EP1760255B1 - Mining apparatus - Google Patents
Mining apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- EP1760255B1 EP1760255B1 EP06017710.2A EP06017710A EP1760255B1 EP 1760255 B1 EP1760255 B1 EP 1760255B1 EP 06017710 A EP06017710 A EP 06017710A EP 1760255 B1 EP1760255 B1 EP 1760255B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- roller
- mining
- mining device
- frame
- rollers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C27/00—Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam
- E21C27/20—Mineral freed by means not involving slitting
- E21C27/24—Mineral freed by means not involving slitting by milling means acting on the full working face, i.e. the rotary axis of the tool carrier being substantially parallel to the working face
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1093—Devices for supporting, advancing or orientating the machine or the tool-carrier
Definitions
- the invention relates to a mining device according to independent claims 1 and 3.
- Such mining devices which comprise tensioning means for reversibly tensioning the mining device in a cavity, a frame and propulsion means fixedly connected to the tensioning means, the frame being movable in a predefined direction by the propulsion means, can be used for underground mining of raw materials from rocks Creation of studs.
- the rock strata to be degraded are typically accessed via access tunnels or a network of access tunnels.
- the actual mining takes place today mostly by means of blasting in the degraded rock layer and subsequent removal of the mining material for triage and re-use.
- Such explosions are always the cause of accidents and are therefore subject to high safety requirements, which are regularly monitored.
- the mining tunnels and the access tunnels are cleared away before the blasting, which entails considerable logistical costs and completely interrupts the exploitation in stages.
- the scope of the degradation is difficult to narrow in explosions, so that either rock is mined, which is adjacent to the degraded rock layer and thus contaminated the decomposition material, or so that remains of the degraded rock layer remain and are not degraded.
- tunnel boring machines are often used in the underground mining of rocks for the construction of tunnels.
- a tunnel boring machine shown which has a horizontally arranged, drivable in a predefined direction and slightly inclined in this direction of advance rotatable roller.
- cutting tools oriented substantially in the advancing direction and in addition, cutting tools oriented substantially perpendicular to the advancing direction are arranged on the upper side of the roller.
- JPH03262898 also a tunnel boring machine is disclosed, with a rectangular cross section can be moved up.
- a plurality of superposed mining tools for releasing the rock are provided, which are designed as rollers or like a roll with arranged thereon mining tools.
- mining equipment is also sometimes used today for the extraction of raw materials from underground, which can significantly improve the reliability with which the number of interruptions of the mining can be significantly reduced and with which the raw material-containing rock layer can be reduced more efficiently targeted, i. ideally including a rectangular mining section.
- the company VOEST-ALPINE BERGTECHNIK sells under the product name ARM 1100 a mining device comprising a frame on which a pivoting arm is arranged, which can be driven in relation to a tense with a stud part of the mining device.
- a rotating Schrämusion is arranged, which has arranged on its front side along its edge cutting discs.
- the swivel arm In operation, the swivel arm is pivoted with rotating Schrämrad back and forth, whereby the rock, which comes into contact with the Schrämrad in contact is reduced.
- a substantially rectangular mining cross-section can be generated with the aid of the swivel arm.
- no continuous degradation over the entire mining cross section is possible, whereby the degradation productivity is limited.
- the object of the following invention is therefore to propose a mining device which generates a substantially rectangular mining cross-section and enables continuous mining.
- the mining device comprises tensioning means for reversibly tensioning the mining device in a cavity, a frame and propulsion means fixedly connected to the tensioning means, wherein the frame is movable in a predefined direction by the propulsion means.
- a rotatable roller is arranged, on the circumference of cutting tools and reamer are arranged so that a substantially rectangular excavation cross section can be generated and the mining device and in particular the frame of the mining device is movable in a mining tunnel generated by these cutting tools.
- Such a mining device allows in a simple manner a degradation of rock to include a substantially rectangular mining section, which, inter alia, on the one hand enables efficient targeted degradation of a raw material-containing rock layer and on the other hand can produce a tunnel, which has an advantageous shape.
- the roller of the mining device is in contact with the entire mining section substantially continuously, allowing productive continuous mining.
- This mining device further allows the frame to be moved by the propulsion means both straight ahead and around a horizontal or vertical curve.
- At least one edge cutting tool is arranged on the circumference of the roller such that it projects beyond the roller in the axial direction at least when the roller is in a rotational position in which the edge cutting tool is located on a side of the roller facing away from the bracing means.
- at least the frame of the mining device projects beyond the roller in its axial direction, which makes it impossible for the frame to be displaced into the mining pits produced by the mining device.
- the at least one edge cutting tool is arranged so that it is folded out in the axial direction of the roller, when the roller is in a rotational position, in which the edge cutting tool is on a side facing away from the bracing roller, and that it is collapsed, if the roller is in a rotational position in which the edge cutting tool is located on a side of the roller facing the bracing means.
- the edge cutting tool is unfolded, whereby it can be achieved that the excavation cross section is large enough to a towering the roller To enable frames to be moved in the mining theaters.
