EP1775495A2 - Vibration damper with adjustable damping force - Google Patents

Vibration damper with adjustable damping force Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1775495A2
EP1775495A2 EP06018426A EP06018426A EP1775495A2 EP 1775495 A2 EP1775495 A2 EP 1775495A2 EP 06018426 A EP06018426 A EP 06018426A EP 06018426 A EP06018426 A EP 06018426A EP 1775495 A2 EP1775495 A2 EP 1775495A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
damping
piston rod
damping valve
adjustable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06018426A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1775495A3 (en
Inventor
Andreas Förster
Alfred Wirth
Heinz-Joachim Gilsdorf
Thomas Kutsche
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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Publication date
Application filed by ZF Friedrichshafen AG filed Critical ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Publication of EP1775495A2 publication Critical patent/EP1775495A2/en
Publication of EP1775495A3 publication Critical patent/EP1775495A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/50—Special means providing automatic damping adjustment, i.e. self-adjustment of damping by particular sliding movements of a valve element, other than flexions or displacement of valve discs; Special means providing self-adjustment of spring characteristics
    • F16F9/512—Means responsive to load action, i.e. static load on the damper or dynamic fluid pressure changes in the damper, e.g. due to changes in velocity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/50—Special means providing automatic damping adjustment, i.e. self-adjustment of damping by particular sliding movements of a valve element, other than flexions or displacement of valve discs; Special means providing self-adjustment of spring characteristics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/34—Special valve constructions; Shape or construction of throttling passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/50—Special means providing automatic damping adjustment, i.e. self-adjustment of damping by particular sliding movements of a valve element, other than flexions or displacement of valve discs; Special means providing self-adjustment of spring characteristics
    • F16F9/516—Special means providing automatic damping adjustment, i.e. self-adjustment of damping by particular sliding movements of a valve element, other than flexions or displacement of valve discs; Special means providing self-adjustment of spring characteristics resulting in the damping effects during contraction being different from the damping effects during extension, i.e. responsive to the direction of movement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vibration damper with adjustable damping force according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the older one DE 10 2004 054 474 describes an adjustable damping force damper comprising a piston rod axially movably disposed in a damper-filled cylinder together with a piston, the piston dividing the cylinder into a piston rod side and a piston rod remote working space with an adjustable damper valve having at least one fluid connection ant the two workrooms is connected.
  • a damping valve is arranged in series with the adjustable damping valve, which moves in the closing direction in dependence on the flow velocity of the damping medium.
  • the adjustable damping valve is connected in parallel in the form of a bottom valve, a pressure relief valve.
  • the effect occurs that the effective as a function of the flow velocity of the damping medium damping valve in his Effect also depends on the downstream adjustable damping valve.
  • the speed-dependent damping valve With a piston rod retraction movement in conjunction with a maximum passage on the adjustable damping valve, the speed-dependent damping valve can assume a throttle position with respect to the parallel base valve even at a smaller retraction speed. Correspondingly larger then would be the volume flow through the bottom valve after closing.
  • the adjustable damping valve assumes an operating position with a large damping force and throttle effect, then the speed-dependent closing damping valve can be virtually ineffective. This effect becomes clearer when you imagine the adjustable damper valve as a fully lockable damper valve. This could also happen no flow through the speed-dependent closing damper valve.
  • This dependence between the adjustable damping valve the pressure relief valve or bottom valve and the speed-dependent closing damping valve determines the point of use of the speed-dependent damping valve, so that it is very difficult to determine the closing behavior of the speed-dependent damping valve.
  • Object of the present invention is to eliminate the problem described in the prior art, the distribution of the volume flows from the piston rod side working space.
  • the object is achieved in that based on the flow of the damping means to the adjustable damping valve and the at least one further valve in series with two damping valves, a damping valve is connected upstream, which moves in the closing direction as a function of the flow velocity of the damping medium.
  • the great advantage is that by the preparation of the speed-dependent closing damping valve independently of the adjustable damping valve determinable Dämpfkraftkennline the vibration.
  • the volume, which is displaced by the speed-dependent closing damper valve, corresponds to the volume of the retracting piston rod.
  • the present damping force then depends only on the piston rod speed and the damping force characteristic of the speed-dependent closing damping valve. Which division the displaced volume experiences after exiting the speed-dependent closing damping valve does not matter. Consequently, the further damping valve, ie z. B. a bottom valve and the adjustable damping valve are tuned more targeted to a desired damping force curve.
  • the piston rod remote working space a distributor element is arranged downstream, to which the adjustable damping valve and the at least one further damping valve are connected, wherein there is a cutting disc with the speed-dependent damping valve between the distributor element and the piston rod remote working space.
  • the cutting disc can serve as a valve seat surface for the speed-dependent closing damping valve.
  • the distributor element is designed as an extension of the damping medium-filled cylinder.
  • the distributor element could also be arranged in a hose section outside the vibration damper.
  • the connection to the cylinder minimizes any leakage.
