EP1784282B1 - Grinding wheel for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces - Google Patents

Grinding wheel for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1784282B1
EP1784282B1 EP05762982A EP05762982A EP1784282B1 EP 1784282 B1 EP1784282 B1 EP 1784282B1 EP 05762982 A EP05762982 A EP 05762982A EP 05762982 A EP05762982 A EP 05762982A EP 1784282 B1 EP1784282 B1 EP 1784282B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grinding
workpieces
ball screw
grinding wheel
workpiece
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EP05762982A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1784282A1 (en
Inventor
Paul LEINMÜLLER
Werner Kolb
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Robert Bosch Automotive Steering GmbH
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ZF Lenksysteme GmbH
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Priority to PL05762982T priority Critical patent/PL1784282T3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
    • B24B19/02—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding grooves, e.g. on shafts, in casings, in tubes, homokinetic joint elements
    • B24B19/022—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding grooves, e.g. on shafts, in casings, in tubes, homokinetic joint elements for helicoidal grooves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a grinding wheel for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces, in particular ball screw rods or ball screw nuts for motor vehicle steering systems, with an abrasive body whose outer contour is adapted to the ball screw to be generated. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces, in particular on ball screw rods or ball screw nuts for motor vehicle steering systems.
  • the CH 538 332 describes a method and apparatus for making taps with metric threads.
  • the grinding wheel has two grinding areas, namely a smooth, cylindrical area for grinding the outer diameter of the thread and a profiled area for grinding the profile of the thread on the workpiece.
  • the profiled area is also divided into two different sections with different diameters.
  • the method described there can not be transferred to the production of ball screws, since the ballscrews significantly greater penetration depths and thus correspondingly increased cutting performance are required.
  • the workpiece before machining for example by turning, pre-work.
  • a device for grinding screw threads is in the GB 398 519 A described.
  • two structurally separate grinding wheels are provided, one of which is a coarse and soft and the other is made of a hard and fine material.
  • the disadvantage here is the high cost of the two physically separate grinding wheels.
  • the grinding wheel of the grinding wheel according to the invention has at least two stages with different diameters, of which one stage takes over the pre-and the other stage, the finishing of the ball screw to be generated.
  • This structure of the grinding wheel it is possible to produce both a Au- ⁇ en and an internal thread in a single pass and with a single grinding wheel, and it is also easily possible to grind into the full, hard material.
  • both external and internal ball screw can be produced in a much shorter processing time, which allows shorter cycle times and thus ultimately a cost-effective end product with better market opportunities.
  • a further significant improvement in the quality of the surface of the thread produced is achieved by in that the steps have different grits, the step serving for finishing the workpieces having a finer grain size than the step serving for pre-machining the workpieces.
  • the invention provides that the abrasive body has a base body which is covered with cubic boron nitride as an abrasive by a galvanic or ceramic bond.
  • a trained grinding wheel must advantageously not be reworked or dressed during manufacture, but can be used over a long period of time, which additionally increases their productivity.
  • the base body consists of metal.
  • a method according to the invention for producing Au- ⁇ en or internal ball threads on workpieces can be found in the features of claim 4.
  • the grinding wheel is employed for machining by the pitch angle of the thread against the central axis of the workpiece.
  • Fig. 1 shows a grinding wheel 1, which serves for machining a workpiece 2.
  • the workpiece 2 is a ball screw rod which is intended for use in motor vehicle steering systems.
  • a ball screw 3 in this case an external ball screw, is produced on the workpiece 2, for which purpose the grinding wheel 1 can be attached to a grinding machine (not shown).
  • the grinding wheel 1 according to Fig. 1 has an abrasive body 4, which in the illustrated embodiment has three adapted to the profile of the ball screw 3 to be generated, each projecting as protrusions of the grinding wheel 4, arranged side by side stages 5, 6 and 7.
