EP1761726B1 - Lantern for emitting a warning signal in a circular manner - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a lantern comprising a base body (1), an annular shaped support element (10) and an internal and external belt optical system (16, 2). Illuminating means are arranged in an annular manner on the support element (10) which comprises a belt reflector (17, 18). Each illuminating means (15) emits light in relation to the axis of the lantern (14) in a radial manner towards the outside in an solid angle area, which covers a polar angle (δ), in relation to the lantern axis (14), which is considerably greater than a desired polar angle area (ß), wherein the warning signal is emitted about an average polar direction (α). The light emitted by the illuminating means (15) transverses the belt optical system (16, 2) either without hitting the belt reflector (17, 18), or after being reflected by the belt reactor (17, 18) in a radial manner towards the outside. Illuminating means (15), the belt reactor (17, 18) and a belt optical system (2, 16) are adapted in relation to each other such that the total light, exiting from the external belt optical system (2) within the desired polar angle area (β), is emitted in a polar direction about the average polar direction (α).

Description

• wobei auf dem Tragelement ringförmig verteilt eine Anzahl von Leuchtmitteln angeordnet ist,
• wobei jedes der Leuchtmittel Licht bezüglich der Laternenachse nach radial außen in einem Raumwinkelbereich abstrahlt, der um die Laternenachse herum einen Azimutwinkel überdeckt, der erheblich kleiner als 360° ist, und relativ zur Laternenachse einen Polarwinkel überdeckt, der erheblich größer als ein Sollpolarwinkelbereich ist, in dem das Warnsignal um eine Mittelpolarrichtung herum abgestrahlt werden soll,
• wobei Licht, das von den Leuchtmitteln relativ zur Laternenachse in einem die Mittelpolarrichtung enthaltenden zentralen Polarwinkelbereich abgestrahlt wird, (Zentrallicht) durch die äußere Gürteloptik hindurch tritt,
• wobei die Anordnung der Leuchtmittel auf dem Tragelement, die Anordnung des Tragelements und der äußeren Gürteloptik sowie die Ausbildung der äußeren Gürteloptik derart aufeinander abgestimmt sind, dass das von den Leuchtmitteln abgestrahlte Zentrallicht nach dem Austreten aus der äußeren Gürteloptik in Polarrichtung innerhalb des Sollpolarwinkelbereichs abgestrahlt wird.

The present invention relates to a lantern for broadcasting a warning signal around a lantern axis, having a base body which can be fastened to a mounting location and an optical basic arrangement which has an annular support element and an outer drum optical system,

• wherein a number of light sources are arranged distributed on the support element in an annular manner,
• wherein each of the bulbs radiates light relative to the lantern axis radially outward in a solid angle region covering an azimuthal angle substantially less than 360 ° about the lantern axis and covering a polar angle substantially greater than a nominal polar angle range relative to the lantern axis the warning signal should be radiated around a central polar direction,
• wherein light emitted from the bulbs relative to the lantern axis in a central polar angle region containing the center polarity passes through the outer bulb optical system (central light),
• wherein the arrangement of the bulbs on the support member, the arrangement of the support member and the outer drum optics and the formation of the outer drum optics are coordinated such that the light emitted by the bulbs central light is emitted after exiting the outer drum optics in the polar direction within the desired polar angle range.

Such a lantern is from the DE-U-203 05 625 known to the applicant.

The well-known lantern is already working very well. In particular, in a relatively simple construction, it has superior waterproofness and high mechanical reliability and ruggedness.

The bulbs of the known lantern are conventional 5 mm light-emitting diodes, which have a beam opening angle of about 30 ° due to an integrated into the LEDs optics. When using such light-emitting diodes can usually reach a luminous intensity of the lantern of about 150 to 200 candela.

In order to comply with international aviation regulations, lanterns must achieve significantly higher luminous intensities. This is no longer easily accomplished with conventional light emitting diodes.

Recently, new high-performance LEDs are available on the market, which emit a significantly larger amount of light than the previously used light-emitting diodes. However, these high-performance LEDs have a radiation characteristic of about 180 °. They radiate their light thus essentially hemispherical. If such high-performance light-emitting diodes were used in the known lantern, a non-negligible part of the light would be emitted outside the desired polar-angle range.

From the US-A-2003/072150 is a lantern for Rundumabstrahlen a warning signal around a lantern axis around known, which has an attachable to a mounting base body and an optical base assembly, wherein the optical base assembly comprises an annular support member and a belt optics. On the support element is distributed annularly a number of bulbs arranged. The support element carries among other things the belt optics. Each of the bulbs radiates light relative to the lantern axis radially outward into a solid angle range which covers an azimuth angle substantially less than 360 ° around the lantern axis and covers a polar angle substantially greater than a desired polar angle range relative to the lantern axis the warning signal should be radiated around a Mittelpolarrichtung around. Light emitted from the bulbs relative to the lantern axis in a central polar angle region containing the center polar direction (center light) passes through the drum optical system. The center light includes light emitted in a polar center region including the center polar direction (inner central light) and light emitted in two polar outer regions adjacent to the polar central region in the polar direction on each side (outer central light). The outer center light strikes a belt reflector, which is part of the belt optics between entering the belt optics and exiting the belt optics. There it is reflected. After this Passing through the belt optics, the light still passes through an outer cover, which, however, no longer influences the emission characteristic of the light. The arrangement of the lamps and the drum optics on the support member and the formation of the belt optics (including the belt reflector) are coordinated such that the light is emitted after exiting the belt optics in the polar direction within the desired polar angle range around the Mittelpolarrichtung.

From the US-A-1,888,995 is a headlight known. The headlight has an inner reflector, an outer reflector and an optic. The inner reflector is part of the optics. On the optical axis of the headlamp, a light source is arranged, which emits light substantially on all sides. Light emitted from the illuminant relative to the optical axis in a central angle region containing the optical axis passes through the optic without first meeting one of the reflectors. Light which is emitted by the light source in a medium angle range, first enters the optics, then strikes the inner reflector of the optics, where it is reflected in a direction which is substantially parallel to the optical axis, and then exits from the Optics out. The middle angle range is adjacent to the central angle range. Light emitted from the illuminant in an outer angular range is first reflected by the outer reflector in a direction substantially parallel to the optical axis. Then it passes through the optics. The outer angular range adjoins the middle angle range. The arrangement of the luminous means, the reflectors and the optics is matched to one another in such a way that the entire light emitted by the luminous means is emitted by the headlight into a small angular range around the optical axis.

