EP1784282A1 - Grinding wheel for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces - Google Patents

Grinding wheel for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces

Info

Publication number
EP1784282A1
EP1784282A1 EP05762982A EP05762982A EP1784282A1 EP 1784282 A1 EP1784282 A1 EP 1784282A1 EP 05762982 A EP05762982 A EP 05762982A EP 05762982 A EP05762982 A EP 05762982A EP 1784282 A1 EP1784282 A1 EP 1784282A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stage
grinding
grinding wheel
workpieces
thread
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05762982A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1784282B1 (en
Inventor
Paul LEINMÜLLER
Werner Kolb
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch Automotive Steering GmbH
Original Assignee
ZF Lenksysteme GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZF Lenksysteme GmbH filed Critical ZF Lenksysteme GmbH
Priority to PL05762982T priority Critical patent/PL1784282T3/en
Publication of EP1784282A1 publication Critical patent/EP1784282A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1784282B1 publication Critical patent/EP1784282B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
    • B24B19/02—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding grooves, e.g. on shafts, in casings, in tubes, homokinetic joint elements
    • B24B19/022—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding grooves, e.g. on shafts, in casings, in tubes, homokinetic joint elements for helicoidal grooves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a grinding wheel for the generation of external or internal ball threads on workpieces, in particular ball screw rods or ball screw nuts for motor vehicle steering systems, having an abrasive body whose outside contour is adapted to the ball thread to be produced. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces, in particular on ball screw rods or ball screw nuts for motor vehicle steering systems.
  • CH 538 332 describes a method and a device for producing taps with metrical threads.
  • the grinding wheel has two grinding regions, namely a smooth, cylindric region for grinding the outer diameter of the thread and a profiled region for grinding the profile of the thread on the workpiece.
  • the profiled area is moreover divided into two different sections with different diameters.
  • the method described there can never be transferred to the production of ball screws, since ball screw grinding requires considerably greater penetration depths and thus correspondingly increased chip removal rates.
  • the grinding wheel of the grinding wheel according to the invention has at least two stages with different diameters, of which one stage takes over the finishing and the other stage the finishing of the ball thread to be generated.
  • This design of the grinding wheel makes it possible to produce both an external and an internal thread in one pass and with a single grinding wheel, it also being possible to grind into the full, hard material without any problems.
  • both external and internal ball screw can be produced in a much shorter processing time, which allows shorter cycle times and thus ultimately a cost-effective end product with better market opportunities.
  • the grinding body has three stages, with a second stage having a larger diameter than the first stage and has a smaller diameter than the further, third stage.
  • a further significant improvement in the quality of the surface of the thread produced can be achieved if the steps have different grits, the step serving to finish the workpieces having a finer grain size than the step used for pre-machining the workpieces.
  • the abrasive body has a main body which is electroplated with cubic boron nitride as an abrasive.
  • a grinding wheel formed in this way advantageously does not have to be reworked or dressed during manufacture, but can be used over a long period of time, which additionally increases its productivity.
  • the base body consists of metal.
  • a method according to the invention for producing outer or inner ball threads on workpieces can be found in the features of claim 6.
  • Such a method allows a considerably simpler working sequence when producing workpieces with external or internal ball threads, since neither the workpieces nor the grinding wheel have to be re-clamped and the machining requires only minimal machine and system investment.
  • it may be expedient, instead of an idle stroke during the return movement, to guide it over the workpiece a second time with a considerably lower infeed in order in this way to improve the surface quality and, if necessary, to increase the height. here to achieve dimensional accuracy.
  • An additional straightening of the workpieces can be saved if the workpiece is hardened before the grinding operation.
  • the grinding wheel is set for machining by the pitch angle of the thread against the central axis of the workpiece.
  • FIG. 2 shows a ball screw rod produced by means of a grinding wheel according to FIG. 1 according to the method of the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a grinding wheel according to the invention for producing internal ball threads
  • FIG. 4 shows a ball screw nut produced with a grinding wheel according to FIG. 3 by the method according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a grinding wheel 1, which serves to Bear ⁇ processing a workpiece 2.
  • the workpiece 2 is a ball screw rod which is intended for use in motor vehicle steering systems.
  • a ball screw 3 in the present case an external ball screw, is produced on the workpiece 2, for which purpose the grinding wheel 1 can be attached to a grinding machine (not shown).
  • the grinding wheel 1 according to FIG. 1 has a grinding body 4, which in the illustrated embodiment has three steps 5 which are adapted to the profile of the ball thread 3 to be produced and which project each other as projections from the grinding body 4 , 6 and 7.
  • the first stage 5 has the smallest diameter and is used for pre-machining of the workpieces 2.
  • the first Stage 5 in the direction of feed "A" following second stage 6 has a larger diameter than the first stage 5 and the third stage 7 has the largest diameter of the three stages 5, 6 and 7 and is used for finishing the workpieces. 2
  • the first step 5 can have a cutting depth of 2 mm
  • the second step 6 a cutting depth of 0.8 mm
  • the third step 7 a cutting depth of 0.2 mm.
  • the diameter of the third stage 7 is 0.4 mm greater than that of the second stage 6 and larger by 2 mm than that of the first stage 5.