  • the first stage 5 has the smallest diameter and is used for pre-machining of the workpieces 2.
  • the first Stage 5 in the direction of feed "A" following second stage 6 has a larger diameter than the first stage 5 and the third stage 7 has the largest diameter of the three stages 5, 6 and 7 and is used for finishing the workpieces. 2
  • the first step 5 can have a cutting depth of 2 mm, the second step 6 a cutting depth of 0.8 mm and the third step 7 a cutting depth of 0.2 mm.
  • the diameter of the third stage 7 is 0.4 mm larger than that of the second stage 6 and 2 mm larger than that of the first stage 5.
  • the three stages 5, 6 and 7 have different grits, wherein the finishing of the workpieces 2 serving, third stage 7 has a finer grain size than the second stage 6 and the second stage 6 in turn has a finer grain than the preprocessing of the workpieces 2 serving first stage first
  • the first stage 5 may have a grain size of 60
  • the second stage 6 a grain size of 150
  • the third stage 7 a grain size of 250.
  • the above-mentioned values with respect to the diameter and the granulation of the individual stages 5, 6 and 7 are to be regarded as exemplary only and may in some cases considerably at different diameters of the workpieces 2 and / or at different thread depths vary.
  • the grinding body 4 of the grinding wheel 1 has a basic body 9 consisting of a metal, preferably of steel, which is covered with an abrasive 10 indicated by a dotted line.
  • an abrasive 10 here cubic boron nitride is used, which is connected by a galvanic bond to the base body 9.
  • a ceramic bond may be used, in which case, in contrast to a galvanic bond, a dressing of the grinding wheel 1 during grinding is required.
  • the thread 8 is not mechanically preprocessed prior to grinding, i. the processing by means of the grinding wheel 1 takes place into the full material, wherein the three stages 5, 6 and 7 engage in succession and the subsequent stages 6 and 7 only have to machine that part of the thread 8 to be produced, that of the preceding stage 5 or 6 was not machined. Furthermore, the workpiece 2 is hardened prior to grinding to be able to dispense with a subsequent straightening the same.
  • Fig. 2 is the workpiece 2 produced with the grinding wheel 1 using the method described above, that is to say the ball screw rod.
  • a plurality of balls 11 are shown, which in the use of the ball screw rod with an in Fig. 4 shown ball screw nut be used as a workpiece 2.
  • the ball screw 3 has in the present case a very small pitch, for example, a pitch of 7 mm, so that the thread inlet and outlet on the workpiece 2 are correspondingly short.
  • Fig. 3 an alternative embodiment of the grinding wheel 1 is shown, the grinding wheel 4 only two stages, namely the first, serving for pre-processing stage 5 and the third, for finishing the workpieces 2 serving stage 7 has. Furthermore, it can be seen that the two stages 5 and 7 are formed by individual disks or grinding bodies 4 which are combined to form the grinding wheel 1.
  • the workpiece 2 to be machined with this grinding wheel 1 is a ball screw nut in whose bore 12 the thread 8 of the ball screw 3, not shown in this case, is introduced.
  • Fig. 3 is further seen that the grinding wheel 1 is employed for machining the workpiece 2 by the pitch angle ⁇ of the ball screw 3 against the central axis 13 of the workpiece 2.
  • processing of the ball screw rod can be provided, and it is possible in this way to use grinding wheels 1, in which the thread pitch is not corrected. Rather, employed by this angle grinding wheels 1 have exactly the profile to be produced and image in the workpiece 2.
  • Part of the finished ball screw nut is in Fig. 4 shown.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schleifscheibe zur Erzeugung von Außen- oder Innen-Kugelgewinden an Werkstücken, insbesondere an Kugelgewindestangen oder Kugelgewindemuttern für Kraftfahrzeuglenkungen, mit einem Schleifkörper, dessen Außenkontur an das zu erzeugende Kugelgewinde angepasst ist. Des weiteren betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Außen- oder Innen-Kugelgewinden an Werkstücken, insbesondere an Kugelgewindestangen oder Kugelgewindemuttern für Kraftfahrzeuglenkungen.The invention relates to a grinding wheel for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces, in particular ball screw rods or ball screw nuts for motor vehicle steering systems, with an abrasive body whose outer contour is adapted to the ball screw to be generated. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces, in particular on ball screw rods or ball screw nuts for motor vehicle steering systems.

