EP1762315B1 - Apparatus for joining by plastic deformation - Google Patents

Apparatus for joining by plastic deformation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1762315B1
EP1762315B1 EP06120237A EP06120237A EP1762315B1 EP 1762315 B1 EP1762315 B1 EP 1762315B1 EP 06120237 A EP06120237 A EP 06120237A EP 06120237 A EP06120237 A EP 06120237A EP 1762315 B1 EP1762315 B1 EP 1762315B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
joining
tool holder
frame
punch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP06120237A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1762315A1 (en
Inventor
Reinhold Opper
Ruben Gutierrez Romero
Joachim Möser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Newfrey LLC
Original Assignee
Newfrey LLC
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Newfrey LLC filed Critical Newfrey LLC
Publication of EP1762315A1 publication Critical patent/EP1762315A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1762315B1 publication Critical patent/EP1762315B1/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/04—Frames; Guides
    • B30B15/047—C-shaped frames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/10—Riveting machines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49833—Punching, piercing or reaming part by surface of second part
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49833—Punching, piercing or reaming part by surface of second part
    • Y10T29/49835—Punching, piercing or reaming part by surface of second part with shaping
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49938—Radially expanding part in cavity, aperture, or hollow body
    • Y10T29/49943—Riveting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49947—Assembling or joining by applying separate fastener
    • Y10T29/49954—Fastener deformed after application
    • Y10T29/49956—Riveting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53039—Means to assemble or disassemble with control means energized in response to activator stimulated by condition sensor
    • Y10T29/53061—Responsive to work or work-related machine element
    • Y10T29/53065—Responsive to work or work-related machine element with means to fasten by deformation
    • Y10T29/5307—Self-piercing work part
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/5343—Means to drive self-piercing work part
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53709—Overedge assembling means
    • Y10T29/5377—Riveter