  • the finishing step of the workpieces 2 serving third stage 7 has a finer grain size than the second stage 6 and the second stage 6 again has a finer grain size auf ⁇ has as for pre-processing
  • the first stage 5 can have a grain size of 60
  • the second stage 6 a grain size of 150
  • the third stage 7 a grain size of. 250 have.
  • the above-mentioned values with regard to the diameter and the granulation of the individual stages 5, 6 and 7 are to be regarded as exemplary only and can in some cases be raised, in particular with different diameters of the workpieces 2 and / or with different thread depths. vary.
  • the grinding body 4 of the grinding wheel 1 has a base body 9 consisting of a metal, preferably of steel, which is coated with a grinding agent 10 indicated by a dotted line.
  • the abrasive used here is cubic boron nitride, which is connected to the base body 9 by a galvanic bond.
  • a ceramic bond may be used, in which case, in contrast to a galvanic bond, a dressing of the grinding wheel 1 during grinding is required.
  • the thread 8 is not mechanically preprocessed prior to grinding, i. the processing by means of the grinding wheel 1 er ⁇ follows into the full material, wherein the three stages 5, 6 and 7 engage in succession and the subsequent stages 6 and 7 only have to machine that part of the thread 8 to be produced, the of the previous stage 5 or 6 not wur ⁇ de. Furthermore, the workpiece 2 is hardened before the grinding process in order to be able to dispense with later straightening of the same.
  • FIG. 2 shows the workpiece 2 produced with the grinding wheel 1 using the method described above, that is to say the ball screw rod.
  • a plurality of balls 11 are shown, which, when using the ball-and-socket threaded rod, are provided with a coupling shown in FIG. gel threaded nut used as a workpiece 2.
  • the ball screw 3 has in the present case a very small pitch, for example, a pitch of 7 mm, so that the thread inlet and outlet on the workpiece 2 are correspondingly short.
  • FIG. 3 an alternative embodiment of the grinding wheel 1 is shown, the grinding wheel 4 only two stages, namely the first, serving for Vorbear ⁇ processing stage 5 and the third, for Fertigbe ⁇ processing of the workpieces 2 serving stage 7 has. Furthermore, it can be seen that the two stages 5 and 7 are formed by individual discs or grinding bodies 4 joined together to form the grinding wheel 1.
  • the work piece 2 to be machined with this grinding wheel 1 is a ball screw nut, in the bore 12 of which the thread 8 of the ball screw 3, not shown in this case, is inserted.
  • the grinding wheel 1 Before the workpiece 2 is machined by means of the grinding wheel 1, preferably a mechanical, in particular machining pre-machining of the thread 8, for example by means of a Drehbear ⁇ processing, because due to the smaller diameter of the grinding wheel 1 only a lower Zerspanungs ⁇ performance than when grinding from the outside Ball threads can be achieved.
  • a mechanical, in particular machining pre-machining of the thread 8 for example by means of a Drehbear ⁇ processing
  • the same can be guided a second time with a lower infeed over the workpiece 2, in order to achieve improved surface quality and a higher dimensional accuracy.
  • the grinding wheel 1 is employed for machining the workpiece 2 by the pitch angle ⁇ of the ball screw 3 against the central axis 13 of the workpiece 2.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a grinding wheel (1) for producing external or internal ball threads (3) on workpieces (2), particularly ball screw shafts or ball screw nuts for motor vehicle steering systems. Said grinding wheel (1) comprises a grinding element (4) whose outer contour is adapted to the ball thread (3) that is to be produced. The grinding element (4) is provided with at least two stages (5, 7) which are adapted to the ball thread (3) that is to be produced. A first stage (5) has a smaller diameter and is used for pre-machining the workpieces (2) while another stage (7) has a greater diameter and is used for finishing the workpieces (2).

Description

Schleifscheibe zur Erzeugung von Außen- oder Innen- Kugelgewinden an Werkstücken Grinding wheel for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schleifscheibe zur Erzeu¬ gung von Außen- oder Innen-Kugelgewinden an Werkstü¬ cken, insbesondere an Kugelgewindestangen oder Kugel¬ gewindemuttern für Kraftfahrzeuglenkungen, mit einem Schleifkörper, dessen Außenkontur an das zu erzeugende Kugelgewinde angepasst ist. Des weiteren betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Außen- oder Innen-Kugelgewinden an Werkstücken, insbesondere an Kugelgewindestangen oder Kugelgewindemuttern für Kraftfahrzeuglenkungen.The invention relates to a grinding wheel for the generation of external or internal ball threads on workpieces, in particular ball screw rods or ball screw nuts for motor vehicle steering systems, having an abrasive body whose outside contour is adapted to the ball thread to be produced. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces, in particular on ball screw rods or ball screw nuts for motor vehicle steering systems.
