Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/001—Softening compositions
  • C11D3/0015—Softening compositions liquid
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
  • C11D17/0013—Liquid compositions with insoluble particles in suspension
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
  • C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
  • C11D3/1246—Silicates, e.g. diatomaceous earth
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/373—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicones
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/373—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicones
  • C11D3/3742—Nitrogen containing silicones

Definitions

• the present invention relates to treatment of textiles during a laundering process.
• it is concerned with treatments that will soften fabrics and reduce the incidence of wrinkle formation during wear.
• lubricants and cross linkers have been proposed.
• the lubricants used in the prior art include silicones such as polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS), aminosilicones, modified silicones, silicone copolymers, softeners (e.g. quaternary ammonium compounds) and other lubricants such as clays, waxes, polyolefins, synthetic and natural oils.
• PDMS polydimethyl siloxane
• aminosilicones aminosilicones
• modified silicones silicone copolymers
• softeners e.g. quaternary ammonium compounds
• other lubricants such as clays, waxes, polyolefins, synthetic and natural oils.
• Film formers and cross-linkers suggested in the prior art include: natural polymers (such as enzymes proteins, cyclodextrins, polysaccharides e.g. starch, chitin, chitosan, cellulose, 3-1,4-polysaccharides, SCMC, guar gum, HEC etc.), and synthetic polymers (such as polyamides, polyurethanes, polyamines, polyolefins, polyols, PEGS, polystyrene, PVA, PVC, vinyl polymers, acrylics).
• natural polymers such as enzymes proteins, cyclodextrins, polysaccharides e.g. starch, chitin, chitosan, cellulose, 3-1,4-polysaccharides, SCMC, guar gum, HEC etc.
• synthetic polymers such as polyamides, polyurethanes, polyamines, polyolefins, polyols, PEGS, polystyren
• film forming polymers examples include film forming polymers, reactive polymers (such as epichlorohydrin containing, isocyanate containing, epoxy containing or curable materials), or, elastomeric polymers (including both thermoplastic elastomers and silicone elastomers).
• reactive polymers such as epichlorohydrin containing, isocyanate containing, epoxy containing or curable materials
• elastomeric polymers including both thermoplastic elastomers and silicone elastomers.
• crosslinkers also include methylol urea based, carboxylic acid, formaldehyde, ammonia, triazine, and epoxide compositions.
• WO 2004/018762A1 discloses use of fusible elastomer film formers with cross-linked particles to improve recovery from wrinkle in spray or iron cartridge applications
• WO 2004/048677 discloses film formers for recovery in spray or iron cartridge applications including fusible elastomers + polycation salt for x-linking of elastomer.
• WO 2001/25381-5 disclose compositions with (A) a fabric softener, (B) an additive and (C) selected polyorganosilicones to endow fabrics in domestic applications with anti-pilling, elasticity, hydrophilicity, drape, and wrinkle recovery respectively. These properties are endowed by the organosilicone.
• the additives polysilicic acid is mentioned.
• WO 2002/088293 and US-A1-2002/019236 both disclose fabric care compositions comprising coated particles comprising a solid core with a D 3,2 average particle size of between 10 to 700 nm in diameter and a coating of silicone polymer covalently bonded to the solid core.
• Silica is mentioned in a list of suitable solid core materials.
• EP-A-1201817 (Procter & Gamble ) discloses aminosilicones with sterically hindered functional groups for in-wear wrinkle resistance, which are preferably delivered from a spray during domestic ironing process.
• EP-A-1096060 (Procter & Gamble ) discloses water-soluble silicone lubricants in combination with various polymeric compounds (film formers) which are said to provide fabrics with a wrinkle recovery angle of at least +15 units over and above water.
• EP-A-953675A2 (Dow Corning ) a textile fabric coated with an elastomeric silicone-based compound with a reinforcing filler preferably a silica + a second laminar filler preferably talc and mica.
• the coated fabrics amongst other benefit have less friction and are used for car seat belts. No teaching exists on the wrinkle benefit of the mixed silicone + particulate fillers.
