EP1759397B1 - Autotransformator mit 40-grad-phasenverschiebung - Google Patents

Autotransformator mit 40-grad-phasenverschiebung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1759397B1
EP1759397B1 EP05717117A EP05717117A EP1759397B1 EP 1759397 B1 EP1759397 B1 EP 1759397B1 EP 05717117 A EP05717117 A EP 05717117A EP 05717117 A EP05717117 A EP 05717117A EP 1759397 B1 EP1759397 B1 EP 1759397B1
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Prior art keywords
autotransformer
phase
terminal
branch
winding
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French (fr)
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EP1759397A1 (de
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Christophe THALES Intellectual Property BRUZY
Francis THALES Intellectual Property BLANCHERY
Gérard THALES Intellectual Property MONROY
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Thales SA
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Thales SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F30/00—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00
    • H01F30/02—Auto-transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F30/00—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00
    • H01F30/06—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00 characterised by the structure
    • H01F30/12—Two-phase, three-phase or polyphase transformers
    • H01F30/14—Two-phase, three-phase or polyphase transformers for changing the number of phases

Definitions

  • the invention relates to autotransformers used in particular for converting alternating electrical energy (AC) into continuous energy (DC).
  • AC / DC conversion from a three-phase supply network current uses rectifier bridges; in the theory it would be enough to single bridge two times three diodes to make the rectification of three-phase current in direct current; but in practice the use of a single bridge fed by the three-phase network produces a DC current affected by excessive residual oscillation, which is not acceptable for many applications.
  • the rectification causes a reinjection of currents in the network, these currents having harmonic frequencies of the frequency of the AC supply current. These reinjections of harmonics are not acceptable if they are too important.
  • the three-phase system whose three phases are spaced 120 °, can be converted into a nine-phase system spaced 40 ° which can be considered as a system of three three-phase networks shifted by 40 °, one by report to the other.
  • Three bridges of six diodes are used, each bridge being powered by one of these networks.
  • These AC / DC converters with eighteen diodes are also called 18-pulse converters.
  • the residual ripples become weak, the reinjections of harmonics too.
  • the nine phases are produced from transformers. Autotransformers can be used to reduce weight and bulk if there is no isolation constraint between supply side potentials and utilization side potentials.
  • the patent US 5,124,904 describes an 18-pulse converter.
  • the DC voltage obtained from this nine-phase system is higher than that obtained from three phases, for various reasons, including the fact that the residual oscillation is lower and the DC voltage depends on the average value of the residual oscillation.
  • it may be desirable that this change in DC voltage level is not possible when the 6-diode rectification is replaced by a rectification with 18 diodes.
  • To avoid a higher DC voltage than that which would give a rectification simply three-phase (for the same value of three-phase supply voltage) must then provide in the autotransformer additional means of voltage reduction.
  • an embodiment provides that these means are constituted by additional windings that increase the complexity and weight, as well as leakage reactance rates.
  • the patent US 5,619,407 discloses an autotransformer according to the preamble of claim 1 and proposes a different solution for reducing the DC voltage supplied at the output of the rectifier bridges.
  • This solution does not use additional windings, but it is unsatisfactory because it results in a non-symmetrical autotransformer structure; this absence of symmetry leads to a harmonic distortion and therefore a too important reinjection of harmonics towards the supply network; this distortion is even more significant that the percentage of voltage reduction is significant (percentage relative to the DC voltage that would provide the simple three-phase rectification).
  • a step-up or voltage-reducing autotransformer intended to be connected to a three-phase voltage supply of given amplitude and providing nine phase output voltages distributed by 40 ° at 40 ° and identical amplitudes more. weak or stronger than the amplitude between neutral and phase of the three-phase power supply;
  • the autotransformer comprises a magnetic core with three branches and on each magnetic branch a main winding having a first and a second terminal, the three main windings being electrically connected to each other in a triangle configuration, the main winding of a given branch having between its first and second terminals, first, second, and third intermediate holds.