Aus dem allgemeinen Stand der Technik ist es bekannt, Kugelgewindestangen und mit denselben zusammenarbei¬ tende Kugelgewindemuttern mittels einer dem herzustel¬ lenden Gewindegang angepassten Schleifscheibe, welche in mehreren Durchgängen über das zu bearbeitende Werk¬ stück geführt wird, herzustellen. Meist werden für die aufeinanderfolgenden Durchgänge unterschiedlich profi¬ lierte Schleifscheiben eingesetzt, um eine unter- schiedliche Zustellung in Richtung des Werkstücks zu erreichen.From the general state of the art it is known to produce ball screw rods and ball thread nuts cooperating therewith by means of a grinding wheel which is adapted to the thread to be produced and which is guided over the workpiece to be machined in several passes. In most cases, differently profiled grinding wheels are used for the successive passes in order to produce a different delivery in the direction of the workpiece to achieve.
Nachteilig ist dabei jedoch, dass diese Bearbeitung aufgrund der vielen Arbeits-, Umspann- und Einricht¬ vorgänge sehr lange dauert, und dass aufwändige Ma¬ schinen, insbesondere Schleifmaschinen, mit zumeist zwei oder mehr Spindeln eingesetzt werden müssen, wo¬ durch sich insgesamt sehr hohe Kosten bei der Erzeu¬ gung der Kugelgewinde ergeben.The disadvantage here, however, that this process takes a long time due to the many work, Umspann- and Einricht¬, and that consuming Ma¬ machines, especially grinding machines, must be used with mostly two or more spindles, wo¬ by a total of very result in high costs in the generation of the ball screw.
Die CH 538 332 beschreibt ein Verfahren und eine Vor¬ richtung zum Herstellen von Gewindebohrern mit metri¬ schen Gewinden. Hierbei weist die Schleifscheibe zwei Schleifbereiche auf, nämlich einen glatten, zylindri¬ schen Bereich zum Schleifen des Außendurchmessers des Gewindes und einen profilierten Bereich zum Schleifen des Profils des Gewindes an dem Werkstück. Der profi¬ lierte Bereich ist darüber hinaus in zwei verschiedene Abschnitte mit unterschiedlichen Durchmessern unter¬ teilt. Das dort beschriebene Verfahren lässt sich je¬ doch keinesfalls auf das Erzeugen von Kugelgewinden übertragen, da beim Kugelgewindeschleifen erheblich größere Eindringtiefen und somit entsprechend erhöhte Zerspanungsleistungen erforderlich sind. Darüber hin¬ aus ist es auch gemäß diesem Stand der Technik erfor¬ derlich, das Werkstück zuvor spanend, beispielsweise durch Drehen, vorzubearbeiten.CH 538 332 describes a method and a device for producing taps with metrical threads. In this case, the grinding wheel has two grinding regions, namely a smooth, cylindric region for grinding the outer diameter of the thread and a profiled region for grinding the profile of the thread on the workpiece. The profiled area is moreover divided into two different sections with different diameters. However, the method described there can never be transferred to the production of ball screws, since ball screw grinding requires considerably greater penetration depths and thus correspondingly increased chip removal rates. In addition, according to this prior art, it is also necessary to pre-work the workpiece beforehand, for example by turning.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Schleifscheibe sowie ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Außen- oder Innenkugelgewinden an Werkstücken zu schaffen, mit denen Kugelgewinde einerseits schneller und kostengünstiger und andererseits mit gleichblei¬ bend hoher Qualität und Prozesssicherheit hergestellt werden können.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a grinding wheel and a method for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces with which ball screw one hand faster and cost-effective and on the other hand with gleichblei¬ high quality and process reliability can be produced.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die in An¬ spruch 1 genannten Merkmale gelöst.According to the invention this object is achieved by the features mentioned in An¬ claim 1.
Der Schleifkörper der erfindungsgemäßen Schleifscheibe weist wenigstens zwei Stufen mit unterschiedlichen Durchmessern auf, von denen eine Stufe die Vor- und die andere Stufe die Fertigbearbeitung des zu erzeu¬ genden Kugelgewindes übernimmt. Durch diesen Aufbau der Schleifscheibe ist es möglich, in einem Durchgang und mit einer einzigen Schleifscheibe sowohl ein Au¬ ßen- als auch ein Innengewinde zu erzeugen, wobei es auch problemlos möglich ist, ins volle, harte Material zu schleifen. Dadurch lassen sich sowohl Außen- als auch Innen-Kugelgewinde in einer wesentlich kürzeren Bearbeitungszeit herstellen, was kürzere Taktzeiten und damit letztendlich ein kostengünstiges Endprodukt mit besseren Marktchancen ermöglicht.The grinding wheel of the grinding wheel according to the invention has at least two stages with different diameters, of which one stage takes over the finishing and the other stage the finishing of the ball thread to be generated. This design of the grinding wheel makes it possible to produce both an external and an internal thread in one pass and with a single grinding wheel, it also being possible to grind into the full, hard material without any problems. As a result, both external and internal ball screw can be produced in a much shorter processing time, which allows shorter cycle times and thus ultimately a cost-effective end product with better market opportunities.
