Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
  • E06B5/10—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
  • E06B5/18—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes against harmful radiation

Definitions

• the invention relates to a radar beam shielding or absorbing Vergla ⁇ sung with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
• Such glazing serve on the one hand radar reflections of buildings, the z. B. with heat insulating (insulating) glazing are equipped to prevent, on the other hand to minimize the passage of radar radiation into the respective building.
• Heat-insulating glazings mostly contain metal-containing transparent coatings which not only radiate heat but also radar rays to a high degree.
• the radiation-shielding structure is quite preferably arranged on the outer pane facing the incident radiation.
• Under glazing is here any transparent glass or plastic disc understood that z. B. can be used as a windowpane. In the present context, it is only important to provide the disks as dielectric (electrically nonconductive) substrates.
• a relevant glazing which is composed in the manner of a Isolier ⁇ or composite disc of several transparent rigid discs, wo ⁇ are embedded in two intermediate layers of thread-like conductors in the intermediate layers between the rigid discs.
• the aim of this arrangement is to form a Jaumann absorber with which reflected beams are extinguished as completely as possible as a result of phase shifts between the reflection planes. Even those rays which still pass through the planes of reflection, cancel each other out completely in the ideal case.
• the thread-like conductors are formed from thin wires which are embedded in the intermediate layers of the glazing. As the material of the wires is mostly used because of the required high mechanical strength tungsten at the lowest possible thickness.
• DE 42 27 032 C1 discloses a functionally identical glazing in which a radar beam at least partially reflecting electrically conductive continuous coating is arranged on a disc, wherein in the direction of incidence of the beams before this layer, another layer of parallel wires is spanned.
• DE 203 04 806 U1 describes relevant glazings in which the wires are replaced by printed and partially baked continuous, parallel conductor tracks of electrically conductive material.
• the basic suitability of printed conductive structures for shielding purposes has also been described in DE 72 14 966 U1.
• WO 94/24724 A1 describes a broadband absorber for electromagnetic waves, in particular radar waves, which should be thin, flexible and lightweight and should operate in a frequency band from 2 to 18 GHz with less than -15 dB reflection.
• antenna patterns can be applied to a substrate by screen printing a preferred paste having a defined electrical resistance. These patterns can also comprise discontinuous structures.
• the document makes no reference to glazing or to the application of the said structures to transparent substrates, nor does it provide information about a particularly low conductivity and width of the printed structures.
• lossy electrical elements are introduced into the conductor structures.
• the dielectric substrates are also doped with lossy electrical elements.
• DE 200 19 445 U1 describes a glass pane with printed electrical conductor structures or tracks, which are not wider than 0.3 mm, with the aim of making these tracks optically as inconspicuous as possible, but nevertheless ensuring a good electrical conductivity.
• This disc is used in particular as a heating or antenna disc; All tracks are connected on both sides via busbars and can be acted upon by electrical voltage to be heated with the current flowing through them.
• a high-grade thixotropic screen printing paste with a very high silver content (up to 88%) was used, and the printing screens were optimized to produce the narrowest possible printed conductors.
• the invention is based on the object of specifying an optically even further improved radar beams shielding or absorbing glazing with printed conductor structures.
• a resolution or division of the so far over the surface of the substrate passing Lei ⁇ terbahnen or wire sections in discontinuous sections also completely meets the requirements for the absorption or extinction of the radiation to be attenuated.
• the present invention acts essentially by superposition of waves or by the mutual cancellation of superimposed waves. Said structure sections may be small in comparison with the covered area of the substrate or with its (largest) edge length.
• screen printing can be used pri ⁇ mär. This can be carried out in a conventional manner by means of textile sieve stencils, or else with the process described in EP 974 458 B1 and related processes.
• such structures may also be treated with other techniques, e.g. B. by spraying or Ex ⁇ trudiieren as narrow strands of a metal-containing material using nozzles (in particu lar also with inkjet printers or similar devices) are applied auf ⁇ on the surface. It is also possible to use a technique which initially applies a uniform planar layer of a fine-grained, metal-containing material and then draws one or more traces in this layer with the aid of a focused laser beam, which is fused to the substrate, then the remaining one to remove coating not affected by the jet.
• nozzles in particu lar also with inkjet printers or similar devices
• a further contribution to the improvement of the overall product can be achieved by minimizing the width of the printed structures according to the teaching of the aforementioned utility model DE 200 19 445 U1. Since it is not necessary to apply or print an overall electrically conductive, longer web but only relatively short metal-containing, low-resistance sections, the web width can be minimized even further than previously thought, without having to accept the risk of line interruptions. For this minimization z.
• the available screen-printing pastes and sieves can be further optimized in experiments.
• the discrete conductor sections of the same length are arranged in the same axial and lateral distances on the surface of a substrate.
• the structures of the invention can without loss of shielding the structures of the invention also deliberately to use decorative additional effects by one hand designed their forms complacent, on the other hand arranges them in patterns and possibly different form elements, individually or in groups, on one and the same substrate surface next to each other used.