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a joining device for forming-technical joining with a frame open on one side, a drive arranged on the frame with a movable punch and a tool holder, which supports a die lying opposite the punch on the frame according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to such Joining device with a tool holder set comprising at least two tool holders of different lengths, which are interchangeable with each other and hold and support a tool lying opposite the punch on the frame.
  • Joining devices of the specified type are primarily used for joining workpieces made of sheet metal, for example by riveting, punch riveting or clinching.
  • Joining devices for example in automotive applications, there is the problem that the shape of the components to be joined requires different positions of the punch-opposed tool within the frame. Also, a change in the maximum opening width between the punch and the tool is often required for optimal adaptation of the joining device to different joining tasks.
  • the angular deviations in the reasonable order of magnitude are as equal as possible and do not depend on the position of the joint within the joining device, so that this can be taken into account in the design of the joining tools and the interpretation of the joining process.
  • Various angular deviations at different positions of the joint in the joining tool are considered disadvantageous.
  • the stress on the joining device during joining also results in an offset of the joint relative to the frame transversely to the longitudinal axes of punch and tool. This offset leads to an additional stress on the parts to be joined and of the devices carrying the joining device, for example of a robot, and should therefore also be as small as possible in every position of the joint.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a joining device of the type specified, in which the load occurring during joining angle deviation between the longitudinal axes of the punch and tool is small. Furthermore, there is the task of keeping the offset of the joint relative to the frame as small as possible.
  • the tool holder is formed so that it undergoes an elastic deformation due to buckling with progressive load when joining, which at least partially compensates for the load-dependent spreading of the legs of the frame.
  • the invention is based on the finding that the angle deviation occurring during the joining between the longitudinal axis of the punch and the longitudinal axis of the tool can be influenced by the deformation behavior of the tool holder under load in such a way that the tool holder bends under load in a direction that the Bending direction of the leg of the frame is opposite, without the stability and support function of the tool holder is affected.
  • the invention has the advantage that can be achieved with little effort, a smaller angular deviation and thus better joining results.
  • the load of the joining device by lateral forces is reduced and the service life of the joining device and the tools is improved.
  • a joining device with a tool holder set comprising at least two tool holder of different length, which are interchangeable and support a tool lying opposite the punch on the frame and support, to achieve that occurring due to stress during joining angle deviation between the longitudinal axes of stamp and tool of the Position of the tool in the joining device is largely independent, is further provided according to the invention that the various tool holder of the tool holder set are designed so that their respective elastic deformation under the load applied during joining a lying within a predetermined narrow range, maximum angular deviation between causes the longitudinal axis of the punch and the longitudinal axis of the tool.
  • the different tool holders can be adapted to the load situation resulting from their length in such a way that given the same process conditions for each tool holder during joining, essentially the same maximum angular deviations result.
  • the necessary Knowledge and methods to influence the deformation behavior of the tool holder in the sense of the invention are available to the person skilled in the art and can be supported by empirical measures.
  • the bending tendency of a longer tool holder can be promoted by suitable weakening of its cross section to cause under load a tool holder slightly curving shape change, which partially compensates for the change in shape of the frame and thereby allows compliance with a predetermined angular deviation.
  • the size of the angular deviations to be maintained with the various tool holders will be selected so that the predetermined narrow angular range can be maintained well with all tool holders.
  • the different tool holder of the tool holder set are formed with respect to their elastic deformation under the load during joining so that the offset of the joint relative to the frame transversely to the direction of the joining force a predetermined maximum value, in particular a maximum value of Does not exceed 1 mm.
  • the inventive design of the various tool holders is favored by a design in which the tool holder have a single foot and a uniform head, the head and foot are connected by a tapered portion whose shape change is optimized under load to maintain the predetermined angular deviation.
  • the tapered portion is in the shape of a circular cylinder.
  • parts of the area may be conical be executed and instead of a circular cross-section elliptical or polygonal cross-sections may be provided.
  • measures for changing the strength properties of the material are also possible.
  • zonewise change in the material properties for example by strain hardening, hardening, tempering the desired shape change property can be effected.
  • FIG. 1 shows a joining device which determines the joining of sheet metal parts by means of punch rivets.
  • the joining device comprises a C-shaped frame 1, which is usually attached to the articulated arm of an industrial robot, by means of which the joining device can be moved into the respective working position.
  • a holder 3 At the upper leg 2 of the frame 1 in the drawing a holder 3 is fixed, which carries in a receiving bore a drive 4 with a longitudinally movable through this punch 5.
  • the punch 5 is located inside the drive 4 and has an end face perpendicular to its longitudinal axis 6, which acts on the punch rivet to be set in each case.
  • a loading device 8 which loads a feed tube 9 individually supplied punch rivets in a setting sleeve 10, in which they are in front of the end face of the punch 5 for the next joining operation be kept ready.
  • a tool holder 12 On the leg 7 of the frame 1, the drive 4 opposite a tool holder 12 is arranged, which carries at its free end a tool 13, on which the workpieces are supported during the joining and acting on the workpieces reshaping.
  • the tool holder 12 ensures by its axial length that the tool 13 is located at a distance from the leg 7 and thereby allows the joining of workpieces, in which the contact point for the tool 13 is arranged sunk.
  • the tool 13 has a longitudinal axis 14, which coincides with unloaded frame with the longitudinal axis 6 of the punch 5.
  • the surface of the tool 13 coming into contact with the workpiece during joining is designed as a surface of revolution about the longitudinal axis 14.
  • FIG. 1 the unloaded state of the frame 1 is indicated by dashed lines.
  • the solid lines show, for clarity greatly exaggerated, the joining device under heavy load, as occurs in the final phase when setting punch rivets.
  • both legs bend 37 of the frame 1 apart and thereby cause a change in position of the drive 4 and the tool 13 such that the longitudinal axes 6, 14 no longer coincide, but differ in their angular position of each other and form an angle ⁇ with each other, the Sum of the angular deviations of both longitudinal axes corresponds.
  • the angle ⁇ is also the angle that the faces of the punch 5 and tool 13 in this Form load condition with each other. It is therefore also called spread angle, since it indicates the extent to which the faces of the punch and tool are spread apart.
  • the tool holder is designed so that it undergoes an elastic deformation due to the load during joining, which at least partially compensates for the spreading of the legs of the frame.
  • the tool holder is provided in its center with a tapered region of lesser rigidity, which is designed so that the tool holder deforms under load in the manner of a buckling in a direction which reduces the spread on the end faces of Stamp and tool causes.
  • FIG. 1 Furthermore, it can be seen that the elastic deformation of the frame 1 due to the load during the joining leads to an offset x of the joint transversely to the direction of the joining force.
  • the offset x causes a load on the drive 4 and the brackets of the frame 1 by lateral forces and must therefore remain as small as possible.
  • forming the elastic deformation behavior of the tool holder under load and the offset x can be limited to an advantageously small value.
  • the tool holder 20 has a suitable elastic deformation behavior.
  • the tool holder 20 has a plate-shaped base 21 with a flat bottom surface 22 which serves to support on the leg of the frame.
  • the foot 21 has a rear, flatter portion 23 with a mounting hole 24 and a front, higher portion 25, a head 26th wearing.
  • the flatter section 23 merges steadily into the higher section 25.
  • a constricted portion 27 which is dimensioned so that the head 26 tends with increasing load in the joining device in the direction of the flatter portion 23 and thereby caused by spreading of the frame angle deviation of reduced by the head 26 tool.
  • the tool holder 20 has a bore 28 which penetrates the head 26, the region 27 and the portion 25 perpendicular to the bottom surface 22.
  • the bore 28 serves to receive a retaining pin of a mounted on the head joining tool.
  • the located in the foot 21 part of the bore 28 receives a centering pin, with which the tool holder 20 is centered on the leg of the frame coaxial with the punch of the drive.
  • a lateral threaded bore 29 in the head 26 is intended to receive a clamping screw, with which the pin of the tool is clamped in the bore 28.
  • In the bore 28 further opens a helical bore 30 through which a release tool for releasing the joining tool can be introduced.
  • FIG. 4 shows a tool holder 40 of compared to the tool holder 20 and the in FIG. 5 shown tool holder 50 medium length.
  • the tool holder 40 has a foot 41 and a head 46.
  • the foot 41 is in shape and size with the foot 21 and the head 46 in shape and size with the head 26 match.
  • the greater axial length of the tool holder 40 is based solely on the greater length of an extending between foot 41 and head 46 tapered cylindrical portion 47.
  • the stiffness of the region 47 is in this case matched to the axial length of the tool holder 40, that under the in the joining tool on the tool holder 40 acting load the head 46 undergoes a change in position, which partially compensates for the angular deviation caused by the spread of the frame.
  • the tool holder 50 in FIG. 5 also agrees with the tool holders 20 and 40 with respect to his foot 51 and his head 56. Its central, tapered region 57 is approximately twice as long as the region 47 of the tool holder 40 and adapted in its shape change behavior to the requirements arising at this axial length of the tool holder requirements.
  • the tool holders 20, 40, 50 together form a tool holder replacement which is designed for use in a specific joining device.
  • the design is carried out so that all three tool holder 20, 40, 50 in the joining tool at the same stress the same angular deviation between the longitudinal axes of the punch and tool, i. generate the same spread angle ⁇ .
  • FIGS. 6 to 8 The use of the tool holder set is based on the FIGS. 6 to 8 briefly explained. All three figures show the frame 1 of the basis of FIG. 1 described joining device in unloaded condition.
  • FIG. 6 is attached to the leg 7 of the frame 1 of the short tool holder 20.
  • the connected to the leg 2 holder 3, which can be mounted on the envelope, is in a first position in which the drive receiving portion has a smaller distance from the leg 7.
  • a distance L 1 is present between the head of the tool holder 20 and the holder 3.
  • the tool holder 20 is replaced by the tool holder 40. This reduces the distance between the head of the tool holder 20 and the holder 3 to the smaller distance L2.
  • FIG. 8 shows an embodiment in which the holder 3 is mounted in the second position in which its receiving portion has a greater distance from the leg 7 of the frame 1.
  • FIGS. 6 to 8 shown examples are intended for another application and optimal.
  • the three tool holders 20, 40, 50 in conjunction with the two mounting positions of the holder 3 allow six design variations.
  • With the help of the inventive design of the deformation behavior of three tool holders can be brought to a small value for all six design variations of the spread angle, which varies only slightly from variation to variation.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Fügevorrichtung zum umformtechnischen Fügen mit einem einseitig offenen Rahmen, einem am Rahmen angeordneten Antrieb mit einem bewegbaren Stempel und einem Werkzeughalter, der ein dem Stempel gegenüber liegendes Werkzeug an dem Rahmen abstützt gemäss Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin eine derartige Fügevorrichtung mit einem Werkzeughaltersatz, der wenigstens zwei Werkzeughalter von verschiedener Länge umfaßt, die gegeneinander auswechselbar sind und ein dem Stempel gegenüber liegendes Werkzeug an dem Rahmen halten und abstützen.The invention relates to a joining device for forming-technical joining with a frame open on one side, a drive arranged on the frame with a movable punch and a tool holder, which supports a die lying opposite the punch on the frame according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention further relates to such Joining device with a tool holder set comprising at least two tool holders of different lengths, which are interchangeable with each other and hold and support a tool lying opposite the punch on the frame.