The object of the present invention is to develop a lantern in which the novel high-performance light-emitting diodes can be used efficiently.

The object is achieved by a lantern with the features of claim 1.

If the arrangement of the lamps and the belt reflector on the support element and the formation of the belt reflector are matched to one another such that the outside light impinges on the inner drum optical system as a light beam that is parallel or slightly diverging in the polar direction, a radially relatively compact construction of the lamp is possible.

When the inner drum optical system is formed so that the outer light emerges as a polarization-parallel or slightly converging light beam from the inner drum optical system, this structure can be made even more compact.

Preferably, therefore, the inner drum optical system is formed in an inner central region in which it is penetrated by both the outer light and the outer central light, such that the polar direction of the outer light is not changed substantially by it or the outer light is refracted from it in the Mittelpolarrichtung becomes.

The inner drum optical system is preferably formed in an inner interior region in which it is penetrated exclusively by the inner central light such that the inner central light does not intersect with the outer light, even in the outer drum optical system. Because this is the inner central light of the outer drum optics independent of the outside light and also influenced independently of the outer central light.

For example, the inner drum optical system in the inner inner region may be formed as a polar-looking condenser lens, so that the inner central light is refracted from it in the Mittelpolarrichtung.

For the reasons mentioned above, the outer drum optical system has an outer interior area in which it is penetrated exclusively by the inner central light. In this outer inner region, the outer drum optical system is preferably formed as a ring of uniform thickness. Alternatively, it may be formed as a weak polar-acting lens. A preferred embodiment is a polar-acting diverging lens. In any case, however, the outer drum optical system should be designed in such a way that the inner central light emerging from the outer drum optical system diverges in the polar direction, but at the same time covers the nominal polar angular range as much as possible.

The inner center light should preferably cover at least 80% of the desired polar angle range. Because then there is a relatively uniform illumination of the entire Sollpolarwinkelbereichs. This is the case because the bulbs emit their light in a large solid angle range, the direct radiation to the outside radially but stronger than the radiation to the side.

The inner drum optical system is further preferably formed in an inner outer region in which it is penetrated exclusively by the outer central light, so that the outer central light is refracted from it in the Mittelpolarrichtung. This measure again promotes the compactness of the structure of the lantern according to the invention. The appropriate design of the inner drum optics is possible because this area of the inner drum optics is not penetrated by other light. Depending on the configuration of the inner drum optical system in the inner outer region, either only the interface of the inner drum optical system to the outer drum optical system or both the interface to the lighting means and to the outer drum optical system can be adapted accordingly.

In order to allow the greatest possible flexibility in the beam influencing by the outer drum optics, the outer central light should, as far as it is from the inner outer area is, after exiting the inner drum optics be a substantially parallel or slightly divergent light beam in the polar direction.

Preferably, the first outer outer region is formed such that the outer central light is refracted by it in the polar direction in the central polar direction, so that the outer central light emerging from the outer drum optics diverges in the polar direction, but at the maximum covers the desired polar angle range.

The outer central light, which originates from the inner outer region of the inner drum optical system, which has been penetrated exclusively by the outer central light, preferably penetrates the outer drum optical system in a second outer outer region, which is penetrated only by the outer central light, but not by the inner central light or the outer light , The first outer outer region and the second outer outer region are different from each other. Again, an individual embodiment of this second outer exterior area is thus possible again. Also, the second outer outer region may therefore be formed such that the outer central light is broken from it in the polar direction to the central polar direction, so that the outer central light emerging from the outer drum optics diverges in the polar direction, but covers a maximum of the desired polar angle range.

The outer drum optical system must also have a relatively large radial thickness in order to deflect the outer central light in the polar direction completely into the desired polar angle range around the central polar direction. In order to reduce this thickness, it is possible, for example, to form the outer drum optical system as a Fresnel optical system, at least in its outer outer regions.

The outside light preferably penetrates the outer drum optical system in an outer central region, which is penetrated only by the external light, but not also by the inner or outer central light. For this is again the external drum optics with respect to the outside light regardless of the influence of the inner and / or outer central light for the external light optimized. Preferably, the outer drum optical system for this purpose - analogous to the outer inner region - as a ring of uniform thickness or alternatively formed as a weak polar-acting lens, where appropriate, the formation is preferred as a diverging lens.

• dass das ringförmige Tragelement aus einem Oberteil, einem Unterteil und einem Mittelteil besteht,
• dass das Oberteil und das Unterteil durch das Mittelteil in einem definierten Abstand voneinander gehalten sind,
• dass das Oberteil und das Unterteil ringförmige Elemente, insbesondere Drehteile, sind,
• dass das Oberteil und/oder das Unterteil einen Bereich aufweisen, der dem jeweils anderen Teil zugewandt ist und spiegelnd ausgebildet ist,
• dass die spiegelnden Bereiche in ihrer Gesamtheit den Gürtelreflektor bilden und
• dass die Leuchtmittel auf dem Mittelteil angeordnet sind.

With regard to the mechanical construction of the lantern is preferred

• the annular support element consists of an upper part, a lower part and a middle part,
• that the upper part and the lower part are held by the middle part at a defined distance from each other,
• that the upper part and the lower part are annular elements, in particular turned parts,
• that the upper part and / or the lower part have a region which faces the respective other part and is designed to be reflective,
• that the reflecting areas in their entirety form the belt reflector and
• that the lighting means are arranged on the central part.

Because then the support element is simple. Further, during assembly of the support member forcibly an internal adjustment of the individual elements of the support element. The adjustment relative to the outer drum optics and - if the inner drum optics should not also be held by the support member - possibly also relative to the inner drum optics can be effected via adjusting elements, as in the DE-U-203 05 625 on whose pages 14 and 15 in connection with its Figure 3 is described.

The inner drum optical system is preferably arranged between the upper part and the lower part. Because this is on the one hand a more compact design of the lantern possible. On the other hand, fewer items are needed. Furthermore, thereby a simple adjustment of the inner drum optical system is possible relative to the support element.

The inner drum optical system is preferably mounted floating both to the upper part and the lower part. This avoids mechanical stresses in the inner drum optics, which otherwise could influence the optical properties of the inner drum optics and also lead to mechanical damage in the inner drum optics.