  • the autotransformer is characterized in that it also comprises, on each magnetic branch, three auxiliary windings, the first auxiliary winding of another branch having a first terminal connected respectively to a first intermediate tap of the main winding of the given branch and a second input or output terminal having a voltage in phase with the voltage present on the first terminal of this main winding, the second and third auxiliary windings of the given branch each having a first terminal connected to a second or third intermediate tap; one or the other of the other branches and a second terminal constituting a respective output among nine outputs of the autotransformer.
  • phase of the voltage on the second terminal of an auxiliary winding is determined by the position of the intermediate tap to which this coil is connected, by the number of turns of the auxiliary winding, and by the choice of the magnetic branch on which this winding is placed.
  • the assembly may be as follows: the first auxiliary winding of a first branch is connected to the first intermediate tap of the main winding of a second branch, the first terminal of the main winding of the second branch being connected to the second terminal of the winding principal of the first branch.
  • the first and second terminals of the main windings constitute inputs of the autotransformer, intended to be powered by the three-phase voltage to be transformed, and the second terminal of the first auxiliary winding of a branch constitutes a direct output of the autotransformer, in phase with a voltage on a terminal of the three-phase power supply.
  • the auxiliary winding connected to the direct output in phase with the three-phase voltage present on this input is mounted on the third magnetic branch.
  • the first and second terminals of the main windings constitute direct outputs of the autotransformer, in phase with the voltages of the three-phase power supply, and the second terminal of the first auxiliary winding of each branch constitutes a respective input of the three-phase power supply.
  • the auxiliary winding connected to an input in phase with this output is mounted on the third magnetic branch.
  • the invention also proposes an AC-DC converter characterized in that it uses an autotransformer as defined above, a live diode being connected between each output of the autotransformer and a positive output of the converter and a reverse diode. being connected between each output of the autotransformer and a negative output of the converter.
  • this converter it is not necessary to interpose interphase inductors between each group of three diodes and a respective output of the converter as is the case in some assemblies of the prior art.
  • the terminals of the secondary windings are not not connected across the primary windings or other circuit elements on the primary side.
  • the terminals of the secondary windings can be connected to the terminals of the primary windings or to intermediate taps formed in the primary windings.
  • the invention relates to autotransformers.
  • phase and the amplitude of the voltage can be represented by a vector whose length represents the amplitude of the AC voltage (single or differential) and whose orientation represents the 0 ° to 360 ° phase of this AC voltage.
  • vector compositions are sought which, from the three starting phases, make it possible to manufacture the nine desired phases.
  • the vectors used in this composition are obtained on the one hand from points representing the terminals of main or auxiliary windings and on the other hand from points representing intermediate taps of these windings.
  • the voltage obtained between two intermediate taps of a main winding is in phase with the voltage of the main winding (the vectors are therefore collinear); its amplitude is a fraction of the voltage at the terminals of the main winding, this fraction being a function of the ratio between the number of winding turns located between the intermediate taps and the total number of turns of the main winding; the relative length of the vector representing the voltage between two intermediate taps of a coil is determined by this ratio of number of turns.
  • the voltage obtained at the terminals of an auxiliary winding associated with the main winding (that is to say traversed by the same magnetic flux thus wound at the same place on the same magnetic branch) is in phase with the voltage at the terminals of the main winding (the vectors are therefore parallel) and its amplitude is also determined by the ratio between the number of turns of the auxiliary winding and the number of turns of the main winding; the length of the vector representing the voltage in the auxiliary winding is therefore, relative to the length of the vector representing the voltage in the main winding, in the ratio of the number of turns.
  • main winding will be used to designate a winding having two ends and intermediate taps, this name does not mean that the main winding is necessarily a primary winding of the autotransformer. Indeed, in some embodiments (voltage-reducing transformer) the main winding will actually be a primary winding in the sense that it is directly powered by a voltage to be converted; but in other embodiments (step-up transformer) the main winding will not be a primary winding since the three-phase power to be converted will not be applied across this winding.
  • FIG. 2 represents a vector composition that makes it possible to achieve the present invention, in the case of a voltage-reducing autotransformer.