- the edge cutting tool is folded, which can be prevented that it collides uncontrollably with the frame and impairs the rotational movement of the roller.
- two rollers are arranged in parallel, wherein the axis of rotation of the one roller is in line with the axis of rotation of the other roller.
- Such rolls allow a relatively simple construction to provide a mining cross section of a given thickness. They can be arranged on both an intermediate and on an outer frame. It is particularly advantageous if at least the region of the mining cross section between the rolls or away from the rolls is increased by folding edge cutting tools described above.
- two rollers are arranged with their sides facing each other at an acute angle to each other, so that the axes of rotation of the two rollers include an obtuse angle.
- the sides of the rolls facing the rock to be excavated are maximally spaced apart, while the sides of the rolls facing the propulsion means are minimally spaced from each other.
- the two rollers each have a peripheral cutting tool which projects beyond the associated roller in the direction of the other roller.
- a consistently defined mining cross section can be achieved in particular in the area between the rollers.
- the two rolls may each have at least one further edge cutting tool which projects beyond the associated roll in the direction away from the other roll.
- the cutting tools and the at least one edge cutting tool of a roller are arranged alternately to the cutting tools and the at least one edge cutting tool of the other roller.
- each with at least one of the associated roller in the direction of the other roller superior edge cutting tool can thus be ensured that the said edge cutting tools of a roller overhang the other roller at the minimally spaced location of the two rolls, without Cutting tools or edge cutting tools of the other roller to collide.
- the two rollers are preferably rotatable in the same direction, which allows a simplified construction of the rotational drive of the rollers and a simplified removal of the excavation material.
- the cutting tools and the at least one edge cutting tool may comprise cutting rollers. With such cutting rollers, a high degradation productivity can be ensured even in hard rock.
- Fig. 1 shows a mining device according to the invention 1 with retracted Verspannstoffn 2, retracted jacking means 3 and arranged on a frame 4 roller 5.
- the Verspannstoff 2 include Verspanndruckzylinder 21 and gripper plates 22 and the propulsion means 3 comprise a propulsion pressure cylinder 31, a guide tube 32 and a guide housing 33rd Die Roller 5 has cutting rollers 61 and scrapers (in FIG Fig. 1 not shown) on and in the edge region of the circumference arranged folding edge cutting rollers 62a, 62b.
- the cutting rollers 61 and the peripheral cutting rollers 62a, 62b are typically arranged offset to one another in the axial direction of the roller 5 as well as in the radial direction of the roller 5 (in FIG Fig.
- the roller 5 is rotatably mounted by means of a rotary drive 7 within the frame 4, which is designed as a roller 5 partially enclosing outer frame, wherein the end face of the roller 5 projects beyond the frame 4 in a driving direction.
- the frame 4 is on the one hand firmly connected to the guide tube 32 and on the other hand with two above and below the guide tube 32 and parallel to the guide tube 32 arranged Vorretesdruckzylindern 31.
- the guide tube 32 is slidably mounted in the guide housing 33 along the advancing direction. With the outer sides of the guide housing 33 each four Verspanndruckzylinder 21 are fixedly connected (in Fig. 1 Only one of the two outer sides is visible), which in turn are connected at their longitudinal ends firmly with the arranged parallel to the direction of advance gripper plates 22.
- the roller 5 rotates about its axis of rotation, being driven by the rotary drive 7.
- the roller 5 When the roller 5 is in a rotational position in which the edge cutting rollers 62a are located on the front side of the roller 5, they are folded outward in the axial direction of the roller 5, so that they project beyond the frame 4. If the roller 5 is in a rotational position, in which the edge cutting rollers 62b are located within the frame 4, the edge cutting rollers 62b are folded in so that they do not interfere with the rotational movement of the roller 5 and can pass through the frame 4.
- the unfolding of the edge cutting rollers 62a, 62b can be realized both passively, for example via springs, and in particular also actively via a separate mechanism.
- Fig. 2 the mining device 1 is shown with extended propulsion means 3.
- the Verspanndruckzylinder 21 are extended and thus the gripper plates 22 are displaced in the direction perpendicular to the advancing direction before the extension of the propulsion means 3.
- the gripper plates 22 are thereby pressed against adjacent gallery walls, whereby the mining device 1 is firmly clamped in the tunnel.
- the rotating roller 5 carries the excavation stone in the advancing direction, while the propulsion pressure cylinder 31 press the frame in the advancing direction.
- Characterized in that the mining cross-section of the roller 5 is increased by means of the edge cutting rollers 62 a and 62 b, the frame 5 can be moved in the advancing direction in the working rolls generated by the roller 5 after releasing the Verspannstoff 2.
- the decomposition material is arranged by means arranged on the roller 5 scrapers (in Fig. 2 not apparent) along the direction of rotation of the roller 5 to one side of the mining device 1 vacated, from where it by means of a conventional conveying device (in Fig. 2 not visible) can be removed for further processing from the mining tunnel.
- FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show a second embodiment of a mining device 10 according to the invention with Verspannstoffn 20, propulsion means 30 and two arranged on a frame 40 rolls 50.