Fügevorrichtungen der angegebenen Art werden vornehmlich zum Verbinden von Werkstücken aus Blech, beispielsweise durch Nieten, Stanznieten oder Clinchen verwendet. Bei vielen Anwendungen solcher Fügevorrichtungen, beispielsweise bei der Anwendung im Automobilbau, besteht das Problem, daß die Formgestalt der zu fügenden Bauteile verschiedene Positionen des dem Stempel gegenüber liegenden Werkzeugs innerhalb des Rahmens erforderlich macht. Auch eine Änderung der maximalen Öffnungsweite zwischen dem Stempel und dem Werkzeug wird zur optimalen Anpassung der Fügevorrichtung an unterschiedliche Fügeaufgaben vielfach gefordert.Joining devices of the specified type are primarily used for joining workpieces made of sheet metal, for example by riveting, punch riveting or clinching. In many applications of such joining devices, for example in automotive applications, there is the problem that the shape of the components to be joined requires different positions of the punch-opposed tool within the frame. Also, a change in the maximum opening width between the punch and the tool is often required for optimal adaptation of the joining device to different joining tasks.

Bei einer aus DE 10 2004 005 884 A1 bekannten Fügevorrichtung werden verschieden lange Werkzeughalter in den Rahmen eingesetzt, um die Position des Werkzeugs innerhalb der Rahmenöffnung zu verändern. Außerdem ist der Antrieb an einem Halter angeordnet, der in zwei verschiedenen Stellungen an dem Rahmen befestigt werden kann, wobei in jeder der beiden Stellungen der Stempel in seiner Ruhestellung einen anderen Abstand von dem gegenüber liegenden Werkzeug hat. Hierdurch kann die maximale Öffnungsweite zwischen Werkzeug und Stempel zusätzlich verändert werden.At one off DE 10 2004 005 884 A1 known joining device differently long tool holder are inserted into the frame to change the position of the tool within the frame opening. In addition, the drive is arranged on a holder which can be fixed in two different positions on the frame, wherein in each of the two positions of the punch in its rest position has a different distance from the opposing tool. As a result, the maximum opening width between tool and punch can be additionally changed.

Die Abstützung des Werkzeugs mittels verschieden langer Werkzeughalter und die dadurch sowie durch die Lageänderung des Antriebs sich ergebenden unterschiedlichen Positionen der Fügestelle relativ zum Rahmen und zum Antrieb haben zur Folge, daß unter der Beanspruchung der Fügevorrichtung während des Fügens die Längsachsen von Stempel und Werkzeug in verschiedenen Positionen der Fügestelle verschieden stark von ihrer ursprünglich koaxialen Winkelstellung abweichen. Diese Winkelabweichungen zeigen sich in der Summe auch an der Fügeverbindung, da entsprechend dieser Winkelabweichungen auch die Lage der einander gegenüber liegenden Stirnflächen von Stempel und Werkzeug von der im unbelasteten Zustand parallelen Ausgangslage abweicht. Die Winkelabweichungen können die Qualität der Fügeverbindung erheblich beeinträchtigen und dürfen daher ein bestimmtes Maß nicht überschreiten. Zudem ist gefordert, daß die Winkelabweichungen in der vertretbaren Größenordnung möglichst gleich sind und nicht von der Position der Fügestelle innerhalb der Fügevorrichtung abhängen, damit dies bei der Gestaltung der Fügewerkzeuge und der Auslegung des Fügeprozesses berücksichtigt werden kann. Verschiedene Winkelabweichungen bei verschiedenen Positionen der Fügestelle im Fügewerkzeug werden als nachteilig angesehen.The support of the tool by means of different length tool holder and the resulting as well as by the change in position of the drive resulting different positions of the joint relative to the frame and the drive have the consequence that under the stress of the joining device during joining, the longitudinal axes of the punch and the tool deviate differently in different positions of the joint from their originally coaxial angular position. These angular deviations are also shown in the sum at the joining connection, since according to these angular deviations and the position of the opposing faces of punch and tool deviates from the starting position parallel to the unloaded state. The angular deviations can significantly affect the quality of the joint connection and must therefore not exceed a certain level. In addition, it is required that the angular deviations in the reasonable order of magnitude are as equal as possible and do not depend on the position of the joint within the joining device, so that this can be taken into account in the design of the joining tools and the interpretation of the joining process. Various angular deviations at different positions of the joint in the joining tool are considered disadvantageous.

Durch die Beanspruchung der Fügevorrichtung beim Fügen ergibt sich auch ein Versatz der Fügestelle gegenüber dem Rahmen quer zu den Längsachsen von Stempel und Werkzeug. Dieser Versatz führt zu einer zusätzlichen Beanspruchung der Fügeteile und der die Fügevorrichtung tragenden Einrichtungen, beispielsweise eines Roboters und sollte daher ebenfalls in jeder Position der Fügestelle möglichst klein sein.The stress on the joining device during joining also results in an offset of the joint relative to the frame transversely to the longitudinal axes of punch and tool. This offset leads to an additional stress on the parts to be joined and of the devices carrying the joining device, for example of a robot, and should therefore also be as small as possible in every position of the joint.

Aus EP-A2-0 835 731 ist es bekannt, bei einer holmlosen Spritzgießmaschine mit einem im Wesentlichen C-förmigen Maschinenrahmen, einer daran gelagerten Formaufspannplatte und einer über einen Schließmechanismus bewegbare Formaufspannplatte beide Formaufspannplatten derart gelenkig zu lagern, dass sie trotz der sich aufbiegenden Teile des Maschinenrahmens zueinander parallel bleiben. Hierbei sind zwischen den Formaufspannplatten und den entsprechenden Teilen des Maschinenrahmens als Gelenk wirkende Halteteile aus Federstahl vorgesehen, die durch Druckbelastung zusammendrückbar oder durch Zugbelastung auseinander ziehbar sind. Die elastische Verformbarkeit der Halteteile hat einen größeren Schließweg des Schließmechanismus zur Folge.Out EP-A2-0 835 731 It is known that in a tie barless injection molding machine with a substantially C-shaped machine frame, a mold clamping plate mounted thereon and a mold clamping plate movable by a closing mechanism, both mold platens are hinged in such a way that they remain parallel to one another despite the bending parts of the machine frame. Here are provided between the platens and the corresponding parts of the machine frame acting as a hinge holding parts made of spring steel, which are compressible by compressive load or pulled apart by tensile load. The elastic deformability of the holding parts results in a larger closing path of the closing mechanism.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Fügevorrichtung der angegebenen Art zu schaffen, bei der die durch Beanspruchung während des Fügens auftretende Winkelabweichung zwischen den Längsachsen von Stempel und Werkzeug klein ist. Weiterhin besteht die Aufgabe, den Versatz der Fügestelle gegenüber dem Rahmen möglichst klein zu halten.The invention has for its object to provide a joining device of the type specified, in which the load occurring during joining angle deviation between the longitudinal axes of the punch and tool is small. Furthermore, there is the task of keeping the offset of the joint relative to the frame as small as possible.