  • the three-phase feed of the autotransformer is applied to three input points E1, E2, E3 of the autotransformer and the three main windings B12, B23, B31 will be directly connected, in a triangle configuration, between these three terminals: winding B12 between terminals E1 and E2; winding B23 between terminals E2 and E3, winding B31 between terminals E3 and E1.
  • Three-phase power comes from an AC power distribution network at a frequency that depends on the applications.
  • the frequency is often 400 Hz and it can also be 800 Hz.
  • a neutral point of origin O is arbitrarily defined and the single input and output voltages of the autotransformer are referenced with respect to this point.
  • the vector OE1 represents the amplitude and the phase of the single voltage present on the terminal E1 of the three-phase power supply.
  • the neutral point O is a virtual point (triangle input and output) of the circuit; if we assume that the three-phase supply applied at E1, E2, E3 is well balanced, the neutral point represents the reference point where the vector sum of the voltages OE1, OE2, OE3 is zero.
  • the point O is the center of an equilateral triangle whose vertices are the points E1, E2, E3.
  • the vectors OE2 and OE3, of the same amplitude as the vector OE1 are respectively oriented at + 120 ° and -120 ° of the reference vector OE1.
  • the vectors E1 E2, E2E3, E3E1 represent the amplitudes and phases of the voltages between lines of the supply, applied across the windings primary. They are 120 ° from each other.
  • the first letter of a vector is considered as the origin of the vector and the second letter is the culmination of the vector; thus, OE1 represents the vector starting from O and going up to E1 and not the opposite.
  • phase of the single voltage OE1 (vertical direction) has been chosen as the phase reference.
  • the direction of the vector E1E2 is at + 150 °; that of the vector E2E3 is + 270 °; and that of the vector E3E1 is at + 30 °.
  • the vector composition of FIG. 2 makes it possible to manufacture nine phase voltages at 40 ° to one another and of identical amplitudes, which is lower than that of the three-phase supply voltage.
  • three of the nine phases are aligned with the phases OE1, OE2, OE3 of the three-phase supply of the autotransformer.
  • k is less than 1 and can go down to about 0.56.
  • the vectors OA1, OA2, OA3 are aligned with the vectors OE1, OE2, OE3 respectively and are therefore spaced 120 ° apart from each other.
  • the vectors of the second system define three points B1, B2, B3 on the same circle of center O and radius Va '.
  • the vectors OB1, OB2, OB3 are deduced from the vectors OA1, OA2, OA3 by rotation of + 40 °.
  • the vectors of the third system are deduced from the vectors OB1, OB2, OB3 by a new rotation of +40 ° (one could also say that the vectors of the third system are deduced from the vectors OA1, OA2 , OA3 by a rotation of -40 °, which is strictly the same by inverting the appellations C1 and C3).
  • the point K1 is the point of intersection between the vector E1E2 and a line passing through the point A1 and parallel to the vector E3E1. It will be seen that in another possible embodiment, the line passing through A1 is drawn parallel to the vector E2E3 rather than E3E1.
  • the point K'1 is the point of intersection of the vector E1 E2 with a line passing through the point B1 and drawn parallel to the vector E2E3.
  • the point K "1 is the point of intersection of the vector E1E2 with a line passing through the point C1 and drawn parallel to the vector E3E1.
  • lengths referred to the length of the vector E1 E2 will define numbers of turns of coils relative to the total number N of turns of the primary winding.
  • the points A1, B1 and C1 are determined from the vectors K1A1, K'1B1, and K "1C1 whose orientations are not those of the vector E1E2.
  • the voltages corresponding to these vectors will therefore be defined from auxiliary coils;
  • Auxiliary windings are placed on the two other magnetic branches M23 and M31 of the magnetic circuit, which windings will have a first end connected to an intermediate tap, K1, K'1 or K "1 respectively, of the main winding B12 and a second end which will constitute an output A1, B1 or C1 respectively of the autotransformer.
  • an auxiliary winding placed on the third branch M31 of the magnetic circuit (the one carrying the third primary winding B31 connected between E3 and E1) will be used to establish a voltage represented by the vector K1A1 since this vector is parallel to the vector E3E1.