- the tensioning means 20 comprise Verspanndruckzylinder 210 and gripper plates 220 and the propulsion means 30 comprise a propulsion pressure cylinder 310, a guide tube 320 and a guide housing 330th
- the rollers 50 are arranged at an acute angle to each other in a V-shape, wherein the largest distance between the two rollers 50 is in the region of their end faces.
- the rollers 50 each have cutting rollers 610 and reamers 90 arranged on their circumference and peripheral edge rollers 620 in the edge region of the circumference, against the respective other roller 50.
- the cutting rollers 610 and the peripheral cutting rollers 620 are both in the axial direction of the associated rollers 50 and offset in the radial direction of the associated rollers 50 to each other on the respective roller 50.
- the rollers 50 are rotatably mounted by means of a rotary drive within the frame 40, which is designed as an outer frame partially enclosing the rollers 50, wherein the end face of the rollers 50 project beyond the frame 40 in a driving direction.
- the frame 40 is on the one hand firmly connected to the guide tube 320 and on the other hand with two above and below the guide tube 320 and parallel to the guide tube 320 arranged propulsion pressure cylinders 310.
- the guide tube 320 is slidably mounted in the guide housing 330 along the direction of advance. Verspanndruckzylinder 210 are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the guide housing 330, which in turn are connected at their longitudinal ends fixed with the parallel to the forward drive direction gripper plates 220.
- the V-shaped arrangement of the two rollers 50 ensures that the excavation cross-section is large enough in operation so that the frame 40 of the mining device 10 can be driven in the mining lumina produced by them, and on the other hand prevents hinged edge cutting rollers are used have to.
- the edge cutting rollers 620 which project beyond the rollers 50 in each case against the other roller 50 ensure that a continuous excavation cross-section is produced.
- the edge cutting rollers 620 of a roller 50 does not collide with the cutting rollers 610 and the scrapers 90 of the other roller 50
- the cutting rollers 610, the edge cutting rollers 620 and Scavengers 90 of one roller 50 are alternately arranged in gap to the cutting rollers 610, the edge cutting rollers 620 and the scrapers 90 of the other roller 50 so that they interlock in said rotational position without colliding.
- the decomposition material is cleared by means of the reamers 90 arranged on the roller 50 along the direction of rotation of the rollers 50 on one side of the mining device 1, from where it can be removed by means of a conveyor 80 for further processing from the mining tunnel.
- the mining device according to the first embodiment may well include several and in particular two mutually parallel rollers.
- the frame can also be designed as an inner frame, wherein the frame is arranged between the rollers.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Abbauvorrichtung gemäß der unabhängigen Patentansprüche 1 und 3.The invention relates to a mining device according to
Solche Abbauvorrichtungen, welche Verspannmittel zum reversiblen Verspannen der Abbauvorrichtung in einem Hohlraum, einen Rahmen und mit den Verspannmitteln ortsfest verbundene Vortriebsmittel umfassen, wobei der Rahmen durch die Vortriebsmittel in eine vordefinierte Richtung bewegbar ist, können zur untertägigen Gewinnung von Rohstoffen aus Gesteinen eingesetzt werden oder zur Erstellung von Stollen.Such mining devices, which comprise tensioning means for reversibly tensioning the mining device in a cavity, a frame and propulsion means fixedly connected to the tensioning means, the frame being movable in a predefined direction by the propulsion means, can be used for underground mining of raw materials from rocks Creation of studs.
Beim untertägigen Abbau von Gesteinen im Bergbau, beispielsweise zur Gewinnung von Erzen, Edelsteinen oder anderen Rohstoffen, werden die abzubauenden Gesteinsschichten typischerweise über Zugangsstollen oder ein Netzwerk von Zugangsstollen erschlossen. Der eigentliche Abbau erfolgt heute zumeist mittels Sprengungen in der abzubauenden Gesteinsschicht und anschließendem Abtransport des Abbaumaterials zur Triage und Weiterverwertung. Solche Sprengungen sind immer wieder Ursache von Unfällen und unterstehen deshalb hohen Sicherheitsanforderungen, die regelmäßig kontrolliert werden. Typischerweise werden aus Sicherheitsgründen die Abbaustollen und die Zugangsstollen vor den Sprengungen weitläufig geräumt, was erhebliche logistische Aufwände nach sich zieht und den Abbau phasenweise komplett unterbricht. Außerdem ist bei Sprengungen der Umfang des Abbaus nur schwer einzugrenzen, so dass entweder Gestein abgebaut wird, welches sich benachbart zur abzubauenden Gesteinsschicht befindet und somit das Abbaumaterial verunreinigt, oder so dass Reste der abzubauenden Gesteinsschicht bestehen bleiben und nicht abgebaut werden.In the mining of minerals in mining, for example for the extraction of ores, precious stones or other raw materials, the rock strata to be degraded are typically accessed via access tunnels or a network of access tunnels. The actual mining takes place today mostly by means of blasting in the degraded rock layer and subsequent removal of the mining material for triage and re-use. Such explosions are always the cause of accidents and are therefore subject to high safety requirements, which are regularly monitored. Typically, for safety reasons, the mining tunnels and the access tunnels are cleared away before the blasting, which entails considerable logistical costs and completely interrupts the exploitation in stages. In addition, the scope of the degradation is difficult to narrow in explosions, so that either rock is mined, which is adjacent to the degraded rock layer and thus contaminated the decomposition material, or so that remains of the degraded rock layer remain and are not degraded.