  • the distributor element radially centers on the cylinder, so that there is no diameter dependence with respect to a container tube in a two-pipe vibration damper.
  • a pressure relief valve is connected in parallel.
  • Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a vibration damper 1, comprising a damping agent-filled cylinder 3, in which a piston rod 5 is guided axially displaceably together with a piston 7.
  • the piston 7 divides the cylinder 3 into a piston rod-side working space 9 and a working chamber 11 remote from the piston rod.
  • the piston may be a simple displacer without passage channels.
  • the piston rod side working space is connected via a fluid connection 13 with an adjustable damping valve 15.
  • the piston rod remote working space 11 is followed by a distribution space, which has a fluid connection 17 to a separately adjustable damping valve 19. Between the distributor chamber 16 and the piston rod remote working space 11, a cutting disc 18 is arranged.
  • a compensation chamber 21 The displaced from the respective working spaces in the adjustable damping valves damping medium flows into a compensation chamber 21.
  • Both the piston rod side and the piston rod remote working space are connected via a return line 23; 25 in combination with a non-return valve 27 opening in the direction of flow to the working space; 29 with the compensation chamber in connection.
  • the adjustable damping valve 19, which is effective in a retraction movement of the piston rod, with respect to the flow direction in series, a damping valve 31 is connected upstream, which is moved in the closing direction in dependence of the flow velocity of the damping medium.
  • the adjustable damping valve 19, a pressure relief valve 37 is connected in parallel, which is also connected downstream of the speed-dependent closing damping valve in series.
  • One Pressure relief valve can be in a flow connection 39, z. B. in the piston 7, between the two working spaces 9; 11 may be arranged.
  • the piston rod-side working chamber 9 can also be equipped with a damping force-increasing damping valve 41, which is arranged in series with the adjustable damping valve 15.
  • a pressure limiting valve 43 z. B. in a flow connection 45 in the piston makes sense.
  • the piston rod moves together with the piston in the cylinder 3 and compresses the piston rod remote working space 11.
  • the speed-dependent closing damper valve 31 in the blade 18 is open, closed, however, the check valve 29.
  • the entire in the Working space 11 under pressure damping means via the inlet opening 33 of the fluid connection 17 in the adjustable damping valve 19 and / or by the open pressure relief valve 37, which may be formed by a known bottom valve, continue to escape into the expansion chamber 21.
  • the volume flow distribution between the adjustable damping valve and the pressure limiting valve is determined by the instantaneous damping force setting of the damping valve 19 in relation to the pressure limiting valve 37.
  • damping medium can flow through the open check valve 27 or through the piston 7 in the annular piston rod side working space, so that there is no negative pressure.
  • the speed-dependent closing damper valve 31 assumes the closed position, which does not necessarily mean the complete blockage between the piston rod remote working space and the distribution chamber 16.
  • the volume displaced into the distributor space is divided, as in normal operation, between the adjustable damping valve 19 and the pressure limiting valve 37 in the direction of the compensation chamber 21.
  • the point of use of the speed-dependent closing damping valve is therefore dependent solely on the speed of the piston rod, but in no way on the setting of the adjustable damping valve, so that the said point of use is easy to set.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show a construction drawing of a vibration damper according to the invention 1 according to the substitute diagram of Figure 1.
  • the range of adjustable damping valves 15; 19 is shown in simplified form, since the structural design already from the DE 197 22 216 C1 is known.
  • the piston 7 is designed as a conventional damper piston and also has a speed-dependent closing damper valve 47, as shown in the DE 10 2004 054 474 , Fig. 5, the disclosure of which is part of this description of the figures.
  • the distributor chamber 16 is formed by a distributor element 49, so that the cylinder is designed at least in two parts in the axial direction.
  • the distributor element 49 centers with its outer wall on the inner diameter of the cylinder 3.
  • FIG. 4 shows that the distributor element 49 is designed as a tubular body with a one-piece cutting disc 18.
  • the cutting disc 18 includes a number of through holes 51, the access cross-section 53 can be reduced by a arranged in the piston rod remote working space 11 cup-shaped valve body 55.
  • a spring 57 biases the valve body 55 in the opening direction.
  • the channels 63 are covered by at least one valve disk 65, so that the throttle openings 59 in conjunction with the throttle disk 61 and the at least one valve disk 65th form a pressure relief valve, which is connected in parallel to the speed-dependent closing damper valve 31.
  • the pressure in the access area 53 between the partition wall 18 and the edge of the cup-shaped valve body 55 decreases, so that the existing pressure in the piston rod remote working chamber 11 moves the valve body 55 in the direction of the cutting disc 18. If a predetermined pressure level is exceeded, then the damping medium can flow through the throttle openings 59 and the throttle disk 61 and lift the valve disk 65 from the throttle disk 61. The displaced damping medium passes into the distributor chamber 16 and can then flow into the compensation chamber 21 as a function of the adjustable damping valve 19 and of the further damping valve 37, which is designed as a bottom valve.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The damper has a piston rod, which is arranged in a cylinder together with a piston in an axially movable manner. Rate dependant closing damping valve (31) is connected upstream in relation to the flow of a damping unit to an adjustable damping valve (19) and a pressure limiting valve (37) to both the valves in a row. The damping valve (31) moves in dependence on the flow rate of a damping medium in a closing direction.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schwingungsdämpfer mit verstellbarer Dämpfkraft gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1.The invention relates to a vibration damper with adjustable damping force according to the preamble of claim 1.

