EP1756382A1 - Concrete finishing trowel - Google Patents
Concrete finishing trowelInfo
- Publication number
- EP1756382A1 EP1756382A1 EP05747747A EP05747747A EP1756382A1 EP 1756382 A1 EP1756382 A1 EP 1756382A1 EP 05747747 A EP05747747 A EP 05747747A EP 05747747 A EP05747747 A EP 05747747A EP 1756382 A1 EP1756382 A1 EP 1756382A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wing
- drive shaft
- trowel according
- wings
- trowel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F21/00—Implements for finishing work on buildings
- E04F21/20—Implements for finishing work on buildings for laying flooring
- E04F21/24—Implements for finishing work on buildings for laying flooring of masses made in situ, e.g. smoothing tools
- E04F21/245—Rotary power trowels, i.e. helicopter trowels
- E04F21/247—Rotary power trowels, i.e. helicopter trowels used by an operator sitting on the trowel, i.e. ride-on power trowels
Definitions
- the invention relates to a trowel according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- Such a trowel is mainly used for smoothing concrete surfaces, especially floors, as long as the concrete has not yet hardened.
- wing trowels that can be held have proven themselves as trowels, in which an operator can sit on the device itself and drive over the concrete to be trimmed.
- the weight of the operator sitting on the device also supports the smoothing effect in the case of a trowel that can be owned.
- a trowel usually consists of a frame in which a drive is accommodated.
- the drive drives one, in the case of vane blades that can be owned, at least two rotors, each of which has a drive shaft driven by the drive, to each of which rotor vanes are fastened.
- the rotor blades extend essentially horizontally, so that the entire device with the rotor blades sits on the concrete surface to be smoothed.
- the rotor blades are rotated by the drive and sweep over the surface to be smoothed. Since the angle of attack of the rotor blades can be adjusted relative to the drive shaft carrying them, it is possible to achieve a different pressure effect.
- the operator can initially have the rotor blades swept across the fresh concrete surface at a relatively flat angle of attack and at low speed, while shortly before the end of the curing process with a significantly steeper angle of attack, he can exert a higher local pressure on the surface in order to polish the surface.
- the setting of the angle of attack of the individual rotor blades is carried out with the help of a known blade adjustment, in which the operator z. B. can influence the position of the rotor blade via a control crank.
- Fig. 1 shows such a trowel, as is also known from US 6,368,016 B1. It is a possessable trowel in a schematic perspective view.
- a seat 2 is attached to a frame, generally referred to as frame 1, on which an operator or driver can take a seat. Under the seat 2 is a drive, not shown, for. B. an internal combustion engine, the fuel can be supplied via a filler neck 3.
- the rotors 4, 5 each have a drive shaft 6 and a plurality of vanes 7 (four in FIG. 1).
- the rotors 4, 5 are driven in opposite directions by the drive.
- a safety cage 8 consisting of a plurality of support and sheet metal elements is arranged around the rotors 4, 5 in order to avoid inadvertent intervention in the rotor area or even the running over of the feet of a person standing near the wing flattener.
- the vanes 7 are rotated with the drive shaft 6 carrying them, so that the vanes 7 perform a circular movement both relative to the drive shaft 6 and to the substrate (concrete surface) to be compacted.
- the invention has for its object to improve a trowel in such a way that corner areas can be smoothed better.
- a wing trowel according to the invention has a wing deflection device by means of which the wings can be moved on a path when rotated by the drive shaft, which deviates from a circular path in relation to the ground.
- the wing deflection device ensures that the wings can be periodically displaced outwards, preferably along their longitudinal axis, that is to say along the axis with which they are attached to the drive shaft or which extends from the wing attachment to the wing tip.
- the longitudinal axis of a wing is thus essentially radial to the axis of rotation of the drive shaft. In this way, the sashes can be extended from their zero or starting position in the area of a corner, while they are retracted in other rotational positions and may even move on a circular path in the remaining rotating area.
- the solution according to the invention can be used both with hand-held blades with one rotor and with wing blades with two or more rotors that can be owned.
- the rotor having the drive shaft and the vanes can be deflected periodically from the zero position by the vane deflection device, in which the vanes would describe a circular path when they rotated with respect to the ground.
- the zero position is therefore the usual starting position, in which the blades - as in the prior art - rotate completely normally on a circular path.
