EP1758135B1 - Switch unit - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP1758135B1
EP1758135B1 EP06015731A EP06015731A EP1758135B1 EP 1758135 B1 EP1758135 B1 EP 1758135B1 EP 06015731 A EP06015731 A EP 06015731A EP 06015731 A EP06015731 A EP 06015731A EP 1758135 B1 EP1758135 B1 EP 1758135B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
switch unit
operating
switch
elastic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP06015731A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1758135A3 (en
EP1758135A2 (en
Inventor
Manuel Petzold
Sascha Staude
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Schalter und Sensoren GmbH
Original Assignee
Valeo Schalter und Sensoren GmbH
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Publication of EP1758135A2 publication Critical patent/EP1758135A2/en
Publication of EP1758135A3 publication Critical patent/EP1758135A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1758135B1 publication Critical patent/EP1758135B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/78—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard characterised by the contacts or the contact sites
    • H01H13/807—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard characterised by the contacts or the contact sites characterised by the spatial arrangement of the contact sites, e.g. superimposed sites
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/36—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by sliding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/14—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch adapted for operation by a part of the human body other than the hand, e.g. by foot
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H2003/0293—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch with an integrated touch switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2217/00—Facilitation of operation; Human engineering
    • H01H2217/032—Feedback about selected symbol, e.g. display
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2219/00—Legends
    • H01H2219/036—Light emitting elements
    • H01H2219/04—Attachments; Connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2225/00—Switch site location
    • H01H2225/002—Switch site location superimposed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2225/00—Switch site location
    • H01H2225/03—Different type of switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2239/00—Miscellaneous
    • H01H2239/006—Containing a capacitive switch or usable as such
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2239/00—Miscellaneous
    • H01H2239/074—Actuation by finger touch