Die ältere DE 10 2004 054 474 beschreibt einen Schwingungsdämpfer mit verstellbarer Dämpfkraft, umfassend eine Kolbenstange, die in einem dämpfmittelgefüllten Zylinder zusammen mit einem Kolben axial beweglich angeordnet, wobei der Kolben den Zylinder in einen kolbenstangenseitigen und einen kolbenstangenfernen Arbeitsraum unterteilt, mit einem verstellbaren Dämpfventil, das über eine Fluidenverbindung ant mindestens einen der beiden Arbeitsräumen angeschlossen ist. Bezogen auf die Strömung des Dämpfmittels ist in Reihe zu dem verstellbaren Dämpfventil ein Dämpfventil angeordnet ist, das sich in Abhängigkeit der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Dämpfmediums in Schließrichtung bewegt. Dem verstellbaren Dämpfventil ist in der Form eines Bodenventils ein Druckbegrenzungsventil hydraulisch parallel geschaltet. Bei dieser Bauform tritt der Effekt auf, dass das in Abhängigkeit der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Dämpfmediums wirksame Dämpfventil in seiner Wirkung auch abhängig ist von dem nachgeschalteten verstellbaren Dämpfventil. Bei einer Kolbenstangeneinfahrbewegung in Verbindung mit einem maximalen Durchlass am verstellbaren Dämpfventil kann das geschwindigkeitsabhängige Dämpfventil bezogen auf das parallele Bodenventil schon bei einer kleineren Einfahrgeschwindigkeit eine Drosselposition einnehmen. Entsprechend größer wäre nach dem Schließen dann der Volumenstrom durch das Bodenventil. Nimmt das verstellbare Dämpfventil jedoch eine Betriebsstellung mit einer großen Dämpfkraft und Drosselwirkung ein, dann kann das geschwindigkeitsabhängig schließende Dämpfventil nahezu wirkungslos sein. Dieser Effekt wird deutlicher, wenn man sich das verstellbare Dämpfventil als ein vollständig blockierbares Dämpfventil vorstellt. Damit könnte auch kein Volumenstrom durch das geschwindigkeitsabhängig schließende Dämpfventil passieren. Diese Abhängigkeit zwischen dem verstellbaren Dämpfventil dem Druckbegrenzungsventil bzw. Bodenventil und dem geschwindigkeitsabhängig schließenden Dämpfventil bestimmt den Einsatzpunkt des geschwindigkeitsabhängigen Dämpfventils, so dass es sehr schwierig ist, das Schließverhalten des geschwindigkeitsabhängigen Dämpfventils zu bestimmen.The older one DE 10 2004 054 474 describes an adjustable damping force damper comprising a piston rod axially movably disposed in a damper-filled cylinder together with a piston, the piston dividing the cylinder into a piston rod side and a piston rod remote working space with an adjustable damper valve having at least one fluid connection ant the two workrooms is connected. Based on the flow of the damping means, a damping valve is arranged in series with the adjustable damping valve, which moves in the closing direction in dependence on the flow velocity of the damping medium. The adjustable damping valve is connected in parallel in the form of a bottom valve, a pressure relief valve. In this design, the effect occurs that the effective as a function of the flow velocity of the damping medium damping valve in his Effect also depends on the downstream adjustable damping valve. With a piston rod retraction movement in conjunction with a maximum passage on the adjustable damping valve, the speed-dependent damping valve can assume a throttle position with respect to the parallel base valve even at a smaller retraction speed. Correspondingly larger then would be the volume flow through the bottom valve after closing. However, if the adjustable damping valve assumes an operating position with a large damping force and throttle effect, then the speed-dependent closing damping valve can be virtually ineffective. This effect becomes clearer when you imagine the adjustable damper valve as a fully lockable damper valve. This could also happen no flow through the speed-dependent closing damper valve. This dependence between the adjustable damping valve the pressure relief valve or bottom valve and the speed-dependent closing damping valve determines the point of use of the speed-dependent damping valve, so that it is very difficult to determine the closing behavior of the speed-dependent damping valve.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist, das aus dem Stand der Technik beschriebene Problem der Aufteilung der Volumenströme aus dem kolbenstangenseitigen Arbeitsraum zu beheben.Object of the present invention is to eliminate the problem described in the prior art, the distribution of the volume flows from the piston rod side working space.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass bezogen auf die Strömung des Dämpfmittels zu dem verstellbaren Dämpfventil und dem mindestens einen weiteren Ventil in Reihe zu beiden Dämpfventilen ein Dämpfventil vorgeschaltet ist, das sich in Abhängigkeit der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Dämpfmediums in Schließrichtung bewegt.According to the invention the object is achieved in that based on the flow of the damping means to the adjustable damping valve and the at least one further valve in series with two damping valves, a damping valve is connected upstream, which moves in the closing direction as a function of the flow velocity of the damping medium.