  • This coil will have one end connected to the socket K1 and its other end will constitute an output terminal A1 of the autotransformer.
  • an auxiliary coil placed on the second branch of the magnetic circuit (the one carrying the second main winding B23 connected between E2 and E3) will be used to establish a voltage represented by the vector K'1B1 since the vector K'1B1 is parallel to E2E3.
  • This coil will have one end connected to the socket K'1 and its other end will be a second output B1 of the autotransformer, shifted in phase of 40 ° with respect to the output A1.
  • an auxiliary winding placed on the third magnetic branch M31 (the one carrying the main winding B31 connected between E3 and E1) will be used to establish the voltage K "1C 1.
  • This coil will have an end connected to the intermediate tap K" 1 and another end defining a third output C1 shifted by 40 ° with respect to the second.
  • the other outputs A2, B2, C2 and the outputs A3, B3, C3 are carried out according to the same principle, by circular permutation.
  • FIG. 3 represents the coils located on the first branch M12 of the magnetic circuit: the main winding B12 located between the input terminals E1 and E2, with its intermediate taps K1, K'1 and K "1 and three auxiliary windings X12. , Y12 and Z12, which are located on the same magnetic branch M12 as the main winding B12 and are traversed by the same magnetic flux, but which are not connected directly to the main winding B12.
  • These auxiliary windings X12, Y12, Z12 produce the voltages represented by the vectors K2A2, K'3B3, and K "2C2 which must all be in phase (or phase opposition) with the voltage of the main winding B12.
  • These coils are each connected between an intermediate tap K2, K'3 or K "2 of the main windings B23 and B31 and a respective output A2, B3 or C2 of the autotransformer.
  • the second magnetic branch M23 of the autotransformer comprises a main winding B23 connected between the terminals E2 and E3, with its intermediate taps K2, K'2, K "2, and three secondary windings X23, Y23, Z23 for realizing the vector voltages K3A3, K'1B1, and K "3C3 in phase or phase opposition with the supply voltage applied to the main winding B23 situated between E2 and E3.
  • the turns of X23, Y23, Z23 are again nx, ny and nz.
  • the numbers of turns n2, n2, n2 that define the intermediate sockets are the same as the numbers n1, n1, n "1.
  • the third magnetic branch M31 with its main winding B31 N turns and its intermediate taps K3, K'3, K “3 with numbers of turns n3, n'3, n" 3 identical to the numbers n1, n1, n "1 and n2, n2, n" 2.
  • N can be 73 turns
  • n1, n2, n3 can be 3 turns
  • n1, n2 , n'3 about fifteen turns
  • n "1, n" 2 n "3 about 60 turns
  • nx equal to n1, 3 turns
  • ny and nz equal to about fifteen turns.
  • FIG. 4 shows the three magnetic branches with their respective main and secondary winding assemblies, and this time with the connections which completely establish the amplitudes and phases of desired voltages allowing the outputs A1, B1, C1, A2, B2, C2, A3 B3, C3 represent a nine-phase system having the desired amplitude Va 'and which can directly feed a system of three rectifier bridges of 6 diodes each.
  • FIG. 4 shows the three magnetic branches with their respective main and secondary winding assemblies, and this time with the connections which completely establish the amplitudes and phases of desired voltages allowing the outputs A1, B1, C1, A2, B2, C2, A3 B3, C3 represent a nine-phase system having the desired amplitude Va 'and which can directly feed a system of three rectifier bridges of 6 diodes each.
  • the diagram of FIG. 4 and the vector diagram of FIG. 2 can be modified in that the winding which produces the phase-shifted voltage of + 40 ° in B1 could be a winding of the branch M31 rather than a winding of the branch M23, and conversely the winding that produces the phase-shifted voltage of -40 ° on C1 would be on the M23 branch rather than M31.
  • the number of turns of this winding and especially the position of the intermediate jacks K'1 and K "1 would be changed since the point K'1 would now be the intersection with E1E2 of a straight line parallel to E3E1 and not E2E3; K "1 would be the intersection of E1E2 with a line parallel to E2E3.