Außerdem werden beim untertägigen Abbau von Gesteinen zur Errichtung von Tunneln häufig Tunnelbohrmaschinen eingesetzt. Beispielsweise ist in der
Schließlich werden heute teilweise zur untertägigen Gewinnung von Rohstoffen aus Gesteinen auch Abbauvorrichtungen verwendet, mit denen sich die Betriebssicherheit maßgeblich verbessern lässt, mit denen sich die Anzahl Unterbrechungen des Abbaus erheblich verringern lässt und mit denen die rohstoffhaltige Gesteinsschicht effizienter gezielt abgebaut werden kann, d.h. idealerweise unter Einschließung eines rechteckigen Abbauquerschnitts. Beispielsweise vertreibt die Firma VOEST-ALPINE BERGTECHNIK unter der Produktbezeichnung ARM 1100 eine Abbauvorrichtung, die einen Rahmen umfasst, an welchem ein Schwenkarm angeordnet ist, der im Verhältnis zu einem mit einem Stollen verspannten Teil der Abbauvorrichtung vorgetrieben werden kann. Am Ende des Schwenkarms ist eine rotierende Schrämscheibe angeordnet, welche auf ihrer Stirnseite entlang ihres Randes angeordnete Schneidscheiben aufweist. Im Betrieb wird der Schwenkarm bei rotierendem Schrämrad hin und her geschwenkt, womit das Gestein, welches mit dem Schrämrad in Kontakt tritt abgebaut wird. Mit Hilfe des Schwenkarms kann einerseits ein im Wesentlichen rechtwinkliger Abbauquerschnitt erzeugt werden. Allerdings ist mit einer solchen Abbauvorrichtung kein kontinuierlicher Abbau über den ganzen Abbauquerschnitt möglich, wodurch die Abbauproduktivität beschränkt ist.Finally, mining equipment is also sometimes used today for the extraction of raw materials from underground, which can significantly improve the reliability with which the number of interruptions of the mining can be significantly reduced and with which the raw material-containing rock layer can be reduced more efficiently targeted, i. ideally including a rectangular mining section. For example, the company VOEST-ALPINE BERGTECHNIK sells under the product name ARM 1100 a mining device comprising a frame on which a pivoting arm is arranged, which can be driven in relation to a tense with a stud part of the mining device. At the end of the pivot arm, a rotating Schrämscheibe is arranged, which has arranged on its front side along its edge cutting discs. In operation, the swivel arm is pivoted with rotating Schrämrad back and forth, whereby the rock, which comes into contact with the Schrämrad in contact is reduced. On the one hand, a substantially rectangular mining cross-section can be generated with the aid of the swivel arm. However, with such a mining device, no continuous degradation over the entire mining cross section is possible, whereby the degradation productivity is limited.
Aufgabe der nachfolgenden Erfindung ist es daher, eine Abbauvorrichtung vorzuschlagen die einen im Wesentlichen rechtwinkligen Abbauquerschnitt erzeugt und einen kontinuierlichen Abbau ermöglicht.The object of the following invention is therefore to propose a mining device which generates a substantially rectangular mining cross-section and enables continuous mining.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Abbauvorrichtung gelöst, wie sie durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Patentansprüche charakterisiert ist. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Abbauvorrichtung ergeben sich aus den Merkmalen der abhängigen Patentansprüche.The object is achieved by a mining device, as characterized by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the mining device according to the invention will become apparent from the features of the dependent claims.