Eine gattungsgemäße Schleifscheibe zur Erzeugung von Außen- oder Innenkugelgewinden an Werkstücken und ein entsprechendes Verfahren sind aus der US 5,586,469 A bekannt.A generic grinding wheel for generating external or internal ball threads on workpieces and a corresponding method are known from US 5,586,469 A known.

Aus dem allgemeinen Stand der Technik ist es bekannt, Kugelgewindestangen und mit denselben zusammenarbeitende Kugelgewindemuttern mittels einer dem herzustellenden Gewindegang angepassten Schleifscheibe, welche in mehreren Durchgängen über das zu bearbeitende Werkstück geführt wird, herzustellen. Meist werden für die aufeinanderfolgenden Durchgänge unterschiedlich profilierte Schleifscheiben eingesetzt, um eine unterschiedliche Zustellung in Richtung des Werkstücks zu erreichen.From the general state of the art it is known to produce ball screw rods and ball screw nuts cooperating therewith by means of a grinding wheel adapted to the thread to be produced, which is guided in multiple passes over the workpiece to be machined. Mostly for the successive passes differently profiled grinding wheels are used to a different To achieve delivery in the direction of the workpiece.

Nachteilig ist dabei jedoch, dass diese Bearbeitung aufgrund der vielen Arbeits-, Umspann- und Einrichtvorgänge sehr lange dauert, und dass aufwändige Maschinen, insbesondere Schleifmaschinen, mit zumeist zwei oder mehr Spindeln eingesetzt werden müssen, wodurch sich insgesamt sehr hohe Kosten bei der Erzeugung der Kugelgewinde ergeben.The disadvantage here, however, that this processing takes a long time due to the many work, Umspann- and setup operations, and that complex machines, especially grinding machines, usually with two or more spindles must be used, resulting in a very high overall cost in the production of Ball screw revealed.

Die CH 538 332 beschreibt ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Gewindebohrern mit metrischen Gewinden. Hierbei weist die Schleifscheibe zwei Schleifbereiche auf, nämlich einen glatten, zylindrischen Bereich zum Schleifen des Außendurchmessers des Gewindes und einen profilierten Bereich zum Schleifen des Profils des Gewindes an dem Werkstück. Der profilierte Bereich ist darüber hinaus in zwei verschiedene Abschnitte mit unterschiedlichen Durchmessern unterteilt. Das dort beschriebene Verfahren lässt sich jedoch keinesfalls auf das Erzeugen von Kugelgewinden übertragen, da beim Kugelgewindeschleifen erheblich größere Eindringtiefen und somit entsprechend erhöhte Zerspanungsleistungen erforderlich sind. Darüber hinaus ist es auch gemäß diesem Stand der Technik erforderlich, das Werkstück zuvor spanend, beispielsweise durch Drehen, vorzubearbeiten.The CH 538 332 describes a method and apparatus for making taps with metric threads. Here, the grinding wheel has two grinding areas, namely a smooth, cylindrical area for grinding the outer diameter of the thread and a profiled area for grinding the profile of the thread on the workpiece. The profiled area is also divided into two different sections with different diameters. However, the method described there can not be transferred to the production of ball screws, since the ballscrews significantly greater penetration depths and thus correspondingly increased cutting performance are required. In addition, it is also necessary according to this prior art, the workpiece before machining, for example by turning, pre-work.

Eine Vorrichtung zum Schleifen von Schraubengewinden ist in der GB 398 519 A beschrieben. Dabei sind zwei baulich voneinander getrennte Schleifscheiben vorgesehen, von denen eine aus einem groben und weichen und die andere aus einem harten und feinen Material besteht. Nachteilig ist dabei der hohe Aufwand für die beiden körperlich voneinander getrennten Schleifscheiben.A device for grinding screw threads is in the GB 398 519 A described. In this case, two structurally separate grinding wheels are provided, one of which is a coarse and soft and the other is made of a hard and fine material. The disadvantage here is the high cost of the two physically separate grinding wheels.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Schleifscheibe sowie ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Außen- oder Innenkugelgewinden an Werkstücken zu schaffen, mit denen Kugelgewinde einerseits schneller und kostengünstiger und andererseits mit gleichbleibend hoher Qualität und Prozesssicherheit hergestellt werden können.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a grinding wheel and a method for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces with which ball screw can be made on the one hand faster and cheaper and on the other hand with consistently high quality and process reliability.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die in Anspruch 1 genannten Merkmale gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features mentioned in claim 1.

Der Schleifkörper der erfindungsgemäßen Schleifscheibe weist wenigstens zwei Stufen mit unterschiedlichen Durchmessern auf, von denen eine Stufe die Vor- und die andere Stufe die Fertigbearbeitung des zu erzeugenden Kugelgewindes übernimmt. Durch diesen Aufbau der Schleifscheibe ist es möglich, in einem Durchgang und mit einer einzigen Schleifscheibe sowohl ein Au-βen- als auch ein Innengewinde zu erzeugen, wobei es auch problemlos möglich ist, ins volle, harte Material zu schleifen. Dadurch lassen sich sowohl Außen- als auch Innen-Kugelgewinde in einer wesentlich kürzeren Bearbeitungszeit herstellen, was kürzere Taktzeiten und damit letztendlich ein kostengünstiges Endprodukt mit besseren Marktchancen ermöglicht.The grinding wheel of the grinding wheel according to the invention has at least two stages with different diameters, of which one stage takes over the pre-and the other stage, the finishing of the ball screw to be generated. This structure of the grinding wheel, it is possible to produce both a Au-βen and an internal thread in a single pass and with a single grinding wheel, and it is also easily possible to grind into the full, hard material. As a result, both external and internal ball screw can be produced in a much shorter processing time, which allows shorter cycle times and thus ultimately a cost-effective end product with better market opportunities.