Insbesondere bei der Herstellung von Außen-Kugelge- winden ist es sowohl bezüglich der Zerspanungsleistung als auch bezüglich der zu erzielenden Oberflächenqua¬ lität des Gewindes sehr vorteilhaft, wenn der Schleif¬ körper drei Stufen aufweist, wobei eine zweite Stufe einen größeren Durchmesser als die erste Stufe und ei¬ nen geringeren Durchmesser als die weitere, dritte Stufe aufweist.Particularly in the production of external ball threads, it is very advantageous both with regard to the cutting power and with regard to the surface quality of the thread to be achieved if the grinding body has three stages, with a second stage having a larger diameter than the first stage and has a smaller diameter than the further, third stage.
Eine weitere erhebliche Verbesserung der Qualität der Oberfläche des erzeugten Gewindes kann erzielt werden, wenn die Stufen unterschiedliche Körnungen aufweisen, wobei die zur Fertigbearbeitung der Werkstücke dienen¬ de Stufe eine feinere Körnung aufweist als die zur Vorbearbeitung der Werkstücke dienende Stufe.A further significant improvement in the quality of the surface of the thread produced can be achieved if the steps have different grits, the step serving to finish the workpieces having a finer grain size than the step used for pre-machining the workpieces.
Des weiteren kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Schleif¬ körper einen Grundkörper aufweist, der mit kubischem Bornitrid als Schleifmittel galvanisch belegt ist. Ei¬ ne derart ausgebildete Schleifscheibe muss vorteil¬ hafterweise während der Fertigung nicht nachgearbeitet bzw. abgerichtet werden, sondern kann über einen lan¬ gen Zeitraum eingesetzt werden, was deren Produktivi¬ tät zusätzlich erhöht.Furthermore, it can be provided that the abrasive body has a main body which is electroplated with cubic boron nitride as an abrasive. A grinding wheel formed in this way advantageously does not have to be reworked or dressed during manufacture, but can be used over a long period of time, which additionally increases its productivity.
Bei derartigen Schleifkörpern hat es sich als beson¬ ders vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn der Grundkörper aus Metall besteht.In such abrasive bodies, it has turned out to be particularly advantageous if the base body consists of metal.
Ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Au¬ ßen- oder Innen-Kugelgewinden an Werkstücken ist den Merkmalen von Anspruch 6 zu entnehmen.A method according to the invention for producing outer or inner ball threads on workpieces can be found in the features of claim 6.
Ein derartiges Verfahren erlaubt eine erheblich ver¬ einfachte Arbeitsabfolge beim Herstellen von Werkstü¬ cken mit Außen- oder Innen-Kugelgewinden, da weder die Werkstücke noch die Schleifscheibe umgespannt werden müssen und die Bearbeitung nur geringe Maschinen- und Anlageninvestitionen erfordert. In diesem Zusammenhang kann es gegebenenfalls sinnvoll sein, statt eines Leerhubs beim Zurückfahren dieselbe ein zweites Mal mit einer erheblich geringeren Zustellung über das Werkstück zu führen, um auf diese Weise eine verbes¬ serte Oberflächenqualität und gegebenenfalls eine hö- here Maßhaltigkeit zu erzielen.Such a method allows a considerably simpler working sequence when producing workpieces with external or internal ball threads, since neither the workpieces nor the grinding wheel have to be re-clamped and the machining requires only minimal machine and system investment. In this context, it may be expedient, instead of an idle stroke during the return movement, to guide it over the workpiece a second time with a considerably lower infeed in order in this way to improve the surface quality and, if necessary, to increase the height. here to achieve dimensional accuracy.
Gerade bei Außen-Kugelgewinden ist es vorteilhaft und aufgrund des großen Durchmessers und der damit verbun¬ denen hohen Schnittgeschwindigkeit, die zu einer sehr hohen Zerspanungsleistung führt, problemlos zu reali¬ sieren, wenn der Gewindegang vor der Schleifbearbei¬ tung nicht mechanisch vorbearbeitet wird.Especially in the case of external ball threads, it is advantageous and easy to realize on account of the large diameter and the high cutting speed associated therewith, which leads to a very high cutting power, if the thread is not mechanically preprocessed before the grinding operation.
Demgegenüber kann es insbesondere bei Innen-Kugel- gewinden sinnvoll sein, dass der Gewindegang vor der Schleifbearbeitung mechanisch vorbearbeitet wird, um der geringeren Zerspanungsleistung der hierfür einge¬ setzten Schleifscheiben Rechnung zu tragen.On the other hand, it can be useful, especially in the case of internal ball threads, for the thread to be mechanically preprocessed prior to the grinding operation in order to take into account the lower cutting performance of the grinding wheels used for this purpose.
Ein zusätzliches Richten der Werkstücke kann einge¬ spart werden, wenn das Werkstück vor der Schleifbear¬ beitung gehärtet wird.An additional straightening of the workpieces can be saved if the workpiece is hardened before the grinding operation.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Er¬ findung kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Schleifscheibe zur Bearbeitung um den Steigungswinkel des Gewindes gegen die Mittelachse des Werkstücks angestellt wird. Durch ein derartiges Anstellen der Schleifscheibe um den Steigungswinkel ist es möglich, nicht korrigierte Schleifscheiben einzusetzen, da auf diese Weise der Steigungswinkel des Kugelgewindes unmittelbar in das Werkstück eingebracht wird.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the grinding wheel is set for machining by the pitch angle of the thread against the central axis of the workpiece. By so setting the grinding wheel by the pitch angle, it is possible to use non-corrected grinding wheels, since in this way the pitch angle of the ball screw is introduced directly into the workpiece.