Der große Vorteil besteht darin, dass durch die Voranstellung des geschwindigkeitsabhängig schließenden Dämpfventils eine unabhängig vom verstellbaren Dämpfventil bestimmbare Dämpfkraftkennlinie des Schwingungsdämpfers. Das Volumen, das durch das geschwindigkeitsabhängig schließende Dämpfventil verdrängt wird, entspricht dem Volumen der einfahrenden Kolbenstange. Die vorliegende Dämpfkraft hängt dann nur noch von der Kolbenstangengeschwindigkeit und der Dämpfkraftkennlinie des geschwindigkeitsabhängig schließenden Dämpfventils ab. Welche Aufteilung das verdrängte Volumen nach dem Austritt aus dem geschwindigkeitsabhängig schließenden Dämpfventil erfährt, spielt keine Rolle. Folglich können das weitere Dämpfventil, also z. B. ein Bodenventil und das verstellbare Dämpfventil gezielter auf eine gewünschte Dämpfkraftkennlinie abgestimmt werden.The great advantage is that by the preparation of the speed-dependent closing damping valve independently of the adjustable damping valve determinable Dämpfkraftkennlinie the vibration. The volume, which is displaced by the speed-dependent closing damper valve, corresponds to the volume of the retracting piston rod. The present damping force then depends only on the piston rod speed and the damping force characteristic of the speed-dependent closing damping valve. Which division the displaced volume experiences after exiting the speed-dependent closing damping valve does not matter. Consequently, the further damping valve, ie z. B. a bottom valve and the adjustable damping valve are tuned more targeted to a desired damping force curve.

In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung ist dem kolbenstangenfernen Arbeitsraum ein Verteilerelement nachgeordnet ist, an dem das verstellbare Dämpfventil und das mindestens eine weitere Dämpfventil angeschlossen sind, wobei zwischen dem Verteilerelement und dem kolbenstangenfernen Arbeitsraum eine Trennscheibe mit dem geschwindigkeitsabhängigen Dämpfventil vorliegt. Die Trennscheibe kann dabei als eine Ventilsitzfläche für das geschwindigkeitsabhängig schließende Dämpfventil dienen.In a further advantageous embodiment, the piston rod remote working space a distributor element is arranged downstream, to which the adjustable damping valve and the at least one further damping valve are connected, wherein there is a cutting disc with the speed-dependent damping valve between the distributor element and the piston rod remote working space. The cutting disc can serve as a valve seat surface for the speed-dependent closing damping valve.

Es ist vorgesehen, dass das Verteilerelement als eine Verlängerung des dämpfmittelgefüllten Zylinders ausgeführt ist. Prinzipiell könnte das Verteilerelement auch in einem Schlauchabschnitt außerhalb des Schwingungsdämpfers angeordnet sein. Die Anbindung an den Zylinder minimiert jedoch etwaige Leckagefolgen.
Diese mehrteilige Lösung vereinfacht die Herstellung des Zylinders, indem für den kolbenstangenseitigen und den kolbenstangenfernen Arbeitsraum ein einfaches Rohr verwendet wird, mit einer Trennscheibe, die einteilig mit der Verlängerung ausgeführt ist, kann man besonders vorteilhaft ein Guss- oder Schmiedeteil verwenden.It is envisaged that the distributor element is designed as an extension of the damping medium-filled cylinder. In principle, the distributor element could also be arranged in a hose section outside the vibration damper. However, the connection to the cylinder minimizes any leakage.
This multi-part solution simplifies the production of the cylinder by a simple tube is used for the piston rod side and the piston rod remote working space, with a cutting disc, which is designed in one piece with the extension, it is particularly advantageous to use a cast or forged part.