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switch unit with an actuatable by movement actuator, wherein the actuating element is associated with a proximity sensor whose electrical contact has at least one elastic element which exerts a contact force on at least one associated contact element.
  • the proximity sensors of such switch units may be based on a capacitive or an inductive principle. Capacitive proximity sensors may have capacitors whose capacitance changes as the sensor approaches or contacts, the change being made by means of an evaluation unit can be detected.
  • inductive proximity sensors a high-frequency alternating electromagnetic field is generated by an oscillator. If an object penetrates into this alternating field, the oscillator voltage is attenuated, whereby a corresponding output signal changes.
  • the switch unit may for example be arranged in a motor vehicle and be triggered by proximity or touch of the finger of a person steering the motor vehicle.
  • a second switching function can be realized in a conventional manner.
  • the described switch units are manufactured in large quantities. Therefore, it is important to be able to produce the switch unit as inexpensively as possible. At the same time, however, a reliable electrical contacting of the proximity sensor must be ensured.
  • switch units that are used in a higher-value environment that the switch unit gives the operator a certain tactile feedback upon actuation of the actuator.
  • This feedback which can also be described with the catch phrase "haptic" is influenced, for example, by the quality of the operating surface of the actuating element.
  • the feedback to an operator but also influenced by what force is required in which position of the actuating element to move the actuator or to keep in an actuated state.
  • the present invention has the object to provide a switch unit with as few components as possible, which allows reliable contact with the proximity sensor and at the same time opens up the possibility to affect the feedback that gives the actuator in its operation exactly.
  • the contact force at an angle, in particular substantially perpendicular to the actuating direction of the actuating element acts that the elastic element is arranged on a relative to the actuating element stationary carrier, and that the contact element arranged on the actuating element and with the proximity sensor is integrally formed.
  • the object is also achieved in that the contact force is angled, in particular acts substantially perpendicular to the actuating direction of the actuating element, that the elastic element arranged on the actuating element and integrally formed with the proximity sensor eist, and that the associated contact element is stationary.
  • the elastic element Due to the redirection of the contact force from a direction parallel to the direction of actuation in an angled direction, the elastic element does not have to a direction parallel to the direction of actuation be deformed.
  • the associated deformation forces cause the feedback that conveys the actuator of an operator, can be falsified.
  • only the frictional force resulting from the contact force counteracts the movement of the actuating element.
  • the elastic element may be formed according to an embodiment of the invention as a leaf spring.
  • This leaf spring may consist of an electrically conductive material, so that with a simple component, an electrical line function and a mechanical function, namely the exercise of the contact force on the contact element, can be exercised.
  • the elastic element is formed for example of a non-conductive plastic material and is designed as a support for an electrical conductor or at least for a contact region which cooperates with the contact element.
  • the contact element has a contact surface which extends at least in sections, at least substantially parallel or concentric with the actuating direction of the actuating element. This ensures that the force exerted by the elastic element on the contact element contact force in the direction of actuation direction acts as a frictional force. In this way, knowing the coefficient of friction between a formed on the elastic member contact portion and the contact element can be precisely set, which actuating force is required to move the actuator against the frictional force can.
  • the said contact between the formed on the elastic member contact portion and the contact element is friction. This can be achieved for example by appropriate material pairings and / or by a corresponding configuration of the contact portion and the contact element.
  • the contact portion may be rounded and the contact element tangent to this rounded portion.
  • the elastic element is arranged on a carrier which is stationary relative to the actuating element, and that the contact element is arranged on the actuating element. This allows the actuator handle particularly easily during assembly of the switch unit.
  • a part of the electrical contacting of the switch unit can be formed by a minimum number of components.
  • the elastic element is arranged on the actuating element and that the associated contact element is stationary.
  • the elastic element may advantageously be electrically connected to the proximity sensor and / or be integrally formed therewith, whereby in an arrangement analogous to the above-described arrangement components can be saved.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that a plurality of elastic elements and / or contact elements are provided.
  • a particularly reliable electrical contact can be created
  • the elastic elements and / or contact elements are arranged symmetrically relative to the actuation direction, in particular mirror or rotationally symmetrical, to achieve that upon actuation of the actuating element no forces acting at an angle to the actuating direction forces arise, the operating feeling of the actuating element and the switch unit could be detrimental.
  • the switch unit may have a circuit board on which the elastic element or the contact element is arranged.
  • the elastic element or the contact element are inserted or soldered into the board. Since this is in any case present in particular when using a plurality of switch units, parts of the electrical contact can be integrated into these in a simple manner.
  • the switch unit has a switch which can be actuated by the actuator, the operating feeling of the switch unit is essentially determined by the switch and not by the electrical contacting of the proximity sensor. With the switch in the manner described above, a switching function can be met, which is independent of the switching function of the proximity sensor.
  • the switch can be actuated by a lifting, turning, sliding and / or tilting movement of the actuating element.
  • the force exerted by the elastic element on the associated, in particular rigid contact element contact force is not parallel to said actuating directions, but at an angle, in particular at an angle of at least 10 °, in particular at least 45 °, further in particular an angle of at least approximately 90 °.
  • the actuating force of the switch is greater than the force exerted by the elastic element on the contact element contact force. This ensures - regardless of the friction conditions between the elastic element and the contact element - ensures that the operating feeling of the switch unit at least predominantly of the switch and is not determined by the electrical contact of the proximity sensor.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the electrical contact forms a mechanical guide for the actuating element relative to a stationary component of the switch unit.
  • the at least one elastic element and the contact element can thus be used to provide guide elements for the actuating element, which thus does not have to be guided separately, for example in a housing.
  • the stationary component may be formed by a housing, a circuit board and / or by a switch which can be actuated by the actuating element.
  • a switch unit according to the invention is designated overall by the reference numeral 10.
  • This has a movable actuating element 12, which is received in a housing 14 shown only in sections.
  • the switch unit 10 further has a circuit board 16, on which a switch 18 is arranged.
  • a proximity sensor 20 is attached at the bottom of the actuating element 10.
  • This covers a metal layer, which on the a control surface 22 of the actuating element 10 facing away from the actuating element 12 is arranged.
  • the control surface may be substantially circular, square or rectangular and is bounded outwardly by a collar 24 which extends in the direction of the board 16 in a housing 26 formed in the guide 26.
  • a projection 28 is arranged, which extends in the direction of the switch 18. Upon actuation of the actuating element 12 in the direction designated 30, the projection 28 acts on the switch 18 and actuates it.
  • a further switching function can be fulfilled with the aid of the switch unit 10, when, for example, the finger of an operator approaches the operating surface 22 or touches it.
  • an electric field 32 generated by the proximity sensor 20 is influenced (for example, the capacitance of the proximity sensor 20 is increased), so that a switching function assigned to the proximity sensor 20 can be performed.
  • Integrally formed with the metal layer of the proximity sensor 20 is a rigid contact element 34, which extends at least in sections along the collar 24.
  • the contact element 34 forms the electrical counterpart to two elastic elements 36 which are inserted in receptacles 38 of the circuit board 16.
  • the elastic elements 36 are arranged symmetrically with respect to one another and each have a first straight section 40 adjacent to the receptacle 38, a curved section 42 adjoining this section and a contact section 44 adjoining this section.
  • the contact portion 44 is rounded, so that the of the contact element 34th formed contact surface 46 bears tangentially on the contact portion 44.
  • the sections 42 of the elastic elements 36 are curved in such a way that the contact section 44 bears against the contact surfaces 46 of the contact elements 34 under prestress. In the drawing, this is shown for the right hand illustrated elastic member 36 in an enlargement, wherein the force exerted by the contact portion 44 on the contact surface 46 of the contact element 34 contact force is designated 48.
  • the contact force 48 acts substantially perpendicular to the actuation direction 30 of the actuating element 12. Due to the friction between the contact portion 44 and the contact element 34, a frictional force is generated during movement of the actuating element 12 in the actuating direction 30, which is opposite to the direction of movement 30 and in the magnification designated by reference numeral 50.
  • the applied for the actuation of the switch 18 via the actuator 12 force is much greater than the contact force 48. This in turn is due to the friction favorable design of the friction partner contact portion 44 and contact element 34 again much smaller than the contact force 48. This ensures that the forces to be applied for actuation of the actuating element 12 are substantially independent of the electrical contacting of the proximity sensor 20 formed by the elastic elements 36 and the contact elements 34.

