EP1760201B1 - Verfahren zum Anheben eines Gebäudes - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Anheben eines Gebäudes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1760201B1
EP1760201B1 EP06120139A EP06120139A EP1760201B1 EP 1760201 B1 EP1760201 B1 EP 1760201B1 EP 06120139 A EP06120139 A EP 06120139A EP 06120139 A EP06120139 A EP 06120139A EP 1760201 B1 EP1760201 B1 EP 1760201B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
load
thrust
bearing element
niche
edge
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EP06120139A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1760201A1 (de
Inventor
Vincenzo Collina
Gioacchino Marabello
Roberto Zago
Lamberto Zambianchi
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Mattioli SpA
SO L E S LAVORI EDILI E SERBATOI SpA SOC
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Mattioli SpA
SO L E S LAVORI EDILI E SERBATOI SpA SOC
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/06—Separating, lifting, removing of buildings; Making a new sub-structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D35/00—Straightening, lifting, or lowering of foundation structures or of constructions erected on foundations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/06—Separating, lifting, removing of buildings; Making a new sub-structure
    • E04G23/065—Lifting of buildings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for raising a building.
  • a raising intervention is needed when making an underground room under a building when one either cannot or does not want to excavate under the building itself.
  • Another raising operation is required when one wants to increase the working height of a floor so as to the make the floor itself fully accessible.
  • number 1 indicates as a whole a building, which rests on the ground 2 by means of a foundation structure 3 and which must be raised with respect to the ground 2.
  • Building 1 presents a number of load-bearing walls 4, each of which rests on foundation structure 3 and up to a roof 5 supporting four floors 6.
  • Building 1 also presents non-load-bearing walls, which are not shown in the attached figures.
  • a horizontal cut along a cutting line is made through each load-bearing wall 4 to define a lower portion and an upper portion of the load-bearing wall 4 reciprocally separated by the cutting line itself.
  • an upper edge 7 is made immediately over the cutting and line and through each load-bearing wall 4, which edge is horizontal and concerns either part or all of the extension of the load-bearing wall 4 both in width and in depth.
  • a lower edge 7 is made under the cutting line and through each load-bearing wall 4, which edge is horizontal and parallel to the upper edge 7 and concerns either part or all of the extension of the load-bearing wall 4 both in width and in depth.
  • Each edge 7 or 8 consists of a series of reinforced concrete or steel beams 9, which are inserted in the load-bearing walls 4 and connected together at least along the same load-bearing wall 4.
  • the insertion of a beam 9 within a load-bearing wall 4 envisages the formation through the load-bearing wall 4 itself of a through slot 10 and therefore the arrangement of beam 9 within slot 10.
  • at least two beams 9 in different instants are inserted for each load-bearing wall 4 and for each edge 7 and 8, so that a through slot 10 never concerns more than half the load-bearing wall 4 itself.
  • a series of niches 11 is formed after ending the formation of the edges 7 and 8 along all the load-bearing walls 4, between edges 7 and 8, each of which is upperly delimited by edge 7 and lowerly delimited by edge 8.
  • At least one thrust device 12 is arranged within each niche 11, which device on one side rests on lower edge 8 and on the other side is carried supportingly carried by upper edge 7.
  • each thrust device 12 is arranged within a niche 11 so as to exert a vertical thrust between lower edge 8 and upper edge 7, i.e. between the lower portion and the upper portion of load-bearing wall 4.
  • Each thrust device 12 is defined by a hydraulic jack, which presents a body 13 and an axially mobile rod 14 with respect to body 13 with an adjustable intensity force; in particular, body 13 rests on lower edge 8 while rod 14 is carried in contact with upper edge 7.
  • each thrust device 12 is operated to generate an intensity force determined between its body 13 and its rod 14; the result of the generation of such force is the static application of a vertical thrust of intensity equal to the value of the force itself, between lower edge 8 and upper edge 7, i.e. between the lower portion and the upper portion of load-bearing wall 4, to determine the progressive raising of the upper portion of load-bearing wall 4.
  • a control unit 15 is connected to thrust devices 12 for transmitting a control signal of the thrust to be applied to each thrust device 12; the control unit 15 is also connected to a series of pressure sensors 16, each of which is associated to a thrust device 12 for measuring the instantaneous pressure value exerted by thrust device 12 itself, and is connected to a series of wide base strain gauges 17 applied to the load-bearing walls of the building 1 and which are adapted to measure the strain induced by the raising of the building 1 itself.
  • control unit 15 can control by feedback thrust devices 12 and is adapted to detect the intensity of the thrust exerted by thrust devices 12 instant-by-instant. More in general, several control units 15 can be used (also redundant to prevent a calculation error from causing structural damage to the building 1), each of which controls a group of thrust devices 12.
