EP1752223B1 - Electrostatic precipitator for exhaust systems - Google Patents

Electrostatic precipitator for exhaust systems Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1752223B1
EP1752223B1 EP06015104A EP06015104A EP1752223B1 EP 1752223 B1 EP1752223 B1 EP 1752223B1 EP 06015104 A EP06015104 A EP 06015104A EP 06015104 A EP06015104 A EP 06015104A EP 1752223 B1 EP1752223 B1 EP 1752223B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slats
bunker
filter according
electric filter
exhaust gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP06015104A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1752223A1 (en
Inventor
Birgit Wortmann
Werner Stratmann
Peter Hages
Hermann BRÜGGENDICK
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Steag Energy Services GmbH
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Evonik Energy Services GmbH
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Publication date
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Priority to PL06015104T priority Critical patent/PL1752223T3/en
Publication of EP1752223A1 publication Critical patent/EP1752223A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/36—Controlling flow of gases or vapour
    • B03C3/361—Controlling flow of gases or vapour by static mechanical means, e.g. deflector
    • B03C3/366—Controlling flow of gases or vapour by static mechanical means, e.g. deflector located in the filter, e.g. special shape of the electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/01—Pretreatment of the gases prior to electrostatic precipitation
    • B03C3/011—Prefiltering; Flow controlling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/36—Controlling flow of gases or vapour
    • B03C3/361—Controlling flow of gases or vapour by static mechanical means, e.g. deflector
    • B03C3/363—Controlling flow of gases or vapour by static mechanical means, e.g. deflector located before the filter