Abstract

The switch unit (10) has a motion-operating actuator (12) that is in electrical contact with a proximity sensor (20). An elastic component (36) in the form of a leaf spring is joined to apply a contact force on the electric contact portion between the actuator and proximity sensor. The contact force is applied angularly perpendicular to the operation direction (30) of the actuator.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schaltereinheit mit einem durch Bewegung betätigbaren Betätigungselement, wobei dem Betätigungselement ein Näherungssensor zugeordnet ist, dessen elektrische Kontaktierung mindestens ein elastisches Element aufweist, das eine Kontaktkraft auf mindestens ein zugeordnetes Kontaktelement ausübt. Die Näherungssensoren solcher Schaltereinheiten können auf einem kapazitiven oder einem induktiven Prinzip beruhen. Kapazitive Näherungssensoren können Kondensatoren aufweisen, deren Kapazität sich bei Annäherung oder Berührung des Sensors ändert, wobei die Änderung mit Hilfe einer Auswerteeinheit erfasst werden kann. Bei induktiven Näherungssensoren wird von einem Oszillator ein hochfrequentes elektromagnetisches Wechselfeld erzeugt. Dringt ein Objekt in dieses Wechselfeld ein, wird die Oszillatorspannung gedämpft, wodurch sich ein entsprechendes Ausgangssignal ändert.The invention relates to a switch unit with an actuatable by movement actuator, wherein the actuating element is associated with a proximity sensor whose electrical contact has at least one elastic element which exerts a contact force on at least one associated contact element. The proximity sensors of such switch units may be based on a capacitive or an inductive principle. Capacitive proximity sensors may have capacitors whose capacitance changes as the sensor approaches or contacts, the change being made by means of an evaluation unit can be detected. In inductive proximity sensors, a high-frequency alternating electromagnetic field is generated by an oscillator. If an object penetrates into this alternating field, the oscillator voltage is attenuated, whereby a corresponding output signal changes.

Mit dem Näherungssensor kann eine erste Schaltfunktion verwirklicht werden. Die Schaltereinheit kann beispielsweise in einem Kraftfahrzeug angeordnet sein und durch Näherung oder Berührung des Fingers einer das Kraftfahrzeug lenkenden Person ausgelöst werden. Wenn das Betätigungselement bewegt, also nicht nur berührt wird, kann in herkömmlicher Weise eine zweite Schaltfunktion verwirklicht werden.With the proximity sensor, a first switching function can be realized. The switch unit may for example be arranged in a motor vehicle and be triggered by proximity or touch of the finger of a person steering the motor vehicle. When the actuating element is moved, ie not only touched, a second switching function can be realized in a conventional manner.

Die beschriebenen Schaltereinheiten werden in großen Stückzahlen hergestellt. Deshalb ist es wichtig, die Schaltereinheit möglichst preisgünstig herstellen zu können. Gleichzeitig muss aber eine zuverlässige elektrische Kontaktierung des Näherungssensors gewährleistet sein.The described switch units are manufactured in large quantities. Therefore, it is important to be able to produce the switch unit as inexpensively as possible. At the same time, however, a reliable electrical contacting of the proximity sensor must be ensured.

Darüber hinaus ist es insbesondere für Schaltereinheiten, die in einem höherwertigen Umfeld zum Einsatz kommen gewünscht, dass die Schaltereinheit bei der Betätigung des Betätigungselements dem Bediener eine bestimmte, fühlbare Rückmeldung vermittelt. Diese Rückmeldung, die auch mit dem Schlagwort "Haptik" beschrieben werden kann, wird beispielsweise durch die Qualität der Bedienfläche des Betätigungselements beeinflusst. Darüber hinaus wird die Rückmeldung an eine Bedienperson aber auch dadurch beeinflusst, welche Kraft in welcher Lage des Betätigungselements erforderlich ist, um das Betätigungselement zu bewegen oder in einem betätigten Zustand zu halten.In addition, it is particularly desirable for switch units that are used in a higher-value environment that the switch unit gives the operator a certain tactile feedback upon actuation of the actuator. This feedback, which can also be described with the catch phrase "haptic", is influenced, for example, by the quality of the operating surface of the actuating element. In addition, the feedback to an operator but also influenced by what force is required in which position of the actuating element to move the actuator or to keep in an actuated state.

Aus der DE 37 06 194 A1 ist eine Schalteinrichtung mit einem durch Bewegung betätigbaren Betätigungsorgan bekannt, wobei dem Betätigungsorgan ein Sensorelement zugeordnet ist.From the DE 37 06 194 A1 is known a switching device with an actuatable by movement actuator, wherein the actuating member is associated with a sensor element.