As a rule, the upper part and the lower part are identical. In individual cases, it may also be useful to form the upper part and the lower part different from each other. In particular, it may be useful in a particular case for selectively influencing the emission characteristics, only one of the two parts, so either only the upper part or only the lower part, reflective form. In this case, the other part is preferably designed to absorb light. For example, in this case, the other part may be provided with a light-absorbing layer, in particular be black anodized. Which of the two parts is designed to be reflective and which absorbs light depends on the specific circumstances of the individual case, in particular the desired radiation characteristic.

It may be advantageous to separate the light paths of the individual lamps in the tangential direction from each other and to arrange for this purpose on the support element between each two bulbs each a divider which extends in the radial direction of the bulbs to the inner drum optical system. These dividers are preferably designed to absorb light. However, they could also be designed to be light-reflecting in the case of a sufficiently complex configuration of the separating webs.

In the event that only one of the two parts of the upper part and lower part is designed to be reflective and the other part is designed to absorb light, the light-absorbing part preferably has corresponding separating web receiving grooves for receiving the separating webs. Preferably, the partitions in the receiving part are held and / or glued by a press fit and slightly spaced from the other of the two parts in the axial direction.

If the base body has a support flange and a cover and the optical basic arrangement is arranged between the support flange and the cover, the tightness of the lantern is particularly easy to ensure.

• Die Leuchtmittel sind über das Tragelement thermisch an den Auflageflansch und/oder Deckel angekoppelt.
• Am Auflageflansch und/oder Deckel sind Kühlkörper angeordnet, mittels derer in den Leuchtmitteln entstehende Verlustwärme an die Umgebung abgebbar ist.

The support element is preferably electrically isolated from the base body. Because then the lantern works in continuous operation particularly reliable. To achieve this electrical insulation, existing layers may be arranged, for example, both in the radial direction and in the axial direction between the support element and the main body of electrically insulating materials. In order nevertheless to enable a good dissipation of the heat loss generated by the lamps during operation of the lantern, the following configuration is preferably provided:

• The lamps are thermally coupled via the support element to the support flange and / or cover.
• At the support flange and / or cover heatsink are arranged by means of which in the bulbs resulting heat loss can be delivered to the environment.

Because then particularly bright bulbs can be used.

The luminous intensity of the lantern according to the invention can be further increased if the lantern has at least one optical additional arrangement which is designed as well as the basic optical arrangement, and the optical arrangements are arranged one above the other in the direction of the lantern axis.

If, in this case, the optical basic arrangement is held in the direction of the lantern axis at a defined distance from the support flange and the optical additional arrangement is held in the direction of the lantern axis at a defined distance from the cover, the adjustment of the optical arrangements is simpler. This is especially true when an elastic spacer is disposed between the support members of the optical assemblies.

If at least the outer drum optical systems of the optical arrangements are integrally connected to each other and are mounted between the support flange and the lid, the structural design of the inventive lantern designed easier, since then fewer items are required.

Figur 1

eine Laterne in der Seitenansicht,

Figur 2

die Laterne von Figur 1 im Schnitt,

Figur 3

ein Detail von Figur 2,

Figur 4

das Prinzip der Beeinflussung der Abstrahlcharakteristik der Leuchtmittel,

Figur 5

eine ergänzende Darstellung zu Figur 4,

Figur 6

eine äußere Gürteloptik in einer alternativen Ausgestaltung,

Figur 7

eine Abwandlung von Figur 4,

Figur 8

eine Abwandlung von Figur 3,

Figur 9

eine Draufsicht auf einen Sektor eines Unterteils,

Figur 10

einen Sektor eines Tragelements in der Draufsicht,

Figur 11

einen Schnitt durch Figur 6 längs der Linie VII - VII in Figur 6,

Figur 12

ein Prinzipschaltbild und

Figur 13

einen Teil einer weiteren Laterne im Schnitt.

Further advantages and details emerge from the following description of an embodiment in conjunction with the drawings. This show in a schematic representation

FIG. 1

a lantern in side view,

FIG. 2

the lantern of Figure 1 in section,

FIG. 3

a detail of Figure 2,

FIG. 4

the principle of influencing the radiation characteristic of the lamps,

FIG. 5

a supplementary view to FIG. 4,

FIG. 6

an outer drum optic in an alternative embodiment,

FIG. 7

a modification of Figure 4,

FIG. 8

a modification of Figure 3,

FIG. 9

a top view of a sector of a lower part,

FIG. 10

a sector of a support element in plan view,

FIG. 11

a section through Figure 6 along the line VII - VII in Figure 6,

FIG. 12

a schematic diagram and

FIG. 13

a part of another lantern on average.

The lantern according to the invention is similar in design to the lantern of the DE-U-203 05 625 , In addition to the following statements regarding the inventive design of the lantern is therefore - in addition to always - especially with respect to the mechanical-constructive basic structure of the lantern - always the same DE-U-203 05 625 to bring with.

In the following, in conjunction with FIGS. 1 and 2, the basic principles of the lantern of FIG DE-U-203 05 625 as far as they are important for the understanding of the present invention. Regarding detail supplements and detail configurations can, as already mentioned, always on the DE-U-203 05 625 be resorted to, as far as the statements made there do not contradict the following description of the inventive lantern.

According to FIGS. 1 and 2, the lantern according to the invention thus has a main body 1, an outer drum optical system 2 and a lid 3. The main body 1 has a central tube 4, on which in particular a mounting flange 5 and a support flange 6 are arranged.

By means of the mounting flange 5, the lantern is attachable to a mounting location. For this purpose, the mounting flange 5 bores 7 through which schematically indicated screws 8 can be passed.

The support flange 6, the central tube 4, the cover 3 and the outer drum 2 surround an annular receiving space 9, in which an annular support member 10 is arranged. The support element 10 essentially consists of an upper part 11, a lower part 12 and a middle part 13. On the middle part 13, a number of light sources 15 are arranged annularly around a lantern axis 14. The lighting means 15 can in principle be any lighting means 15. Preferably, however, they are light-emitting diodes 15, in particular high-performance light-emitting diodes 15. Between the upper part 11 and the lower part 12, an inner drum optical system 16 is arranged. Thus, the support member 10 also carries the inner drum optical system 16. The support member 10 and the belt optics 2, 16 together form an optical basic arrangement.

The lantern is essentially rotationally symmetrical about the lantern axis 14. In particular, the drum optics 2, 16 as well as the upper part 11 and the lower part 12 are completely annular parts. The upper part 11 and the lower part 12, possibly also the belt optics 2, 16, are preferably designed as turned parts. On the design of the middle part 13 will be discussed later in more detail.