Insbesondere umfasst die Abbauvorrichtung Verspannmittel zum reversiblen Verspannen der Abbauvorrichtung in einem Hohlraum, einen Rahmen und mit den Verspannmitteln ortsfest verbundene Vortriebsmittel, wobei der Rahmen durch die Vortriebsmittel in eine vordefinierte Richtung bewegbar ist. Am Rahmen ist eine rotierbare Walze angeordnet, an deren Umfang Schneidwerkzeuge und Räumer so angeordnet sind, dass ein im Wesentlichen rechteckiger Abbauquerschnitt erzeugbar ist und die Abbauvorrichtung und insbesondere auch der Rahmen der Abbauvorrichtung in einen durch diese Schneidewerkzeuge erzeugten Abbaustollen bewegbar ist. Eine solche Abbauvorrichtung ermöglicht auf einfache Art und Weise einen Abbau von Gestein unter Einschließung eines im Wesentlichen rechteckigen Abbauquerschnitts, was unter anderem einerseits einen effizienten gezielten Abbau einer rohstoffhaltigen Gesteinsschicht ermöglicht und andererseits einen Stollen erzeugen kann, der eine vorteilhafte Form aufweist. Außerdem ist die Walze der Abbauvorrichtung im Betrieb im Wesentlichen durchgehend mit dem ganzen Abbauquerschnitt in Kontakt, was einen produktiven kontinuierlichen Abbau ermöglicht. Diese Abbauvorrichtung ermöglicht weiter ein Bewegen des Rahmens durch die Vortriebsmittel sowohl geradeaus als auch um eine horizontale oder vertikale Kurve.In particular, the mining device comprises tensioning means for reversibly tensioning the mining device in a cavity, a frame and propulsion means fixedly connected to the tensioning means, wherein the frame is movable in a predefined direction by the propulsion means. On the frame, a rotatable roller is arranged, on the circumference of cutting tools and reamer are arranged so that a substantially rectangular excavation cross section can be generated and the mining device and in particular the frame of the mining device is movable in a mining tunnel generated by these cutting tools. Such a mining device allows in a simple manner a degradation of rock to include a substantially rectangular mining section, which, inter alia, on the one hand enables efficient targeted degradation of a raw material-containing rock layer and on the other hand can produce a tunnel, which has an advantageous shape. In addition, during operation, the roller of the mining device is in contact with the entire mining section substantially continuously, allowing productive continuous mining. This mining device further allows the frame to be moved by the propulsion means both straight ahead and around a horizontal or vertical curve.
Vorzugsweise ist mindestens ein Randschneidwerkzeug derart auf dem Umfang der Walze angeordnet, dass es die Walze in axialer Richtung zumindest dann überragt, wenn die Walze in einer Rotationsstellung ist, in der sich das Randschneidwerkzeug auf einer von den Verspannmitteln abgewandten Seite der Walze befindet. Üblicherweise überragt zumindest der Rahmen der Abbauvorrichtung die Walze in deren axialer Richtung, was ein Verschieben des Rahmens in den durch die Abbauvorrichtung erzeugten Abbaustollen verunmöglicht. Mittels solcher Randschneidwerkzeuge kann aber der Abbauquerschnitt über den Querschnitt der Walze hinaus so vergrößert werden, dass auch der Rahmen und allfällige weitere nachfolgende Einrichtungen in den erzeugten Abbaustollen verschoben werden können.Preferably, at least one edge cutting tool is arranged on the circumference of the roller such that it projects beyond the roller in the axial direction at least when the roller is in a rotational position in which the edge cutting tool is located on a side of the roller facing away from the bracing means. Usually, at least the frame of the mining device projects beyond the roller in its axial direction, which makes it impossible for the frame to be displaced into the mining pits produced by the mining device. By means of such edge cutting tools but the mining cross section can be increased beyond the cross section of the roller so that the frame and any other subsequent facilities can be moved in the generated mining tunnels.
Mit Vorteil ist das mindestens eine Randschneidwerkzeug so angeordnet, dass es in axialer Richtung der Walze ausgeklappt ist, wenn die Walze in einer Rotationsstellung ist, in der sich das Randschneidwerkzeug auf einer Seite von den Verspannmitteln abgewandten Walze befindet, und dass es eingeklappt ist, wenn die Walze in einer Rotationsstellung ist, in der sich das Randschneidwerkzeug auf einer den Verspannmitteln zugewandten Seite der Walze befindet. Im Betrieb ist in den Rotationsstellungen der Walze, in welcher das Randschneidwerkzeug mit dem abzubauenden Gestein in Eingriff steht, das Randschneidwerkzeug ausgeklappt, wodurch erreicht werden kann, dass der Abbauquerschnitt groß genug ist, um einem die Walze überragenden Rahmen zu ermöglichen, in den Abbaustollen verschoben zu werden. Gleichzeitig ist in den Rotationsstellungen der Walze, in welcher das Randschneidwerkzeug den Rahmen passiert, das Randschneidwerkzeug eingeklappt, wodurch verhindert werden kann, dass es unkontrolliert mit dem Rahmen kollidiert und die Rotationsbewegung der Walze beeinträchtigt.Advantageously, the at least one edge cutting tool is arranged so that it is folded out in the axial direction of the roller, when the roller is in a rotational position, in which the edge cutting tool is on a side facing away from the bracing roller, and that it is collapsed, if the roller is in a rotational position in which the edge cutting tool is located on a side of the roller facing the bracing means. In operation, in the rotational positions of the roller in which the edge cutting tool is engaged with the stone to be excavated, the edge cutting tool is unfolded, whereby it can be achieved that the excavation cross section is large enough to a towering the roller To enable frames to be moved in the mining theaters. At the same time in the rotational positions of the roller in which the edge cutting tool passes the frame, the edge cutting tool is folded, which can be prevented that it collides uncontrollably with the frame and impairs the rotational movement of the roller.