Eine weitere erhebliche Verbesserung der Qualität der Oberfläche des erzeugten Gewindes wird dadurch erzielt, dass die Stufen unterschiedliche Körnungen aufweisen, wobei die zur Fertigbearbeitung der Werkstücke dienende Stufe eine feinere Körnung aufweist als die zur Vorbearbeitung der Werkstücke dienende Stufe.A further significant improvement in the quality of the surface of the thread produced is achieved by in that the steps have different grits, the step serving for finishing the workpieces having a finer grain size than the step serving for pre-machining the workpieces.

Des Weiteren ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass der Schleifkörper einen Grundkörper aufweist, der mit kubischem Bornitrid als Schleifmittel durch eine galvanische oder keramische Bindung belegt ist. Eine derart ausgebildete Schleifscheibe muss vorteilhafterweise während der Fertigung nicht nachgearbeitet bzw. abgerichtet werden, sondern kann über einen langen Zeitraum eingesetzt werden, was deren Produktivität zusätzlich erhöht.Furthermore, the invention provides that the abrasive body has a base body which is covered with cubic boron nitride as an abrasive by a galvanic or ceramic bond. Such a trained grinding wheel must advantageously not be reworked or dressed during manufacture, but can be used over a long period of time, which additionally increases their productivity.

Insbesondere bei der Herstellung von Außen-Kugelgewinden ist es sowohl bezüglich der Zerspanungsleistung als auch bezüglich der zu erzielenden Oberflächenqualität des Gewindes sehr vorteilhaft, wenn der Schleifkörper drei Stufen aufweist, wobei eine zweite Stufe einen größeren Durchmesser als die erste Stufe und einen geringeren Durchmesser als die weitere, dritte Stufe aufweist.In particular, in the production of external ball screws, it is very advantageous both in terms of cutting performance and with respect to the surface quality of the thread to be achieved when the grinding body has three stages, wherein a second stage has a larger diameter than the first stage and a smaller diameter than the further, third stage.

Bei derartigen Schleifkörpern hat es sich als besonders vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn der Grundkörper aus Metall besteht.In such abrasive bodies, it has been found to be particularly advantageous if the base body consists of metal.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Au-βen- oder Innen-Kugelgewinden an Werkstücken ist den Merkmalen von Anspruch 4 zu entnehmen.A method according to the invention for producing Au-βen or internal ball threads on workpieces can be found in the features of claim 4.

Ein derartiges Verfahren erlaubt eine erheblich vereinfachte Arbeitsabfolge beim Herstellen von Werkstücken mit Außen- oder Innen-Kugelgewinden, da weder die Werkstücke noch die Schleifscheibe umgespannt werden müssen und die Bearbeitung nur geringe Maschinen- und Anlageninvestitionen erfordert. In diesem Zusammenhang kann es gegebenenfalls sinnvoll sein, statt eines Leerhubs beim Zurückfahren dieselbe ein zweites Mal mit einer erheblich geringeren Zustellung über das Werkstück zu führen, um auf diese Weise eine verbesserte Oberflächenqualität und gegebenenfalls eine höhere Maßhaltigkeit zu erzielen.Such a method allows a considerably simplified Work sequence in the manufacture of workpieces with external or internal ball screws, since neither the workpieces nor the grinding wheel must be re-clamped and the processing requires only small investments in machinery and equipment. In this context, it may be appropriate, instead of a Leerhubs when driving back the same a second time with a significantly lower delivery over the workpiece to lead in this way an improved surface quality and possibly a higher Dimensional accuracy to achieve.

Gerade bei Außen-Kugelgewinden ist es vorteilhaft und aufgrund des großen Durchmessers und der damit verbundenen hohen Schnittgeschwindigkeit, die zu einer sehr hohen Zerspanungsleistung führt, problemlos zu realisieren, wenn der Gewindegang vor der Schleifbearbeitung nicht mechanisch vorbearbeitet wird.Especially with external ball screws, it is advantageous and easy to realize due to the large diameter and the associated high cutting speed, which leads to a very high cutting performance, if the thread is not pre-machined prior to grinding.

Demgegenüber kann es insbesondere bei Innen-Kugelgewinden sinnvoll sein, dass der Gewindegang vor der Schleifbearbeitung mechanisch vorbearbeitet wird, um der geringeren Zerspanungsleistung der hierfür eingesetzten Schleifscheiben Rechnung zu tragen.In contrast, it may be useful, in particular in the case of internal ball threads, for the thread to be mechanically preprocessed prior to the grinding operation in order to take account of the lower cutting performance of the grinding wheels used for this purpose.