- the wing deflection device now displaces the rotor in such a way that the wing star formed by the wings is pushed periodically into the corner and is pulled out again upon further rotation.
- the outer ends of the wings, ie the wing tips advantageously have a bevel of approximately 45% to the wing radius.
- the period of the deflection can correspond to one, two, three or four times the frequency of the wing speed.
- the wings can be moved by the wing deflection device on a path that deviates from a circular path related to the drive shaft.
- the wing deflection device has a hypocycloid gear.
- a hypocycloid is a line of motion of a point on the edge of a wheel that rolls slip-free on the inner surface of a hole.
- the diameter of the hole should be a multiple of the wheel. If you look at a point on the wheel that is not on the edge of the wheel, but radially further inside, one speaks of a shortened hypocycloid.
- the hypocycloid gear has a ring gear held on the frame (corresponding to the bore), the central axis of which coincides with the axis of rotation of the drive shaft.
- Several inner wheels (corresponding to the "wheel” described above) circulate inside the ring gear, each of which is assigned to one of the vanes. The number of inner wheels thus corresponds to the number of wings, whereby the use of three to six joints can be expedient.
- the inner wheels are supported by a wheel carrier, e.g. B. a disc or a star worn.
- a wheel carrier e.g. B. a disc or a star worn.
- a guide device is provided, by means of which a radial component of the movement of a guide point provided on the side of the inner wheel belonging to the wing can be transferred to the assigned wing for each wing, relative to the axis of rotation of the drive shaft.
- the inner wheels rotate so that a guide point defined on their side surface (flank) tracks a hypocycloid.
- the radial Component of this movement of the guide point is transferred to the respectively assigned wing, so that the wings are moved radially outwards at defined points and then 1 inwards again. In this way, it can be achieved without great control effort that the blades smooth relatively sharp, pointed areas.
- the angle of these areas is dimensioned in such a way that the sashes can also comfortably retract into corners.
- the diameter of the inner wheel is one third or one fourth of the bore diameter of the ring gear.
- the ring gear and the inner wheels are advantageously meshing gears, so that slippage can be avoided.
- the so-called guide point can be adjusted at different points with different radial distances from the axis of rotation of the inner wheel in order to generate different (shortened) hypocycloids in this way. If the guide point is adjustable at the level of the axis of rotation of an inner wheel, it no longer follows a hypocycloid, but a simple circular movement, which means that the blades are only moved in a circular path around the drive shaft.
- the guide device can have pins which are each fastened to the inner wheels at the guide points and engage in the wings.
- the movement of the wings can be supported if they are guided in a backdrop at their end facing the drive shaft. Understandably, the shape of the backdrop should be adapted to the selected hypocycloid. Alternatively, a handlebar could be used.
- the wing deflection device has a link guide arranged coaxially to the drive shaft and a rocker arm device preferably consisting of two rocker arms for each wing.
- Each wing is guided by the rocker arm device along its longitudinal axis.
- the rocker arms belonging to the rocker arm device are in turn guided in the link guide in such a way that a radial component, related to the axis of rotation of the drive shaft, of the movement forced on the rocker arms by the rocker guide can be transmitted to the respective wings guided by these rocker arms.
- two swing levers are provided for each wing, they represent a kind of parallel guidance for the wings. They move when the wings rotate in the link and carry out the movement imposed on them by the link guide, which in turn is transferred to the wing.
- the wing deflection device has power drives which are each individually assigned to the wings. This means that each wing can be moved in its radial position with respect to the drive shaft along its longitudinal axis individually when the power drive assigned to it is activated.
- the power drives can be controlled by a control so that their activation and thus the respective blade position can be coordinated with the rotary position of the rotor.
- the control makes it possible to realize almost any movement path of the wing very comfortably.
- a distance sensor device is provided with which the distance of an obstacle from the trowel can be recognized.
- It can be z. B. act as an ultrasonic sensor or a radar device, the z. B. has increasingly been used as an electronic parking aid for cars in recent years (for example the "Parktronic" system from Mercedes-Benz).
- the distance sensor device has a plurality of sensors which are distributed around the wing trowel in order to reliably detect obstacles. But simple mechanical buttons can also be used.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a known possessable wing flattener
- FIG. 2 shows different positions of a wing star in a first embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 5 shows a line of motion of a wing star in a second embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 7 shows a line of motion of a wing star in a third embodiment of the invention.