Die Aufgabe wird durch die in Patentanspruch 1 angegebene Erfindung gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.The object is solved by the invention defined in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Nach der Erfindung ist bei einer Fügevorrichtung der angegebenen Art vorgesehen, daß der Werkzeughalter so ausgebildet ist, daß er mit fortschreitender Belastung beim Fügen eine elastische Formänderung durch Knickung erfährt, welche die von der Belastung abhängige Spreizung der Schenkel des Rahmens zumindest teilweise kompensiert.According to the invention, it is provided in a joining device of the specified type, that the tool holder is formed so that it undergoes an elastic deformation due to buckling with progressive load when joining, which at least partially compensates for the load-dependent spreading of the legs of the frame.

Die Erfindung beruht auf der Erkenntnis, daß die beim Fügen auftretende Winkelabweichung zwischen der Längsachse des Stempels und der Längsachse des Werkzeugs durch das Formänderungsverhalten des Werkzeughalters bei Belastung in der Weise beeinflußt werden kann, daß sich der Werkzeughalter bei Belastung in eine Richtung biegt, die der Biegerichtung des Schenkels des Rahmens entgegengesetzt ist, ohne daß die Stabilität und Stützfunktion des Werkzeughalters dadurch beeinträchtigt wird.The invention is based on the finding that the angle deviation occurring during the joining between the longitudinal axis of the punch and the longitudinal axis of the tool can be influenced by the deformation behavior of the tool holder under load in such a way that the tool holder bends under load in a direction that the Bending direction of the leg of the frame is opposite, without the stability and support function of the tool holder is affected.

Die Erfindung hat den Vorteil, daß sich mit geringem Aufwand eine kleinere Winkelabweichung und damit bessere Fügeergebnisse erzielen lassen. Die Belastung der Fügevorrichtung durch Querkräfte wird geringer und die Standzeit der Fügevorrichtung und der Werkzeuge wird verbessert.The invention has the advantage that can be achieved with little effort, a smaller angular deviation and thus better joining results. The load of the joining device by lateral forces is reduced and the service life of the joining device and the tools is improved.

Um bei einer Fügevorrichtung mit einem Werkzeughaltersatz, der wenigstens zwei Werkzeughalter von verschiedener Länge umfaßt, die gegeneinander auswechselbar sind und ein dem Stempel gegenüber liegendes Werkzeug an dem Rahmen halten und abstützen, zu erreichen, daß die durch Beanspruchung während des Fügens auftretende Winkelabweichung zwischen den Längsachsen von Stempel und Werkzeug von der Position des Werkzeugs in der Fügevorrichtung weitgehend unabhängig ist, ist nach der Erfindung weiterhin vorgesehen, daß die verschiedenen Werkzeughalter des Werkzeughaltersatzes so ausgebildet sind, daß ihre jeweilige elastische Formänderung unter der während des Fügens einwirkenden Belastung eine innerhalb eines vorgegebenen engen Bereichs liegende, maximale Winkelabweichung zwischen der Längsachse des Stempels und der Längsachse des Werkzeugs bewirkt.To hold in a joining device with a tool holder set comprising at least two tool holder of different length, which are interchangeable and support a tool lying opposite the punch on the frame and support, to achieve that occurring due to stress during joining angle deviation between the longitudinal axes of stamp and tool of the Position of the tool in the joining device is largely independent, is further provided according to the invention that the various tool holder of the tool holder set are designed so that their respective elastic deformation under the load applied during joining a lying within a predetermined narrow range, maximum angular deviation between causes the longitudinal axis of the punch and the longitudinal axis of the tool.

Durch gezielte Variation des Formänderungswiderstands, insbesondere des Biegewiderstands können die verschiedenen Werkzeughalter an die sich aus ihrer Länge jeweils ergebende Belastungssituation derart angepaßt werden, daß sich bei jedem Werkzeughalter während des Fügens, gleiche Prozesbedingungen vorausgesetzt, im wesentlichen die gleichen maximalen Winkelabweichungen ergeben.By deliberate variation of the deformation resistance, in particular the bending resistance, the different tool holders can be adapted to the load situation resulting from their length in such a way that given the same process conditions for each tool holder during joining, essentially the same maximum angular deviations result.

Die erforderlichen Kenntnisse und Methoden um das Formänderungsverhalten der Werkzeughalter im Sinne der Erfindung zu beeinflussen stehen dem Fachmann zur Verfügung und können durch empirische Maßnahmen unterstützt werden. So kann beispielsweise nach der Erfindung die Knickneigung eines längeren Werkzeughalters durch geeignete Schwächung seines Querschnitts gefördert werden, um unter Last eine den Werkzeughalter leicht krümmende Formänderung zu bewirken, welche die Formänderung des Rahmens teilweise kompensiert und dadurch die Einhaltung einer vorgegebenen Winkelabweichung ermöglicht. Zweckmäßigerweise wird man im Rahmen der zulässigen Grenzen die Größe der mit den verschiedenen Werkzeughaltern einzuhaltenden Winkelabweichungen so wählen, daß man mit allen Werkzeughaltern den vorgegebenen engen Winkelbereich gut einhalten kann. In der Praxis hat sich gezeigt, daß drei Werkzeughalter verschiedener Länge nach der Erfindung so ausgelegt werden konnten, daß bei einer maximalen Winkelabweichung unter Last und <1° eine Eingrenzung der Abweichungsunterschiede zwischen den einzelnen Werkzeughaltern von <0,1° erreicht werden konnte. Ein Auswechseln der Werkzeughalter gegeneinander blieb also praktisch ohne Einfluß auf die beim Fügen auftretende Winkelabweichung.The necessary Knowledge and methods to influence the deformation behavior of the tool holder in the sense of the invention are available to the person skilled in the art and can be supported by empirical measures. Thus, for example, according to the invention, the bending tendency of a longer tool holder can be promoted by suitable weakening of its cross section to cause under load a tool holder slightly curving shape change, which partially compensates for the change in shape of the frame and thereby allows compliance with a predetermined angular deviation. Conveniently, within the limits allowed, the size of the angular deviations to be maintained with the various tool holders will be selected so that the predetermined narrow angular range can be maintained well with all tool holders. In practice, it has been found that three tool holders of different lengths could be designed according to the invention so that with a maximum angular deflection under load and <1 ° a limitation of the deviation differences between the individual tool holders of <0.1 ° could be achieved. Replacing the tool holder against each other thus remained virtually without influence on the angle deviation occurring during joining.