The outer drum optical system 2 has the same function as that in the same with respect to the sealing of the accommodating space 9 DE-U-203 05 625 described girdle optics. She is therefore on the the same way to the cover 3 and the support flange 6 stored out like the belt optics of DE-U-203 05 625 , It preferably consists of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA, Plexiglas).

The optical basic arrangement is thus arranged between the support flange 6 and the lid 3, whereby the tightness of the lantern is particularly easy to ensure.

The central tube 4 serves the same purpose as the central tube of the DE-U-203 05 625 , In particular, it also serves for the radial fixation of the support element 10 and the radial and axial fixation of the cover 3.

The support element 10 is - see again Figure 3 of the DE-U-203 05 625 - axially height adjustable. As a result, a center pole direction α with respect to the lantern axis 14 is adjustable, in which an optical warning signal is emitted by the lantern. As a rule, the angle of the center-pole direction α is 90 °. When the lantern axis 14 is arranged vertically, the lantern emits its warning signal in all horizontal directions. In principle, however, the angle of the center-pole direction α could also have a value other than 90 °.

The emitting of the warning signal thus takes place all around the lantern axis 14 around. In the polar direction, that is with respect to the angle to the lantern axis 14, the warning signal, however, is radiated only in a desired polar angle range β around the center pole direction α around. The Sollpolarwinkelbereich β is usually only a few degrees, z. B. 2 to 10 °.

As can be seen particularly clearly from FIG. 3, the upper part 11 and the lower part 12 each have a region 17, 18 which faces the respective other part 12, 11. The mutually facing areas 17, 18 are formed mirror-like and form in their entirety a belt reflector 17, 18. They are curved substantially parabolic. The lighting means 15 are preferably arranged in the focal point of the parabola defined by them. In principle, however, an offset to the optical axis would be possible.

According to the exemplary embodiment, which is the rule, both the upper part 11 and the lower part 12 have a reflective area 17, 18. In this case, the upper part 11 and the lower part 12 are formed identically.

In principle, it would be possible, the upper part 11 and the lower part 12 different form each other. For example, it is possible to design parabolic only one of the two areas 17, 18. It would also be possible to form only one of the regions 17, 18 in a mirror-like manner. This may be useful in a particular case for selectively influencing the emission characteristics.

If the parts 11, 12 are formed differently from each other, the part 12, 11 which is not reflective and / or not parabolic, preferably formed light-absorbing. For example, in this case, the other part 12, 11 be provided with a light-absorbing layer, in particular be black anodized. Which of the two parts 11, 12 is designed to be reflective and which absorbs light, depends on the specific circumstances of the individual case, in particular the desired emission characteristic.

The upper part 11 and the lower part 12 have receiving grooves 19, 20, in which they receive the central part 13. These receiving grooves 19, 20 are arranged radially inwardly with respect to the upper part 11 and the lower part 12. In them, the middle part 13 is held. Thus, the upper part 11 and the lower part 12 are held by the middle part 13 at a defined distance a from each other.

According to FIG. 3, each part 11, 12 is formed in one piece with a reflective area 17, 18. The mirroring of the reflective areas 17, 18 can be achieved in this case, for example, by the finely machined mirror areas 17, 18, z. B. polished, are. Alternatively, it would also be possible that the upper part 11 and the lower part 12 each have a one-piece main body and the reflective areas 17, 18 are provided with a reflective coating.

In the case of the integral formation of upper part 11 and lower part 12, the upper part 11 and the lower part 12 are preferably made of metal, in particular steel, for. As stainless steel or stainless steel. In the case of the provision of a separate reflective coating, the upper part 11 and / or the lower part 12 may alternatively be made of metal (eg steel again) or plastic. The coating may, for. B. be a chrome coating.

As can further be seen from FIG. 3, the upper part 11 and the lower part 12 for receiving the inner drum optical system 16 have further receiving grooves 21, 22 which, however, are arranged radially outward with respect to the upper part 11 and the lower part 12. As a result, the upper part 11 and the lower part 12 as a result have a projection b on the inner drum optical system 16, so that it is protected before and also during assembly of the support member 10 to a limited extent from mechanical action from the outside radially.

The inner drum optical system 16 is preferably made of PMMA (Plexiglas), as is the outer drum optical system 2. It is mounted according to Figure 3, both the upper part 11 and the lower part 12 towards floating. The floating mounting of the inner drum optical system 16 to both the upper part 11 and the lower part 12 out is effected in accordance with Figure 3 by exactly one O-ring 23, 24. In principle, however, more than ever an O-ring 23, 24 may be present.

The upper part 11, the lower part 12 and the inner drum optical system 16 preferably have an O-ring groove 25 to 28 for receiving the O-rings 23, 24 arranged between them. As a result, a good radial fixation of the inner drum optical system 16 within the support element 10 and thus with respect to the lighting means 16 and the belt reflector 17, 18 is effected. The fixation is particularly good and reliable, if the O-ring grooves 25 to 28 have a nearly semi-circular cross-section, in cross section so sweep a circular arc between 90 and 150 °.

Furthermore, it can be seen from FIG. 3 that the upper part 11 and the lower part 12 have chamfers 29, 30 radially on the outside against each other. As a result, strive the upper part 11 and the lower part 12 radially outward away from each other.

The optical operating principle of the lantern according to the invention will now be explained in more detail below in conjunction with Figures 4 and 5, in particular in conjunction with Figure 4. FIG. 4 is a simplified representation of FIG. 3, expanded by the outer drum optical system 2, FIG. 5 is a sectional view along the line V - V in FIG. 4.

According to FIGS. 4 and 5, each of the illuminating means 15 radiates its light radially outwards relative to the axis of the lantern 14 into a solid angle range. The solid angle region covers an axis of azimuth γ about the lantern axis 14, which is approximately 180 °, that is to say considerably smaller than 360 °. Relative to the lantern axis 14, ie in the polar direction, the solid angle range - see FIG. 2 - covers a polar angle δ, which is generally equal to the azimuth angle γ, ie likewise about 180 °. In any case, this polar angle δ is considerably larger than the target polar angle range β in which the warning signal is to be radiated around the center-pole direction α.