Ein zusätzliches Richten der Werkstücke kann eingespart werden, wenn das Werkstück vor der Schleifbearbeitung gehärtet wird.Additional straightening of the workpieces can be saved if the workpiece is hardened prior to grinding.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Schleifscheibe zur Bearbeitung um den Steigungswinkel des Gewindes gegen die Mittelachse des Werkstücks angestellt wird. Durch ein derartiges Anstellen der Schleifscheibe um den Steigungswinkel ist es möglich, nicht korrigierte Schleifscheiben einzusetzen, da auf diese Weise der Steigungswinkel des Kugelgewindes unmittelbar in das Werkstück eingebracht wird.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention can be provided that the grinding wheel is employed for machining by the pitch angle of the thread against the central axis of the workpiece. By so setting the grinding wheel by the pitch angle, it is possible to use non-corrected grinding wheels, since in this way the pitch angle of the ball screw is introduced directly into the workpiece.

Nachfolgend sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung prinzipmäßig dargestellt.Embodiments of the invention are shown in principle with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine erfindungsgemäße Schleifscheibe zur Herstellung von Außen-Kugelgewinden;
Fig. 2
eine mit einer Schleifscheibe gemäß Fig. 1 nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellte Kugelgewindestange; und
Fig. 3
eine erfindungsgemäße Schleifscheibe zur Herstellung von Innen-Kugelgewinden;
Fig. 4
eine mit einer Schleifscheibe gemäß Fig. 3 nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellte Kugelgewindemutter.
It shows:
Fig. 1
a grinding wheel according to the invention for the production of external ball screws;
Fig. 2
one with a grinding wheel according to Fig. 1 Ball screw rod produced by the process according to the invention; and
Fig. 3
a grinding wheel according to the invention for the production of internal ball screws;
Fig. 4
one with a grinding wheel according to Fig. 3 Ball screw nut produced by the process according to the invention.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Schleifscheibe 1, welche zur Bearbeitung eines Werkstücks 2 dient. Bei dem Werkstück 2 handelt es sich im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel um eine Kugelgewindestange, die zur Anwendung in Kraftfahrzeuglenkungen vorgesehen ist. Mittels der Schleifscheibe 1 wird an dem Werkstück 2 ein Kugelgewinde 3, im vorliegenden Fall ein Außen-Kugelgewinde, erzeugt, wozu die Schleifscheibe 1 an einer nicht dargestellten Schleifmaschine angebracht sein kann. Fig. 1 shows a grinding wheel 1, which serves for machining a workpiece 2. In the illustrated embodiment, the workpiece 2 is a ball screw rod which is intended for use in motor vehicle steering systems. By means of the grinding wheel 1, a ball screw 3, in this case an external ball screw, is produced on the workpiece 2, for which purpose the grinding wheel 1 can be attached to a grinding machine (not shown).

Die Schleifscheibe 1 gemäß Fig. 1 weist einen Schleifkörper 4 auf, welcher in der dargestellten Ausführungsform drei an das zu erzeugende Profil des Kugelgewindes 3 angepasste, jeweils als Vorsprünge von dem Schleifkörper 4 hervorstehende, nebeneinander angeordnete Stufen 5, 6 und 7 aufweist. Hiervon weist die erste Stufe 5 den geringsten Durchmesser auf und dient zur Vorbearbeitung der Werkstücke 2. Die der ersten Stufe 5 in Richtung des Vorschubs "A" folgende zweite Stufe 6 weist einen größeren Durchmesser auf als die erste Stufe 5 und die dritte Stufe 7 weist den größten Durchmesser der drei Stufen 5, 6 und 7 auf und dient zur Fertigbearbeitung der Werkstücke 2.The grinding wheel 1 according to Fig. 1 has an abrasive body 4, which in the illustrated embodiment has three adapted to the profile of the ball screw 3 to be generated, each projecting as protrusions of the grinding wheel 4, arranged side by side stages 5, 6 and 7. Of these, the first stage 5 has the smallest diameter and is used for pre-machining of the workpieces 2. The first Stage 5 in the direction of feed "A" following second stage 6 has a larger diameter than the first stage 5 and the third stage 7 has the largest diameter of the three stages 5, 6 and 7 and is used for finishing the workpieces. 2