  • control unit 15 (automatically or under the supervision of an operator) operates each thrust device 12 entirely independently so as to apply a determined thrust between lower edge 8 and upper edge 7 and so as to raise upper edge 7 (carrying the upper part of load-bearing wall 4) with respect to lower edge 8, i.e. with respect to the lower portion of load-bearing wall 4.
  • the instantaneous thrusts applied by a thrust device 12 are generally different from those applied by the other thrust devices 12 and are calculated instant-by-instant according to the type of raising required for building 1 and according to the signals from strain gauges 17.
  • a thrust device 12 when a thrust device 12 reaches its maximum extension, supporting piles are arranged around the thrust device 12, the thrust device is compressed and spacers 18 (shown in figure 4 ) are inserted between thrust device 12 and upper edge 7 and/or lower edge 8; at this point, the raising cycle may resume.
  • spacers 18 other similar solutions may be used, such as, for example, a sand spacing method; in this case, raising devices 12 are of the known type called 'sand jacks'.
  • edges 7 and 8 are to uniformly distribute the thrusts along the entire section of load-bearing walls 4 so as to avoid the concentration of thrusts in limited areas which could locally collapse. It is clear that according to the structural features of building 1, the formation of lower edge 8 and/or upper edge 7 may not be necessary.
  • a pair of thrust devices 12 is arranged at each niche 11 outside niche 11 on opposite bands of the niche 11 itself. Furthermore, within each niche 11 is arranged a horizontal thrust I-beam 20 (or other steel element) perpendicular to load-bearing wall 4; the two thrust devices 12 associated to each niche 11 are supportingly carried by upper edge 7 through thrust I-beam 20. It is apparent that in this second embodiment, niches 11 are very small in size, because each niche 11 does not need to contain a thrust device 12 but only needs to allow the passage of thrust I-beam 20. Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the formation of lower edge 8 is practically never required, because thrust devices 12 do not rest on the lower portion of load-bearing wall 4; consolidation or reinforcement of the floor 6 underneath on which trust devices 12 rest may be required instead.
  • no niches 11 are made through load-bearing walls 4 and each thrust device 12 rests on a lower floor 6 and is supportingly carried by an upper floor 6; in order to better distribute thrusts on each floor 6, a relatively large steel plate is generally interposed between each thrust device 12 and floor 6.
  • load-bearing walls 4 are cut immediately underneath upper floor 6 and consolidation of the two concerned floors 6 is generally required; for example, upper floor 6 may be remade by incorporating upper edge 7 itself in the remade floor 6.
  • foundation structure 3 may not rest directly on the ground 2 but instead rest on a further foundation structure provided with a high number of piles driven into the ground 2 underneath a waterway or a water basin (e.g. a lagoon); such constructive solution is typical of a building 1 made over water, because the piles of the further foundation structure are fixed into the ground underneath the water level and maintain building 1 over the water level.
  • a further foundation structure provided with a high number of piles driven into the ground 2 underneath a waterway or a water basin (e.g. a lagoon); such constructive solution is typical of a building 1 made over water, because the piles of the further foundation structure are fixed into the ground underneath the water level and maintain building 1 over the water level.
  • consolidation and strengthening works may be performed on building 1, in particular on load-bearing walls 4, before raising.
  • such consolidation works may envisage the installation of tie-rods between two load-bearing walls 4, the installation of bracing, the installation of cages which enclosure a load-bearing wall 4 or a portion of load-bearing wall 4, or the remaking of a floor 6 incorporating upper edge 7 in the remade floor 6 itself.
  • foundation structure 3 is not subjected to particularly high stress because it must support the weight of the building 1 increased by the weight of edges 7 and 8 and of thrust devices 12; it is important to stress that the weight of building 1 is generally much higher than that of edges 7 and 8 and of thrust devices 12, therefore the presence of edges 7 and 8 and of thrust devices 12 generally does not require consolidation interventions on the foundation structure.
  • building 1 presents only load-bearing walls 4; according to a different embodiment (not shown), the building 1 may also have other load-bearing elements (typically load-bearing columns) in combination with or instead of load-bearing walls 4.
  • load-bearing elements typically load-bearing columns
  • building 1 has one or more load-bearing walls 4 in common with other contiguous buildings, it is necessary to detach from the load-bearing wall 4 in common all floors 6 connected to the load-bearing wall 4 so as to allow the raising of the floors 6 with respect to the common load-bearing wall; at the end of the raising operation, the floors 6 must be reconnected to the common load-bearing wall 4.