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dry electrostatic precipitator for exhaust systems, in which flows to be cleaned exhaust gas from a Anströmkanal via a diffuser in an interior of a filter housing, wherein incorporated in the interior of precipitation electrodes and spray electrodes for the separation of dust particles from the exhaust stream in a predetermined distribution and a dust collector with several , Preferably funnel-shaped bunkers in a bottom side of the housing is arranged.
  • the task of the diffuser is to distribute the quantity of exhaust gas supplied from the inflow channel to the enlarged inlet surface of the filter housing interior.
  • the aim is to achieve defined velocity and ash particle distributions of the exhaust gas in the interior of the filter, and to minimize those flow components that bypass the side, above or below the collecting electrodes (bypass flows). This goal should be achieved with the lowest possible pressure loss and the lowest possible construction volume of the necessary conversion measures. So far, suitable baffles were installed in the diffuser or in the filter housing immediately behind the diffuser, as well as vertical partitions in the individual bunkers to avoid Bypbibströmungen.
  • Electrostatic precipitator arrangements are for example from the DE 1 557 008 A1 , of the US 4,026,683 A , of the US 2,634,818 or the GB 1 322 684 known. These have below the substantially horizontally flowed through the electric filter arrangement ash collection bunker. To allow a flow through the upper sections of the collection bunker To avoid vertical baffles are arranged in the bunker, which prevent a horizontal flow, but allow a vertical fall of the ash.
  • the invention has for its object to improve the flow profiles in the filter housing and thus the efficiency of the dust particle deposition.
  • the invention provides for the solution of the invention task that at least one transverse to the exhaust inflow direction slat is installed in a bunker adjacent to the diffuser obliquely to the vertical direction such that it largely uniformly impinging the exhaust gas flow at the bunker passes and approximately in a longitudinal direction of the filter (target flow direction) directs.
  • at least one transverse to the exhaust inflow direction slat is installed in a bunker adjacent to the diffuser obliquely to the vertical direction such that it largely uniformly impinging the exhaust gas flow at the bunker passes and approximately in a longitudinal direction of the filter (target flow direction) directs.
  • the measures according to the invention are directed primarily to the diffuser-adjacent bunker cells. These were previously the cause of the strongest deviations from the desired flow profile of the exhaust stream.
  • the well-known installation of a vertical and central partition helps little; because a vertical partition inevitably causes a strong deflection of the exhaust gas flow in the vertical direction, which in turn leads to a disability of the precipitated from the collecting electrodes, falling down agglomerated particles.
  • the transverse slat is installed such that the incident exhaust gas flow is deflected predominantly in the longitudinal direction of the housing interior.
  • a group of mutually spaced lamellae immersed in each of the bunker cells adjacent to the diffuser This further improves the large-area deflection of the exhaust stream directed into the bunker cell in the housing longitudinal direction and creates the prerequisite for optimizing the flow profile in the electrostatic precipitator and thus increasing the separation efficiency.
  • each slat has an upper edge which is at or above a bunker entry level runs. As a result, the bypass flow into the adjacent precipitation electrode field is further reduced. The height above the upper bunker edge is limited by the high-voltage components.
  • a particularly simple design is characterized in that the lamellae of a group are arranged in approximately parallel planes. It is expedient if the lamellae of a group are arranged at equal mutual distances.
  • the height dimensions and thus the immersion depths of the slats in the bunker are based on the distances between the sheets to each other and is preferably about twice the fin spacing.
  • the height dimension of the slats is preferably so short that a flow of dust from the bunker is not hindered.
  • the immersion depths of the slats in the bunker are preferably 1/4 to 1/3 of the Bunkerwandianaen.
  • FIG. 1 For separating the dust particles plate-shaped collecting electrodes 5 are arranged in parallel planes which correspond to the main flow direction of the gas flowing from the diffuser 2 to the outflow hood 3 gas.
  • the bottom side of the filter housing 1 is formed by a matrix of funnel-shaped bunkers 4, 4a... 4d arranged in rows and columns.
  • the bunkers serve to remove the dust particles deposited in the electrostatic precipitator.
  • the spray electrodes are associated with the collecting electrodes 5, in the drawing according to FIG. 1 but not shown.
  • a plurality of substantially parallel slats 6 are arranged transversely to the flow direction.
  • the slats 6 extend substantially parallel to the downstream bunker wall 8, that is, in the illustrated embodiment at an angle of approximately 30 ° to the vertical plane.
  • Other lamellar inclination angles may be appropriate in adaptation to the profiles of the impinging exhaust gas flow, taking into account the avoidance of dust deposits on the fins.
  • FIG. 2 The arrangement of a lamella group in a bunker 4 closest to the diffuser 2 is shown schematically in FIG FIG. 2 shown.
  • FIG. 2 shown slats 6 extend in parallel planes.
  • Each of the fins 6 projects with an upper portion above the level of bunker level 9.
  • the immersion depth of the slats in the bunker 4 is selected so that the lower discharge edge 7 of each slat is arranged at a distance both to a bunker wall and to each adjacent slat.
  • the adjacent front bunker wall or bunker floor thus always has a sufficiently large gap-shaped opening for unimpeded removal of the deposited dust particles which slip off on a lamella 6.
  • the angle of attack of each lamella is chosen to be sufficiently steep, so that the lamella 6, similar to the bunker wall 8, can act as a chute for the dust particles.
  • the collecting function of the bunker cell 4 remains practically the same as that of a bunker cell 4a without internals.
  • FIG. 2 schematically a vertical section through a funnel-shaped bunker 4 is shown with a flow thread fan 10, which illustrates the advantageous effect of the fin group 6 on the flow profile in the region of the first bunker row.
  • the exiting from the diffuser 2, directed into the lower region of the filter housing exhaust gas flow is deflected by the oblique slats approximately in the longitudinal direction of the filter housing. Because of this deflection, the transverse flow components are better distributed to the interior and reduces the speed differences occurring at the exhaust gas inlet into the interior. By far the greatest part of the flow now moves within the effective range of the collecting electrodes 5, so that the efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator is improved.
  • the installation parameters of the lamella group 6 can be varied in many cases in coordination with the respective flow profile in the output plane of the diffuser 2.
  • the number of submerged in a funnel-shaped bunker 4 slats 6, their mutual distance and / or their dimensions above and below the bunker level 9 are changed.
  • the inlet-side region of the bunker 4 adjacent to the diffuser 2 is occupied by lamellae 6 which redirecting the exhaust gas flow in the longitudinal direction of the interior of the electrostatic filter.
  • the individual slats 6 can also, as in FIG. 2 shown, sometimes have different distances to each other.
  • slats 6 as flat sheets proves to be particularly easy to manufacture. Possible and in certain flow profiles may be appropriate but also a curved or angled course of the individual slats. For a better sliding of the dust on the sheets, a comb-shaped shape can be selected on the underside. Examples are in the Figures 3a, 3b and 3c Shown schematically at 6a, 6b and 6c.
  • FIG. 4 is a plate-shaped blade 6 shown schematically, the discharge edge 7a is toothed.
  • the teeth of the discharge edge facilitates in many cases the sliding and throwing the dust particles into the bunker. 4