Hiervon ausgehend liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Schaltereinheit mit möglichst wenigen Bauteilen zu schaffen, die eine zuverlässige Kontaktierung des Näherungssensors erlaubt und gleichzeitig die Möglichkeit eröffnet, die Rückmeldung, die das Betätigungselement bei dessen Bedienung vermittelt, genau zu beeinflussen.Proceeding from this, the present invention has the object to provide a switch unit with as few components as possible, which allows reliable contact with the proximity sensor and at the same time opens up the possibility to affect the feedback that gives the actuator in its operation exactly.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass die Kontaktkraft winklig, insbesondere im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Betätigungsrichtung des Betätigungselements, wirkt, dass das elastische Element an einem relativ zu dem Betätigungselement ortsfesten Träger angeordnet ist, und dass das Kontaktelement an dem Betätigungselement angeordnet und mit dem Näherungssensor einstückig ausgebildet ist.This object is achieved in that the contact force at an angle, in particular substantially perpendicular to the actuating direction of the actuating element, acts that the elastic element is arranged on a relative to the actuating element stationary carrier, and that the contact element arranged on the actuating element and with the proximity sensor is integrally formed.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß auch dadurch gelöst, dass die Kontaktkraft winklig, insbesondere im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Betätigungsrichtung des Betätigungselements wirkt, dass das elastische Element an dem Betätigungselement angeordnet und mit dem Näherungssensor einstückig ausgebildet eist, und dass das zugeordnete Kontaktelement ortsfest ist.The object is also achieved in that the contact force is angled, in particular acts substantially perpendicular to the actuating direction of the actuating element, that the elastic element arranged on the actuating element and integrally formed with the proximity sensor eist, and that the associated contact element is stationary.

Durch die Umleitung der Kontaktkraft aus einer zur Betätigungsrichtung parallelen Richtung in eine dazu winklige Richtung muss das elastische Element nicht in einer zur Betätigungsrichtung parallelen Richtung verformt werden. Die hiermit einhergehenden Verformungskräfte bewirken, dass die Rückmeldung, die das Betätigungselement einer Bedienperson vermittelt, verfälscht werden kann. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltereinheit hingegen wirkt nur die aufgrund der Kontaktkraft entstehende Reibkraft der Bewegung des Betätigungselements entgegen. Somit kann gleichzeitig eine zuverlässige Kontaktierung des Näherungssensors und eine nur unwesentliche Beeinflussung der Rückmeldung, die das Betätigungselement einer Bedienperson vermittelt, erreicht werden.Due to the redirection of the contact force from a direction parallel to the direction of actuation in an angled direction, the elastic element does not have to a direction parallel to the direction of actuation be deformed. The associated deformation forces cause the feedback that conveys the actuator of an operator, can be falsified. In contrast, in the case of the switch unit according to the invention, only the frictional force resulting from the contact force counteracts the movement of the actuating element. Thus, a reliable contacting of the proximity sensor and an only insignificant influence of the feedback, which conveys the operating element of an operator, can be achieved at the same time.

Das elastische Element kann nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung als Blattfeder ausgebildet sein. Diese Blattfeder kann aus einem elektrisch leitenden Material bestehen, so dass mit einem einfachen Bauteil eine elektrische Leitungsfunktion und eine mechanische Funktion, nämlich die Ausübung der Kontaktkraft auf das Kontaktelement, ausgeübt werden kann. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, dass das elastische Element beispielsweise aus einem nicht leitenden Kunststoffmaterial gebildet ist und als Träger für einen elektrischen Leiter oder zumindest für einen Kontaktbereich ausgebildet ist, der mit dem Kontaktelement zusammenwirkt.The elastic element may be formed according to an embodiment of the invention as a leaf spring. This leaf spring may consist of an electrically conductive material, so that with a simple component, an electrical line function and a mechanical function, namely the exercise of the contact force on the contact element, can be exercised. However, it is also possible that the elastic element is formed for example of a non-conductive plastic material and is designed as a support for an electrical conductor or at least for a contact region which cooperates with the contact element.

Nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist das Kontaktelement eine Kontaktfläche auf, die sich zumindest abschnittsweise zumindest im Wesentlichen parallel oder konzentrisch zur Betätigungsrichtung des Betätigungselements erstreckt. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass die von dem elastischen Element auf das Kontaktelement ausgeübte Kontaktkraft in Richtung der Betätigungsrichtung als Reibkraft wirkt. Hierdurch lässt sich in Kenntnis des Reibungskoeffizienten zwischen einem an dem elastischen Element ausgebildeten Kontaktabschnitt und dem Kontaktelement genau einstellen, welche Betätigungskraft erforderlich ist, um das Betätigungselement entgegen der Reibkraft bewegen zu können.According to one embodiment of the invention, the contact element has a contact surface which extends at least in sections, at least substantially parallel or concentric with the actuating direction of the actuating element. This ensures that the force exerted by the elastic element on the contact element contact force in the direction of actuation direction acts as a frictional force. In this way, knowing the coefficient of friction between a formed on the elastic member contact portion and the contact element can be precisely set, which actuating force is required to move the actuator against the frictional force can.