Nach einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die verschiedenen Werkzeughalter des Werkzeughaltersatzes hinsichtlich ihrer elastischen Formänderung unter der Belastung während des Fügens so ausgebildet sind, daß der Versatz der Fügestelle gegenüber dem Rahmen quer zur Richtung der Fügekraft einen vorgegebenen Maximalwert, insbesondere einen Maximalwert von 1 mm nicht überschreitet. Durch die Einschränkung des Versatzes können Schubkräfte, die das Werkstück, die Fügevorrichtung und ihre Lagerung belasten klein gehalten werden.According to a further proposal of the invention it is provided that the different tool holder of the tool holder set are formed with respect to their elastic deformation under the load during joining so that the offset of the joint relative to the frame transversely to the direction of the joining force a predetermined maximum value, in particular a maximum value of Does not exceed 1 mm. By limiting the offset, thrust loads loading the workpiece, the fixture, and its bearing can be minimized.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung der verschiedenen Werkzeughalter wird durch eine Gestaltung begünstigt, bei der die Werkzeughalter einen einheitlichen Fuß und einen einheitlichen Kopf haben, wobei Kopf und Fuß durch einen verjüngten Bereich miteinander verbunden sind, dessen Formänderung unter Belastung zur Einhaltung der vorgegebenen Winkelabweichung optimiert ist. Vorzugsweise hat der verjüngte Bereich die Form eines Kreiszylinders. Es können jedoch hiervon abweichende Formgestaltungen zweckmäßig sein. Beispielsweise können Teile des Bereiches konisch ausgeführt sein und anstelle eines kreisförmigen Querschnitts können elliptische oder mehreckige Querschnitte vorgesehen sein. Neben der Beeinfußung des Formänderungsverhaltens unter Belastung durch die geometrische Gestaltung der Werkzeughalter kommen auch Maßnahmen zur Veränderung der Festigkeitseigenschaften des Materials in Betracht. So kann beispielsweise durch zonenweise Veränderung der Materialeigenschaften, beispielsweise durch Kaltverfestigung, Härten, Vergüten die gewünschte Formänderungseigenschaft bewirkt werden.The inventive design of the various tool holders is favored by a design in which the tool holder have a single foot and a uniform head, the head and foot are connected by a tapered portion whose shape change is optimized under load to maintain the predetermined angular deviation. Preferably, the tapered portion is in the shape of a circular cylinder. However, it may be appropriate to deviate molding designs. For example, parts of the area may be conical be executed and instead of a circular cross-section elliptical or polygonal cross-sections may be provided. In addition to the influence on the deformation behavior under load due to the geometric design of the tool holder, measures for changing the strength properties of the material are also possible. Thus, for example, by zonewise change in the material properties, for example by strain hardening, hardening, tempering the desired shape change property can be effected.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher beschrieben, die in der Zeichnung dargestellt sind. Es zeigen

Figur 1
eine Ansicht einer Fügevorrichtung nach der Erfindung in übertrieben dargestelltem Verformungszustand,
Figur 2
eine erste Ansicht eines Werkzeughalters von kleiner axialer Länge,
Figur 3
eine zweite Absicht des Werkzeughalters gemäß Figur 2,
Figur 4
eine Ansicht eines Werkzeughalters von mittlerer axialer Länge,
Figur 5
eine Ansicht eines Werkzeughalters von größerer axialer Länge,
Figur 6
einen Rahmen einer Fügevorrichtung mit dem Werkzeughalter gemäß den Figuren 2 und 3,
Figur 7
einen Rahmen einer Fügevorrichtung mit dem Werkzeughalter gemäß Figur 4 und
Figur 8
einen Rahmen einer Fügevorrichtung mit dem Werkzeughalter gemäß Figur 5.
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments, which are illustrated in the drawing. Show it
FIG. 1
a view of a joining device according to the invention in exaggerated deformation state,
FIG. 2
a first view of a tool holder of small axial length,
FIG. 3
a second intention of the tool holder according to FIG. 2 .
FIG. 4
a view of a tool holder of medium axial length,
FIG. 5
a view of a tool holder of greater axial length,
FIG. 6
a frame of a joining device with the tool holder according to the FIGS. 2 and 3 .
FIG. 7
a frame of a joining device with the tool holder according to FIG. 4 and
FIG. 8
a frame of a joining device with the tool holder according to FIG. 5 ,

Figur 1 zeigt eine Fügevorrichtung welche zum Fügen von Blechteilen mittels Stanznieten bestimmt. Die Fügevorrichtung umfaßt einen C-förmigen Rahmen 1, der üblicherweise an dem Gelenkarm eines Industrieroboters angebracht wird, durch den die Fügevorrichtung in die jeweilige Arbeitsposition bewegt werden kann. An dem in der Zeichnung oberen Schenkel 2 des Rahmens 1 ist ein Halter 3 befestigt, der in einer Aufnahmebohrung einen Antrieb 4 mit einem durch diesen in Längsrichtung bewegbaren Stempel 5 trägt. Der Stempel 5 befindet sich innerhalb des Antriebs 4 und hat eine zu seiner Längsachse 6 senkrechte Stirnfläche, die auf den jeweils zu setzenden Stanzniet einwirkt. In dem Ende des Antriebes 4, das dem zweiten Schenkel 7 des Rahmens 1 zugewandt ist, befindet sich eine Ladeeinrichtung 8, welche einem Zuführschlauch 9 einzeln zugeführte Stanznieten in eine Setzhülse 10 lädt, in der sie vor der Stirnfläche des Stempels 5 für den nächsten Fügevorgang bereit gehalten werden. An dem Schenkel 7 des Rahmens 1 ist dem Antrieb 4 gegenüber liegend ein Werkzeughalter 12 angeordnet, der an seinem freien Ende ein Werkzeug 13 trägt, an dem sich die Werkstücke beim Fügen abstützen und das auf die Werkstücke umformend einwirkt. Der Werkzeughalter 12 sorgt durch seine axiale Länge dafür, daß das Werkzeug 13 sich in einem Abstand von dem Schenkel 7 befindet und ermöglicht dadurch das Fügen von Werkstücken, bei denen die Anlagestelle für das Werkzeug 13 versenkt angeordnet ist. Das Werkzeug 13 hat eine Längsachse 14, die bei unbelastetem Rahmen mit der Längsachse 6 des Stempels 5 zusammenfällt. Die beim Fügen mit dem Werkstück in Kontakt kommende Fläche des Werkzeugs 13 ist als Rotationsfläche um die Längsachse 14 ausgebildet. FIG. 1 shows a joining device which determines the joining of sheet metal parts by means of punch rivets. The joining device comprises a C-shaped frame 1, which is usually attached to the articulated arm of an industrial robot, by means of which the joining device can be moved into the respective working position. At the upper leg 2 of the frame 1 in the drawing a holder 3 is fixed, which carries in a receiving bore a drive 4 with a longitudinally movable through this punch 5. The punch 5 is located inside the drive 4 and has an end face perpendicular to its longitudinal axis 6, which acts on the punch rivet to be set in each case. In the end of the drive 4, which faces the second leg 7 of the frame 1, there is a loading device 8 which loads a feed tube 9 individually supplied punch rivets in a setting sleeve 10, in which they are in front of the end face of the punch 5 for the next joining operation be kept ready. On the leg 7 of the frame 1, the drive 4 opposite a tool holder 12 is arranged, which carries at its free end a tool 13, on which the workpieces are supported during the joining and acting on the workpieces reshaping. The tool holder 12 ensures by its axial length that the tool 13 is located at a distance from the leg 7 and thereby allows the joining of workpieces, in which the contact point for the tool 13 is arranged sunk. The tool 13 has a longitudinal axis 14, which coincides with unloaded frame with the longitudinal axis 6 of the punch 5. The surface of the tool 13 coming into contact with the workpiece during joining is designed as a surface of revolution about the longitudinal axis 14.