Wenn die mit einer ausgewählten Schnittgeschwindigkeit rotierende Schleifscheibe 1 in Vorschubrichtung A über das Werkstück 2 geführt wird, wird in dasselbe ein Gewindegang 8 eingebracht, der das Kugelgewinde 3 bildet. Bei einer Tiefe des Gewindegangs 8 von beispielsweise 3 mm kann hierbei die erste Stufe 5 eine Schnitttiefe von 2 mm, die zweite Stufe 6 eine Schnitttiefe von 0,8 mm und die dritte Stufe 7 eine Schnitttiefe von 0,2 mm aufweisen. Mit anderen Worten, der Durchmesser der dritten Stufe 7 ist dabei um 0,4 mm größer als der der zweiten Stufe 6 und um 2 mm grö-βer als der der ersten Stufe 5. Dabei ist es zu bevorzugen, wenn die drei Stufen 5, 6 und 7 unterschiedliche Körnungen aufweisen, wobei die zur Fertigbearbeitung der Werkstücke 2 dienende, dritte Stufe 7 eine feinere Körnung aufweist als die zweite Stufe 6 und die zweite Stufe 6 wiederum eine feinere Körnung aufweist als die zur Vorbearbeitung der Werkstücke 2 dienende erste Stufe 1. Beispielsweise kann die erste Stufe 5 eine Körnung von 60, die zweite Stufe 6 eine Körnung von 150 und die dritte Stufe 7 eine Körnung von 250 aufweisen. Selbstverständlich sind die oben genannten Werte bezüglich des Durchmessers und der Körnung der einzelnen Stufen 5, 6 und 7 lediglich als beispielhaft anzusehen und können insbesondere bei unterschiedlichen Durchmessern der Werkstücke 2 und/oder bei unterschiedlichen Gewindetiefen teilweise erheblich variieren.When the grinding wheel 1 rotating at a selected cutting speed is guided over the workpiece 2 in the feed direction A, a thread 8 which forms the ball screw 3 is introduced into the same. In the case of a depth of the thread 8 of, for example, 3 mm, the first step 5 can have a cutting depth of 2 mm, the second step 6 a cutting depth of 0.8 mm and the third step 7 a cutting depth of 0.2 mm. In other words, the diameter of the third stage 7 is 0.4 mm larger than that of the second stage 6 and 2 mm larger than that of the first stage 5. It is preferable if the three stages 5, 6 and 7 have different grits, wherein the finishing of the workpieces 2 serving, third stage 7 has a finer grain size than the second stage 6 and the second stage 6 in turn has a finer grain than the preprocessing of the workpieces 2 serving first stage first For example, the first stage 5 may have a grain size of 60, the second stage 6 a grain size of 150 and the third stage 7 a grain size of 250. Of course, the above-mentioned values with respect to the diameter and the granulation of the individual stages 5, 6 and 7 are to be regarded as exemplary only and may in some cases considerably at different diameters of the workpieces 2 and / or at different thread depths vary.

Der Schleifkörper 4 der Schleifscheibe 1 weist im vorliegenden Fall einen aus einem Metall, vorzugsweise aus Stahl, bestehenden Grundkörper 9 auf, der mit einem durch eine gepunktete Linie angedeuteten Schleifmittel 10 belegt ist. Als Schleifmittel 10 kommt hierbei kubisches Bornitrid zum Einsatz, welches durch eine galvanische Bindung mit dem Grundkörper 9 verbunden ist. Gegebenenfalls kann auch eine keramische Bindung zum Einsatz kommen, wobei dann im Gegensatz zu einer galvanischen Bindung ein Abrichten der Schleifscheibe 1 während des Schleifens erforderlich ist.In the present case, the grinding body 4 of the grinding wheel 1 has a basic body 9 consisting of a metal, preferably of steel, which is covered with an abrasive 10 indicated by a dotted line. As an abrasive 10 here cubic boron nitride is used, which is connected by a galvanic bond to the base body 9. Optionally, a ceramic bond may be used, in which case, in contrast to a galvanic bond, a dressing of the grinding wheel 1 during grinding is required.

Bei der Herstellung des Kugelgewindes 3 an Kugelgewindestangen als Werkstücke 2 wird der Gewindegang 8 vor der Schleifbearbeitung nicht mechanisch vorbearbeitet, d.h. die Bearbeitung mittels der Schleifscheibe 1 erfolgt ins volle Material, wobei die drei Stufen 5, 6 und 7 nacheinander in Eingriff kommen und die nachfolgenden Stufen 6 bzw. 7 nur noch denjenigen Teil des zu fertigenden Gewindegangs 8 zerspanen müssen, der von der vorhergehenden Stufe 5 bzw. 6 nicht zerspant wurde. Des weiteren wird das Werkstück 2 vor der Schleifbearbeitung gehärtet, um auf ein späteres Richten desselben verzichten zu können.In the manufacture of the ball screw 3 on ball screw rods as workpieces 2, the thread 8 is not mechanically preprocessed prior to grinding, i. the processing by means of the grinding wheel 1 takes place into the full material, wherein the three stages 5, 6 and 7 engage in succession and the subsequent stages 6 and 7 only have to machine that part of the thread 8 to be produced, that of the preceding stage 5 or 6 was not machined. Furthermore, the workpiece 2 is hardened prior to grinding to be able to dispense with a subsequent straightening the same.