Es wird vorgeschlagen, dass der genannte Kontakt zwischen dem an dem elastischen Element ausgebildeten Kontaktabschnitt und dem Kontaktelement reibungsarm ist. Dies kann beispielsweise durch entsprechende Materialpaarungen und/oder durch eine entsprechende Ausgestaltung des Kontaktabschnitts und des Kontaktelements erreicht werden. Der Kontaktabschnitt kann abgerundet sein und das Kontaktelement tangential an diesem abgerundeten Abschnitt anliegen.It is proposed that the said contact between the formed on the elastic member contact portion and the contact element is friction. This can be achieved for example by appropriate material pairings and / or by a corresponding configuration of the contact portion and the contact element. The contact portion may be rounded and the contact element tangent to this rounded portion.

Nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird vorgeschlagen, dass das elastische Element an einem relativ zu dem Betätigungselement ortsfesten Träger angeordnet ist und dass das Kontaktelement an dem Betätigungselement angeordnet ist. Hierdurch lässt sich das Betätigungselement bei der Montage der Schaltereinheit besonders einfach handhaben.According to one embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the elastic element is arranged on a carrier which is stationary relative to the actuating element, and that the contact element is arranged on the actuating element. This allows the actuator handle particularly easily during assembly of the switch unit.

Wenn das Kontaktelement elektrisch mit dem Näherungssensor verbunden und/oder einstückig mit diesem ausgebildet ist, kann durch eine minimale Anzahl von Bauteilen ein Teil der elektrischen Kontaktierung der Schaltereinheit gebildet werden.If the contact element is electrically connected to the proximity sensor and / or formed integrally therewith, a part of the electrical contacting of the switch unit can be formed by a minimum number of components.

Es ist auch möglich, dass das elastische Element an dem Betätigungselement angeordnet ist und dass das zugeordnete Kontaktelement ortsfest ist. Hierbei kann das elastische Element in vorteilhafter Weise elektrisch mit dem Näherungssensor verbunden und/oder einstückig mit diesem ausgebildet sein, wodurch in zu oben beschriebener Anordnung analoger Weise Bauteile eingespart werden können.It is also possible that the elastic element is arranged on the actuating element and that the associated contact element is stationary. In this case, the elastic element may advantageously be electrically connected to the proximity sensor and / or be integrally formed therewith, whereby in an arrangement analogous to the above-described arrangement components can be saved.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, dass mehrere elastische Elemente und/oder Kontaktelemente vorgesehen sind. Hierdurch kann einerseits eine besonders zuverlässige elektrische Kontaktierung geschaffen werden, andererseits ist es möglich, unter Verwendung mehrerer elastischer Elemente und/oder Kontaktelemente eine Positionierung des Betätigungselements in einer zur Betätigungsrichtung im Wesentlichen senkrechten Ebene zu erreichen. Dabei ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die elastischen Elemente und/oder Kontaktelemente relativ zur Betätigungsrichtung symmetrisch, insbesondere spiegel- oder rotationssymmetrisch angeordnet sind, um zu erreichen, dass bei Betätigung des Betätigungselements keine winklig zur Betätigungsrichtung wirkenden Kräfte entstehen, die dem Bediengefühl des Betätigungselements und der Schaltereinheit abträglich sein könnten.A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that a plurality of elastic elements and / or contact elements are provided. In this way, on the one hand a particularly reliable electrical contact can be created, on the other hand, it is possible to achieve a positioning of the actuating element in a direction substantially perpendicular to the actuating direction using a plurality of elastic elements and / or contact elements. It is particularly advantageous if the elastic elements and / or contact elements are arranged symmetrically relative to the actuation direction, in particular mirror or rotationally symmetrical, to achieve that upon actuation of the actuating element no forces acting at an angle to the actuating direction forces arise, the operating feeling of the actuating element and the switch unit could be detrimental.

Die Schaltereinheit kann eine Platine aufweisen, an der das elastische Element oder das Kontaktelement angeordnet ist. In vorteilhafter Weise sind das elastische Element oder das Kontaktelement in die Platine eingesteckt oder eingelötet. Da diese insbesondere bei Verwendung mehrerer Schaltereinheiten ohnehin vorhanden ist, können in diese in einfacher Weise Teile der elektrischen Kontaktierung integriert werden.The switch unit may have a circuit board on which the elastic element or the contact element is arranged. Advantageously, the elastic element or the contact element are inserted or soldered into the board. Since this is in any case present in particular when using a plurality of switch units, parts of the electrical contact can be integrated into these in a simple manner.

Wenn die Schaltereinheit einen durch das Betätigungselement betätigbaren Schalter aufweist, wird das Bediengefühl der Schaltereinheit im Wesentlichen durch den Schalter und nicht durch die elektrische Kontaktierung des Näherungssensors bestimmt. Mit dem Schalter kann in oben beschriebener Weise eine Schaltfunktion erfüllt werden, die von der Schaltfunktion des Näherungssensors unabhängig ist.If the switch unit has a switch which can be actuated by the actuator, the operating feeling of the switch unit is essentially determined by the switch and not by the electrical contacting of the proximity sensor. With the switch in the manner described above, a switching function can be met, which is independent of the switching function of the proximity sensor.