Das Verteilerelement zentriert radial sich an dem Zylinder, so dass bei einem Schwingungsdämpfer in Zweirohrausführung keine Durchmesserabhängigkeit zu einem Behälterrohr besteht.The distributor element radially centers on the cylinder, so that there is no diameter dependence with respect to a container tube in a two-pipe vibration damper.

Damit keinesfalls eine Blockierung des Schwingungsdämpfers auftreten kann, ist dem geschwindigkeitsabhängigen Dämpfventil ein Druckbegrenzungsventil parallelgeschaltet.So that no blockage of the vibration damper can occur, the speed-dependent damping valve, a pressure relief valve is connected in parallel.

Anhand der folgenden Figurenbeschreibung soll die Erfindung näher erläutert werden.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following description of the figures.

Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
Ersatzschaubild des erfindungsgemäßen Schwingungsdämpfers
Fig. 2 u. 3
Schnittdarstellungen durch den erfindungsgemäßen Schwingungsdämpfer
Fig. 4
Detaildarstellung zu den Fig. 1 und 2
It shows:
Fig. 1
Replacement diagram of the vibration damper according to the invention
Fig. 2 u. 3
Sectional views through the vibration damper according to the invention
Fig. 4
Detailed representation of FIGS. 1 and 2

Die Fig. 1 zeigt ein Blockschaltbild von einem Schwingungsdämpfer 1, der einen dämpfmittelgefüllten Zylinder 3 umfasst, in dem eine Kolbenstange 5 zusammen mit einem Kolben 7 axial verschiebbar geführt ist. Der Kolben 7 unterteilt den Zylinder 3 in einen kolbenstangenseitigen Arbeitsraum 9 und einen kolbenstangenfernen Arbeitsraum 11. Im Prinzip kann es sich bei dem Kolben um einen einfachen Verdränger ohne Durchlasskanäle handeln. Der kolbenstangenseitige Arbeitsraum ist über eine Fluidenverbindung 13 mit einem verstellbaren Dämpfventil 15 verbunden. Dem kolbenstangenfernen Arbeitsraum 11 schließt sich ein Verteilerraum an, der über eine Fluidenverbindung 17 zu einem separat verstellbaren Dämpfventil 19 verfügt. Zwischen dem Verteilerraum 16 und dem kolbenstangenfernen Arbeitsraum 11 ist eine Trennscheibe 18 angeordnet. Das aus den jeweiligen Arbeitsräumen in die verstellbaren Dämpfventile verdrängte Dämpfmedium fließt in einen Ausgleichsraum 21. Sowohl der kolbenstangenseitige wie auch der kolbenstangenferne Arbeitsraum stehen über eine Rückflussleitung 23; 25 in Kombination mit einem in Fließrichtung zum Arbeitsraum öffnenden Rückschlagventil 27; 29 mit dem Ausgleichsraum in Verbindung.Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a vibration damper 1, comprising a damping agent-filled cylinder 3, in which a piston rod 5 is guided axially displaceably together with a piston 7. The piston 7 divides the cylinder 3 into a piston rod-side working space 9 and a working chamber 11 remote from the piston rod. In principle, the piston may be a simple displacer without passage channels. The piston rod side working space is connected via a fluid connection 13 with an adjustable damping valve 15. The piston rod remote working space 11 is followed by a distribution space, which has a fluid connection 17 to a separately adjustable damping valve 19. Between the distributor chamber 16 and the piston rod remote working space 11, a cutting disc 18 is arranged. The displaced from the respective working spaces in the adjustable damping valves damping medium flows into a compensation chamber 21. Both the piston rod side and the piston rod remote working space are connected via a return line 23; 25 in combination with a non-return valve 27 opening in the direction of flow to the working space; 29 with the compensation chamber in connection.

Dem verstellbaren Dämpfventil 19, das bei einer Einfahrbewegung der Kolbenstange wirksam ist, ist bezüglich der Strömungsrichtung in Reihe ein Dämpfventil 31 vorgeschaltet, das in Abhängigkeit der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Dämpfmediums in Schließrichtung bewegt wird. Dem verstellbaren Dämpfventil 19 ist ein Druckbegrenzungsventil 37 parallel geschaltet, das ebenfalls dem geschwindigkeitsabhängig schließenden Dämpfventil in Reihe nachgeschaltet ist. Ein Druckbegrenzungsventil kann in einer Strömungsverbindung 39, z. B. im Kolben 7, zwischen den beiden Arbeitsräumen 9; 11 angeordnet sein.The adjustable damping valve 19, which is effective in a retraction movement of the piston rod, with respect to the flow direction in series, a damping valve 31 is connected upstream, which is moved in the closing direction in dependence of the flow velocity of the damping medium. The adjustable damping valve 19, a pressure relief valve 37 is connected in parallel, which is also connected downstream of the speed-dependent closing damping valve in series. One Pressure relief valve can be in a flow connection 39, z. B. in the piston 7, between the two working spaces 9; 11 may be arranged.