Light emitted from the bulbs 15 relative to the lantern axis 14 in a central polar angle region containing the center polarity α, hereinafter called central light, passes through the inner bulb optical system 16 and the outer drum optical system 2 without first meeting the belt reflector 17, 18. Light which is emitted by the light sources 15 outside this central polar angle range, referred to below as external light, is, on the other hand, first reflected radially outward by the belt reflector 17, 18 and only then passes through the inner drum optical system 16 and the outer drum optical system 2. To avoid confusion, it should be made clear that areas to which the adjective "polar" is attached refer to angular ranges in the polar direction in which the light is initially emitted by the light sources 15.

According to the arrangement of the lamps 15 and the belt reflector 17, 18 on the support member 10, the arrangement of the support member 10 and the belt optics 2, 16 and the formation of the belt reflector 17, 18 and the belt optics 2, 16 are coordinated so that both the central light as well as the outside light after emerging from the outer drum optical system 2 in the polar direction within the desired polar angle range β are radiated around the central polarity direction α. This will be explained in detail below in connection with FIG.

As already mentioned and can also be seen from Figure 4, the specular areas 17, 18 are parabolically curved and the lighting means 15 are arranged in the focal line of the belt parabola thus defined. The arrangement of the bulbs 15 and the belt reflector 17, 18 on the support member 10 and the formation of the belt reflector 17, 18 are thus matched to one another that the outer light as light beam parallel in the polar direction the belt reflector 17, 18 leaves and so on the inner drum optical system 16th incident. Optionally, the light beam could also diverge slightly in the polar direction. An exact parallel alignment is preferable. The external light impinging on the inner drum optical system 16 is therefore initially - at least substantially - directed in the middle polar direction α.

The outside light passes through and penetrates through the inner drum optical system 16 in an inner center region 31. In this inner central region 31, the inner drum optical system 16 is preferably designed such that the polar direction of the outer light is not changed substantially by it. Preferably, it is thus formed in the inner central region 31 as a cylindrical ring. If necessary, it could also slightly break the outside light in the middle polar direction α. In this case, it may also be that the outside light leaks out of the inner drum optical system 16 as a slightly converging light beam in the polar direction. Preferably, however, the outer light exits the inner drum optical system 16 as a light beam that is parallel in the polar direction.

In order to avoid confusion, it should be made clear that the areas to which the adjective "inside" or "outside" is attached refer to areas of (radially inwardly disposed) inner drum optical system 16 and outer (outer drum) optical system 2. The prefixes inside, middle and outside in these areas refer to the position in the polar direction with respect to the center polar direction α.

The outer light penetrates the outer drum optical system 2 in an outer central region 32. The arrangement and configuration of the individual optical elements 15, 17, 18, 16, 2 are in accordance with FIG. 4 such that the outer central region 32 only from the outer light, but not also from the It is therefore possible to design the outer central region 32 of the outer drum optical system 2 such that the outer drum optical system 2 exiting outer light in the polar direction slightly diverges. The outer drum optical system 2 may alternatively be formed in the outer middle region 32 as a weak polar-acting lens or, as shown in FIG. 4, as a ring of uniform thickness d. In both cases, however, the outer light emerging from the outer central region 32 of the outer drum optical system 2 covers in the polar direction at most the desired polar angle range β about the central polarity direction α. The divergence of the outside light results in the case of training as a ring uniform thickness d thereby due to the fact that the LEDs 15 have a finite area from which they emit their light, so are not point light sources.

The center light contains light emitted in a polar center region containing the center polarity α. This light will be called inner central light hereinafter. It is characterized in that it does not intersect with the outside light at least until it enters the inner drum optical system 16, preferably even until it exits the inner drum optical system 16. However, the central light also contains light that intersects with the exterior light at the latest when exiting the inner drum optical system 16, possibly even within the inner drum optical system 16 or in front of the inner drum optical system 16. This light is emitted in two polar outer regions adjacent to the polar center region in the polar direction on each side

The inner drum optical system 16 is formed according to Figure 4 in an inner inner region 33, in which it is penetrated exclusively by the inner central light, as a polar-looking condenser lens, so that the inner central light is refracted from it in the Mittelpolarrichtung α. This ensures that the inner central light does not overlap with the outer light even in the area of the outer drum optical system 2.

The outer drum optical system 2 can therefore be formed in an outer inner region 34 in which it is penetrated exclusively by the inner central light, also as a ring of uniform thickness d or as a weakly polar lens, so that also emerging from the outer drum optical system 2 inner central light in Polar direction diverges. The divergence is around the center polar direction α around, namely at most around the desired polar angle range β. The design shown in Figure 4 as a ring uniform thickness d is preferable.

The inner central light preferably emerges from the inner drum optical system 16 as a light beam that is parallel in the polar direction. Furthermore, since, as already mentioned, the external light also emerges from the inner drum optical system 16 as a light beam that is parallel in the polar direction, it is possible to configure the outer drum optical system 2 uniformly in its outer middle regions 32 and in its outer inner region 34, as shown in FIG is shown.

The outer central light is not that easy to handle. For a part of the outer central light penetrates the inner drum optical system 16, although in an inner outer region 35, in which the inner drum optical system 16 is penetrated exclusively by the outer central light. In this area, it is possible to form the inner drum optical system 16 in such a way that this part of the outer central light is influenced individually, in particular to be broken in the middle polar direction α.

However, there is another part of the outer central light, which passes through the inner drum optical system 16 in the inner central region 31. In this area 31, the outside light also passes through the inner drum optical system 16. However, the outer drum optical system 2 is radially spaced from the inner drum optical system 16 in such a way that this part of the outer central light strikes and penetrates the outer drum optical system 2 in a first outer outer region 36, the first outer outer region 36 no longer being in contact with the outer Middle region 32 - and certainly not with the outer interior 34 - overlaps. The outer first outer region 36 of the outer drum optical system 2 is therefore penetrated exclusively by that part of the outer central light which has penetrated the inner drum optical system 16 in the region of the inner central region 31. It is therefore also possible to form the first outer outer region 36 in such a way that this part of the outer central light is refracted in the polar direction to the middle polar direction α. It is thus possible to form the outer drum optical system 2 in such a way that this part of the outer central light emerging from the outer drum optical system 2 diverges in the polar direction about the central polar direction α, but covers the nominal polar angular range β to a maximum

The portion of the outer central light that has penetrated the inner outer region 35 is deflected by the inner drum optical system 16, preferably in the polar direction, so that it emerges from the inner drum optical system 16 as a light beam that is substantially parallel or slightly diverging in the polar direction. The deflection is selected such that this part of the outer central light passes through the outer drum optical system 2 in a second outer outer region 37, which differs from the first outer outer region 36. Also with respect to this second outer outer region 37, it is therefore possible to form the outer drum optical system 2 such that this part of the outer central light is refracted by the outer drum optical system 2 in the polar direction to the central polar direction α after emerging from the outer drum optical system 2 in the polar direction diverges around the Mittelpolarrichtung α, but covers the maximum Sollpolarwinkelbereich β.