Der Schalter kann durch eine Hub-, Dreh-, Schiebe- und/oder Kippbewegung des Betätigungselements betätigbar sein. Für alle Anordnungen ist es erfindungswesentlich, dass die von dem elastischen Element auf das zugeordnete, insbesondere starre Kontaktelement ausgeübte Kontaktkraft nicht parallel zu den genannten Betätigungsrichtungen verläuft, sondern winklig, insbesondere in einem Winkel von mindestens 10°, insbesondere mindestens 45°, weiter insbesondere in einem Winkel von zumindest annähernd 90°.The switch can be actuated by a lifting, turning, sliding and / or tilting movement of the actuating element. For all arrangements, it is essential to the invention that the force exerted by the elastic element on the associated, in particular rigid contact element contact force is not parallel to said actuating directions, but at an angle, in particular at an angle of at least 10 °, in particular at least 45 °, further in particular an angle of at least approximately 90 °.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Betätigungskraft des Schalters größer als die von dem elastischen Element auf das Kontaktelement ausgeübte Kontaktkraft. Hierdurch wird - unabhängig von den Reibungsbedingungen zwischen dem elastischen Element und dem Kontaktelement - sichergestellt, dass das Bediengefühl der Schaltereinheit zumindest überwiegend von dem Schalter und nicht von der elektrischen Kontaktierung des Näherungssensors bestimmt ist.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the actuating force of the switch is greater than the force exerted by the elastic element on the contact element contact force. This ensures - regardless of the friction conditions between the elastic element and the contact element - ensures that the operating feeling of the switch unit at least predominantly of the switch and is not determined by the electrical contact of the proximity sensor.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die elektrische Kontaktierung eine mechanische Führung für das Betätigungselement relativ zu einem ortsfesten Bauteil der Schaltereinheit bildet. Das mindestens eine elastische Element und das Kontaktelement können also verwendet werden, um Führungselemente für das Betätigungselement zu schaffen, das somit nicht separat, beispielsweise in einem Gehäuse, geführt werden muss. Dabei kann das ortsfeste Bauteil durch ein Gehäuse, eine Platine und/oder durch einen Schalter gebildet sein, der von dem Betätigungselement betätigbar ist.A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the electrical contact forms a mechanical guide for the actuating element relative to a stationary component of the switch unit. The at least one elastic element and the contact element can thus be used to provide guide elements for the actuating element, which thus does not have to be guided separately, for example in a housing. In this case, the stationary component may be formed by a housing, a circuit board and / or by a switch which can be actuated by the actuating element.

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand eines besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels mit Bezug auf die folgende Beschreibung und die Zeichnung näher erläutert.The invention will be explained below with reference to a particularly preferred embodiment with reference to the following description and the drawings.

Es zeigen:

Figur 1
einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Schaltereinheit; und
Figur 2
einen Ausschnitt aus Figur 1 in vergrößerter Darstellung.
Show it:
FIG. 1
a section through a switch unit according to the invention; and
FIG. 2
a section from FIG. 1 in an enlarged view.

In der Figur 1 ist eine erfindungsgemäße Schaltereinheit insgesamt mit dem Bezugszeichen 10 bezeichnet. Diese weist ein bewegliches Betätigungselement 12 auf, das in einem nur abschnittsweise dargestellten Gehäuse 14 aufgenommen ist. Die Schaltereinheit 10 weist ferner eine Platine 16 auf, auf der ein Schalter 18 angeordnet ist. An der Unterseite des Betätigungselements 10 ist ein Näherungssensor 20 befestigt. Dieser umfasst eine Metallschicht, die auf der einer Bedienfläche 22 des Betätigungselements 10 abgewandten Seite des Betätigungselements 12 angeordnet ist. Die Bedienfläche kann im Wesentlichen kreisförmig, quadratisch oder rechteckig ausgebildet sein und ist nach außen hin durch einen Kragen 24 begrenzt, der sich in Richtung auf die Platine 16 in einer im Gehäuse 14 ausgebildeten Führung 26 erstreckt.In the FIG. 1 a switch unit according to the invention is designated overall by the reference numeral 10. This has a movable actuating element 12, which is received in a housing 14 shown only in sections. The switch unit 10 further has a circuit board 16, on which a switch 18 is arranged. At the bottom of the actuating element 10, a proximity sensor 20 is attached. This covers a metal layer, which on the a control surface 22 of the actuating element 10 facing away from the actuating element 12 is arranged. The control surface may be substantially circular, square or rectangular and is bounded outwardly by a collar 24 which extends in the direction of the board 16 in a housing 26 formed in the guide 26.

An dem Betätigungselement 12 ist ein Vorsprung 28 angeordnet, der sich in Richtung auf den Schalter 18 erstreckt. Bei Betätigung des Betätigungselements 12 in mit 30 bezeichneter Richtung wirkt der Vorsprung 28 auf den Schalter 18 und betätigt diesen.On the actuating element 12, a projection 28 is arranged, which extends in the direction of the switch 18. Upon actuation of the actuating element 12 in the direction designated 30, the projection 28 acts on the switch 18 and actuates it.