  • the floor 6 itself must be appropriately supported by means of a temporary metallic frame next to, but not in contact with, load-bearing wall 4 in common.
  • the method described above may be applied also to particularly large buildings (indicatively with a base larger than 1000 m 2 ), which are divided into parts raised independently one from the other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Claims (22)

  1. Verfahren zum Anheben eines Bauwerkes (1), das mit einer Anzahl von lastabtragenden Elementen (4) versehen ist, wobei das Verfahren die Schritte aufweist:
    Ausbilden eines Horizontalschnittes durch jedes lastabtragende Element (4) hindurch entlang einer Schnittlinie zum Definieren eines unteren Abschnittes und eines oberen Abschnittes des lastabtragenden Elements (4), die von der Schnittlinie an sich gegenseitig getrennt sind,
    Anordnen einer Mehrzahl von Druckvorrichtungen (12), wobei jede von denselben zum Ausüben eines Vertikaldruckes zwischen dem unteren Abschnitt und dem oberen Abschnitt des lastabtragenden Elements (4) angepasst ist,
    Betätigung jeder Druckvorrichtung (12), so dass zwischen dem unteren Abschnitt und dem oberen Abschnitt des lastabtragenden Elements (4) ein Aufwärtsdruck angelegt wird, und ermitteln des allmählichen Anhebens des oberen Abschnittes des lastabtragenden Elements (4),
    Anordnen am Ende der Anhebebetätigung von einer Reihe von Stützpfeilern (19) zwischen dem unteren Abschnitt und dem oberen Abschnitt der lastabtragenden Elemente (4), und
    Beseitigen der Druckvorrichtungen (12).
  2. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 und aufweisend die weiteren Schritte:
    Ausbilden einer Reihe von Nischen (11) unmittelbar unterhalb der Schnittlinie und durch die lastabtragenden Elemente (4) hindurch, und
    Anordnen an jeder Nische von mindestens einer Druckvorrichtung (12), die zum Ausüben eines Vertikaldruckes zwischen dem unteren Abschnitt und dem oberen Abschnitt des lastabtragenden Elements (4) angepasst ist.
  3. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 2 und aufweisend den weiteren Schritt des Ausbildens durch jedes lastabtragende Element (4) hindurch von einem oberen Horizontalrand (7) an der Schnittlinie, wobei jede Nische (11) unmittelbar unterhalb des oberen Randes (7) ausgebildet wird, so dass die Nische (11) an sich oberhalb von dem oberen Rand (7) begrenzt ist, wobei jede Druckvorrichtung (12) von dem oberen Rand (7) stützend getragen wird.
  4. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 3 und aufweisend den weiteren Schritt des Ausbildens durch jedes lastabtragende Element (4) hindurch von einem unteren Rand (8), der horizontal und parallel zu dem oberen Rand (7) ist, wobei jede Nische (11) zwischen dem unteren Rand (8) und dem oberen Rand (7) ausgebildet ist, so dass die Nische (11) an sich oberhalb von dem oberen Rand (7) begrenzt ist und unterhalb von dem unteren Rand (8) begrenzt ist, wobei jede Druckvorrichtung (12) auf einer Seite von dem unteren Rand (8) abgestützt ist und auf der anderen Seite von dem oberen Rand stützend getragen wird.
  5. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 3 oder 4, wobei jeder Rand (7; 8) aus einer Reihe von Trägern (9) besteht, die innerhalb der lastabtragenden Elemente (4) eingesetzt werden.
  6. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 5, wobei wenigsten entlang eines selben lastabtragenden Elements (4) die Träger (9) miteinander verbunden sind.
  7. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 5 oder 6, wobei das Einsetzen eines Trägers (9) innerhalb eines lastabtragenden Elements (4) die Ausbildung eines Durchgangsschlitzes (10) durch das lastabtragende Element (4) an sich und daher die Anordnung des Trägers (9) innerhalb des Schlitzes (10) vorsieht.
  8. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 7, wobei für jedes lastabtragende Element (4) und für jeden Rand (7; 8) mindestens zwei Träger (9) in zwei unterschiedlichen Momenten eingesetzt werden, so dass ein Durchgangsschlitz (10) niemals mehr als die Hälfte des lastabtragenden Elements (4) an sich aufweist.
  9. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, wobei die Träger (9) aus bewehrtem Beton hergestellt sind.
  10. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche aus 5 bis 8, wobei die Träger (9) aus Stahl hergestellt sind.
  11. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche aus 2 bis 10, wobei jede Nische (11) im Inneren mindestens eine Druckvorrichtung (12) aufnimmt.