- a trowel has already been described with reference to FIG. 1 in connection with the prior art.
- the area of the rotors 4, 5 is relevant to the invention, in particular with regard to the interaction of the drive shaft 6 and the vanes 7 held thereon.
- FIG. 2 schematically shows the movement of a rotor in a first embodiment. rungsfor the invention, in which the entire rotor (z. B. rotor 4 in Fig. 1) periodically at four times the frequency of the rotor or blade speed is linearly pushed into a corner 12 to be smoothed and pulled out again.
- FIG. 2 For this purpose, four positions of the rotor, in particular the schematically illustrated four blades 7, are shown in FIG. 2.
- the starting position is the position a, a ', in which the respective ends a, a' of two of the four wings 7 are perpendicular to the two walls 10, 11 which form the corner 12.
- the drive shaft 6 must be moved back along the straight line out of the corner 12 into the starting position corresponding to the position a, a ', while the rotation of the rotor with the blades 7 proceeds.
- the rotor can be deflected with the aid of appropriately controlled power drives.
- the wing deflection device has a hypocycloid gear. If a wheel rolls without slip on the inner surface of a hole, a point on the edge of this wheel executes a hypocycloid as a line of motion.
- the diameter of the hole must be a multiple of the diameter of the wheel.
- FIG. 3a shows a hypocycloid in which the diameter of the small (dashed) wheel is one third of the bore diameter of the (dashed) bore.
- the hypocycloid has three reversal points.
- Fig. 3b the diameter of the small wheel is a quarter of the bore diameter, so that an HV cyclic with four reversal points is created.
- the movement form of the hypocycloids can advantageously be used to mechanically control the longitudinal movement of the wings 7.
- a toothed ring gear is attached to the frame 1, the central axis of which coincides with the axis of rotation of the drive shaft 6.
- a number of inner wheels also not shown, run around the ring gear, each of which is assigned to one of the vanes and meshes with the ring gear. It is possible to have six or fewer inner wheels turned in one ring gear. If more than six inner wheels are required, they should rotate in several parallel planes.
- the small inner circumferential inner wheels are arranged on a disk with several bearing points distributed over the circumference and are driven by them around an axis (drive shaft 6) in the center of the ring gear.
- the bearing points are arranged on the disc in such a way that the inner wheels run firmly in the ring gear.
- the individual vanes 7 are fastened approximately in their center to pins of the inner wheels via pivot bearings. According to the teaching of the shortened hypocycloid, the position of the pivot pins on the inner wheels is not quite at the edge of the inner wheel, but somewhat further inside.
- the inner ends of the wings 7 should essentially align with the center line of the rotary drive (drive shaft 6).
- the wings 7 can be guided there with sliding elements with a backdrop.
- Fig. 5 shows the form of movement of a wing rim in a four-lobed hypocycloid.
- the inner curve represents the line of movement of the hypocycloids, which moves the wing 7 over the guide point.
- the outer curve is the line of movement of the wing tips when the wings 7 rotate about the drive shaft 6.
- the various positions of the wings 7 are shown schematically by way of example by broken lines.
- Fig. 6 shows a hypocycloid with three corners, in which the inner wheels have a diameter of one third of the ring gear.
- various wing positions are shown for clarification during a rotation about the axis of rotation of the drive shaft 6, which is only shown schematically. It can be clearly seen that it is easily possible to move the Flugelglatter with one of the tips formed by the hypocycloids into a corner to be smoothed.
- the smoothing edge present on the wings 7 does not at any time perform a backward movement. Even with a slight offset against the forward movement, the smoothing edge could dig into the soil to be compacted and affect the smoothing result.
- the guide points present on the inner wheels or the pins provided there can be arranged displaceably on the inner wheels. If the pins go to the center of the inner wheels, i.e. H. at the level of the axes of rotation, are moved, the wings 7 carry out the usual circular movement of a classic wing straightener.
- each wing can be suspended on a rocker arm device which enables the wings to be displaced radially along their longitudinal axes.
- the radial displacement is created via a backdrop, the shape of which can be freely configured.
- the shape of the backdrop can e.g. B. correspond to a hypocycloid described above. she However, it does not have to be triple or quadrangular.