Auch der kolbenstangenseitige Arbeitsraum 9 kann mit einem dämpfkrafterhöhend wirksamen Dämpfventil 41 bestückt sein, das in Reihe zum verstellbaren Dämpfventil 15 angeordnet ist. In diesem Fall ist ein Druckbegrenzungsventil 43 z. B. in einer Strömungsverbindung 45 im Kolben sinnvoll.The piston rod-side working chamber 9 can also be equipped with a damping force-increasing damping valve 41, which is arranged in series with the adjustable damping valve 15. In this case, a pressure limiting valve 43 z. B. in a flow connection 45 in the piston makes sense.

Beim normalen Schwingungsdämpferbetrieb fährt die Kolbenstange zusammen mit dem Kolben in den Zylinder 3 ein und komprimiert den kolbenstangenfernen Arbeitsraum 11. Das geschwindigkeitsabhängig schließende Dämpfventil 31 in der Trennscheibe 18 ist geöffnet, geschlossen ist dagegen das Rückschlagventil 29. In Abhängigkeit der gewünschten Dämpfkraft kann das gesamte im Arbeitsraum 11 unter Druck stehende Dämpfmittel über die Eintrittsöffnung 33 der Fluidenverbindung 17 in das verstellbare Dämpfventil 19 und/oder durch das geöffnete Druckbegrenzungsventil 37, das von einem an sich bekannten Bodenventil gebildet werden kann, weiter in den Ausgleichsraum 21 entweichen. Die Volumenstromverteilung zwischen dem verstellbaren Dämpfventil und dem Druckbegrenzungsventil bestimmt sich nach der momentanen Dämpfkrafteinstellung des Dämpfventils 19 im Verhältnis zum Druckbegrenzungsventil 37. Je nach Kolbenkonstruktion, z. B. als einfacher Verdränge oder als konventionelles Dämpfventil kann Dämpfmedium über das geöffnete Rückschlagventil 27 oder durch den Kolben 7 in den ringförmigen kolbenstangenseitigen Arbeitsraum fließen, damit dort kein Unterdruck entsteht.During normal vibration damper operation, the piston rod moves together with the piston in the cylinder 3 and compresses the piston rod remote working space 11. The speed-dependent closing damper valve 31 in the blade 18 is open, closed, however, the check valve 29. Depending on the desired damping force, the entire in the Working space 11 under pressure damping means via the inlet opening 33 of the fluid connection 17 in the adjustable damping valve 19 and / or by the open pressure relief valve 37, which may be formed by a known bottom valve, continue to escape into the expansion chamber 21. The volume flow distribution between the adjustable damping valve and the pressure limiting valve is determined by the instantaneous damping force setting of the damping valve 19 in relation to the pressure limiting valve 37. Depending on the piston design, for. B. as a simple displacement or as a conventional damping valve damping medium can flow through the open check valve 27 or through the piston 7 in the annular piston rod side working space, so that there is no negative pressure.

Bei einer extremen Einfahrgeschwindigkeit der Kolbenstange 5 nimmt das geschwindigkeitsabhängig schließende Dämpfventil 31 die Schließstellung ein, wobei damit nicht unbedingt die vollständige Blockade zwischen dem kolbenstangenfernen Arbeitsraum und dem Verteilerraum 16 gemeint ist. Das in den Verteilerraum verdrängte Volumen teilt sich ebenso wie im Normalbetrieb zwischen dem verstellbaren Dämpfventil 19 und dem Druckbegrenzungsventil 37 in Richtung des Ausgleichsraums 21 auf. Der Einsatzpunkt des geschwindigkeitsabhängig schließenden Dämpfventils ist deshalb ausschließlich von der Geschwindigkeit der Kolbenstange abhängig, jedoch keinesfalls von der Einstellung des verstellbaren Dämpfventils, so dass der besagte Einsatzpunkt einfach festzulegen ist.At an extreme retraction speed of the piston rod 5, the speed-dependent closing damper valve 31 assumes the closed position, which does not necessarily mean the complete blockage between the piston rod remote working space and the distribution chamber 16. The volume displaced into the distributor space is divided, as in normal operation, between the adjustable damping valve 19 and the pressure limiting valve 37 in the direction of the compensation chamber 21. The point of use of the speed-dependent closing damping valve is therefore dependent solely on the speed of the piston rod, but in no way on the setting of the adjustable damping valve, so that the said point of use is easy to set.