  12. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche aus 2 bis 10, wobei mindestens ein Paar von Druckvorrichtungen (12) an jeder Nische (11) außerhalb der Nische (11) auf gegenüberliegenden Streifen der Nische (11) an sich angeordnet sind.
  13. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 12, wobei innerhalb jeder Nische (11) ein horizontales Druckelement (20) senkrecht zu dem lastabtragenden Element (4) angeordnet ist, wobei die beiden Druckvorrichtungen (12), die je Nische (11) zugehörig sind, von dem oberen Abschnitt des lastabtragenden Elements (4) mittels einer Druckvorrichtung (20) stützend getragen werden.
  14. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 2, wobei jede Druckvorrichtung (12) auf einem unteren Boden (6) ruht und von einem oberen Boden (6) stützend getragen wird.
  15. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 14, wobei eine Stahlplatte zwischen jeder Druckvorrichtung (12) und jedem Boden (6) angeordnet ist.
  16. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 14 oder 15, wobei die lastabtragenden Elemente (4) unmittelbar unterhalb des oberen Bodens (6) geschnitten werden.
  17. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 14, 15 oder 16 und aufweisend die weiteren Schritte:
    Ausbilden durch jedes lastabtragende Element (4) hindurch von einem oberen horizontalen Rand (7) an jeder Schnittlinie, und
    Wiederausbilden des oberen Bodens (6), wobei der obere Rand (7) in den wiederausgebildeten Boden (6) an sich einbezogen wird.
  18. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche aus 1 bis 17, wobei jede Druckvorrichtung (12) von einem Hydraulikheber ausgebildet ist, der einen Körper (13) und eine Stange (14) aufweist, der bezüglich des Körpers mit einer einstellbaren Kraftstärke axial bewegbar ist.
  19. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche aus 1 bis 18, wobei das Anheben von mindestens einer Steuerungseinheit (15) gesteuert wird, die zum Antreiben der Druckvorrichtung (12) angepasst ist und an eine Anzahl von Dehnungsmessern (17) angeschlossen ist, die an dem Bauwerk (1) fixiert sind.
  20. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 19, wobei die Steuerungseinheit (15) an Sensoren (16) angeschlossen ist, die an Druckvorrichtungen (12) montiert sind zum Detektieren von einem Moment zum anderen der Stärke der Drücke, die von den Druckvorrichtungen (12) an sich ausgeübt werden.
  21. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 20, wobei die Steuerungseinheit (15) zum Steuern der Druckvorrichtungen (12) mit Rückkopplung angepasst ist.
  22. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 21, wobei momentane Drücke, die an jeder Druckvorrichtung (12) angelegt werden allgemein unterschiedlich zu jenen sind, die von anderen Druckvorrichtungen (12) angelegt werden und von einem Moment zum anderen gemäß dem Anhebetyp, der für das Bauwerk (1) erforderlich ist, und auf Basis der Signale aus den Dehnungsmessern (17) berechnet werden.
EP06120139A 2005-09-06 2006-09-05 Verfahren zum Anheben eines Gebäudes Active EP1760201B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000546A ITBO20050546A1 (it) 2005-09-06 2005-09-06 Metodo per sollevare un manufatto edilizio

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EP1760201A1 EP1760201A1 (de) 2007-03-07
EP1760201B1 true EP1760201B1 (de) 2008-05-21

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EP (1) EP1760201B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE396307T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602006001277D1 (de)
IT (1) ITBO20050546A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105862895B (zh) * 2016-03-28 2018-04-13 中国十七冶集团有限公司 一种沉井超沉复位的施工装置及施工方法
CN106320737B (zh) * 2016-08-30 2019-02-12 浙江鎏增古建园林工程有限公司 一种古建筑物整体顶升方法
US10683659B2 (en) * 2018-03-08 2020-06-16 Raul S. Nieves Method for raising a framed structure
US11313117B2 (en) 2018-03-08 2022-04-26 Raul S. Nieves Method for raising a framed structure

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3796055A (en) * 1972-05-19 1974-03-12 R Mahony Method and apparatus for underpinning and raising a building foundation
GB2024283A (en) * 1978-06-30 1980-01-09 Mctay Eng Co Ltd Underpinning
US6814524B1 (en) * 2001-10-02 2004-11-09 James L. Peterson Method and apparatus for lifting and stabilizing subsided slabs, flatwork and foundations of buildings
MY138488A (en) * 2003-08-11 2009-06-30 Ong Chin Chai Pile anchor head for an underpinning pile and method of preloading the same

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ATE396307T1 (de) 2008-06-15
ITBO20050546A1 (it) 2007-03-07
EP1760201A1 (de) 2007-03-07
DE602006001277D1 (de) 2008-07-03

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