In einer ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante sind zwei Walzen parallel angeordnet, wobei die Rotationsachse der einen Walze in einer Linie mit der Rotationsachse der anderen Walze liegt. Solche Walzen ermöglichen eine verhältnismäßig einfache Konstruktion um einen Abbauquerschnitt von einer bestimmten Mächtigkeit bereitzustellen. Sie können sowohl an einem dazwischenliegenden als auch an einem außenliegenden Rahmen angeordnet sein. Dabei ist es insbesondere vorteilhaft, wenn zumindest der Bereich des Abbauquerschnitts zwischen den Walzen bzw. von den Walzen weg durch oben beschriebene klappbare Randschneidwerkzeuge vergrößert wird.In a first preferred embodiment, two rollers are arranged in parallel, wherein the axis of rotation of the one roller is in line with the axis of rotation of the other roller. Such rolls allow a relatively simple construction to provide a mining cross section of a given thickness. They can be arranged on both an intermediate and on an outer frame. It is particularly advantageous if at least the region of the mining cross section between the rolls or away from the rolls is increased by folding edge cutting tools described above.
In einer zweiten bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante sind zwei Walzen mit ihren einander zugewandten Seiten in einem spitzen Winkel zueinander angeordnet, so dass die Rotationsachsen der beiden Walzen einen stumpfen Winkel einschließen. Im Betrieb sind die dem abzubauenden Gestein zugewandten Seiten der Walzen maximal voneinander beabstandet, während die den Vortriebsmitteln zugewandten Seiten der Walzen minimal voneinander beabstandet sind. Eine solche Anordnung der Walzen ermöglicht die Verwendung von Randschneidwerkzeugen, die nicht klappbar sind unter gleichzeitiger Bereitstellung eines genügend großen Abbauquerschnitts für das Verschieben des Rahmens und anderer Einrichtung in den Abbaustollen hinein.In a second preferred embodiment, two rollers are arranged with their sides facing each other at an acute angle to each other, so that the axes of rotation of the two rollers include an obtuse angle. In operation, the sides of the rolls facing the rock to be excavated are maximally spaced apart, while the sides of the rolls facing the propulsion means are minimally spaced from each other. Such an arrangement of rollers enables the use of edge trimming tools that are not hinged while providing a sufficiently large excavation cross section for moving the frame and other equipment into the excavation piles.
Vorzugsweise weisen dabei die beiden Walzen jeweils ein Randschneidwerkzeug auf, das die zugehörige Walze in Richtung der anderen Walze überragt. Damit kann ein durchgehend definierter Abbauquerschnitt insbesondere auch im Bereich zwischen den Walzen erreicht werden.Preferably, the two rollers each have a peripheral cutting tool which projects beyond the associated roller in the direction of the other roller. Thus, a consistently defined mining cross section can be achieved in particular in the area between the rollers.
Die beiden Walzen können jeweils mindestens ein weiteres Randschneidwerkzeug aufweisen, das die zugehörige Walze in Richtung von der anderen Walze weg überragt. Somit wird ein zusätzliches Vergrößern des Abbauquerschnitts ermöglicht.The two rolls may each have at least one further edge cutting tool which projects beyond the associated roll in the direction away from the other roll. Thus, an additional enlargement of the mining cross section is made possible.
Mit Vorteil sind die Schneidwerkzeuge und das mindestens eine Randschneidwerkzeug der einen Walze alternierend zu den Schneidwerkzeugen und dem mindestens einen Randschneidwerkzeug der anderen Walze angeordnet. Bei der oben beschriebenen angewinkelten Anordnung der beiden Walzen mit jeweils mindestens einem die zugehörige Walze in Richtung der anderen Walze überragenden Randschneidwerkzeug kann somit gewährleistet werden, dass die besagten Randschneidwerkzeuge der einen Walze die andere Walze an der minimal beabstandeten Stelle der beiden Walzen überragen, ohne mit Schneidwerkzeugen bzw. Randschneidwerkzeugen der anderen Walze zu kollidieren.Advantageously, the cutting tools and the at least one edge cutting tool of a roller are arranged alternately to the cutting tools and the at least one edge cutting tool of the other roller. In the above-described angled arrangement of the two rolls, each with at least one of the associated roller in the direction of the other roller superior edge cutting tool can thus be ensured that the said edge cutting tools of a roller overhang the other roller at the minimally spaced location of the two rolls, without Cutting tools or edge cutting tools of the other roller to collide.
Die beiden Walzen sind vorzugsweise in die gleiche Richtung rotierbar, was eine vereinfachte Konstruktion des Rotationsantriebs der Walzen und einen vereinfachten Abtransport des Abbaumaterials ermöglicht.The two rollers are preferably rotatable in the same direction, which allows a simplified construction of the rotational drive of the rollers and a simplified removal of the excavation material.
Die Schneidwerkzeuge und das mindestens eine Randschneidwerkzeug können Schneidrollen umfassen. Mit solchen Schneidrollen kann selbst in Hartgestein eine hohe Abbauproduktivität gewährleistet werden.The cutting tools and the at least one edge cutting tool may comprise cutting rollers. With such cutting rollers, a high degradation productivity can be ensured even in hard rock.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung mit Hilfe der schematischen Zeichnungen.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments of the invention with the aid of the schematic drawings.