Nachfolgend sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung prinzipmäßig dargestellt.Embodiments of the invention are shown in principle with reference to the drawings.
Es zeigt: Fig. 1 eine erfindungsgemäße Schleifscheibe zur Her¬ stellung von Außen-Kugelgewinden;It shows: 1 shows a grinding wheel according to the invention for the production of external ball screws.
Fig. 2 eine mit einer Schleifscheibe gemäß Fig. 1 nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren herge¬ stellte Kugelgewindestange; undFIG. 2 shows a ball screw rod produced by means of a grinding wheel according to FIG. 1 according to the method of the invention; FIG. and
Fig. 3 eine erfindungsgemäße Schleifscheibe zur Her¬ stellung von Innen-Kugelgewinden;FIG. 3 shows a grinding wheel according to the invention for producing internal ball threads; FIG.
Fig. 4 eine mit einer Schleifscheibe gemäß Fig. 3 nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren herge¬ stellte Kugelgewindemutter.4 shows a ball screw nut produced with a grinding wheel according to FIG. 3 by the method according to the invention.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine Schleifscheibe 1, welche zur Bear¬ beitung eines Werkstücks 2 dient. Bei dem Werkstück 2 handelt es sich im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel um eine Kugelgewindestange, die zur Anwendung in Kraftfahrzeuglenkungen vorgesehen ist. Mittels der Schleifscheibe 1 wird an dem Werkstück 2 ein Kugelge¬ winde 3, im vorliegenden Fall ein Außen-Kugelgewinde, erzeugt, wozu die Schleifscheibe 1 an einer nicht dar¬ gestellten Schleifmaschine angebracht sein kann.Fig. 1 shows a grinding wheel 1, which serves to Bear¬ processing a workpiece 2. In the illustrated embodiment, the workpiece 2 is a ball screw rod which is intended for use in motor vehicle steering systems. By means of the grinding wheel 1, a ball screw 3, in the present case an external ball screw, is produced on the workpiece 2, for which purpose the grinding wheel 1 can be attached to a grinding machine (not shown).
Die Schleifscheibe 1 gemäß Fig. 1 weist einen Schleif¬ körper 4 auf, welcher in der dargestellten Ausfüh¬ rungsform drei an das zu erzeugende Profil des Kugel¬ gewindes 3 angepasste, jeweils als Vorsprünge von dem Schleifkörper 4 hervorstehende, nebeneinander angeord¬ nete Stufen 5, 6 und 7 aufweist. Hiervon weist die erste Stufe 5 den geringsten Durchmesser auf und dient zur Vorbearbeitung der Werkstücke 2. Die der ersten Stufe 5 in Richtung des Vorschubs "A" folgende zweite Stufe 6 weist einen größeren Durchmesser auf als die erste Stufe 5 und die dritte Stufe 7 weist den größten Durchmesser der drei Stufen 5, 6 und 7 auf und dient zur Fertigbearbeitung der Werkstücke 2.The grinding wheel 1 according to FIG. 1 has a grinding body 4, which in the illustrated embodiment has three steps 5 which are adapted to the profile of the ball thread 3 to be produced and which project each other as projections from the grinding body 4 , 6 and 7. Of these, the first stage 5 has the smallest diameter and is used for pre-machining of the workpieces 2. The first Stage 5 in the direction of feed "A" following second stage 6 has a larger diameter than the first stage 5 and the third stage 7 has the largest diameter of the three stages 5, 6 and 7 and is used for finishing the workpieces. 2
Wenn die mit einer ausgewählten Schnittgeschwindigkeit rotierende Schleifscheibe 1 in Vorschubrichtung A über das Werkstück 2 geführt wird, wird in dasselbe ein Ge¬ windegang 8 eingebracht, der das Kugelgewinde 3 bil¬ det. Bei einer Tiefe des Gewindegangs 8 von beispiels¬ weise 3 mm kann hierbei die erste Stufe 5 eine Schnitttiefe von 2 mm, die zweite Stufe 6 eine Schnitttiefe von 0,8 mm und die dritte Stufe 7 eine Schnitttiefe von 0,2 mm aufweisen. Mit anderen Worten, der Durchmesser der dritten Stufe 7 ist dabei um 0,4 mm größer als der der zweiten Stufe 6 und um 2 mm grö¬ ßer als der der ersten Stufe 5. Dabei ist es zu bevor¬ zugen, wenn die drei Stufen 5, 6 und 7 unterschiedli¬ che Körnungen aufweisen, wobei die zur Fertigbearbei¬ tung der Werkstücke 2 dienende, dritte Stufe 7 eine feinere Körnung aufweist als die zweite Stufe 6 und die zweite Stufe 6 wiederum eine feinere Körnung auf¬ weist als die zur Vorbearbeitung der Werkstücke 2 die¬ nende erste Stufe 1. Beispielsweise kann die erste Stufe 5 eine Körnung von 60, die zweite Stufe 6 eine Körnung von 150 und die dritte Stufe 7 eine Körnung von. 250 aufweisen. Selbstverständlich sind die oben genannten Werte bezüglich des Durchmessers und der Körnung der einzelnen Stufen 5, 6 und 7 lediglich als beispielhaft anzusehen und können insbesondere bei un¬ terschiedlichen Durchmessern der Werkstücke 2 und/oder bei unterschiedlichen Gewindetiefen teilweise erheb- lich variieren.When the grinding wheel 1, which rotates at a selected cutting speed, is guided in the feed direction A over the workpiece 2, a thread turn 8 is introduced into the same, which forms the ball screw 3. At a depth of the thread 8 of, for example, 3 mm, in this case the first step 5 can have a cutting depth of 2 mm, the second step 6 a cutting depth of 0.8 mm and the third step 7 a cutting depth of 0.2 mm. In other words, the diameter of the third stage 7 is 0.4 mm greater than that of the second stage 6 and larger by 2 mm than that of the first stage 5. In this case, it is preferable if the three stages 5, 6 and 7 have different grain sizes, the finishing step of the workpieces 2 serving third stage 7 has a finer grain size than the second stage 6 and the second stage 6 again has a finer grain size auf¬ has as for pre-processing For example, the first stage 5 can have a grain size of 60, the second stage 6 a grain size of 150 and the third stage 7 a grain size of. 250 have. Of course, the above-mentioned values with regard to the diameter and the granulation of the individual stages 5, 6 and 7 are to be regarded as exemplary only and can in some cases be raised, in particular with different diameters of the workpieces 2 and / or with different thread depths. vary.