In Figur 1 ist der unbelastete Zustand des Rahmens 1 durch gestrichelte Linien angedeutet. Die ausgezogenen Linien zeigen, zur Verdeutlichung stark übertrieben, die Fügevorrichtung bei starker Belastung, wie sie in der Endphase beim Setzen von Stanznieten auftritt. Hierbei biegen sich beide Schenkel 37 des Rahmens 1 auseinander und verursachen dadurch eine Lageänderung des Antriebs 4 und des Werkzeugs 13 dergestalt, daß die Längsachsen 6, 14 nicht mehr zusammenfallen, sondern in ihrer Winkellage von einander abweichen und miteinander einen Winkel α bilden, der der Summe der Winkelabweichungen beider Längsachsen entspricht. Der Winkel α ist gleichzeitig der Winkel, den die Stirnflächen von Stempel 5 und Werkzeug 13 bei diesem Belastungszustand miteinander bilden. Er wird daher auch Spreizwinkel genannt, da er angibt, in welchem Maß die Stirnflächen von Stempel und Werkzeug auseinander gespreizt sind. Diese Spreizung überträgt sich beim Fügeprozeß auf die Werkstücke und führt zu ungleichmäßiger Verformung der Fügestelle und damit verbunden zu einer mehr oder weniger starken Beeinträchtigung ihrer Haltbarkeit. Grundsätzlich ist man daher bestrebt, diese Spreizung und damit die Winkelabweichung der Längsachsen von Stempel 5 und Werkzeug 13 möglichst klein zu halten. Beschränkungen hinsichtlich Größe und Gewicht der Fügevorrichtung setzen hier aber Grenzen. Eine minimale Spreizung beziehungsweise Winkelabweichung in der Größenordnung von <1° kann in der Regel hingenommen werden. Um den Spreizwinkel ohne aufwendige Veränderungen des Rahmens auf einen solchen Wert reduzieren zu können, ist nach der Erfindung der Werkzeughalter so ausgebildet, daß er durch die Belastung beim Fügen eine elastische Formänderung erfährt, welche die Spreizung der Schenkel des Rahmens zumindest teilweise kompensiert. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, daß der Werkzeughalter in seiner Mitte mit einem verjüngten Bereich von geringerer Steifigkeit versehen ist, der so ausgelegt ist, daß der Werkzeughalter bei Belastung sich nach Art einer Knickung in einer Richtung verformt, die eine Verringerung der Spreizung an den Stirnflächen von Stempel und Werkzeug bewirkt.In FIG. 1 the unloaded state of the frame 1 is indicated by dashed lines. The solid lines show, for clarity greatly exaggerated, the joining device under heavy load, as occurs in the final phase when setting punch rivets. Here, both legs bend 37 of the frame 1 apart and thereby cause a change in position of the drive 4 and the tool 13 such that the longitudinal axes 6, 14 no longer coincide, but differ in their angular position of each other and form an angle α with each other, the Sum of the angular deviations of both longitudinal axes corresponds. The angle α is also the angle that the faces of the punch 5 and tool 13 in this Form load condition with each other. It is therefore also called spread angle, since it indicates the extent to which the faces of the punch and tool are spread apart. This spread is transferred to the workpieces in the joining process and leads to uneven deformation of the joint and, associated therewith, to a more or less severe impairment of their durability. In principle, therefore, it is desirable to keep this spread and thus the angular deviation of the longitudinal axes of the punch 5 and tool 13 as small as possible. Limitations in terms of size and weight of the joining device but set limits. A minimum spread or angle deviation in the order of <1 ° can be tolerated in the rule. In order to reduce the spread angle without costly changes of the frame to such a value, according to the invention, the tool holder is designed so that it undergoes an elastic deformation due to the load during joining, which at least partially compensates for the spreading of the legs of the frame. This is achieved in that the tool holder is provided in its center with a tapered region of lesser rigidity, which is designed so that the tool holder deforms under load in the manner of a buckling in a direction which reduces the spread on the end faces of Stamp and tool causes.

Aus Figur 1 ist weiterhin zu ersehen, daß die elastische Formänderung des Rahmens 1 infolge der Belastung während des Fügens zu einem Versatz x der Fügestelle quer zur Richtung der Fügekraft führt. Der Versatz x verursacht eine Belastung des Antriebs 4 und der Halterungen des Rahmens 1 durch Querkräfte und muß daher möglichst klein bleiben. Durch die nach der Erfindung erfolgende Ausbildung des elastischen Formänderungsverhaltens des Werkzeughalters bei Belastung kann auch der Versatz x auf einen vorteilhaft kleinen Wert begrenzt werden.Out FIG. 1 Furthermore, it can be seen that the elastic deformation of the frame 1 due to the load during the joining leads to an offset x of the joint transversely to the direction of the joining force. The offset x causes a load on the drive 4 and the brackets of the frame 1 by lateral forces and must therefore remain as small as possible. By taking place according to the invention forming the elastic deformation behavior of the tool holder under load and the offset x can be limited to an advantageously small value.