Es zeigen:
-
Fig. 1 eine schematischen Querschnittansicht eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Abbauvorrichtung mit eingefahrenen Vortriebsmitteln, -
Fig. 2 eine schematischen Querschnittansicht der Abbauvorrichtung vonFig. 1 mit ausgefahrenen Vortriebsmitteln, -
Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht auf ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Abbauvorrichtung, und -
Fig. 4 eine Querschnittansicht der Abbauvorrichtung vonFig. 3 entlang der Linie A-A.
-
Fig. 1 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a mining device according to the invention with retracted driving means, -
Fig. 2 a schematic cross-sectional view of the mining device ofFig. 1 with extended propulsion means, -
Fig. 3 a plan view of a second embodiment of a mining device according to the invention, and -
Fig. 4 a cross-sectional view of the mining device ofFig. 3 along the line AA.
Im Betrieb rotiert die Walze 5 um ihre Rotationsachse, wobei sie durch den Rotationsantrieb 7 angetrieben wird. Wenn sich die Walze 5 in einer Rotationsstellung befindet, in der sich die Randschneidrollen 62a an der Stirnseite der Walze 5 befinden, werden sie in axialer Richtung der Walze 5 nach außen ausgeklappt, so dass sie den Rahmen 4 überragen. Befindet sich die Walze 5 in einer Rotationsstellung, in der die Randschneidrollen 62b innerhalb des Rahmen 4 befinden, sind die Randschneidrollen 62b eingeklappt, so dass sie die Rotationsbewegung der Walze 5 nicht beeinträchtigen und den Rahmen 4 passieren können. Das Ausklappen der Randschneidrollen 62a, 62b kann sowohl passiv, beispielsweise über Federn, als insbesondere auch aktiv über einen eigenen Mechanismus realisiert werden.In operation, the
Für die gesamte weitere Beschreibung gilt folgende Festlegung. Sind in einer Figur zum Zweck zeichnerischer Eindeutigkeit Bezugszeichen enthalten, aber im unmittelbar zugehörigen Beschreibungstext nicht erwähnt, so wird auf deren Erläuterung in vorangehenden Figurenbeschreibungen Bezug genommen.The following definition applies to the entire further description. If reference signs are included in a figure for the purpose of clarity of the drawing, but are not mentioned in the directly related text of the description, their explanation will be referred to in the preceding description of the figures.
In
Durch die V-förmige Anordnung der beiden Walzen 50 wird einerseits erreicht, dass der Abbauquerschnitt im Betrieb groß genug ist, damit der Rahmen 40 der Abbauvorrichtung 10 in den durch sie erzeugten Abbaustollen vorgetrieben werden kann, und andererseits wird verhindert, dass klappbare Randschneidrollen eingesetzt werden müssen. Die die Walzen 50 jeweils gegen die andere Walze 50 hin überragenden Randschneidrollen 620 gewährleisten, dass ein durchgehender Abbauquerschnitt erzeugt wird. Damit in einer Rotationsstellung der Walzen 50, in welcher sie sich am nächsten zueinander befinden, die Randschneidrollen 620 der einen Walze 50 nicht mit den Schneidrollen 610 bzw. den Räumern 90 der anderen Walze 50 kollidieren, sind die Schneidrollen 610, die Randschneidrollen 620 und die Räumer 90 der einen Walze 50 alternierend auf Lücke zu den Schneidrollen 610, den Randschneidrollen 620 und den Räumern 90 der anderen Walze 50 angeordnet, so dass sie in besagter Rotationsstellung ineinander verzahnen ohne zu kollidieren. Im Betrieb wird das Abbaumaterial mittels den auf der Walze 50 angeordneten Räumern 90 entlang der Rotationsrichtung der Walzen 50 auf eine Seite der Abbauvorrichtung 1 geräumt, von wo es mittels einer Fördervorrichtung 80 zur Weiterverarbeitung aus dem Abbaustollen abgeführt werden kann.The V-shaped arrangement of the two
Zu den vorbeschriebenen erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtungen sind weitere konstruktive Variationen realisierbar. Hier ausdrücklich erwähnt seien noch:
Die Abbauvorrichtung entsprechend des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels kann durchaus auch mehrere und insbesondere zwei parallel zueinander angeordnete Walzen umfassen.To the above-described devices according to the invention further constructive variations can be realized. Here are expressly mentioned:
The mining device according to the first embodiment may well include several and in particular two mutually parallel rollers.
Anstelle des Außenrahmens, wie er in den beiden oben gezeigten Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben wurde, kann der Rahmen auch als Innenrahmen ausgestaltet sein, wobei der Rahmen dabei zwischen den Walzen angeordnet ist.Instead of the outer frame, as has been described in the two embodiments shown above, the frame can also be designed as an inner frame, wherein the frame is arranged between the rollers.