Vor Betätigung des Schalters 18 kann mit Hilfe der Schaltereinheit 10 eine weitere Schaltfunktion erfüllt werden, wenn sich, beispielsweise der Finger einer Bedienperson, der Bedienfläche 22 nähert oder diese berührt. Hierdurch wird ein von dem Näherungssensor 20 erzeugtes elektrisches Feld 32 beeinflusst (beispielsweise die Kapazität des Näherungssensors 20 erhöht), so dass eine dem Näherungssensor 20 zugeordnete Schaltfunktion durchgeführt werden kann. Mit der Metallschicht des Näherungssensors 20 einstückig ausgebildet ist ein starres Kontaktelement 34, das sich zumindest abschnittsweise entlang des Kragens 24 erstreckt. Das Kontaktelement 34 bildet das elektrische Gegenstück zu zwei elastischen Elementen 36, die in Aufnahmen 38 der Platine 16 eingesteckt sind. Die elastischen Elemente 36 sind zueinander symmetrisch angeordnet und weisen jeweils einen ersten, zur Aufnahme 38 benachbarten geraden Abschnitt 40, einen sich hieran anschließenden gekrümmten Abschnitt 42 und einen sich an diesen Abschnitt anschließenden Kontaktabschnitt 44 auf. Der Kontaktabschnitt 44 ist abgerundet, so dass die von dem Kontaktelement 34 ausgebildete Kontaktfläche 46 tangential an dem Kontaktabschnitt 44 anliegt.Before actuation of the switch 18, a further switching function can be fulfilled with the aid of the switch unit 10, when, for example, the finger of an operator approaches the operating surface 22 or touches it. As a result, an electric field 32 generated by the proximity sensor 20 is influenced (for example, the capacitance of the proximity sensor 20 is increased), so that a switching function assigned to the proximity sensor 20 can be performed. Integrally formed with the metal layer of the proximity sensor 20 is a rigid contact element 34, which extends at least in sections along the collar 24. The contact element 34 forms the electrical counterpart to two elastic elements 36 which are inserted in receptacles 38 of the circuit board 16. The elastic elements 36 are arranged symmetrically with respect to one another and each have a first straight section 40 adjacent to the receptacle 38, a curved section 42 adjoining this section and a contact section 44 adjoining this section. The contact portion 44 is rounded, so that the of the contact element 34th formed contact surface 46 bears tangentially on the contact portion 44.

Die Abschnitte 42 der elastischen Elemente 36 sind so gekrümmt, dass der Kontaktabschnitt 44 unter Vorspannung an den Kontaktflächen 46 der Kontaktelemente 34 anliegt. In der Zeichnung ist dies für das rechter Hand dargestellte elastische Element 36 in einer Vergrößerung dargestellt, wobei die von dem Kontaktabschnitt 44 auf die Kontaktfläche 46 des Kontaktelements 34 ausgeübte Kontaktkraft mit 48 bezeichnet ist. Die Kontaktkraft 48 wirkt im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Betätigungsrichtung 30 des Betätigungselements 12. Durch die Reibung zwischen dem Kontaktabschnitt 44 und dem Kontaktelement 34 wird bei Bewegung des Betätigungselements 12 in der Betätigungsrichtung 30 eine Reibkraft erzeugt, die zur Bewegungsrichtung 30 entgegengesetzt ist und in der Vergrößerung mit dem Bezugszeichen 50 bezeichnet ist.The sections 42 of the elastic elements 36 are curved in such a way that the contact section 44 bears against the contact surfaces 46 of the contact elements 34 under prestress. In the drawing, this is shown for the right hand illustrated elastic member 36 in an enlargement, wherein the force exerted by the contact portion 44 on the contact surface 46 of the contact element 34 contact force is designated 48. The contact force 48 acts substantially perpendicular to the actuation direction 30 of the actuating element 12. Due to the friction between the contact portion 44 and the contact element 34, a frictional force is generated during movement of the actuating element 12 in the actuating direction 30, which is opposite to the direction of movement 30 and in the magnification designated by reference numeral 50.

Die für die Betätigung des Schalters 18 über das Betätigungselement 12 aufzubringende Kraft ist sehr viel größer als die Kontaktkraft 48. Diese wiederum ist durch die reibungsgünstige Gestaltung der Reibpartner Kontaktabschnitt 44 und Kontaktelement 34 wiederum sehr viel kleiner als die Kontaktkraft 48. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass die zur Betätigung des Betätigungselements 12 aufzubringenden Kräfte im Wesentlichen unabhängig von der durch die elastischen Elemente 36 und die Kontaktelemente 34 gebildeten elektrischen Kontaktierung des Näherungssensors 20 sind.The applied for the actuation of the switch 18 via the actuator 12 force is much greater than the contact force 48. This in turn is due to the friction favorable design of the friction partner contact portion 44 and contact element 34 again much smaller than the contact force 48. This ensures that the forces to be applied for actuation of the actuating element 12 are substantially independent of the electrical contacting of the proximity sensor 20 formed by the elastic elements 36 and the contact elements 34.

