuettetensuchgeraet
DE19752939C1 (de) 1997-11-28 1999-08-26 Kampel Verschüttetensuchgerät
DE19961112A1 (de) * 1999-12-17 2001-07-12 Christian Hano Verschüttetensuchgerät
WO2002056274A1 (fr) * 2000-11-22 2002-07-18 Digital Angel Corporation Procede et systeme permettant de reperer des personnes ou des ressources dans des espaces clos
EP1439400A2 (fr) * 2003-01-15 2004-07-21 Seidel Elektronik GmbH Nfg. KG appareil pour chercher, in particulier pour la localisation de personnes ensevelies sous une avalanche, et procéde permettant de distinguer entre differentes signaux recus
EP1577679A1 (fr) * 2004-03-17 2005-09-21 Gerald Kampel Appareil de recherche pour la localisation d'un transmetteur, en particulier appareil de recherche pour la détection des personnes accidentées par des avalanches

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DE3531726A1 (de) 1985-09-05 1987-03-05 Gerald Kampel Verschuettetensuchgeraet
DE19752939C1 (de) 1997-11-28 1999-08-26 Kampel Verschüttetensuchgerät
DE19961112A1 (de) * 1999-12-17 2001-07-12 Christian Hano Verschüttetensuchgerät
WO2002056274A1 (fr) * 2000-11-22 2002-07-18 Digital Angel Corporation Procede et systeme permettant de reperer des personnes ou des ressources dans des espaces clos
EP1439400A2 (fr) * 2003-01-15 2004-07-21 Seidel Elektronik GmbH Nfg. KG appareil pour chercher, in particulier pour la localisation de personnes ensevelies sous une avalanche, et procéde permettant de distinguer entre differentes signaux recus
EP1577679A1 (fr) * 2004-03-17 2005-09-21 Gerald Kampel Appareil de recherche pour la localisation d'un transmetteur, en particulier appareil de recherche pour la détection des personnes accidentées par des avalanches

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008016137A1 (de) * 2007-11-19 2009-05-20 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Vorrichtung zur Ortung von Objekten oder Personen, insbesondere für eine Lawinenverschüttetensuche sowie Verfahren zur Ortung
EP2072092A1 (fr) * 2007-12-19 2009-06-24 Gerald Kampel Dispositif de localisation et procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de localisation
US8160512B2 (en) 2007-12-19 2012-04-17 Gerald Kampel Searching apparatus and method for operating a searching apparatus
DE102011003154A1 (de) 2011-01-26 2012-07-26 Gerald Kampel Suchgerät sowie Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Aktualisierten Richtungsdarstellung der Suchrichtung
DE102011003154B4 (de) * 2011-01-26 2020-08-27 Ortovox Sportartikel Gmbh Suchgerät sowie Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Aktualisierten Richtungsdarstellung der Suchrichtung
EP2527011A1 (fr) 2011-05-26 2012-11-28 Mammut Sports Group AG Appareil de recherche et d'émission
EP2752680A1 (fr) * 2013-01-04 2014-07-09 Ortovox Sportartikel GmbH Système de recherche et procédé de recherche d'une personne ensevelie
US9529072B2 (en) 2013-01-04 2016-12-27 Ortovox Sportartikel Gmbh Search system and method for searching for a buried person
WO2015040156A1 (fr) * 2013-09-19 2015-03-26 Universitat Autonoma De Barcelona Procédé et dispositif de secours portable permettant de localiser des victimes d'avalanches
EP2907551A1 (fr) * 2014-02-14 2015-08-19 Ortovox Sportartikel GmbH Détecteur et procédé de fonctionnement d'un détecteur

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