Claims (8)
- Mining device (1), which comprises bracing means (2) for reversibly bracing the mining device (1) in a cavity, a frame (4), and propulsion means (3) connected in a fixed manner to the bracing means (2), wherein the frame (4) is movable in a predefined direction by the propulsion means (3), characterized in that a rotatable roller (5) is arranged on the frame (4), cutting tools (61) and scrapers (90) being arranged on the circumference of said roller (5) such that a substantially rectangular mining cross section is able to be created, and the mining device (1), and in particular also the frame (4) of the mining device (1), is movable into a mining gallery created by these cutting tools (61),
wherein furthermore at least one edge cutting tool (62a, 62b) is arranged on the circumference of the roller (5) such that it projects from the roller (5) in an axial direction at least when the roller (5) is in a rotary position in which the edge cutting tool (62a, 62b) is located on an opposite side of the roller (5) from the bracing means (2),
and wherein the at least one edge cutting tool (62a, 62b) is arranged such that it is flapped out in the axial direction of the roller (5) when the roller (5) is in a rotary position in which the edge cutting tool (62a, 62b) is located on an opposite side of the roller (5) from the bracing means (2), and in that it is flapped in when the roller (5) is in a rotary position in which the edge cutting tool (62a, 62b) is located on a side of the roller (5) facing the bracing means (2). - Mining device (1) according to Claim 1, having two rollers (5) that are arranged parallel to one another, wherein the axis of rotation of one roller (5) lies in a line with the axis of rotation of the other roller (5).
- Mining device (10), which comprises bracing means (20) for reversibly bracing the mining device (10) in a cavity, a frame (40), and propulsion means (30) connected in a fixed manner to the bracing means (20), wherein the frame (40) is movable in a predefined direction by the propulsion means (30), characterized in that a rotatable roller (50) is arranged on the frame (40), cutting tools (610) and scrapers (90) being arranged on the circumference of said roller (50) such that a substantially rectangular mining cross section is able to be created, and the mining device (10), and in particular also the frame (40) of the mining device (10), is movable into a mining gallery created by these cutting tools (610),
wherein furthermore at least one edge cutting tool (620) is arranged on the circumference of the roller (50) such that it projects from the roller (50) in an axial direction at least when the roller (50) is in a rotary position in which the edge cutting tool (620) is located on an opposite side of the roller (50) from the bracing means (20),
and wherein the mining device comprises two rollers (50), the mutually facing sides of which are arranged at an acute angle to one another, such that the axes of rotation of the two rollers (50) enclose an obtuse angle. - Mining device (10) according to Claim 3, in which the two rollers (50) each have an edge cutting tool (620) that projects from the associated roller (50) in the direction of the other roller (50).
- Mining device (10) according to Claim 4, in which the two rollers (50) each have at least one further edge cutting tool (620) that projects from the associated roller (50) in the direction away from the other roller (50) .
- Mining device (10) according to Claim 4 or 5, in which the cutting tools (610) and the at least one edge cutting tool (620) of one roller (50) are arranged alternately with the cutting tools (610) and the at least one edge cutting tool (620) of the other roller (50).
- Mining device (1; 10) according to one of Claims 2 to 6, which is configured such that the two rollers (5; 50) are rotatable in the same direction.
- Mining device (1; 10) according to one of Claims 1 to 7, in which the cutting tools (61; 610) and the at least one edge cutting tool (62a, 62b; 620) comprise roller cutters.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP06017710.2A EP1760255B1 (en) | 2005-09-01 | 2006-08-25 | Mining apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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EP05019056A EP1760254A1 (en) | 2005-09-01 | 2005-09-01 | Mining apparatus |
EP06017710.2A EP1760255B1 (en) | 2005-09-01 | 2006-08-25 | Mining apparatus |
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EP1760255A1 EP1760255A1 (en) | 2007-03-07 |
EP1760255B1 true EP1760255B1 (en) | 2019-10-09 |
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EP06017710.2A Active EP1760255B1 (en) | 2005-09-01 | 2006-08-25 | Mining apparatus |
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CN102410016B (en) * | 2011-12-10 | 2013-11-20 | 中铁隧道装备制造有限公司 | Rectangular full-section continuous miner |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US1116354A (en) * | 1905-08-04 | 1914-11-03 | Edmund C Morgan | Mining-machine. |
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FR69551E (en) * | 1958-11-10 | |||
US475833A (en) * | 1892-05-31 | Coal-cutting machine | ||
US4035024A (en) * | 1975-12-15 | 1977-07-12 | Jarva, Inc. | Hard rock trench cutting machine |
US4486050A (en) * | 1983-02-08 | 1984-12-04 | Harrison Western Corporation | Rectangular tunnel boring machine and method |
JPH03262898A (en) * | 1990-03-12 | 1991-11-22 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Shield excavator |
US5205612A (en) * | 1990-05-17 | 1993-04-27 | Z C Mines Pty. Ltd. | Transport apparatus and method of forming same |
JP4266912B2 (en) * | 2004-10-18 | 2009-05-27 | 日立造船株式会社 | Excavation method and apparatus for shield machine |
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Patent Citations (1)
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US1116354A (en) * | 1905-08-04 | 1914-11-03 | Edmund C Morgan | Mining-machine. |
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