In den Figuren 2 und 3 ist ein Werkzeughalter 20 gezeigt, der ein geeignetes elastisches Formänderungsverhalten hat. Der Werkzeughalter 20 hat einen plattenförmigen Fuß 21 mit einer ebenen Bodenfläche 22, die zur Abstützung auf dem Schenkel des Rahmens dient. Der Fuß 21 hat einen hinteren, flacheren Abschnitt 23 mit einer Befestigungsbohrung 24 und einen vorderen, höheren Abschnitt 25, der einen Kopf 26 trägt. Der flachere Abschnitt 23 geht stetig in den Höheren Abschnitt 25 über. Zwischen dem höheren Abschnitt 25 und dem Kopf 26 befindet sich ein eingeschnürter Bereich 27, der so bemessen ist, daß der Kopf 26 mit zunehmender Belastung in der Fügevorrichtung sich geringfügig in Richtung des flacheren Abschnitts 23 neigt und dadurch die durch Spreizung des Rahmens verursachte Winkelabweichung des vom Kopf 26 getragenen Werkzeugs verringert.In the FIGS. 2 and 3 a tool holder 20 is shown which has a suitable elastic deformation behavior. The tool holder 20 has a plate-shaped base 21 with a flat bottom surface 22 which serves to support on the leg of the frame. The foot 21 has a rear, flatter portion 23 with a mounting hole 24 and a front, higher portion 25, a head 26th wearing. The flatter section 23 merges steadily into the higher section 25. Between the higher portion 25 and the head 26 is a constricted portion 27 which is dimensioned so that the head 26 tends with increasing load in the joining device in the direction of the flatter portion 23 and thereby caused by spreading of the frame angle deviation of reduced by the head 26 tool.

Der Werkzeughalter 20 hat eine Bohrung 28, die den Kopf 26, den Bereich 27 und den Abschnitt 25 senkrecht zur Bodenfläche 22 durchdringt. Im Kopf 26 dient die Bohrung 28 zur Aufnahme eines Haltezapfens eines auf den Kopf aufgesetzten Fügewerkzeugs. Der im Fuß 21 befindliche Teil der Bohrung 28 nimmt einen Zentrierzapfen auf, mit dem der Werkzeughalter 20 an dem Schenkel des Rahmens koaxial zum Stempel des Antriebs zentriert wird. Eine seitliche Gewindebohrung 29 im Kopf 26 ist zur Aufnahme einer Klemmschraube bestimmt, mit welcher der Zapfen des Werkzeugs in der Bohrung 28 festgeklemmt wird. In die Bohrung 28 mündet weiterhin eine Schrägbohrung 30, durch die ein Lösewerkzeug zum Lösen des Fügewerkzeugs eingeführt werden kann.The tool holder 20 has a bore 28 which penetrates the head 26, the region 27 and the portion 25 perpendicular to the bottom surface 22. In the head 26, the bore 28 serves to receive a retaining pin of a mounted on the head joining tool. The located in the foot 21 part of the bore 28 receives a centering pin, with which the tool holder 20 is centered on the leg of the frame coaxial with the punch of the drive. A lateral threaded bore 29 in the head 26 is intended to receive a clamping screw, with which the pin of the tool is clamped in the bore 28. In the bore 28 further opens a helical bore 30 through which a release tool for releasing the joining tool can be introduced.

Figur 4 zeigt einen Werkzeughalter 40 von im Vergleich zum Werkzeughalter 20 und zu dem in Figur 5 gezeigten Werkzeughalter 50 mittlerer Länge. Der Werkzeughalter 40 hat einen Fuß 41 und einen Kopf 46. Der Fuß 41 stimmt in Form und Größe mit dem Fuß 21 und der Kopf 46 in Form und Größe mit dem Kopf 26 überein. Die größere axiale Länge des Werkzeughalters 40 beruht allein auf der größeren Länge eines sich zwischen Fuß 41 und Kopf 46 erstreckenden verjüngten zylindrischen Bereichs 47. Die Steifigkeit des Bereichs 47 ist hierbei so auf die axiale Länge des Werkzeughalters 40 abgestimmt, daß unter der im Fügewerkzeug auf den Werkzeughalter 40 einwirkenden Belastung der Kopf 46 eine Lageänderung erfährt, welche die durch die Spreizung des Rahmens verursachte Winkelabweichung teilweise ausgleicht. FIG. 4 shows a tool holder 40 of compared to the tool holder 20 and the in FIG. 5 shown tool holder 50 medium length. The tool holder 40 has a foot 41 and a head 46. The foot 41 is in shape and size with the foot 21 and the head 46 in shape and size with the head 26 match. The greater axial length of the tool holder 40 is based solely on the greater length of an extending between foot 41 and head 46 tapered cylindrical portion 47. The stiffness of the region 47 is in this case matched to the axial length of the tool holder 40, that under the in the joining tool on the tool holder 40 acting load the head 46 undergoes a change in position, which partially compensates for the angular deviation caused by the spread of the frame.

Der Werkzeughalter 50 in Figur 5 stimmt ebenfalls hinsichtlich seines Fußes 51 und seines Kopfes 56 mit den Werkzeughaltern 20 und 40 überein. Sein mittlerer, verjüngter Bereich 57 ist etwa doppelt so lang wie der Bereich 47 des Werkzeughalters 40 und in seinem Formänderungsverhalten an die bei dieser axialen Länge des Werkzeughalters sich ergebenen Anforderungen angeglichen.The tool holder 50 in FIG. 5 also agrees with the tool holders 20 and 40 with respect to his foot 51 and his head 56. Its central, tapered region 57 is approximately twice as long as the region 47 of the tool holder 40 and adapted in its shape change behavior to the requirements arising at this axial length of the tool holder requirements.

Die Werkzeughalter 20, 40, 50 bilden gemeinsam einen Werkzeughalterersatz, der für die Verwendung in einer bestimmten Fügevorrichtung ausgelegt ist. Die Auslegung ist dabei so erfolgt, daß alle drei Werkzeughalter 20, 40, 50 im Fügewerkzeug bei gleicher Beanspruchung die gleiche Winkelabweichung zwischen den Längsachsen von Stempel und Werkzeug, d.h. den gleichen Spreizwinkel α erzeugen.The tool holders 20, 40, 50 together form a tool holder replacement which is designed for use in a specific joining device. The design is carried out so that all three tool holder 20, 40, 50 in the joining tool at the same stress the same angular deviation between the longitudinal axes of the punch and tool, i. generate the same spread angle α.