  • FIG. 5 represents, in the form of a vector composition
  • FIG. 6 represents, in material form, a variant in which the output voltage on the terminal A1 is obtained from a winding X23a wound on the magnetic branch M23 and connected at an intermediate tap K1a of winding B12, and not by an X31 winding on branch M31.
  • Points A2 and A3 follow the same principle as point A1, by circular permutation.
  • the points B1, B2, B3, C1, C2, C3 are obtained in the same manner as in FIGS. 2 and 4.
  • the measurement of E1K1a (or the trigonometric calculation) gives the number of turns n1a between E1 and the first intermediate tap K1a (there is no longer the tap K1 of FIG. 2).
  • K1aA1 gives the number of turns nxa of winding X23a which serves to establish this vector.
  • the vectors K'1B1 and K “1C1 which give the points K'1 and K" 1 are obtained in the same manner as in FIG. 2 and their measurement gives the position of the intermediate taps K'1 and K "1.
  • FIG. 6 represents, for the M12 branch, the windings corresponding to this variant, with their connections: the main winding B12 between E1 and E2 comprises the intermediate taps K1a, K'1 and K "1.
  • winding X23a with nxa turns, and the other end of this winding constitutes the output terminal A1 of the autotransformer.
  • the winding X23a is wound on the magnetic branch M23 in the same direction as the main winding B23.
  • the output terminals A2, B2, C2 are obtained from the other main and auxiliary windings by circular permutation. As explained with respect to the embodiment of FIG. 2, the points B1 and C1 could be obtained from windings Y31 and Z23 rather than Y23 and Z31, the outlets K'1 and K "1 being then not in the same places. .
  • the point K1a may lie between the terminal E1 and the terminal K'1 (case of FIG. 5, for k relatively close to 1) or between the terminal K ' 1 and terminal E2 (k less than about 2/3).
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 has a significant advantage in terms of control of leakage fluxes. This results from the fact that for the same voltage reduction coefficient k, the length of the vector E1K1a of FIG. 5 is greater than that of the vector E1K1 of FIG. 2.
  • the output A1 can be obtained from a vector symmetric vector K1A1 (or K1aA1) with respect to the axis OE1. This is the same, but, depending on the physical constitution of the windings on the magnetic cores, it can facilitate the connections between windings (in the winding connections of the power autotransformers cross connections must be avoided and connections must be used the shortest possible).
  • the point K1 serving as starting point for an auxiliary winding for producing a voltage on the terminal A1 in phase with the terminal E1 would be replaced by an intermediate socket of the winding B31 (between E3 and E1 but close to E1).
  • the auxiliary winding from this jack (K1s, not shown) to the A1 point would be a winding on the branch M12 of the magnetic core, rotating in the same direction as the winding connected between E1 and E2.
  • an auxiliary winding wound on branch M23 would be connected, and rotating from A1 to K1as in the same direction as the main winding B23 connected between E2 and E3.
  • an intermediate tap K1 on the main winding B12 close to E1
  • an intermediate tap K1s symmetrical of K1 with respect to the straight line OA1
  • two auxiliary windings departing respectively from these two points K1 and K1s and ending at the same terminal A1, one of these windings being on the branch M31 and the other on the branch M12.
  • FIG. 7 represents another variant embodiment intended to raise the voltage on the nine phases with respect to the value of the three-phase supply voltage.
  • the ratio k is in this case greater than 1.
  • the main windings which are used in the construction and which comprise intermediate taps are no longer the primary windings of the transformer, ie they are no longer connected between the input terminals E1, E2, E3 of the transformer .
  • the vector construction is as follows: one draws the vectors OE1, OE2, OE3 at 120 ° from each other, representing the three-phase power supply, the terminals E1, E2, E3 being the inputs of the transformer.
  • the terminals A1, A2, A3 constitute three first output terminals (direct outputs) of the autotransformer.
  • the points B1, B2, B3 (out-of-phase outputs of + 40 °) are determined on the circle of center O and of radius OA1, such that OB1, OB2, OB3 are out of phase by + 40 ° with respect to OA1, OA2, OA3.