Die Figuren 2 und 3 zeigen eine Konstruktionszeichnung eines erfindungsgemäßen Schwingungsdämpfers 1 entsprechend dem Ersatzschaubild nach Fig. 1. Der Bereich der verstellbaren Dämpfventile 15; 19 ist vereinfacht dargestellt, da der konstruktive Aufbau bereits aus der DE 197 22 216 C1 bekannt ist. Der Kolben 7 ist als konventioneller Dämpfkolben ausgeführt und verfügt ebenfalls über ein geschwindigkeitsabhängig schließendes Dämpfventil 47, wie es in der DE 10 2004 054 474 , Fig. 5, beschrieben ist, deren Offenbarungsgehalt Teil dieser Figurenbeschreibung ist. Des Weiteren ist den Figuren 2 und 3 zu entnehmen, dass der Verteilerraum 16 von einem Verteilerelement 49 gebildet wird, so dass der Zylinder in Axialrichtung zumindest zweiteilig ausgeführt ist. Das Verteilerelement 49 zentriert sich mit seiner Außenwandung am Innendurchmesser des Zylinders 3.Figures 2 and 3 show a construction drawing of a vibration damper according to the invention 1 according to the substitute diagram of Figure 1. The range of adjustable damping valves 15; 19 is shown in simplified form, since the structural design already from the DE 197 22 216 C1 is known. The piston 7 is designed as a conventional damper piston and also has a speed-dependent closing damper valve 47, as shown in the DE 10 2004 054 474 , Fig. 5, the disclosure of which is part of this description of the figures. Furthermore, it can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3 that the distributor chamber 16 is formed by a distributor element 49, so that the cylinder is designed at least in two parts in the axial direction. The distributor element 49 centers with its outer wall on the inner diameter of the cylinder 3.

Die Fig. 4 zeigt, dass das Verteilerelement 49 als ein Rohrkörper mit einer einteiligen Trennscheibe 18 ausgeführt ist. Die Trennscheibe 18 enthält eine Anzahl von Durchgangsöffnungen 51, deren Zugangsquerschnitt 53 von einem im kolbenstangenfernen Arbeitsraum 11 angeordnetem topfförmigen Ventilkörper 55 verkleinert werden kann. Eine Feder 57 spannt den Ventilkörper 55 in Öffnungsrichtung vor. In einem Boden des Ventilkörpers 55 ist mindestens eine Drosselöffnung 59 ausgeführt, die einen Dämpfmediumstrom zu einer Drosselscheibe 61 zulässt, deren Kanäle 63 von mindestens einer Ventilscheibe 65 abgedeckt werden, so dass die Drosselöffnungen 59 in Verbindung mit der Drosselscheibe 61 und der mindestens einen Ventilscheibe 65 ein Druckbegrenzungsventil bilden, das dem geschwindigkeitsabhängig schließenden Dämpfventil 31 parallelgeschaltet ist.FIG. 4 shows that the distributor element 49 is designed as a tubular body with a one-piece cutting disc 18. The cutting disc 18 includes a number of through holes 51, the access cross-section 53 can be reduced by a arranged in the piston rod remote working space 11 cup-shaped valve body 55. A spring 57 biases the valve body 55 in the opening direction. In a bottom of the valve body 55 at least one throttle opening 59 is executed, which allows a damping medium flow to a throttle disk 61, the channels 63 are covered by at least one valve disk 65, so that the throttle openings 59 in conjunction with the throttle disk 61 and the at least one valve disk 65th form a pressure relief valve, which is connected in parallel to the speed-dependent closing damper valve 31.

Bei einer großen Strömungsgeschwindigkeit, verursacht durch eine große Kolbenstangengeschwindigkeit in Einfahrrichtung, sinkt der Druck im Zugangsbereich 53 zwischen der Trennwand 18 und dem Rand des topfförmigen Ventilkörpers 55, so dass der vorhandene Druck im kolbenstangenfernen Arbeitsraum 11 den Ventilkörper 55 in Richtung der Trennscheibe 18 bewegt. Wird ein vorbestimmtes Druckniveau überschritten, dann kann das Dämpfmedium durch die Drosselöffnungen 59 und die Drosselscheibe 61 strömen und die Ventilscheibe 65 von der Drosselscheibe 61 abheben lassen. Das verdrängte Dämpfmedium gelangt in den Verteilerraum 16 und kann dann in Abhängigkeit des verstellbaren Dämpfventils 19 und des weiteren Dämpfventils 37, das als ein Bodenventil ausgeführt ist, in den Ausgleichsraum 21 fließen.At a high flow velocity, caused by a large piston rod speed in the retraction, the pressure in the access area 53 between the partition wall 18 and the edge of the cup-shaped valve body 55 decreases, so that the existing pressure in the piston rod remote working chamber 11 moves the valve body 55 in the direction of the cutting disc 18. If a predetermined pressure level is exceeded, then the damping medium can flow through the throttle openings 59 and the throttle disk 61 and lift the valve disk 65 from the throttle disk 61. The displaced damping medium passes into the distributor chamber 16 and can then flow into the compensation chamber 21 as a function of the adjustable damping valve 19 and of the further damping valve 37, which is designed as a bottom valve.