Landscapes

  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Abstract

Electrostatic filter comprises lamellae (6) built into hoppers (4) next to a diffuser (2) and lying across the exhaust gas flow direction and skew to the vertical direction so that exhaust gases uniformly pass through and the lamellae deviate the flow in the longitudinal direction of the filter.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Trocken-Elektrofilter für Abgassysteme, bei dem zu reinigendes Abgas aus einem Anströmkanal über einen Diffusor in einen Innenraum eines Filtergehäuses einströmt, wobei im Innenraum Niederschlagselektroden und Sprühelektroden zum Abscheiden von Staubpartikeln aus dem Abgasstrom in vorgegebener Verteilung eingebaut und ein Staubsammler mit mehreren, vorzugsweise trichterförmigen Bunkern in einer Bodenseite des Gehäuses angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a dry electrostatic precipitator for exhaust systems, in which flows to be cleaned exhaust gas from a Anströmkanal via a diffuser in an interior of a filter housing, wherein incorporated in the interior of precipitation electrodes and spray electrodes for the separation of dust particles from the exhaust stream in a predetermined distribution and a dust collector with several , Preferably funnel-shaped bunkers in a bottom side of the housing is arranged.

In derartigen Elektrofilteranordnungen kommt dem Diffusor die Aufgabe zu, die aus dem Anströmkanal zugeführte Abgasmenge auf die vergrößerte Eintrittsfläche des Filtergehäuse-Innenraums zu verteilen. Ziel ist es, definierte Geschwindigkeits- und Aschepartikelverteilungen des Abgases im Innenraum des Filters zu erreichen, und solche Strömungsanteile zu minimieren, die seitlich, ober- oder unterhalb die Niederschlagselektroden umgehen (Bypaßströmungen). Dieses Ziel soll bei möglichst geringem Druckverlust und bei möglichst geringem Bauvolumen der notwendigen Umbaumaßnahmen erreicht werden. Bisher wurden geeignete Leitbleche im Diffusor oder im Filtergehäuse unmittelbar hinter dem Diffusor eingebaut, sowie senkrechte Trennwände in den einzelnen Bunkern zur Vermeidung von Bypaßströmungen. Diese Maßnahmen führten aber nicht zu dem gewünschten Ergebnis, da der Diffusor den Abgasstrom auf den Eintrittsquerschnitt des Filtergehäuses aufweitet, wobei es vor allem an der Gehäuseunterseite durch die Konstruktion der Bunker zu erheblichen Abweichungen von dem gewünschten Geschwindigkeitsprofil und der gewünschten Aschepartikelverteilung kommt.In such electrostatic filter arrangements, the task of the diffuser is to distribute the quantity of exhaust gas supplied from the inflow channel to the enlarged inlet surface of the filter housing interior. The aim is to achieve defined velocity and ash particle distributions of the exhaust gas in the interior of the filter, and to minimize those flow components that bypass the side, above or below the collecting electrodes (bypass flows). This goal should be achieved with the lowest possible pressure loss and the lowest possible construction volume of the necessary conversion measures. So far, suitable baffles were installed in the diffuser or in the filter housing immediately behind the diffuser, as well as vertical partitions in the individual bunkers to avoid Bypaßströmungen. However, these measures did not lead to the desired result, since the diffuser expands the exhaust gas flow to the inlet cross-section of the filter housing, wherein there is considerable deviations from the desired velocity profile and the desired ash particle distribution, especially at the bottom of the housing by the construction of the bunker.

Elektrofilteranordnungen sind beispielsweise aus der DE 1 557 008 A1 , der US 4,026,683 A , der US 2,634,818 oder der GB 1 322 684 bekannt. Diese weisen unterhalb der im wesentlichen waagerecht durchströmten Elektrofilteranordnung Aschesammelbunker auf. Um ein Durchströmen der oberen Abschnitte der Sammelbunker zu vermeiden, sind senkrechte Schikanenbleche in dem Bunker angeordnet, die ein horizontales Durchströmen verhindern, aber ein vertikales Hinabfallen der Asche ermöglichen.Electrostatic precipitator arrangements are for example from the DE 1 557 008 A1 , of the US 4,026,683 A , of the US 2,634,818 or the GB 1 322 684 known. These have below the substantially horizontally flowed through the electric filter arrangement ash collection bunker. To allow a flow through the upper sections of the collection bunker To avoid vertical baffles are arranged in the bunker, which prevent a horizontal flow, but allow a vertical fall of the ash.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Strömungsprofile im Filtergehäuse und damit den Wirkungsgrad der Staubpartikel-Abscheidung zu verbessern.The invention has for its object to improve the flow profiles in the filter housing and thus the efficiency of the dust particle deposition.