  • the points C1, C2, C3 (out of phase outputs of + 80 °) on the same circle are also determined, such that OC1, OC2, OC3 are out of phase by + 80 ° with respect to OA1, OA2, OA3.
  • FIG. 8 represents the configuration of the windings associated with the magnetic branch M12 and with the main winding B12 (between A1 and A2) of this branch; As in Figure 6, the coils of the same magnetic branch are shown on the same line and next to each other although in practice they are wound on each other, or nested within one another.
  • the step-up autotransformer of FIGS. 7 and 8 (k> 1) operates by applying a three-phase voltage to the inputs E1, E2, E3 and by collecting on the direct outputs A1, A2, A3, the out-of-phase outputs of + 40 ° B1, B2, B3 and out-of-phase outputs of -40 ° C3, C2, C1, a nine-phase voltage of magnitude k times higher than the three-phase starting voltage.
  • FIG. 7 it is also possible to modify FIG. 7; the most advantageous modification consists in connecting not only a single auxiliary winding of the intermediate tap K'1b to the terminal E1, but two windings which are vectorially symmetrical with respect to the straight line OA1.
  • a fourth intermediate tap K1bs, not shown
  • the main winding B23 at a distance (that is to say a number of turns) from the terminal A1 which is the same as the distance between A1 and K1b.
  • a fourth intermediate tap is also provided. (K1bs) located on the other, with the same number of turns on the one hand between the common terminal (A1) and the first intermediate socket (K1b) and on the other hand between said fourth intermediate socket (K1bs) and the terminal common; starting from these two intermediate jacks (K1b and K1bs), two auxiliary windings are connected which are both connected to the terminal (E1) which is in phase with the voltage on the common terminal A1; terminal E1 is here an input terminal.
  • the autotransformer is a voltage booster or a voltage booster, it can be used directly to realize an AC / DC voltage converter.
  • the three-phase power supply is connected to the inputs E1, E2 and E3 and the outputs of the autotransformer AT are connected to a triple bridge rectifier of three times six diodes.
  • the direct outputs (A1, A2, A3) are connected to a first bridge PA of six diodes Da1, Da2, Da3, Da'1, Da'2, Da'3.
  • the out of phase +40 ° outputs are connected to a second bridge PB of six diodes Db1, Db2, Db3, Db'1, Db'2, Db'3.
  • the out-of-phase outputs of -40 ° are connected to a third PC bridge of six diodes Dc1, Dc2, Dc3, Dc'1, Dc'2, Dc'3.
  • the three rectifier bridges have common outputs S and S 'which constitute the outputs of the converter.
  • the diode Da1 is connected directly between the output A1 and a positive terminal S constituting one of the two DC output terminals of the converter.
  • the diode Da'1 is connected in reverse between the output A1 and a negative terminal S 'constituting the other continuous output terminal of the converter.
  • connection is the same for all the other diodes: the diode Da2 and the diode Da'2 are connected directly and inversely respectively between A1 on the one hand and S and S 'respectively on the other hand.
  • the diode Db1 and the diode Bb'1 are connected directly and inversely respectively between B1 on the one hand and S and S 'on the other hand.
  • a live diode is connected between an output terminal of the autotransformer and the S terminal and a reverse diode is reverse connected between this output terminal and the S 'terminal.