Der Schleifkörper 4 der Schleifscheibe 1 weist im vor¬ liegenden Fall einen aus einem Metall, vorzugsweise aus Stahl, bestehenden Grundkörper 9 auf, der mit ei¬ nem durch eine gepunktete Linie angedeuteten Schleif¬ mittel 10 belegt ist. Als Schleifmittel 10 kommt hier¬ bei kubisches Bornitrid zum Einsatz, welches durch ei¬ ne galvanische Bindung mit dem Grundkörper 9 verbunden ist. Gegebenenfalls kann auch eine keramische Bindung zum Einsatz kommen, wobei dann im Gegensatz zu einer galvanischen Bindung ein Abrichten der Schleifscheibe 1 während des Schleifens erforderlich ist.In the present case, the grinding body 4 of the grinding wheel 1 has a base body 9 consisting of a metal, preferably of steel, which is coated with a grinding agent 10 indicated by a dotted line. The abrasive used here is cubic boron nitride, which is connected to the base body 9 by a galvanic bond. Optionally, a ceramic bond may be used, in which case, in contrast to a galvanic bond, a dressing of the grinding wheel 1 during grinding is required.
Bei der Herstellung des Kugelgewindes 3 an Kugelgewin¬ destangen als Werkstücke 2 wird der Gewindegang 8 vor der Schleifbearbeitung nicht mechanisch vorbearbeitet, d.h. die Bearbeitung mittels der Schleifscheibe 1 er¬ folgt ins volle Material, wobei die drei Stufen 5, 6 und 7 nacheinander in Eingriff kommen und die nachfol¬ genden Stufen 6 bzw. 7 nur noch denjenigen Teil des zu fertigenden Gewindegangs 8 zerspanen müssen, der von der vorhergehenden Stufe 5 bzw. 6 nicht zerspant wur¬ de. Des weiteren wird das Werkstück 2 vor der Schleif- bearbeitung gehärtet, um auf ein späteres Richten des¬ selben verzichten zu können.In the manufacture of the ball screw 3 at Kugelgewin¬ rods as workpieces 2, the thread 8 is not mechanically preprocessed prior to grinding, i. the processing by means of the grinding wheel 1 er¬ follows into the full material, wherein the three stages 5, 6 and 7 engage in succession and the subsequent stages 6 and 7 only have to machine that part of the thread 8 to be produced, the of the previous stage 5 or 6 not wur¬ de. Furthermore, the workpiece 2 is hardened before the grinding process in order to be able to dispense with later straightening of the same.
In Fig. 2 ist das mit der Schleifscheibe 1 unter Ver¬ wendung des oben beschriebenen Verfahrens hergestellte Werkstück 2, also die Kugelgewindestange, dargestellt. Hierbei sind mittels gestrichelter Linien mehrere Ku¬ geln 11 eingezeichnet, die bei der Verwendung der Ku¬ gelgewindestange mit einer in Fig. 4 dargestellten Ku- gelgewindemutter als Werkstück 2 zum Einsatz kommen. Das Kugelgewinde 3 weist im vorliegenden Fall eine sehr geringe Steigung, beispielsweise eine Steigung von 7 mm auf, so dass der Gewindeein- und -auslauf auf dem Werkstück 2 entsprechend kurz sind.FIG. 2 shows the workpiece 2 produced with the grinding wheel 1 using the method described above, that is to say the ball screw rod. In this case, by means of dashed lines a plurality of balls 11 are shown, which, when using the ball-and-socket threaded rod, are provided with a coupling shown in FIG. gel threaded nut used as a workpiece 2. The ball screw 3 has in the present case a very small pitch, for example, a pitch of 7 mm, so that the thread inlet and outlet on the workpiece 2 are correspondingly short.