Bei der Lösung dieser Aufgabe geht die Erfindung von der anhand von Versuchsreihen und Simulationsrechnungen gewonnenen Erkenntnis aus, daß die durch die trichterförmigen Bunker hervorgerufenen Störungen im Strömungsprofil durch besondere Mittel im Bereich der dem Diffusor unmittelbar benachbarten ersten Bunkerreihe verbessert werden können.In the solution of this problem, the invention of the obtained by means of test series and simulation calculations Recognizing that caused by the funnel-shaped bunkers disturbances in the airfoil can be improved by special means in the region of the first bunker row immediately adjacent to the diffuser.

Ausgehend von einem Elektrofilter der eingangs angegebenen Art, sieht die Erfindung zur Lösung der Erfindungsaufgabe vor, daß wenigstens eine zur Abgas-Einströmrichtung quer verlaufende Lamelle in einen dem Diffusor benachbarten Bunker schräg zur Vertikalrichtung derart eingebaut ist, daß sie den auftreffenden Abgasstrom weitgehend gleichmäßig am Bunker vorbeiführt und etwa in eine Längsrichtung des Filters (Soll-Strömungsrichtung) lenkt. Dadurch werden sowohl eine Umgehung der Niederschlagselektroden als auch eine Vertikalkomponente der Abgasströmung zwischen den Niederschlagselektroden minimiert.Starting from an electrostatic precipitator of the type specified, the invention provides for the solution of the invention task that at least one transverse to the exhaust inflow direction slat is installed in a bunker adjacent to the diffuser obliquely to the vertical direction such that it largely uniformly impinging the exhaust gas flow at the bunker passes and approximately in a longitudinal direction of the filter (target flow direction) directs. Thereby, both a bypass of the collecting electrodes and a vertical component of the exhaust gas flow between the collecting electrodes are minimized.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen sind vor allem auf die Diffusor-benachbarten Bunkerzellen gerichtet. Diese waren bisher für die stärksten Abweichungen vom angestrebten Strömungsprofil des Abgasstromes ursächlich. Der bekannte Einbau einer vertikalen und zentralen Trennwand hilft wenig; denn eine vertikale Trennwand bewirkt unvermeidlich eine starke Umlenkung des Abgasstromes in Vertikalrichtung, was wiederum zu einer Behinderung der von den Niederschlagselektroden abgeklopften, nach unten fallenden agglomerierten Partikel führt. Bei der Erfindung wird die querverlaufende Lamelle derart eingebaut, daß der auftreffende Abgasstrom überwiegend in die Längsrichtung des Gehäuseinnenraumes umgelenkt wird.The measures according to the invention are directed primarily to the diffuser-adjacent bunker cells. These were previously the cause of the strongest deviations from the desired flow profile of the exhaust stream. The well-known installation of a vertical and central partition helps little; because a vertical partition inevitably causes a strong deflection of the exhaust gas flow in the vertical direction, which in turn leads to a disability of the precipitated from the collecting electrodes, falling down agglomerated particles. In the invention, the transverse slat is installed such that the incident exhaust gas flow is deflected predominantly in the longitudinal direction of the housing interior.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung taucht eine Gruppe von in gegenseitigem Abstand angeordneten Lamellen in jede der dem Diffusor benachbarten Bunkerzellen ein. Dies verbessert weiter die großflächige Umlenkung des in die Bunkerzelle gerichtete Abgasstroms in Gehäuse-Längsrichtung und schafft die Voraussetzung dafür, das Strömungsprofil im Elektrofilter zu optimieren und damit den Abscheidewirkungsgrad zu erhöhen.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a group of mutually spaced lamellae immersed in each of the bunker cells adjacent to the diffuser. This further improves the large-area deflection of the exhaust stream directed into the bunker cell in the housing longitudinal direction and creates the prerequisite for optimizing the flow profile in the electrostatic precipitator and thus increasing the separation efficiency.

In bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung hat jede Lamelle eine Oberkante, die in Höhe oder oberhalb einer Bunker-Eintrittsebene verläuft. Dadurch wird die Beipaßströmung in das benachbarte Niederschlagselektrodenfeld noch weiter verringert. Die Höhe über der Bunkeroberkante ist durch die Hochspannung führenden Komponenten begrenzt.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, each slat has an upper edge which is at or above a bunker entry level runs. As a result, the bypass flow into the adjacent precipitation electrode field is further reduced. The height above the upper bunker edge is limited by the high-voltage components.

Eine besonders einfache Bauform ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lamellen einer Gruppe in etwa parallelen Ebenen angeordnet sind. Dabei ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die Lamellen einer Gruppe in gleichen gegenseitigen Abständen angeordnet sind.A particularly simple design is characterized in that the lamellae of a group are arranged in approximately parallel planes. It is expedient if the lamellae of a group are arranged at equal mutual distances.