Die Verwendung des Werkeughaltersatzes wird anhand der Figuren 6 bis 8 kurz erläutert. Alle drei Figuren zeigen den Rahmen 1 der anhand von Figur 1 beschriebenen Fügevorrichtung in unbelastetem Zustand. In Figur 6 ist an dem Schenkel 7 des Rahmens 1 der kurze Werkzeughalter 20 angebracht. Der mit dem Schenkel 2 verbundene Halter 3, der auf Umschlag montiert werden kann, befindet sich in einer ersten Stellung, in der sein den Antrieb aufnehmender Abschnitt einen kleineren Abstand vom Schenkel 7 hat. Bei dieser Anordnung ist zwischen dem Kopf des Werkzeughalters 20 und dem Halter 3 ein Abstand L 1 vorhanden.The use of the tool holder set is based on the FIGS. 6 to 8 briefly explained. All three figures show the frame 1 of the basis of FIG. 1 described joining device in unloaded condition. In FIG. 6 is attached to the leg 7 of the frame 1 of the short tool holder 20. The connected to the leg 2 holder 3, which can be mounted on the envelope, is in a first position in which the drive receiving portion has a smaller distance from the leg 7. In this arrangement, a distance L 1 is present between the head of the tool holder 20 and the holder 3.

Bei dem in Figur 7 gezeigten Beispiel ist der Werkzeughalter 20 durch den Werkzeughalter 40 ersetzt. Hierdurch verringert sich der Abstand zwischen dem Kopf des Werkzeughalters 20 und dem Halter 3 auf den kleineren Abstand L2.At the in FIG. 7 As shown, the tool holder 20 is replaced by the tool holder 40. This reduces the distance between the head of the tool holder 20 and the holder 3 to the smaller distance L2.

Figur 8 zeigt eine Ausgestaltung, bei welcher der Halter 3 in der zweiten Position montiert ist, in der sein Aufnahmeabschnitt einen größeren Abstand von dem Schenkel 7 des Rahmens 1 hat. Am Schenkel 7 ist der lange Werkzeughalter 50 angebracht, dessen größere Länge den größeren Abstand des Halters 3 ausgleicht, so daß der Abstand zwischen dem Kopf des Werkzeughalters 50 und dem Halter 3 wiederum gleich L2 ist. FIG. 8 shows an embodiment in which the holder 3 is mounted in the second position in which its receiving portion has a greater distance from the leg 7 of the frame 1. On the leg 7 of the long tool holder 50 is mounted, whose greater length compensates for the greater distance of the holder 3, so that the distance between the head of the tool holder 50 and the holder 3 is again equal to L2.

Jedes der in den Figuren 6 bis 8 gezeigten Beispielen ist für einen anderen Anwendungsfall gedacht und optimal. Insgesamt ermöglichen die drei Werkzeughalter 20, 40, 50 in Verbindung mit den zwei Montagepositionen des Halters 3 sechs Gestaltungsvariationen. Mit Hilfe der erfindungsgemäßen Auslegung des Verformungsverhaltens der drei Werkzeughalter läßt sich bei allen sechs Gestaltungsvariationen der Spreizwinkel auf einen kleinen Wert bringen, der von Variation zu Variation sich nur in geringem Maße ändert.Each of the in the FIGS. 6 to 8 shown examples is intended for another application and optimal. Overall, the three tool holders 20, 40, 50 in conjunction with the two mounting positions of the holder 3 allow six design variations. With the help of the inventive design of the deformation behavior of three tool holders can be brought to a small value for all six design variations of the spread angle, which varies only slightly from variation to variation.

Claims (5)

  1. Joining device for deformational joining with a frame that is open on one side, with a drive arranged on the frame (1) having a movable punch (5), and with a tool holder (20, 40, 50) which supports a tool (13) opposite the punch (5) on the frame, characterized in that the tool holder (20, 40, 50) has in its center a narrowed region (27, 47, 57) of reduced stiffness which is designed such that the tool holder (20, 40, 50) under load deforms in a buckling manner in a direction that at least partially compensates for the spreading of the frame (1) on the tool (13).
  2. Joining device according to claim 1, characterized in that the narrowed region (27, 47, 57) of the tool holder (20, 40, 50) is designed such that, with increasing loading during joining, it experiences an elastic deformation which causes a load-dependent offset of the joint relative to the frame transverse to the direction of the joining force to be reduced.
  3. Joining device according to one of the preceding claims having a tool holder set comprising at least two tool holders (20, 40, 50) of different lengths that hold and support on the frame (1) a tool (13) located opposite the punch (5) and that are interchangeable, characterized in that the narrowed regions (27, 47, 57) of the different tool holders (20, 40, 50) of the tool holder set are designed such that their respective elastic deformation under the loading that acts during joining produces a maximum angular deviation between the longitudinal axis of the punch (5) and the longitudinal axis of the tool (13) wherein said angular deviation lies within a predefined narrow range for all tool holders (20, 40, 50) of the tool set.
  4. Joining device according to claim 3, characterized in that the tool holders (20, 40, 50) of the tool holder set have a uniform base (21, 41, 51) and a uniform head (26, 46, 56), wherein the head and base are joined together by the narrowed region (27, 47, 57) whose deformation under load is optimized to satisfy the predefined angular deviation.
  5. Joining device according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the narrowed regions (27, 47, 57) of the different tool holders (20, 40, 50) of the tool holder set are designed with respect to their elastic deformation under load during joining such that the offset of the joint relative to the frame (1) transverse to the direction of the joining force does not exceed a predefined maximum value.
EP06120237A 2005-09-09 2006-09-06 Apparatus for joining by plastic deformation Active EP1762315B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005043211A DE102005043211A1 (en) 2005-09-09 2005-09-09 Joining device for forming joining

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1762315A1 EP1762315A1 (en) 2007-03-14
EP1762315B1 true EP1762315B1 (en) 2010-03-03

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EP06120237A Active EP1762315B1 (en) 2005-09-09 2006-09-06 Apparatus for joining by plastic deformation

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US (1) US7971335B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1762315B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5048289B2 (en)
DE (2) DE102005043211A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2339585T3 (en)

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EP3094443B1 (en) * 2014-01-16 2022-07-13 Atlas Copco IAS UK Limited Spot-joining apparatus and method
JP6380708B1 (en) * 2017-02-06 2018-08-29 日本精工株式会社 Frame structure, processing apparatus, part manufacturing method, rolling bearing manufacturing method, vehicle manufacturing method, machine manufacturing method and press apparatus

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE502006006316D1 (en) 2010-04-15
EP1762315A1 (en) 2007-03-14
JP5048289B2 (en) 2012-10-17
US20070056153A1 (en) 2007-03-15
JP2007075894A (en) 2007-03-29
DE102005043211A1 (en) 2007-03-15
ES2339585T3 (en) 2010-05-21
US7971335B2 (en) 2011-07-05

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