Für den in der eingezeichneten Betätigungsrichtung 30 entgegengesetzten Rückhub des Betätigungselements 12, der durch eine von dem Schalter 18 erzeugte Rückstellkraft bewirkt werden kann, gelten die gleichen Kräfteverhältnisse, wobei in diesem Fall die Reibkraft 50 entgegengesetzt zur in der Vergrößerung eingezeichneten Richtung wirkt.For the opposite in the illustrated direction of actuation 30 return stroke of the actuating element 12, which can be effected by a restoring force generated by the switch 18, the same apply Force relationships, in which case the friction force 50 acts opposite to the drawn in the direction of magnification.

Claims (13)

  1. Switch unit (10) having an operating element (12) which can be operated by movement, with the operating element (12) having an associated proximity sensor (20), of which the electrical contact-making means has at least one elastic element (36) which exerts a contact force (48) on at least one associated contact element (34), characterized in that the contact force (48) acts in an angled manner, in particular substantially perpendicular to the operating direction (30) of the operating element (12), in that the elastic element (36) is arranged on a support (16) which is stationary relative to the operating element (12), and in that the contact element (34) is arranged on the operating element (12) and is integrally formed with the proximity sensor (20).
  2. Switch unit (10) having an operating element (12) which can be operated by movement, with the operating element (12) having an associated proximity sensor (20), of which the electrical contact-making means has at least one elastic element (36) which exerts a contact force (48) on at least one associated contact element (34), characterized in that the contact force (48) acts in an angled manner, in particular substantially perpendicular to the operating direction (30) of the operating element (12), in that the elastic element (36) is arranged on the operating element (12) and is integrally formed with the proximity sensor (20), and in that the associated contact element (34) is stationary,
  3. Switch unit (10) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the elastic element (36) is in the form of a leaf spring.
  4. Switch unit (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact element (34) has a contact area (46) which, at least in sections, extends at least substantially parallel or concentrically to the operating direction (30) of the operating element.
  5. Switch unit (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there is low-friction contact between a contact section (44), which is formed on the elastic element (36), and the contact element (34)
  6. Switch unit (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of elastic elements (36) and/or contact elements (34) are provided.
  7. Switch unit (10) according to Claim 6, characterized in that the elastic elements (36) and/or contact elements (34) are arranged with symmetry, in particular with mirror-image or rotational symmetry, relative to the operating direction (30).
  8. Switch unit (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switch unit (10) has a printed circuit board (16) on which the elastic element (36) or the contact element (34) is arranged.
  9. Switch unit (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switch unit (10) has a switch (18) which can be operated by the operating element (12).
  10. a Switch unit (10) according to Claim 9, characterized in that the switch (18) can be operated by a lifting, rotary, sliding and/or tilting movement of the operating element (2).
  11. Switch unit (10) according two Claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the operating force of the switch (18) is greater than the contact force (48) which is exerted on the contact element (34) by the elastic element (36).
  12. Switch unit (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical contact-making means forms a mechanical guide for the operating element (12) relative to a stationary component of the switch unit (10).
  13. Switch unit (10) according to Claim 12, characterized in that the stationary component is formed by a housing (14), a printed circuit board (16) and/or by a switch (18) which can be operated by the operating element (12).
EP06015731A 2005-08-25 2006-07-28 Switch unit Active EP1758135B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005041038A DE102005041038A1 (en) 2005-08-25 2005-08-25 switch unit

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EP1758135A2 EP1758135A2 (en) 2007-02-28
EP1758135A3 EP1758135A3 (en) 2008-01-23
EP1758135B1 true EP1758135B1 (en) 2011-07-06

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DE (1) DE102005041038A1 (en)

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DE102007025564A1 (en) * 2006-06-07 2007-12-13 Preh Gmbh Operating element for a motor vehicle
DE102009032634A1 (en) * 2009-07-10 2011-01-13 Trw Automotive Electronics & Components Gmbh Pushbutton with capacitive key recognition
FR2953323A1 (en) * 2010-05-12 2011-06-03 Continental Automotive France Detection device for use in assembly to detect event of orders given by user using movable touch unit of frontage of dashboard of car, has capacitive sensor equipped with electrode that is fixed at movable touch unit
DE102010042709A1 (en) * 2010-07-29 2012-02-02 Preh Gmbh Capacitive touch under closed rotatable surface
DE102011087232A1 (en) * 2011-09-01 2013-03-07 Preh Gmbh Switch with switching cap and thus movable electrode
JP5831902B2 (en) * 2011-12-27 2015-12-09 株式会社ワコム Operation switch device
EP2937998A1 (en) * 2014-04-25 2015-10-28 Home Control Singapore Pte. Ltd. Providing capacitive sensing to a push button
DE102020116903A1 (en) 2020-06-26 2021-12-30 Daimler Ag Control unit

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DE3706194A1 (en) * 1987-02-26 1988-09-15 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Switching device
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ATE515781T1 (en) 2011-07-15
EP1758135A3 (en) 2008-01-23
EP1758135A2 (en) 2007-02-28
DE102005041038A1 (en) 2007-03-01

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