In Fig. 3 ist eine alternative Ausführungsform der Schleifscheibe 1 dargestellt, deren Schleifkörper 4 lediglich zwei Stufen, nämlich die erste, zur Vorbear¬ beitung dienende Stufe 5 und die dritte, zur Fertigbe¬ arbeitung der Werkstücke 2 dienende Stufe 7 aufweist. Des weiteren ist erkennbar, dass die beiden Stufen 5 und 7 durch einzelne, zu der Schleifscheibe 1 zusam¬ mengesetzte Scheiben bzw. Schleifkörper 4 gebildet sind. Bei dem mit dieser Schleifscheibe 1 zu bearbei¬ tenden Werkstück 2 handelt es sich um eine Kugelgewin¬ demutter, in deren Bohrung 12 der in diesem Fall nicht dargestellte Gewindegang 8 des Kugelgewindes 3 einge¬ bracht wird. Vor der Bearbeitung des Werkstücks 2 mit¬ tels der Schleifscheibe 1 erfolgt vorzugsweise eine mechanische, insbesondere spanende Vorbearbeitung des Gewindegangs 8, beispielsweise mittels einer Drehbear¬ beitung, da aufgrund des geringeren Durchmessers der Schleifscheibe 1 nur eine geringere Zerspanungs¬ leistung als beim Schleifen von Außen-Kugelgewinden erzielt werden kann. Statt eines Leerhubs beim Zurück¬ fahren der Schleifscheibe 1 kann dieselbe ein zweites Mal mit einer geringeren Zustellung über das Werkstück 2 geführt werden, um eine verbesserte Oberflächenqua¬ lität und eine höhere Maßhaltigkeit zu erzielen. Dies gilt auch für das unter Bezugnahme auf Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 beschriebene Verfahren. In Fig. 3 ist des weiteren zu erkennen, dass die Schleifscheibe 1 zur Bearbeitung des Werkstücks 2 um den Steigungswinkel α des Kugelgewindes 3 gegen die Mittelachse 13 des Werkstücks 2 angestellt wird. Dies kann auch bei der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Bearbeitung der Kugelgewindestange vorgesehen sein, und es ist auf diese Weise möglich, Schleifscheiben 1 einzusetzen, bei denen die Gewindesteigung nicht korrigiert ist. Vielmehr können um diesen Winkel angestellte Schleif¬ scheiben 1 exakt das herzustellende Profil aufweisen und in das Werkstück 2 abbilden. Ein Teil der fertigen Kugelgewindemutter ist in Fig. 4 dargestellt. In Fig. 3, an alternative embodiment of the grinding wheel 1 is shown, the grinding wheel 4 only two stages, namely the first, serving for Vorbear¬ processing stage 5 and the third, for Fertigbe¬ processing of the workpieces 2 serving stage 7 has. Furthermore, it can be seen that the two stages 5 and 7 are formed by individual discs or grinding bodies 4 joined together to form the grinding wheel 1. The work piece 2 to be machined with this grinding wheel 1 is a ball screw nut, in the bore 12 of which the thread 8 of the ball screw 3, not shown in this case, is inserted. Before the workpiece 2 is machined by means of the grinding wheel 1, preferably a mechanical, in particular machining pre-machining of the thread 8, for example by means of a Drehbear¬ processing, because due to the smaller diameter of the grinding wheel 1 only a lower Zerspanungs¬ performance than when grinding from the outside Ball threads can be achieved. Instead of an idle stroke when driving back the grinding wheel 1, the same can be guided a second time with a lower infeed over the workpiece 2, in order to achieve improved surface quality and a higher dimensional accuracy. This also applies to the method described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In Fig. 3 it can be further seen that the grinding wheel 1 is employed for machining the workpiece 2 by the pitch angle α of the ball screw 3 against the central axis 13 of the workpiece 2. This can also be provided in the machining of the ball screw rod shown in Fig. 1, and it is possible in this way to use grinding wheels 1, in which the thread pitch is not corrected. Rather, grinding wheels 1 which are set at this angle can have exactly the profile to be produced and can be imaged into the workpiece 2. A part of the finished ball screw nut is shown in Fig. 4.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Schleifscheibe zur Erzeugung von Außen- oder In- nen-Kugelgewinden an Werkstücken, insbesondere an Kugelgewindestangen oder Kugelgewindemuttern für Kraftfahrzeuglenkungen, mit einem Schleifkörper, dessen Außenkontur an das zu erzeugende Kugelge¬ winde angepasst ist, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass der Schleifkörper (4) wenigstens zwei an das zu erzeugende Kugelgewinde (3) angepasste Stufen (5,7) aufweist, wobei eine erste Stufe (5) einen geringeren Durchmesser aufweist und zur Vorbear¬ beitung der Werkstücke (2) dient, und wobei eine weitere Stufe (7) einen größeren Durchmesser auf¬ weist und zur Fertigbearbeitung der Werkstücke (2) dient.1. Grinding wheel for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces, in particular on ball screw rods or ball screw nuts for motor vehicle steering systems, with an abrasive body whose outer contour is adapted to the ball thread to be generated, characterized in that the grinding body (4) at least two stages (5, 7) adapted to the ball screw (3) to be produced, wherein a first stage (5) has a smaller diameter and serves for pre-machining of the workpieces (2), and wherein a further stage (7) comprises a larger diameter auf¬ has and for finishing the workpieces (2) is used.