• GB 842027 discloses textile friction enhancing compositions based on silica nanoparticles dispersed inside an oil emulsion droplets.
• the oil can be any of the known textile oils including mineral or vegetable oils.
• the oil to silica ratio exceeds 6 and deposition levels of 3-7% oil and 0.1-0.5% of silica per weight of fabric are preferred.
• WO 02/064877 discloses coating compositions, which comprise a 'nanoparticle' system of a size of less than or equal to 750nm, with a lower limit of '0' nm.
• coating compositions which comprise a 'nanoparticle' system of a size of less than or equal to 750nm, with a lower limit of '0' nm.
• Examples provided include synthetic silica (10-40nm), boehemite alumina (2-750nm) and 'nanotubes' (2-50nm).
• Clays, particularly plate-like laponites are considered suitable and organic materials such as nano-latexes are proposed.
• EP 1371718 discloses 1-10 nm polymeric nanoparticles as a fabric care additive. These can be organically modified with silicones.
• WO 02/18451 discloses the use of nanoparticles in a polymeric or nano-latex form.
• US 2635056 discloses treating textiles and fabrics with an aquasol of silica plus a polyhydic alcohol such as glycerol.
• the blends are termed alco-aquasols and provide exceptional slip resistance to textiles and surprisingly good handle and fabric feel attributed to the presence of glycerol.
• the silica to glycerol ratio used in the example is 1.4. It is stated that polyhydric alcohol level should not exceed twice that of silica.
• WO-2001/083875 discloses the application of silica and a softener with a cationic acrylic binder followed by application of a treatment solution containing arginine to nylon tights so as to provide skin care benefits when the tights are worn.
• EP-A-1024119 discloses textile articles made of SiO 2 -containing fibres and procedure for improving their thermal stability.
• JP 04255767 discloses coating compositions for textiles comprising a synthetic emulsion (acrylic), colloidal or microparticle metal oxide silica gel and a zeolite to provide textile coatings with good antibacterial, deodorising, drying and heat retention properties.
• NL 8900473 (Hesco Fashion Netherlands ) discloses the manufacture of viscose rayon-polyester coated with a mixture of a nonionic fatty acid condensates fabric softener and a blocking agent (blocking free movement of warp and weft - friction enhancer) acidic silica dispersion.
• the ratio of the softener to silica is 1:1 and the level applied 1% of silica and 1% of softener.
• compositions can also provide a softness benefit. This enables the formulation of a main-wash product which gives a so-called 'two-in-one' benefit and avoids the need for the use of a separate composition added in the rinse or used in after-wash treatment, such as during ironing.
• the composition avoids the use of reactive chemical species.
• the present invention provides an aqueous textile treatment liquor suitable for use in a domestic laundering process comprising:
• the particulate material associates with the yarn/fibres of the textile so as to stiffen the yarn/fibres and therefore resist wrinkling.
• the silicone blend lubricates the yarn/fibres to assist with recovery from creasing and wrinkling while also ensuring that there is an even feel to the whole of the textile.
• the particle/silicone blend also provides softness.
• this is a 'non-greasy' softness which does not have an 'oily' feel, and is described by panellists as a 'dry' softness.
• Detersive surfactants are present in the composition to assist in cleaning.
• the detersive surfactant will comprise anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants or a mixture thereof.
• the anti-wrinkling effect and the softening effect are, surprisingly, not negated by the presence of the surfactant.
• Builders may also be present, as may other components generally present in laundering compositions.
• a further aspect of the invention comprises a concentrate for dilution to form a liquor according to the present invention, said concentrate comprising more than 10%wt surfactant.
• This concentrate can be in solid or liquid form and is suitable for addition to water to form the liquor.
• a yet further aspect of the invention subsists in the use of the liquor according to the present invention in the washing step of a laundering process for garments.
• the method of the invention is applied to textiles comprising cellulosic fibres, more preferably to textiles which comprise at least a proportion of cotton fibres, for example, cotton per se or cotton blends (i.e. cotton/polyester blends).