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Claims (10)

  1. Spannungserhöhender oder spannungssenkender Autotransformator, der dazu bestimmt ist, mit einer Dreiphasen-Spannungsversorgung mit gegebener Amplitude verbunden zu werden und neun Ausgangsspannungen mit in einem Abstand von 40° zu 40° verteilten Phasen und gleichen Amplituden liefert, die höher oder niedriger als die Amplitude zwischen Nullleiter und Phase der Dreiphasenversorgung sind, wobei der Autotransformator einen Magnetkern mit drei Schenkeln (M12, M23, M31) und auf jedem Magnetschenkel eine Hauptwicklung (B12) aufweist, die eine erste (E1) und eine zweite Klemme (E2) hat, wobei die drei Hauptwicklungen (B12, B23, B31) in einer Dreieckschaltung elektrisch miteinander verbunden sind, wobei die Hauptwicklung (B12) eines gegebenen Schenkels (M12) zwischen ihrer ersten und ihrer zweiten Klemme einen ersten (K1a), einen zweiten (K'1) und einen dritten (K"1) Mittenabgriff hat, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er auch auf jedem Magnetschenkel (M12) drei Hilfswicklungen (X12, Y12, Z12) aufweist, wobei die erste Hilfswicklung (X23a) eines anderen Schenkels (M23) eine erste Klemme je mit einem ersten Mittenabgriff (K1a) der Hauptwicklung (B12) des gegebenen Schenkels verbunden hat und eine zweite Eingangs- oder Ausgangsklemme (A1) eine Spannung aufweist, die mit der auf der ersten Klemme (E1) dieser Hauptwicklung vorhandenen Spannung phasengleich ist, wobei die zweite und die dritte Hilfswicklung (Y12, Z12) des gegebenen Schenkels je eine erste Klemme mit einem zweiten (K"2) oder einem dritten (K'3) Mittenabgriff des einen oder des anderen der anderen Schenkel verbunden hat und eine zweite Klemme (C2, B3) einen jeweiligen Ausgang unter neun Ausgängen des Autotransformators bildet.
  2. Autotransformator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Hilfswicklung (X12) des ersten Schenkels (M12) mit dem ersten Mittenabgriff (K2) der Hauptwicklung (B23) eines zweiten Schenkels (M23) verbunden ist, wobei die erste Klemme (E2) der Hauptwicklung des zweiten Schenkels mit der zweiten Klemme (E2) der Hauptwicklung des ersten Schenkels verbunden ist.
  3. Autotransformator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er einen spannungssenkenden Autotransformator bildet, dass die erste und die zweite Klemme der Hauptwicklungen Eingänge (E1, E2, E3) des Autotransformators bilden, die dazu bestimmt sind, mit der umzuwandelnden Dreiphasenspannung gespeist zu werden, und dass die zweite Klemme der ersten Hilfswicklung (X12) eines Schenkels (M12) einen direkten Ausgang (A2, A3) des Autotransformators bildet, der mit einer Spannung an einer Klemme (E2, E3) der Dreiphasenversorgung phasengleich ist.
  4. Autotransformator nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass, da zwei auf zwei unterschiedliche Magnetschenkel (M12, M31) montierte Hauptwicklungen (B12, B31) mit einem Eingang (E1) des Autotransformators verbunden sind, die Hilfswicklung (X23a), die mit dem direkten Ausgang (A1) verbunden ist, der mit der an diesem Eingang vorhandenen Dreiphasenspannung phasengleich ist, auf den dritten Magnetschenkel (M23) montiert ist.
  5. Autotransformator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er einen spannungserhöhenden Autotransformator bildet, dass die erste und die zweite Klemme der Hauptwicklungen direkte Ausgänge (A1, A2, A3) des Autotransformators bilden, die mit den Spannungen der Dreiphasenversorgung phasengleich sind, und dass die zweite Klemme der ersten Hilfswicklung (X23b, X31b, X12b) jedes Schenkels einen jeweiligen Eingang (E1, E2, E3) der Dreiphasenversorgung bildet.
  6. Autotransformator nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass, da zwei auf zwei unterschiedliche Magnetschenkel (M12, M31) montierte Hauptwicklungen mit dem gleichen direkten Ausgang (A1) des Autotransformators in der Dreieckschaltung verbunden sind, die Hilfswicklung, die mit einem Eingang (E1), der mit diesem Ausgang phasengleich ist, verbunden ist, auf den dritten Magnetschenkel (M23) montiert ist.
  7. Autotransformator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Mittenabgriff (K1, K1a) einer Hauptwicklung sich zwischen einer ersten Klemme (E1, A1) dieser Hauptwicklung und dem zweiten Mittenabgriff (K'1) befindet.
  8. Autotransformator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Mittenabgriff (K1, K1a) einer Hauptwicklung sich zwischen dem zweiten (K'1) und dritten (K"1) Mittenabgriff dieser Wicklung befindet.