In the basic embodiment of the present invention described above in connection with FIGS. 1 to 5, the outer drum optical system 2 must have a relatively large radial thickness d (see FIG. 4). This is necessary in order to be able to deflect the outer central light completely into the desired polar angle range β about the central polar direction a.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, this radial thickness d can be reduced by designing the outer drum optical system 2 as a Fresnel optical system 2, at least in its outer outer regions 36, 37. The training as Fresnel optics 2 takes place according to Figure 6, preferably with respect to the lamp axis 14 radially outward. The outer drum optical system 2 therefore has at least one step 2 'radially outward in its outer outer regions 36, 37. This stage 2 'is not penetrated by radiated or radiated light.

The step 2 'forms an inclination angle ε1 with the mean polar direction α. The inclination angle ε1 is at least half as large as the desired polar angle range β. Because then there is no shielding of light that has already penetrated the outer drum optical system 2 and has leaked out of it.

A light beam 37 'which radially inwardly touches the step 2' forms an emission angle ε 2 with the mean polar direction α. Preferably, the inclination angle ε1 is at most as large as the radiation angle ε2. Because then there is no shielding of light that penetrates the outer drum 2 in the area of the stage 2 '.

Alternatively or in addition to the formation of the outer drum optical system 2 as a Fresnel optical system 2, it is also possible according to FIG. 7 to arrange one or more further drum optical systems 16 'between the inner drum optical system 16 and the outer drum optical system 2, which is likewise part of the optical basic arrangement or are. According to FIG. 7, between the inner drum optical system 16 and the outer drum optical system 2, for example, a single further drum optical system 16 'is arranged. The further drum optical system 16 'can be held by the support element 10. Preferably, however, the further drum optical system 16, like the outer drum optical system 2, is mounted between the cover 3 and the support flange 6. Preferably, like the inner drum optical system 16 and the outer drum optical system 2, it is mounted in a floating manner, in particular via one or two O-rings each to the cover 3 and to the support flange 6.

The further drum optical system 16 'is preferably formed as a ring with a constant radial thickness in the region in which it is penetrated by the inner central light and the outer light. Because this does not essentially change the polar direction of the inner central light and the outer light. Outside this area, so - assuming appropriate storage of the other drum optics 16 '- to the cover 3 and the support flange 6 back, the further drum optics 16' is penetrated exclusively by the outer central light. In this area, it is designed as a collection device 16 'acting in the polar direction. In this area, it therefore breaks the outer central light in the middle polar direction α.

As already mentioned, the embodiment according to FIG. 7 is possible as an alternative or in addition to the embodiment according to FIG. 6. As a rule, however, one of the measures of FIGS. 6 and 7 is sufficient to achieve directing the total of the light emitted by the light-emitting diodes 15 into the desired polar-angle range β around the center-pole direction α.

If, in the individual case, a particularly small desiredpolar angle range β around the center-pole direction α is required, it may be that even the measures described above are not yet sufficient to achieve the required emission characteristic. In this case, it may be helpful to separate the light paths of the individual lamps 15 in the tangential direction from each other. For this purpose, according to FIG. 8, a separating web 37a is preferably arranged on each of the two illuminating means 15 on the carrying element 10. The separating webs 37a extend in the radial direction from the bulbs 15 to the inner drum optical system 16. They are designed to be light-absorbent according to FIG.

The partitions 37a are usually arranged either all in the upper part 11 or all in the lower part 12. According to FIG. 8, they are arranged, for example, in the lower part 12. The lower part 12 therefore has, according to FIG. 9, separating web receiving grooves 37b in which the separating webs 37a are accommodated. Preferably, the dividers 37a are held in the lower part 12 by a press fit. Alternatively or additionally, they can also be glued into the lower part 12. Of the upper part 11, the separating webs 37a are slightly spaced in the axial direction according to Figure 8.

As shown in FIG. 10, which shows a further detail of the central part 13 of the support element 10, the middle part 13 consists of a plurality of individual elements 38 which are arranged in a circle around the lantern axis 14 so that each of the individual elements 38 has a tangential sector around the lantern axis 14 covers. On each of the individual elements 38 exactly one of the lamps 15 is arranged. The individual elements 38 are interconnected by a - preferably flexible - circuit board 39.

The individual elements 38 are preferably made of metal, in particular aluminum. They typically have a thickness of 1.5 to 3 mm in the radial direction, z. B. of 2 mm, on. In the circumferential direction, they typically have a width of 8 to 15 mm, z. B. of 10 mm, on. In the direction of the lantern axis 14, they typically have a height between 40 and 50 mm, z. B. of 45 mm, on.

The lamps 15 are formed in the present case as high-power LEDs 15. The resulting heat loss in them must therefore be dissipated. For this purpose point the lighting means 15 according to FIG. 11 have a heat contact surface 40 radially inward toward each. For better heat dissipation, these heat contact surfaces 40 are preferably coated metallically. About the heat contact surfaces 40, the lamps 15 are thermally coupled to the individual elements 38. The coupling takes place via an electrically insulating Wärmeleitkleber 41.

Of course, the lighting means 15 must be electrically contacted. This takes place via the already mentioned-preferably flexible-printed circuit board 19. The printed circuit board 19 is arranged according to FIG. 11 between the individual elements 38 and the lighting means 15. However, in order to minimize the heat dissipation from the light sources 15 to the individual elements 38, the printed circuit board 39 has recesses in the region of the heat contact surfaces 40, so that the light sources 15 are glued directly to the individual elements 38 via the heat-conducting adhesive 41.

If the lower part 11 and the upper part 12 of the support element 10 also made of metal (especially steel), further removal of the heat loss preferably takes place via the upper part 11 and the lower part 12. Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible that - see the FIGS. 3 and 11 - the individual elements 38 are thermally coupled to the main body 1 or the central tube 4 of the main body 1 via a heat-conducting foil 42. In this case, the heat-conducting foil 42 may in particular be designed as a foam foil 42, so that it is compressible. The foam sheet 42 thus causes inter alia that the support element 10 is radially spaced from the central tube 4. Since the heat-conducting foil 42 furthermore has an electrically insulating effect, there is no electrical contact between the carrier element 10 and the main body of the lantern in the radial direction.