Die Höhenabmessungen und damit die Eintauchtiefen der Lamellen in den Bunker orientieren sich an den Abständen der Bleche zueinander und beträgt vorzugsweise etwa das Doppelte des Lamellenabstandes. Die Höhenabmessung der Lamellen ist vorzugsweise so kurz, daß ein Abfließen des Staubes aus dem Bunker nicht behindert wird.The height dimensions and thus the immersion depths of the slats in the bunker are based on the distances between the sheets to each other and is preferably about twice the fin spacing. The height dimension of the slats is preferably so short that a flow of dust from the bunker is not hindered.

Die Eintauchtiefen der Lamellen in den Bunker betragen vorzugsweise 1/4 bis 1/3 der Bunkerwandtiefen.The immersion depths of the slats in the bunker are preferably 1/4 to 1/3 of the Bunkerwandtiefen.

Andere Weiterbildungen und zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen des Erfindungsgegenstandes sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Other developments and expedient embodiments of the subject invention are characterized in the subclaims.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigt:

  • Figur 1 eine perspektivische Schemadarstellung eines Elektrofilters, wobei Deckwände und die der Blickrichtung zugewandten Seitenwände fortgelassen und eine Seitenwand einer der Blickrichtung zugewandten eintrittsseitigen Bunkerzelle teilweise weggebrochen sind.
  • Figur 2 eine schematische vertikale Schnittansicht durch eine trichterförmige Bunkerzelle mit einer eingebauten Lamellengruppe und einer schematischen Darstellung der an der Lamellengruppe umgelenkten Abgasströme;
  • Figuren 3a, 3b und 3c schematische Schnittansichten verschiedener alternativer Ausführungen von schräg in eine Bunkerzelle eingebauten Lamellen und
  • Figur 4 eine Teildarstellung einer plattenförmigen Lamelle mit einer gezahnten Abwurfkante.
  • Die perspektivische Schemadarstellung eines Elektrofilters gemäß Figur 1 ist beispielhaft für einen Filtertyp der hinsichtlich der Länge, der Anzahl der Niederschlagselektrodenfelder, der Form der An- und Abströmkanäle, der Anordnung und Ausführung von Leitblechen und Gasverteilungswänden und weiteren konstruktiven Merkmalen variieren kann.
In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments schematically illustrated in the drawing. In the drawing shows:
  • FIG. 1 a perspective schematic view of an electrostatic filter, said cover walls and the viewing direction facing side walls omitted and a side wall of the viewing direction facing entrance side bunker cell are partially broken away.
  • FIG. 2 a schematic vertical sectional view through a funnel-shaped bunker cell with a built-in fin group and a schematic representation of the deflected at the fin group exhaust gas flows;
  • Figures 3a, 3b and 3c schematic sectional views of various alternative embodiments of slats built into a bunker cell obliquely and
  • FIG. 4 a partial view of a plate-shaped blade with a toothed discharge edge.
  • The perspective schematic representation of an electrostatic filter according to FIG. 1 is exemplary of a type of filter that may vary in length, number of deposition electrode fields, shape of the inlet and outlet channels, the arrangement and design of baffles and gas distribution walls, and other design features.

Das in Figur 1 dargestellte Elektrofilter hat ein Filtergehäuse 1, wenigstens einen anströmseitigen Diffusor 2 und wenigstens eine Abströmhaube 3. Zum Abscheiden der Staubpartikel sind plattenförmige Niederschlagselektroden 5 in parallelen Ebenen angeordnet, welche der Hauptströmungsrichtung des vom Diffusor 2 zur Abströmhaube 3 strömenden Gases entsprechen. Die Bodenseite des Filtergehäuses 1 wird durch eine Matrix von in Zeilen und Spalten angeordneten trichterförmigen Bunkern 4, 4a...4d gebildet. Die Bunker dienen dem Abführen der im Elektrofilter abgeschiedenen Staubpartikel. Die Sprühelektroden sind den Niederschlagselektroden 5 zugeordnet, in der Zeichnung gemäß Figur 1 aber nicht dargestellt.This in FIG. 1 For separating the dust particles plate-shaped collecting electrodes 5 are arranged in parallel planes which correspond to the main flow direction of the gas flowing from the diffuser 2 to the outflow hood 3 gas. The bottom side of the filter housing 1 is formed by a matrix of funnel-shaped bunkers 4, 4a... 4d arranged in rows and columns. The bunkers serve to remove the dust particles deposited in the electrostatic precipitator. The spray electrodes are associated with the collecting electrodes 5, in the drawing according to FIG. 1 but not shown.