Claims (6)

Schwingungsdämpfer mit verstellbarer Dämpfkraft, umfassend eine Kolbenstange, die in einem dämpfmittelgefüllten Zylinder zusammen mit einem Kolben axial beweglich angeordnet, wobei der Kolben den Zylinder in einen kolbenstangenseitigen und einen kolbenstangenfernen Arbeitsraum unterteilt, mit einem verstellbaren Dämpfventil, das über eine Fluidenverbindung ant mindestens einen der beiden Arbeitsräumen angeschlossen ist, wobei dem verstellbaren Dämpfventil mindestens ein weiteres Ventil hydraulisch parallelgeschaltet ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass bezogen auf die Strömung des Dämpfmittels zu dem verstellbaren Dämpfventil (19) und dem mindestens einen weiteren Ventil (37) zu beiden Ventilen (19; 37) in Reihe ein Dämpfventil (31) vorgeschaltet ist, das sich in Abhängigkeit der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Dämpfmediums in Schließrichtung bewegt.An adjustable damping force damper comprising a piston rod axially movably disposed in a damper-filled cylinder together with a piston, the piston dividing the cylinder into a piston rod side and a piston rod remote working space with an adjustable damper valve having at least one of the fluid connections ant Working spaces is connected, wherein the adjustable damping valve at least one further valve is connected in parallel hydraulically,
characterized,
in relation to the flow of the damping agent to the adjustable damping valve (19) and the at least one further valve (37) to both valves (19, 37), a damping valve (31) is connected in series, which is located in Dependence of the flow velocity of the damping medium in the closing direction moves. Schwingungsdämpfer nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass dem kolbenstangenfernen Arbeitsraum (11) ein Verteilerelement (49) nachgeordnet ist, an dem das verstellbare Dämpfventil (19) und das mindestens eine weitere Dämpfventil (37) angeschlossen sind, wobei zwischen dem Verteilerelement (49) und dem kolbenstangenfernen Arbeitsraum (11) eine Trennscheibe (18) mit dem geschwindigkeitsabhängigen Dämpfventil (31) vorliegt.Vibration damper according to claim 1,
characterized,
in that the piston rod remote working space (11) is followed by a distributor element (49) to which the adjustable damping valve (19) and the at least one further damping valve (37) are connected, wherein between the distributor element (49) and the piston rod remote working space (11) Cutting disc (18) with the speed-dependent damping valve (31) is present. Schwingungsdämpfer nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Verteilerelement (31) als eine Verlängerung des dämpfmittelgefüllten Zylinders (3) ausgeführt ist.Vibration damper according to claim 1,
characterized,
in that the distributor element (31) is designed as an extension of the damping medium-filled cylinder (3). Schwingungsdämpfer nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass sich das Verteilerelement (49) an dem Zylinder (3) radial zentriert.Vibration damper according to claim 3,
characterized,
in that the distributor element (49) radially centers on the cylinder (3). Schwingungsdämpfer nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Trennscheibe (18) einteilig mit der Verlängerung (49) ausgeführt ist.Vibration damper according to claim 2,
characterized,
that the cutting disc (18) integral with the extension (49) is executed. Schwingungsdämpfer nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass dem geschwindigkeitsabhängigen Dämpfventil (31) ein Druckbegrenzungsventil (59; 61; 63; 65) parallelgeschaltet ist.Vibration damper according to claim 1,
characterized,
in that a pressure-limiting valve (59; 61; 63; 65) is connected in parallel with the speed-dependent damping valve (31).
EP06018426A 2005-10-13 2006-09-04 Vibration damper with adjustable damping force Withdrawn EP1775495A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE102005048949A DE102005048949B3 (en) 2005-10-13 2005-10-13 Vibration damper, has rate dependant closing damping valve connected upstream in relation to flow of damping unit to adjustable damping valve, where closing valve moves based on flow rate of damping medium

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EP1775495A2 true EP1775495A2 (en) 2007-04-18
EP1775495A3 EP1775495A3 (en) 2009-07-01

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US (1) US8307965B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1775495A3 (en)
KR (1) KR100858683B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102005048949B3 (en)

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KR100858683B1 (en) 2008-09-16
EP1775495A3 (en) 2009-07-01
KR20070041339A (en) 2007-04-18
DE102005048949B3 (en) 2006-12-14
US8307965B2 (en) 2012-11-13
US20070084687A1 (en) 2007-04-19

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