  9. Autotransformator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass, wenn man zwei mit der gleichen gemeinsamen Klemme (E1 oder A1) verbundene Hauptwicklungen (B12, B31) und den auf einer von ihnen vorgesehenen ersten Mittenabgriff betrachtet, auch ein vierter Mittenabgriff, der sich auf der anderen befindet, mit der gleichen Anzahl von Windungen einerseits zwischen der gemeinsamen Klemme und dem ersten Mittenabgriff und andererseits zwischen der gemeinsamen Klemme und dem vierten Mittenabgriff, und ausgehend von diesen zwei Mittenabgriffen, zwei Hilfswicklungen vorgesehen werden, die mit der zweiten Eingangs- oder Ausgangsklemme verbunden sind, die mit der Spannung auf der gemeinsamen Klemme phasengleich ist.
  10. Wechselstrom-Gleichstrom-Wandler, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er einen Autotransformator nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche verwendet, wobei eine direkte Diode (Da1) zwischen jedem Ausgang (A1) des Autotransformators und einem positiven Ausgang (S) des Wandlers und eine inverse Diode (Da'1) zwischen jedem Ausgang (A1) des Autotransformators und einem negativen Ausgang (S') des Wandlers verbunden ist.
EP05717117A 2004-05-07 2005-03-21 Autotransformator mit 40-grad-phasenverschiebung Active EP1759397B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0404955A FR2870039B1 (fr) 2004-05-07 2004-05-07 Autotransformateur a dephasage de 40 degres
PCT/EP2005/051304 WO2005109457A1 (fr) 2004-05-07 2005-03-21 Autotransformateur a dephasage de 40°

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EP1759397A1 EP1759397A1 (de) 2007-03-07
EP1759397B1 true EP1759397B1 (de) 2007-10-17

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EP (1) EP1759397B1 (de)
DE (1) DE602005002955T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2294690T3 (de)
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WO (1) WO2005109457A1 (de)

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FR2875971B1 (fr) * 2004-09-24 2006-11-10 Thales Sa Convertisseur alternatif-continu pour l'aeronautique
FR2896333B1 (fr) * 2006-01-16 2008-03-28 Thales Sa Autotransformateur a dephasage de 20[
US9236811B2 (en) 2010-07-15 2016-01-12 Saab Ab Multiphase transformer rectifier unit
CN102226970A (zh) * 2011-04-09 2011-10-26 杭州日芝电气有限公司 一种多抽头大型自耦干式变压器
US8873263B2 (en) * 2012-04-17 2014-10-28 Hamilton Sunstrand Corporation Dual-input 18-pulse autotransformer rectifier unit for an aircraft AC-DC converter
US9077237B2 (en) 2012-10-31 2015-07-07 Honeywell International Inc. Composite AC-to-DC power converter with boosting capabilities
US10665384B2 (en) * 2017-07-31 2020-05-26 Thales Voltage step-up autotransformer, and AC-to-DC converter comprising such an autotransformer
CN109545528B (zh) * 2018-12-20 2023-10-03 吉安伊戈尔电气有限公司 三相变九相升压降压自耦移相变压器
US11581131B2 (en) * 2019-07-16 2023-02-14 Eldec Corporation Asymmetric 24-pulse autotransformer rectifier unit for turboelectric propulsion, and associated systems and methods
CN112289570B (zh) * 2020-10-28 2021-10-26 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 一种延边三角自耦变压器
CN112886833A (zh) * 2021-01-18 2021-06-01 中国商用飞机有限责任公司北京民用飞机技术研究中心 一种18脉变压整流器绕组

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FR2870039A1 (fr) 2005-11-11
EP1759397A1 (de) 2007-03-07
WO2005109457A1 (fr) 2005-11-17
ES2294690T3 (es) 2008-04-01
FR2870039B1 (fr) 2006-08-04
DE602005002955T2 (de) 2008-07-24
US7474188B2 (en) 2009-01-06
DE602005002955D1 (de) 2007-11-29
US20080130320A1 (en) 2008-06-05

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