In Fig. 2 ist das mit der Schleifscheibe 1 unter Verwendung des oben beschriebenen Verfahrens hergestellte Werkstück 2, also die Kugelgewindestange, dargestellt. Hierbei sind mittels gestrichelter Linien mehrere Kugeln 11 eingezeichnet, die bei der Verwendung der Kugelgewindestange mit einer in Fig. 4 dargestellten Kugelgewindemutter als Werkstück 2 zum Einsatz kommen. Das Kugelgewinde 3 weist im vorliegenden Fall eine sehr geringe Steigung, beispielsweise eine Steigung von 7 mm auf, so dass der Gewindeein- und -auslauf auf dem Werkstück 2 entsprechend kurz sind.In Fig. 2 is the workpiece 2 produced with the grinding wheel 1 using the method described above, that is to say the ball screw rod. Here, by means of dashed lines a plurality of balls 11 are shown, which in the use of the ball screw rod with an in Fig. 4 shown ball screw nut be used as a workpiece 2. The ball screw 3 has in the present case a very small pitch, for example, a pitch of 7 mm, so that the thread inlet and outlet on the workpiece 2 are correspondingly short.

In Fig. 3 ist eine alternative Ausführungsform der Schleifscheibe 1 dargestellt, deren Schleifkörper 4 lediglich zwei Stufen, nämlich die erste, zur Vorbearbeitung dienende Stufe 5 und die dritte, zur Fertigbearbeitung der Werkstücke 2 dienende Stufe 7 aufweist. Des weiteren ist erkennbar, dass die beiden Stufen 5 und 7 durch einzelne, zu der Schleifscheibe 1 zusammengesetzte Scheiben bzw. Schleifkörper 4 gebildet sind. Bei dem mit dieser Schleifscheibe 1 zu bearbeitenden Werkstück 2 handelt es sich um eine Kugelgewindemutter, in deren Bohrung 12 der in diesem Fall nicht dargestellte Gewindegang 8 des Kugelgewindes 3 eingebracht wird. Vor der Bearbeitung des Werkstücks 2 mittels der Schleifscheibe 1 erfolgt vorzugsweise eine mechanische, insbesondere spanende Vorbearbeitung des Gewindegangs 8, beispielsweise mittels einer Drehbearbeitung, da aufgrund des geringeren Durchmessers der Schleifscheibe 1 nur eine geringere Zerspanungsleistung als beim Schleifen von Außen-Kugelgewinden erzielt werden kann. Statt eines Leerhubs beim Zurückfahren der Schleifscheibe 1 kann dieselbe ein zweites Mal mit einer geringeren Zustellung über das Werkstück 2 geführt werden, um eine verbesserte Oberflächenqualität und eine höhere Maßhaltigkeit zu erzielen. Dies gilt auch für das unter Bezugnahme auf Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 beschriebene Verfahren.In Fig. 3 an alternative embodiment of the grinding wheel 1 is shown, the grinding wheel 4 only two stages, namely the first, serving for pre-processing stage 5 and the third, for finishing the workpieces 2 serving stage 7 has. Furthermore, it can be seen that the two stages 5 and 7 are formed by individual disks or grinding bodies 4 which are combined to form the grinding wheel 1. The workpiece 2 to be machined with this grinding wheel 1 is a ball screw nut in whose bore 12 the thread 8 of the ball screw 3, not shown in this case, is introduced. Before machining the workpiece 2 by means of the grinding wheel 1, preferably a mechanical, in particular machining pre-machining of the thread 8, for example by means of a turning, since due to the smaller diameter of the grinding wheel 1 only a lower cutting performance than when grinding of external ball threads can be achieved. Instead of a Leerhubs when returning the grinding wheel 1, the same can be performed a second time with a lower delivery over the workpiece 2 in order to achieve an improved surface quality and a higher dimensional accuracy. This also applies to the reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 described method.

In Fig. 3 ist des weiteren zu erkennen, dass die Schleifscheibe 1 zur Bearbeitung des Werkstücks 2 um den Steigungswinkel α des Kugelgewindes 3 gegen die Mittelachse 13 des Werkstücks 2 angestellt wird. Dies kann auch bei der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Bearbeitung der Kugelgewindestange vorgesehen sein, und es ist auf diese Weise möglich, Schleifscheiben 1 einzusetzen, bei denen die Gewindesteigung nicht korrigiert ist. Vielmehr können um diesen Winkel angestellte Schleifscheiben 1 exakt das herzustellende Profil aufweisen und in das Werkstück 2 abbilden. Ein Teil der fertigen Kugelgewindemutter ist in Fig. 4 dargestellt.In Fig. 3 is further seen that the grinding wheel 1 is employed for machining the workpiece 2 by the pitch angle α of the ball screw 3 against the central axis 13 of the workpiece 2. This can also be done in the Fig. 1 shown processing of the ball screw rod can be provided, and it is possible in this way to use grinding wheels 1, in which the thread pitch is not corrected. Rather, employed by this angle grinding wheels 1 have exactly the profile to be produced and image in the workpiece 2. Part of the finished ball screw nut is in Fig. 4 shown.