As already mentioned, the lighting means 15 are uniformly arranged in a ring around the lantern axis 14. The angles of (exemplary) 9 ° and 72 ° given in FIG. 12 are therefore tangential angles around the lantern axis 14.

In electrical terms, according to FIG. 12, each of the lighting means 15 is arranged in one of a plurality of strands 43-1 to 43-8. The strands 43 are in accordance with FIG 12 to each other electrically connected in parallel. Within each strand 43 arranged in the respective strand 43 bulbs 15 but are connected to each other electrically in series.

As can be seen from FIG. 12, the lighting means 15 of each of the strands 43, viewed individually, are also arranged uniformly around the lantern axis 14. If, for whatever reason, one of the strands 43 fails, there is therefore no tangent area around the lantern axis 14 in the tangential direction around which no light is emitted. Rather, a so-called graceful degradation results.

According to FIG. 12, eight strands 43-1 to 43-8 are present, with five light-emitting diodes 15 being arranged in each strand. Overall, thus 40 LEDs 15 are available. But there are also other numbers possible. Minimum values of six strings 43, four LEDs 15 per strand 43 and a total of 30 light-emitting diodes 15 should not be undercut. Furthermore, the number of light emitting diodes 15 per strand 43 should be the same for all strands 43.

If the luminous intensity of the lantern described above in connection with Figures 1 to 12 is not high enough, the lantern of Figures 1 to 12 can be modified according to Figure 13. Because the lantern of Figure 13 has in addition to the basic optical arrangement on an optical additional arrangement. The optical arrangements are seen to be arranged one above the other in the direction of the lantern axis 14. Each of the optical arrangements is formed as described above in connection with FIGS. 1 to 12, in particular FIGS. 3 and 4.

As an optical basic arrangement, the optical arrangement is considered below, which is arranged in Figure 13 below. Conversely, as an optical additional arrangement, the optical arrangement is considered, which is arranged in Figure 13 above. The basic optical arrangement is held in the direction of the lantern axis 14 at a defined distance a1 from the support flange 6. Likewise, the optical additional arrangement is seen in the direction of the lamp axis 14 at a defined distance a2 held to the lid 3. The defined distances a1, a2 are preferably equal to one another. This is not mandatory required. The setting of the defined distances a1, a2 preferably takes place via adjusting rings 44.

The Justierringe 44 preferably have a defined thickness and consist of a virtually non-deformable material. For example, the adjusting rings 44 are made of metal, for. B. again aluminum. But they can also consist of an electrically insulating material, in particular also be designed as a heat conducting foil. In this case, the thermal coupling of the support element 10 and thus also the lighting means 15 to the support flange 6 and the lid 3 is maintained. In this case, however, there is also no electrical contact between the support element 10 and the main body 1 of the lantern in the axial direction. The support element 10 is therefore completely electrically isolated from the main body 1 of the lantern.

As already mentioned, the light-emitting means 15 are preferably high-power light-emitting diodes 15. The heat loss arising in the light-emitting means 15 must therefore be dissipated. To optimize the heat dissipation, it may therefore be useful, according to Figure 1 on the support flange 6 and / or on the cover 3 heat sink 44 'to order. Because of this heat sink 44 'is then a larger amount of heat so without them be delivered to the environment. The heat sinks 44 'are not shown in FIG. 2 only for the sake of clarity of FIG.

According to FIG. 11, the outer drum optical systems 2 of the optical arrangements are integrally connected to one another. They are also - analogous to the embodiment with only the optical basic arrangement - mounted between the support flange 6 and the cover 3. If - compare the above statements on any other drum optics 16 '- these other drum optics 16' are mounted between the lid 3 and the support flange 6, preferably these belt optics 16 'are integrally connected to each other.

For pressing the support elements 10 of the optical arrangements on the support flange 6 and the lid 3, an elastic spacer 45 is provided, which is arranged between the support elements 10 of the optical arrangements. The spacer 45 is made For example, from a thin metal disc 46 which is provided in the region of the support elements 10 out with elastic layers 47. The layers 47 may be made of rubber, for example.

As can be seen, the spacer 45 extends radially beyond the support elements 10. Preferably, it extends to just before the most radially inwardly disposed drum optics 2, here the outer drum optics 2, which are integrally connected to each other and are mounted between the support flange 6 and the cover 3.

By means of the lantern according to the invention thus a reliable, robust lantern has been created, which combines an extremely high luminosity with a relatively simple structure and a high reliability in the sense of a graceful degradation. Depending on the lamps 15 used luminosities up to 2000 candela can be achieved.

Claims (27)

1. Lamp for radiation of a warning signal in all directions around a lamp axis (14), with a base body (1) fixable at a mounting location and at least one optical basic arrangement comprising an annular support element (10) and an inner and outer drum optical system (16, 2), wherein

   - a number of lighting means (15) is arranged on the support element (10) in annular distribution and the support element (10) has a drum reflector (17, 18),

   - each of the lighting means (15) radiates light radially outwardly with respect to the lamp axis (14) in a three-dimensional angular range which, around the lamp axis (14), covers an azimuth angle (γ) substantially smaller than 360° and, relative to the lamp axis (14), a polar angle (δ) substantially greater than a desired polar angular range (β) in which the warning signal is radiated about a mean polar direction (α),

   - light (central light) radiated by the lighting means (15) relative to the lamp axis (14) in a central polar angular range containing the mean polar direction (α) passes through the inner and outer drum optical system (16, 2) without prior incidence on the drum reflector (17, 18),

   - the central light includes light (inner central light) radiated in a polar middle region containing the mean polar direction (α) and light (outer central light) radiated in two polar outside regions each adjoining the polar centre region at a respective side,

   - light (outside light) radiated by the lighting means (15) outside the central polar angular range is initially reflected by the drum reflector (17, 18) radially outwardly and only then passes through the inner and outer drum optical system (16, 2) and

   - the inner central light does not intersect the outside light at least until entry into the inner drum optical system (16) and the outer central light intersects the outside light at the latest on issue from the inner drum optical system (16),

   - the outer central light insofar as it has penetrated the inner drum optical system (16) in a region (31) which was also penetrated by the outside light penetrates the outer drum optical system (2) in a first outer outside region (36) which is penetrated only by this part of the outer central light and not also by the inner central light or by the outside light,