• the structural sections need not be the same width or narrow everywhere, but their widths can vary over their length.
• the structures according to the invention with defined dimensions can also make up only a subset of the structures present in total on a substrate surface, in that they contain, for example, B. be combined with the usual continuous lines.
• continuous lines with structures with defined dimensions can also be completely different in the sense of the above-mentioned decorative design, frame, etc.
• the structures with defined dimensions can according to a preferred embodiment lengths between 60 and 100 mm, an axial free distance between two adjacent Antennen ⁇ elements of 50 to 90 mm and a lateral distance between 10 and 18 mm administrat ⁇ introduced.
• Their orientation to the electric field strength vector of the electromagnetic radiation to be absorbed may preferably have an angle between 10 ° and 65 °.
• All structural elements can be arranged on the surface lying outside in the incident direction of the radiation or on an inner surface of the glazing.
• the metal, in particular silver content of the material forming the structures is greater than 75%, up to 88%. According to previous findings, this latter value is a limit value for reliable processing of screen printing pastes, which essentially contain a mixture of glass frit and silver particles, and for the later mechanical stability of the printed line structures.
• this ensures a very low ohmic resistance of these structures, which supports a high efficiency of the absorber.
• An ohmic resistance of at most 0.5 ⁇ , measured to a conductor length of 1 m with constant cross section, is preferably set.
• the resistance value can be determined both by the width of the conductor track and by its elevation over the substrate surface to be influenced.
• a continuous electrically conductive coating is provided on the second reflection plane of the glazing, its surface resistance should be in the range from 10 ⁇ sq to 30 ⁇ sq . However, layers with even lower surface resistances up to 2 ⁇ sq can also be produced and used according to the invention.
• glazings according to the invention are preferably used as building, ship, aircraft or vehicle glazings or window panes. Due to the low optical conspicuousness of the discontinuous and, moreover, in the transparent direction particularly fine or narrow conductor structures and the relatively low weight of such discs, a variety of fields of application arise.
• FIG. 1 shows a substrate with three different embodiments of discontinuous elec ⁇ trically conductive structures whose dimensions are small compared with the covered area.
• FIG. 2 shows a view of a glazing with a first arrangement of two reflection planes
• FIG. 3 shows a view of a glazing with a second arrangement of two reflection planes
• 4 shows a view of a glazing with a third arrangement of two reflection planes.
• two substrates 1, 2 in the form of a glass pane are schematically divided into three fields 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3 or 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3 in order to show different configurations of discontinuous, electrically conductive structures with defined dimensions.
• the field 1.1 contains obliquely set simple straight lines 3, the field 1.2 is covered with rectangles 4, the field 1.3 with triangles 5 in an alternating arrangement, once on one Page, once standing on a point.
• the field 2.1 of the substrate 2 contains crosses 6, the field 2.2 S-arches 7, and the field 2.3 is covered with quarter-curves 8 in different Anstell-alignments.
• Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of a double-walled glazing 10, the z. B. as an insulating unit of two rigid discs 1 and 11 (and not shown here spacer frame) can be executed gratis ⁇ .
• a surface of a first substrate 1 covered with discontinuous structures 3 of the type discussed above is located (as the first reflection plane) on the outer surface of the first pane 1 of the glazing 10, and in the direction of incidence the radiation indicated by a bevy of arrows in front of the second pane 11.
• the latter is provided (as the second reflection plane) with a full-area electrically conductive coating 12 on its surface oriented towards the pane 1.
• the coating 12 is thus in the between the two panes
• Fig. 3 is a variant of Fig. 2, with the difference that here the structures with defined dimensions on the (with respect to the incident radiation) facing away, d. H. to the disc
• this glazing can be identical in construction to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2.
• the dis ⁇ continuous structures in the protected space between two disks 1 and 1 1 are arranged an ⁇ .
• the two reflection planes can thus be closer to one another, if required by the case of application.
• said distance can also be set appropriately by adjusting the distance between the two rigid disks 1 and 11 (for example, by the thickness of the mentioned spacer frame).
• FIG. 4 shows a further variant in which two rigid disks 1 and 2 provided with discontinuous structures 7 and 8 according to the invention are combined to form a glazing 10 '.
• the choice of structures here is purely arbitrary; it must be examined on a case-by-case basis whether functional combinations satisfying the technical requirements are present.
• both reflection planes can of course be applied to two surfaces of one and the same substrate, e.g. B. a composite disc arranged become.
• the necessary distances between the reflection planes can be adjusted functionally by the thicknesses of the substrates, possibly also by using more than two rigid disks in the composite.

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
• Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
• Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
• Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
• Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (1)

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Family Cites Families (3)

• 2004
  • 2004-08-07 DE DE102004038448A patent/DE102004038448B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2005
  • 2005-08-05 WO PCT/EP2005/008529 patent/WO2006015817A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2005-08-05 ES ES05771843T patent/ES2378238T3/es active Active
  • 2005-08-05 PL PL05771843T patent/PL1778944T3/pl unknown
  • 2005-08-05 EP EP05771843A patent/EP1778944B1/fr active Active
  • 2005-08-05 AT AT05771843T patent/ATE540189T1/de active

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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