In verschiedenen Bunkern sind bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel vertikale Trennwände 16 eingebaut, die der Verminderung von Bypaßströmungen unterhalb der Niederschlagselektroden 5 dienen und damit das Strömungsprofil und den Abscheidewirkungsgrad des Elektrofilters zusätzlich verbessern.In various bunkers vertical partition walls 16 are installed in the illustrated embodiment, which serve to reduce Bypaßströmungen below the collecting electrodes 5 and thus improve the flow profile and the separation efficiency of the electrostatic filter in addition.

In den Bunkern 4 der dem Diffusor 2 benachbarten Bunkerreihe sind mehrere im wesentlichen parallel verlaufende Lamellen 6 quer zur Strömungsrichtung angeordnet. Bei den in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen verlaufen die Lamellen 6 im wesentlichen parallel zur abströmseitigen Bunkerwand 8, d.h. in dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel unter einem Winkel von ca. 30° zur Vertikalebene. Andere Lamellen-Neigungswinkel können in Anpassung an die Profile des auftreffenden Abgasstromes unter Berücksichtigung der Vermeidung von Staubablagerungen auf den Lamellen zweckmäßig sein.In the bunkers 4 of the diffuser 2 adjacent bunker row a plurality of substantially parallel slats 6 are arranged transversely to the flow direction. In the in the FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrated embodiments, the slats 6 extend substantially parallel to the downstream bunker wall 8, that is, in the illustrated embodiment at an angle of approximately 30 ° to the vertical plane. Other lamellar inclination angles may be appropriate in adaptation to the profiles of the impinging exhaust gas flow, taking into account the avoidance of dust deposits on the fins.

Die Anordnung einer Lamellengruppe in einem dem Diffusor 2 nächst gelegenen Bunker 4 ist schematisch in Figur 2 dargestellt.The arrangement of a lamella group in a bunker 4 closest to the diffuser 2 is shown schematically in FIG FIG. 2 shown.

Alle in Figur 2 dargestellten Lamellen 6 verlaufen in parallelen Ebenen. Jede der Lamellen 6 springt mit einem oberen Abschnitt über das Niveau der Bunkerebene 9 vor. Die Eintauchtiefe der Lamellen in den Bunker 4 ist so gewählt, daß die untere Abwurfkante 7 jeder Lamelle mit Abstand sowohl zu einer Bunkerwand als auch zu jeder benachbarten Lamelle angeordnet ist. Zur benachbarten vorderen Bunkerwand bzw. zum Bunkerboden bleibt also immer eine ausreichend große spaltförmige Öffnung zum ungehinderten Abführen der abgeschiedenen und auf einer Lamelle 6 abrutschenden Staubpartikel. Der Anstellwinkel jeder Lamelle ist ausreichend steil gewählt, damit die Lamelle 6 ähnlich der Bunkerwand 8 als Schütte für die Staubpartikel wirken kann. Trotz des Einbaus der Lamellengruppe 6 bleibt die Sammelfunktion der Bunkerzelle 4 praktisch die gleiche wie diejenige einer Bunkerzelle 4a ohne Einbauten.Alone FIG. 2 shown slats 6 extend in parallel planes. Each of the fins 6 projects with an upper portion above the level of bunker level 9. The immersion depth of the slats in the bunker 4 is selected so that the lower discharge edge 7 of each slat is arranged at a distance both to a bunker wall and to each adjacent slat. The adjacent front bunker wall or bunker floor thus always has a sufficiently large gap-shaped opening for unimpeded removal of the deposited dust particles which slip off on a lamella 6. The angle of attack of each lamella is chosen to be sufficiently steep, so that the lamella 6, similar to the bunker wall 8, can act as a chute for the dust particles. Despite the installation of the lamella group 6, the collecting function of the bunker cell 4 remains practically the same as that of a bunker cell 4a without internals.