   - the arrangement of the lighting means (15) and the drum reflector (17, 18) on the support element (10), the arrangement of the support element (10) and the drum optical system (2, 16) and the construction of the drum reflector (17, 18) and the drum optical systems (2, 16) are so adapted to one another that both the central light and the outside light after issue from the outer drum optical system (2) are radiated in polar direction within the desired polar angular range (β) about the mean polar direction (α).
2. Lamp according to claim 1, characterised in that the arrangement of the lighting means (15) and the drum reflector (17, 18) on the support element (10) and the construction of the drum reflector (17, 18) are adapted to one another in such a manner that the outside light is incident on the inner drum optical system (16) as a light beam parallel or slightly diverging in polar direction.
3. Lamp according to claim 2, characterised in that the inner drum optical system (16) is constructed in such a manner that the outside light issues from the inner drum optical system (16) as a light beam parallel or slightly converging in polar direction.
4. Lamp according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that the inner drum optical system (16) is so constructed in a middle region (31) in which it is penetrated by both the outside light and the outer central light that the polar direction of the outside light is substantially unchanged by it or the outside light is refracted by it slightly towards the mean polar direction (α).
5. Lamp according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the inner drum optical system (16) is so constructed in an inner inside region (33) in which it is penetrated exclusively by the inner central light that the inner central light also does not intersect the outside light in the outer drum optical system (2).
6. Lamp according to claim 5, characterised in that the inner drum optical system (16) is constructed in the inner inside region (33) as a polar-acting convergent lens so that the inner central light is refracted by it towards the mean polar direction (α).
7. Lamp according to claim 5 or 6, characterised in that the outer drum optical system (2) is constructed in an outer inside region (34) in which it is penetrated exclusively by inner central light as a ring of uniform thickness (d).
8. Lamp according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the inner drum optical system (16) is so constructed in an inner outside region (35) in which it is penetrated exclusively by outer central light that the outer central light is refracted by it towards the mean polar direction (α).
9. Lamp according to claim 8, characterised in that the outer central light insofar as it derives from the inner outside region (35) is after issue from the inner drum optical system (16) a light beam substantially parallel or slightly diverging in polar direction.
10. Lamp according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the first outer outside region (36) is formed in such a manner that the outside central light is refracted by it in polar direction towards the mean polar direction (α) so that the outside central light issuing from the outer drum optical system (2) diverges in polar direction, but at most covers the desired polar angular range (β).
11. Lamp according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the outer central light insofar as it has penetrated the inner drum optical system (16) in an inner outside region (35) which was exclusively penetrated by the outer central light penetrates the outer drum optical system (2) in a second outer outside region (37) which differs from the first outer outside region (36) and which is penetrated only by the outer central light and not by the inner central light or by the outside light.
12. Lamp according to claim 11, characterised in that the second outer outside region (37) is so formed that the outer central light is refracted by it in polar direction towards the mean polar direction (α) so that the outer central light issuing from the outer drum optical system (2) diverges in polar direction, but at most covers the desired polar angular range (β).
13. Lamp according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the outer drum optical system (2) is constructed at least in its outer outside regions (36, 37) as a Fresnel optical system (2).
14. Lamp according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the outside light penetrates the outer drum optical system (2) in an outer centre region (32) which is penetrated only by the outside light and not also by the inner or outer central light.
15. Lamp according to claim 14, characterised in that the outer drum optical system (2) is constructed in the outer centre region (32) as a ring of uniform thickness (d).
16. Lamp according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that

    - the annular support element (10) consists of an upper part (11), a lower part (12) and a centre part (13),

    - the upper part (11) and the lower part (12) are held by the centre part (13) at a defined spacing (a) from one another,

    - the upper part (111) and the lower part (12) are annular elements, in particular bodies of rotation,

    - the upper part (11) and/or the lower part (12) has or have a region (17, 18) facing the respective other part (12, 11) and formed to be reflective,

    - the reflective regions (17, 18) in their totality form the drum reflector (17, 18) and

    - the lighting means (15) are arranged on the centre part (13).
17. Lamp according to claim 16, characterised in that the inner drum optical system (16) is arranged between the upper part (11) and the lower part (12).
18. Lamp according to claim 17, characterised in that the inner drum optical system (16) is mounted to be floating relative to both the upper part (11) and the lower part (12).
19. Lamp according to claim 16, 17 or 18, characterised in that of the upper part (11) and lower part (12) only one of the two pars (11, 12) is constructed to be reflective and the other part (12, 11) is constructed to be light-absorbing.
20. Lamp according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that for separation of the light paths of the individual lighting means (15) a respective separating web (37a) is arranged on the support element (10) between each two lighting means (15) and extends in radial direction from the lighting means (15) to the inner drum optical system (16).
21. Lamp according to claim 19 and claim 20, characterised in that the part (12, 11) of light-absorbing construction has separating web receiving grooves (37b) for reception of the separating webs (37a).
22. Lamp according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the base body (1) has a support flange (6) and a cover (3) and that the optical basic arrangement is arranged between the support flange (6) and the cover (3).
23. Lamp according to claim 22, characterised in that

    - layers (42, 44) consisting of electrically insulating materials are arranged between the support element (10) and the base body (1) in both radial direction and axial direction so that the support element (10) is electrically insulated from the base body (1),

    - the lighting means (15) are thermally coupled by way of the support element (10) to the support flange (6) and/or the cover (3) and

    - cooling bodies (44') by means of which loss heat arising in the lighting means (15) can be delivered to the environment are arranged at the support flange (6) and/or at the cover (3).
24. Lamp according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it comprises at least one optical auxiliary arrangement constructed similarly to the optical basic arrangement and that the optical arrangements are arranged one above the other as seen in the direction of the lamp axis (14).
25. Lamp according to claims 22 and 24 or claims 23 and 24, characterised in that the optical basic arrangement as seen in the direction of the lamp axis (14) is mounted at a defined spacing (a1) from the support flange (6) and that the optical auxiliary arrangement as seen in the direction of the lamp axis (14) is mounted at a defined spacing (a2) from the cover (3).
26. Lamp according to claim 24 or 25, characterised in that a resilient spacer (45) is arranged between the support elements (10) of the optical arrangements.
27. Lamp according to claim 22 or 23 and one of claims 24 to 26, characterised in that at least the outer drum optical systems (2) of the optical arrangements are integrally connected together and mounted between the support flange (6) and the cover (3).

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