- the rocker arm device can preferably have two rocker arms, not shown, for each wing, which carry the wings.
- the torque for the rotary movement from the drive shaft 6 is transmitted to the respectively assigned wing via the two rocker arms.
- the movement path of the wings 7 can be designed more freely through the backdrop, and the wings 7 z. B. would only have to be moved out of its orbit for only one "tip" (tip of the hypocycloid).
- the wings 7 z. B. would only have to be moved out of its orbit for only one "tip" (tip of the hypocycloid).
- the forces acting on the wing trowel are then no longer symmetrical due to the different friction conditions, there would be a risk that the wing trowel drifts undesirably to the side. It is therefore advantageous if the movement of a wing on the opposite side - with respect to the drive shaft - is opposed by a counter-movement of another wing.
- FIG. 7 Such a motion picture is shown in FIG. 7.
- the inner curve describes a possible backdrop curve which the outer contour brings about when the wings are moved purely radially during their rotary movement.
- the outer contour in turn corresponds to the area that is to be covered by the wing.
- Different wing positions are also indicated in FIG. 7 by dashed lines.
- This third embodiment of the invention has the advantage that almost any corner angle can be realized.
- a more acute angle than 90 ° can be advantageous for the operator because it can also drive into very tight corners.
- those to be moved Wings moved radially by individually controllable power drives can be, for. B. hydraulic cylinders or electrical actuators.
- a controller is provided for the exact positioning of a wing depending on its rotational position, which can individually control the power drive of each wing.
- the controller can also be coupled to a processor for the rotary drive in order to synchronize the movement of the wings with the rotary movement.
- a conventional circular movement of the wings or a "corner movement" When compressing larger areas, it may be undesirable or unnecessary over long distances for the blades to follow a path deviating from a circular movement. Only in the vicinity of the corners can it then be expedient to change the movement profile of the wings with the aid of the control.
- distance sensors can detect the distance to the delimiting walls and thus control the wing position accordingly.
- the corners can also be smoothed in this way from any approach position, so that corners with angles other than 90 ° can also be machined quickly and efficiently.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
- Gear Transmission (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004019866A DE102004019866B3 (en) | 2004-04-23 | 2004-04-23 | power float |
PCT/EP2005/004354 WO2005103413A1 (en) | 2004-04-23 | 2005-04-22 | Concrete finishing trowel |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1756382A1 true EP1756382A1 (en) | 2007-02-28 |
EP1756382B1 EP1756382B1 (en) | 2008-06-18 |
Family
ID=34969218
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05747747A Expired - Fee Related EP1756382B1 (en) | 2004-04-23 | 2005-04-22 | Concrete finishing trowel |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7674069B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1756382B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2007533880A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1965135B (en) |
DE (2) | DE102004019866B3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2306155T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005103413A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009147654A1 (en) * | 2008-06-02 | 2009-12-10 | Maradin Technologies Ltd. | Gimbaled scanning micro-mirror apparatus |
US8757925B2 (en) | 2010-09-16 | 2014-06-24 | Todd Michael Banchio | Cordless concrete finishing tool |
US11471998B2 (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2022-10-18 | Global Polishing Systems, Llc | Tools for polishing and refinishing concrete and methods for using the same |
CA2899892C (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2019-01-15 | Global Polishing Systems LLC | Concrete cutting, polishing and coloring treatment solutions |
US10246885B2 (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2019-04-02 | Husqvarna Construction Products North America, Inc. | Grouting pan assembly with reinforcement ring |
US9580916B2 (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2017-02-28 | Diamond Tool Supply, Inc. | Method for finishing a composite surface and a grounting pan for finishing a composite surface |
CN104594610B (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-09-21 | 郑根连 | Water jet wall ash-shoveling device |