In Figur 2 ist schematisch ein Vertikalschnitt durch einen trichterförmigen Bunker 4 mit einem Strömungsfadenfächer 10 dargestellt, der die vorteilhafte Wirkung der Lamellengruppe 6 auf das Strömungsprofil im Bereich der ersten Bunkerreihe veranschaulicht. Die aus dem Diffusor 2 austretende, in den unteren Bereich des Filtergehäuses gerichtete Abgasströmung wird durch die schrägen Lamellen etwa in Längsrichtung des Filtergehäuses umgelenkt. Aufgrund dieser Umlenkung werden die quergerichteten Strömungsanteile besser auf den Innenraum verteilt und die beim Abgaseintritt in den Innenraum auftretenden Geschwindigkeitsdifferenzen verringert. Der weitaus größte Teil der Strömung bewegt sich jetzt in dem Wirkungsbereich der Niederschlagselektroden 5, so daß der Wirkungsgrad des Elektrofilters verbessert wird.In FIG. 2 schematically a vertical section through a funnel-shaped bunker 4 is shown with a flow thread fan 10, which illustrates the advantageous effect of the fin group 6 on the flow profile in the region of the first bunker row. The exiting from the diffuser 2, directed into the lower region of the filter housing exhaust gas flow is deflected by the oblique slats approximately in the longitudinal direction of the filter housing. Because of this deflection, the transverse flow components are better distributed to the interior and reduces the speed differences occurring at the exhaust gas inlet into the interior. By far the greatest part of the flow now moves within the effective range of the collecting electrodes 5, so that the efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator is improved.

Die Einbauparameter der Lamellengruppe 6 können in Abstimmung auf das jeweilige Strömungsprofil in der Ausgangsebene des Diffusors 2 vielfach variiert werden. So können die Zahl der in einen trichterförmigen Bunker 4 eintauchenden Lamellen 6, deren gegenseitiger Abstand und/oder deren Abmessungen oberhalb und unterhalb der Bunkerebene 9 geändert werden. Vorzugsweise ist vor allem der eintrittsseitige Bereich der dem Diffusor 2 benachbarten Bunker 4 mit Lamellen 6 besetzt, welche die Abgasströmung in die Längsrichtung des Innenraums des Elektrofilters umlenken. Die einzelnen Lamellen 6 können auch, wie in Figur 2 dargestellt, teilweise unterschiedliche Abstände zueinander haben.The installation parameters of the lamella group 6 can be varied in many cases in coordination with the respective flow profile in the output plane of the diffuser 2. Thus, the number of submerged in a funnel-shaped bunker 4 slats 6, their mutual distance and / or their dimensions above and below the bunker level 9 are changed. Preferably, especially the inlet-side region of the bunker 4 adjacent to the diffuser 2 is occupied by lamellae 6 which redirecting the exhaust gas flow in the longitudinal direction of the interior of the electrostatic filter. The individual slats 6 can also, as in FIG. 2 shown, sometimes have different distances to each other.

Die Ausbildung der Lamellen 6 als ebene Bleche erweist sich herstellungstechnisch als besonders einfach. Möglich und bei bestimmten Strömungsprofilen unter Umständen zweckmäßig ist aber auch ein geschwungener oder abgewinkelter Verlauf der einzelnen Lamellen. Für ein besseres Abgleiten des Staubes auf den Blechen kann an der Unterseite auch eine kammförmige Form gewählt werden. Beispiele sind in den Figuren 3a, 3b und 3c mit 6a, 6b und 6c schematisch dargestellt.The formation of the slats 6 as flat sheets proves to be particularly easy to manufacture. Possible and in certain flow profiles may be appropriate but also a curved or angled course of the individual slats. For a better sliding of the dust on the sheets, a comb-shaped shape can be selected on the underside. Examples are in the Figures 3a, 3b and 3c Shown schematically at 6a, 6b and 6c.

In Figur 4 ist eine plattenförmige Lamelle 6 schematisch dargestellt, deren Abwurfkante 7a gezahnt ist. Die Zahnung der Abwurfkante erleichtert in vielen Fällen das Abgleiten und Abwerfen der Staubpartikel in den Bunker 4.In FIG. 4 is a plate-shaped blade 6 shown schematically, the discharge edge 7a is toothed. The teeth of the discharge edge facilitates in many cases the sliding and throwing the dust particles into the bunker. 4

Claims (12)