Claims (8)

  1. Grinding disc for producing external or internal ball screws on workpieces, in particular on ball screw rods or ball screw nuts for motor vehicle steering systems, having a grinding body (4), the external contour of which is matched to the ball screw (3) to be produced,
    characterized in that
    the grinding body (4) has at least two steps (5, 7) matched to the ball screw (3) to be produced, wherein a first step (5) has a smaller diameter and serves for premachining the workpieces (2), wherein a further step (7) has a larger diameter and serves for finish-machining the workpieces (2), wherein the steps (5, 7) have different grain sizes, wherein the step (7) that serves for finish-machining the workpieces (2) has a finer grain size than the step (5) that serves for premachining the workpieces (2), and wherein the grinding body (4) has a main body (9) which is coated with cubic boron nitride as abrasive agent (10) by electroplating or ceramic bonding.
  2. Grinding disc according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the grinding body (4) has three steps (5, 6, 7), wherein a second step (6) has a larger diameter than the first step (5) and a smaller diameter than the further, third step (7).
  3. Grinding disc according to Claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    the main body (9) consists of metal.
  4. Method for producing external or internal ball screws on workpieces, in particular on ball screw rods or ball screw nuts for motor vehicle steering systems,
    characterized in that
    a thread (8) is introduced into the workpiece (2) in one or two grinding passes by way of a grinding disc (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3.
  5. Method according to Claim 4,
    characterized in that
    the thread (8) is not mechanically premachined prior to grinding.
  6. Method according to Claim 4,
    characterized in that
    the thread (8) is mechanically premachined prior to grinding.
  7. Method according to Claim 4, 5 or 6,
    characterized in that
    the workpiece (2) is hardened prior to grinding.
  8. Method according to one of Claims 4 to 7,
    characterized in that
    the grinding disc (1) for machining is positioned against the central axis (13) of the workpiece (2) at the gradient angle of the screw (3).
EP05762982A 2004-07-16 2005-07-13 Grinding wheel for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces Not-in-force EP1784282B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL05762982T PL1784282T3 (en) 2004-07-16 2005-07-13 Grinding wheel for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004034542A DE102004034542A1 (en) 2004-07-16 2004-07-16 Grinding wheel for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces
PCT/EP2005/053344 WO2006008258A1 (en) 2004-07-16 2005-07-13 Grinding wheel for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1784282A1 EP1784282A1 (en) 2007-05-16
EP1784282B1 true EP1784282B1 (en) 2012-10-17

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EP (1) EP1784282B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102004034542A1 (en)
PL (1) PL1784282T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2006008258A1 (en)

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CN111531416A (en) * 2020-05-12 2020-08-14 成都新成量工具有限公司 Machining method of taper pipe tap

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TWI613285B (en) 2010-09-03 2018-02-01 聖高拜磨料有限公司 Bonded abrasive article and method of forming
DE102011055661B4 (en) 2011-11-24 2022-10-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh DEVICE FOR EXTERNAL GRINDING OF BALL THREADS
DE102012105295A1 (en) 2012-06-19 2013-12-19 Hans-Hermann Bosch GmbH Method for manufacturing rack gears used to convert rotational torque into translatory directed moment to effect car steering angle, involves shaping threaded section from blank shape into final shape by electrochemical ablation process
WO2014106156A1 (en) 2012-12-31 2014-07-03 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Bonded abrasive article and method of grinding
EP2938460B1 (en) 2012-12-31 2018-08-15 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Method of grinding
WO2014106159A1 (en) 2012-12-31 2014-07-03 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Bonded abrasive article and method of grinding
DE112014001102T5 (en) 2013-03-31 2015-11-19 Saint-Gobain Abrasifs Bound abrasive article and grinding process
TWI581901B (en) * 2014-10-22 2017-05-11 全球傳動科技股份有限公司 Grinding method for screw
ITUA20163255A1 (en) * 2016-05-09 2017-11-09 Umbragroup S P A WHEEL FOR GRINDING PROFILES TO PROPELLER
EP3468737A4 (en) * 2016-06-13 2020-01-08 Grind Master Machines Pvt. Ltd. An apparatus for performing finishing operation on a ball screw

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DE712031C (en) * 1937-08-08 1941-10-10 Herbert Lindner Fa Method for grinding threads, in particular internal threads
CH538332A (en) 1970-09-21 1973-06-30 Instr Zd Bolschevik Method and device for thread grinding
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CN111531416A (en) * 2020-05-12 2020-08-14 成都新成量工具有限公司 Machining method of taper pipe tap

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2006008258A1 (en) 2006-01-26
DE102004034542A1 (en) 2006-02-16
PL1784282T3 (en) 2013-03-29
EP1784282A1 (en) 2007-05-16

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