JP6466628B2 (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2019-02-06 | ハスクバーナ・コンストラクション・プロダクツ・ノース・アメリカ、インコーポレイテッドHusqvarna Construction Products North America, Inc. | Polishing or grinding pad assembly |
US20170275896A1 (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2017-09-28 | Christopher Valliant | Grout Spreader |
USD854902S1 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2019-07-30 | Husqvarna Construction Products North America, Inc. | Polishing or grinding pad |
USD927952S1 (en) | 2017-08-30 | 2021-08-17 | Husqvarna Ab | Polishing or grinding pad assembly with abrasive disk, spacer, reinforcement and pad |
USD958626S1 (en) | 2017-08-30 | 2022-07-26 | Husqvarna Ab | Polishing or grinding pad assembly with abrasive disks, reinforcement and pad |
AU201810919S (en) | 2017-08-30 | 2018-04-13 | Husqvarna Construction Products North America | Polishing or grinding pad assembly with abrasive discs reinforcement and pad |
US10710214B2 (en) | 2018-01-11 | 2020-07-14 | Husqvarna Ab | Polishing or grinding pad with multilayer reinforcement |
JP6634463B2 (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2020-01-22 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | Concrete finishing equipment |
US10760227B2 (en) | 2019-01-22 | 2020-09-01 | Multiquip Inc. | Flotation machine having pan support structure configured for conforming the shape of a float pan |
CN109610844B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2023-09-01 | 织金恒沣商砼有限公司 | Floor concrete leveling machine |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4027991A (en) | 1976-09-08 | 1977-06-07 | M-B-W, Inc. | Concrete finisher with retractable guard ring section |
DE2852878A1 (en) * | 1978-12-07 | 1980-06-19 | Rahdener Maschf August | THREE-KNIFE CUTTING MACHINE |
US4477203A (en) * | 1982-08-16 | 1984-10-16 | Alexander Laditka | Apparatus and method for applying coatings to traffic surfaces |
US4958955A (en) * | 1982-08-16 | 1990-09-25 | Alexander Laditka | Methods and apparatus for dispensing, mixing and applying coating constituents to traffic surfaces using tandem operated sets of rotary tools |
US4577993A (en) * | 1985-02-22 | 1986-03-25 | Allen Engineering Corporation | Power trowel with cam-actuated blade pitch adjustment mechanism |
IT1222353B (en) * | 1987-10-27 | 1990-09-05 | Evaristo Revelin | SANDING MACHINE WITH ROTATING PLATE WITH MULTIPLE NON-REVOLVING HEADS COMPARED TO THE SAME PLATE |
US5039249A (en) * | 1989-08-18 | 1991-08-13 | Hansen Joel D | Apparatus for screening and trowelling concrete |
US5372452A (en) * | 1993-02-24 | 1994-12-13 | Hodgson; James A. | Power trowels |
US5480258A (en) * | 1993-12-30 | 1996-01-02 | Allen Engineering, Inc. | Variable width, twin engine riding trowel |
US5685667A (en) * | 1993-12-30 | 1997-11-11 | Allen Engineering Corporation | High performance contra-rotating riding trowel |
DE19542728C1 (en) | 1995-11-16 | 1997-06-12 | Tokimec Inc | Finisher for smoothly finishing concrete floor surface while moving machine proper on floor |
US6048130A (en) * | 1997-01-15 | 2000-04-11 | Allen Engineering Corporation | Hydraulically driven, multiple rotor riding trowel |
US6368016B1 (en) * | 1999-07-13 | 2002-04-09 | Wacker Corporation | Concrete finishing trowel having an electronically actuated steering assembly |
BE1013536A3 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2002-03-05 | B Mac Bv Met Beperkte Aansprak | Finisher FLOORS FOR HARD MATERIALS AND THUS CAN BE USED SHEET. |
-
2004
- 2004-04-23 DE DE102004019866A patent/DE102004019866B3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-04-22 US US11/568,136 patent/US7674069B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-04-22 ES ES05747747T patent/ES2306155T3/en active Active
- 2005-04-22 DE DE502005004462T patent/DE502005004462D1/en active Active
- 2005-04-22 CN CN200580011330XA patent/CN1965135B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-04-22 WO PCT/EP2005/004354 patent/WO2005103413A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2005-04-22 EP EP05747747A patent/EP1756382B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-04-22 JP JP2007508858A patent/JP2007533880A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2005103413A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2005103413A1 (en) | 2005-11-03 |
US7674069B2 (en) | 2010-03-09 |
CN1965135B (en) | 2011-06-29 |
EP1756382B1 (en) | 2008-06-18 |
DE502005004462D1 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
ES2306155T3 (en) | 2008-11-01 |
CN1965135A (en) | 2007-05-16 |
US20080019774A1 (en) | 2008-01-24 |
DE102004019866B3 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
JP2007533880A (en) | 2007-11-22 |
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