  1. Electric filter for exhaust gas systems, in which exhaust gas to be cleaned flows from an inflow channel by way of a diffuser (2) into an interior space of a filter housing (1), wherein passive electrodes (5) and spray electrodes for separation of dust particles from the exhaust gas flow in predetermined distribution are installed in the interior space and a dust collector with several, preferably funnel-shaped, bunkers (4, 4a ... 4d) is arranged in a base side of the housing, wherein at least one slat (6) is arranged in a bunker (4), which is adjacent to the diffuser (2), transversely to the exhaust gas inflow direction, characterised in that the at least one slat (6) is installed in the bunker (4) at such an angle to the vertical direction that it conducts the incident exhaust gas flow largely uniformly past the bunker (4) and deflects it substantially into a longitudinal direction of the filter, i.e. target flow direction.
  2. Electric filter according to claim 1, characterised in that the at least one slat (6) has a lower discharge edge (7) at which a passage opening for separated dust particles is formed.
  3. Electric filter according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a group of slats (6) arranged at a mutual spacing enter into each of the bunkers (4) adjacent to the diffuser (2).
  4. Electric filter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that each slat (6) has an upper edge which is arranged at the same height or greater height than a bunker entry plane (9).
  5. Electric filter according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the slats (6) of a group are arranged in parallel planes.
  6. Electric filter according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterised in that the slats (6) of a group are arranged at the same mutual spacings.
  7. Electric filter according any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the entry depth of the slats (6) into the bunkers is 1/4 to 1/3 of the bunker wall depth.
  8. Electric filter according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the slats (6) are formed by flat plates.
  9. Electric filter according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the height dimension of the slats (6) is at least twice as large as the spacing between adjacent slats.
  10. Electric filter according to any one of claim 1 to 7, characterised in that the slats (6a, 6b, 6c) have curved and/or angled profiles.
  11. Electric filter according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein several constructionally identical bunkers (4) are arranged in a row beside one another adjacent to the diffuser (2) and each bunker of the row is provided with a slat group (6) of the same construction and arrangement.
  12. Electric filter according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the slats (6) are provided at least partly with toothed discharge edges (7a).
EP06015104A 2005-08-09 2006-07-20 Electrostatic precipitator for exhaust systems Not-in-force EP1752223B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL06015104T PL1752223T3 (en) 2005-08-09 2006-07-20 Electrostatic precipitator for exhaust systems

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005037993A DE102005037993B4 (en) 2005-08-09 2005-08-09 Electrostatic precipitator for exhaust systems

Publications (2)

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EP1752223A1 EP1752223A1 (en) 2007-02-14
EP1752223B1 true EP1752223B1 (en) 2009-09-02

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EP06015104A Not-in-force EP1752223B1 (en) 2005-08-09 2006-07-20 Electrostatic precipitator for exhaust systems

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EP (1) EP1752223B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE441480T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102005037993B4 (en)
PL (1) PL1752223T3 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105709937A (en) * 2014-12-01 2016-06-29 天津蓝巢电力检修有限公司 Electric deduster system additionally equipped with ash hopper purging device
CN109395883A (en) * 2017-08-18 2019-03-01 武汉科技大学 A kind of equal appearance low speed effluent electrostatic precipitator

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE429856C (en) * 1924-12-23 1926-06-10 Lurgi Appbau Ges M B H Electric precipitation system for the separation of smoke, dust or mist from gases
DE703663C (en) * 1937-06-02 1941-03-13 Patentverwertung Guide surface installation in curved or angled gas ducts, especially in the supply line to electrostatic precipitators
FR885853A (en) * 1941-09-17 1943-09-28 Siemens Lurgi Cottrell Elektro Electric dust collector, especially for automobiles running on generator gas
US2634818A (en) * 1949-12-06 1953-04-14 Research Corp Gas cleaning apparatus
GB705036A (en) * 1951-11-09 1954-03-03 Richard Fritz Heinrich Improvements relating to electrostatic precipitators
DE1557008A1 (en) * 1967-05-16 1970-03-19 Appbau Rothemuehle Brandt & Kr Electrostatic precipitator with bypass deflection
GB1185601A (en) * 1968-01-12 1970-03-25 Orbitron Electronic Products L Improvements in and relating to Air Filters
US3733785A (en) * 1971-02-04 1973-05-22 Envirotech Corp Gas flow regulation for electric precipitators
US3853511A (en) * 1972-02-16 1974-12-10 Elex Ltd Electrical precipitating apparatus
US4026683A (en) * 1975-11-20 1977-05-31 Environmental Elements Corporation Inlet duct and hopper apparatus for electrostatic precipitators
US5030261A (en) * 1988-02-12 1991-07-09 Giambattista Giusti Two stage transition input section for dust collectors
US5156658A (en) * 1991-05-01 1992-10-20 Research-Cottrell, Inc. Electrostatic precipitator gas inlet plenum having a corrugated perforated plate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102005037993B4 (en) 2007-12-27
EP1752223A1 (en) 2007-02-14
DE102005037993A1 (en) 2007-02-22
ATE441480T1 (en) 2009-09-15
PL1752223T3 (en) 2010-02-26
DE502006004717D1 (en) 2009-10-15

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