2. Schleifscheibe nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass der-. Schleifkörper (4) drei Stufen (5,6,7) auf¬ weist, wobei eine zweite Stufe (6) einen größeren Durchmesser als die erste Stufe (5) und einen ge¬ ringeren Durchmesser als die weitere, dritte Stufe (7) aufweist. 2. Grinding wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that der-. Has abrasive body (4) has three stages (5,6,7) auf¬, wherein a second stage (6) has a larger diameter than the first stage (5) and a ge¬ ringeren diameter than the further, third stage (7) ,
3. Schleifscheibe nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Stufen (5,6,7) unterschiedliche Körnungen auf¬ weisen, wobei die zur Fertigbearbeitung der Werkstücke (2) dienende Stufe (7) eine feinere Körnung aufweist als die zur Vorbearbeitung der Werkstücke (2) dienende Stufe (5) .3. Grinding wheel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the steps (5,6,7) have different grits auf¬, wherein the finishing of the workpieces (2) serving stage (7) has a finer grain size than that for pre-processing of Workpieces (2) serving stage (5).
4. Schleifscheibe nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass der Schleifkörper (4) einen Grundkörper (9) auf¬ weist, der mit kubischem Bornitrid als Schleifmit¬ tel (10) galvanisch belegt ist.4. Grinding wheel according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the grinding body (4) has a base body (9) which is electroplated with cubic boron nitride as abrasive (10).
5. Schleifscheibe nach Anspruch 4, d a du r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass der Grundkörper (9) aus Metall besteht.5. Abrasive wheel according to claim 4, characterized in that the basic body (9) consists of metal.
6. Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Außen- oder Innen- Kugelgewinden an Werkstücken, insbesondere an Ku¬ gelgewindestangen oder Kugelgewindemuttern für Kraftfahrzeuglenkungen, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass mit einer Schleifscheibe (1) nach einem der An¬ sprüche 1 bis 5 in ein oder zwei Schleifdurchgän¬ gen ein Gewindegang (8) in das Werkstück (2) ein¬ gebracht wird.6. A method for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces, in particular on Ku¬ gelgewindestangen or ball screw nuts for motor vehicle steering systems, characterized in that with a grinding wheel (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5 An¬ in one or two Schleifdurchgän¬ conditions a thread (8) is introduced into the workpiece (2).
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass der Gewindegang (8) vor der Schleifbearbeitung nicht mechanisch vorbearbeitet wird. 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the thread (8) is not mechanically preprocessed prior to grinding.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass der Gewindegang (8) vor der Schleifbearbeitung me¬ chanisch vorbearbeitet wird.8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the thread (8) is machined mechanically before the grinding process.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, 7 oder 8, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das Werkstück (2) vor der Schleifbearbeitung ge¬ härtet wird.9. A method according to claim 6, 7 or 8, wherein a workpiece (2) is hardened prior to grinding.
10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 9, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Schleifscheibe (1) zur Bearbeitung um den Steigungswinkel des Gewindes (3) gegen die Mit¬ telachse (13) des Werkstücks (2) angestellt wird. 10. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the grinding wheel (1) for machining by the pitch angle of the thread (3) against the Mit¬ telachse (13) of the workpiece (2) is employed.
-15--15-
BezugszeαchenBezugszeαchen
1 Schleifscheibe1 grinding wheel
2 Werkstück2 workpiece
3 Kugelgewinde3 ball screw
4 Schleifkörper4 grinding wheels
5 Erste Stufe5 first step
6 Zweite Stufe6 Second stage
7 Dritte Stufe7 Third stage
8 Gewindegang8 thread
9 Grundkörper9 basic body
10 Schleifmittel10 abrasives
11 Kugeln11 balls
12 Bohrung12 hole
13 Mittelachse 13 central axis
EP05762982A 2004-07-16 2005-07-13 Grinding wheel for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces Not-in-force EP1784282B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL05762982T PL1784282T3 (en) 2004-07-16 2005-07-13 Grinding wheel for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004034542A DE102004034542A1 (en) 2004-07-16 2004-07-16 Grinding wheel for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces
PCT/EP2005/053344 WO2006008258A1 (en) 2004-07-16 2005-07-13 Grinding wheel for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1784282A1 true EP1784282A1 (en) 2007-05-16
EP1784282B1 EP1784282B1 (en) 2012-10-17

Family

ID=34972829

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05762982A Not-in-force EP1784282B1 (en) 2004-07-16 2005-07-13 Grinding wheel for producing external or internal ball threads on workpieces

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1784282B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102004034542A1 (en)
PL (1) PL1784282T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2006008258A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL1784282T3 (en) 2013-03-29
WO2006008258A1 (en) 2006-01-26
EP1784282B1 (en) 2012-10-17
DE102004034542A1 (en) 2006-02-16

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