• the detersive surfactant is :
• detersive surfactant The purpose of the detersive surfactant is to clean.
• detergent active compounds are available to the skilled worker and fully described in the literature, for example, in “ Surface-Active Agents and Detergents", Volumes I and II, by Schwartz, Perry and Berch (published by Wiley Interscience ).
• the preferred surfactants that can be used are the soaps and, more preferably the synthetic non-soap anionic and nonionic compounds that are known and used in the formulation of detergent compositions suitable for laundry use.
• Anionic surfactants are well-known to those skilled in the art. Examples include alkylbenzene sulphonates, particularly linear alkylbenzene sulphonates having an alkyl chain length of C 8 -C 15 ; primary and secondary alkylsulphates, particularly C 8 -C 15 primary alkyl sulphates; alkyl ether sulphates; olefin sulphonates; alkyl xylene sulphonates; dialkyl sulphosuccinates; and fatty acid ester sulphonates.
• Sodium salts are generally preferred.
• Nonionic surfactants that may be used include the primary and secondary alcohol ethoxylates, especially the C 8 -C 20 aliphatic alcohols ethoxylated with an average of from 1 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol, and more especially the C 10 -C 15 primary and secondary aliphatic alcohols ethoxylated with an average of from 1 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol.
• Non-ethoxylated nonionic surfactants include alkylpolyglycosides, glycerol monoethers, and polyhydroxyamides (glucamide).
• Cationic surfactants that may be used include quaternary ammonium salts of the general formula R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 N + X - wherein the R groups are independently hydrocarbyl chains of C 1 -C 22 length, typically alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or ethoxylated alkyl groups, and X is a solubilising cation (for example, compounds in which R 1 is a C 8 -C 22 alkyl group, preferably a C 8 -C 10 or C 12 -C 14 alkyl group, R 2 is a methyl group, and R 3 and R 4 , which may be the same or different, are methyl or hydroxyethyl groups); and cationic esters (for example, choline esters) and pyridinium salts.
• the present invention does not comprise a conditioner for use in the rinse, levels and types of the cationic as opposed to the other surfactants will be used which are detersive, i.e. adapted for cleaning, rather
• the total quantity of detergent surfactant in the concentrate is suitably from 10 to 60 wt% e.g. 10 to 55 wt%, such as 10 to 50wt%. Higher levels of surfactant are preferred for reasons of transport economy and to reduce the levels of packaging employed.
• the quantity of anionic surfactant (when present) is in the range of from 1 to 50% by weight of the total concentrate. More preferably, the quantity of anionic surfactant is in the range of from 3 to 35% by weight, e.g. 5 to 30% by weight.
• the quantity of nonionic surfactant when present is in the range of from 2 to 25% by weight, again expressed in terms of the concentrate, more preferably from 5 to 20% by weight.
• Amphoteric surfactants may also be used, for example amine oxides or betaines.
• the particulate material is :
• the particulate material acts, in part, to stiffen the fibres of the textile. Some evidence suggests that in the case of cotton this is accomplished by the adsorbtion to and coating of the cotton fibres. Depending on the size of the particulate material, some may also enter the pores of the cotton fibres. These pores are about 9 nm diameter. Therefore at the lower end of the particle size range (5nm) there will be some entry of particles into the pores. The fact that the particles are positively charged assists in the interaction of the particles with cotton, as cotton tends to carry a slight negative charge.
• Silicone blend droplets without particles are less substantive to the fibre, and during drying a coalescence of droplets may occur that results in poor distribution across the cloth, which gives a 'greasy', patch-wise softness.
• a particularly preferred particulate material (b) is a colloidal silica.
• Ludox SP532-10519, 50nm polydisperse cationic silica (ex Grace Davison) is a particularly suitable material.
• the aminosilicone-containing blend (c) is characterised by both its composition and its particle size range.
• the droplet size range of the aminosilicone-containing blend is preferably 5-15 microns. It is believe that this size range gives an excellent combination of deposition and dispersion on the substrate.
• Suitable amino-functional silicones for use in the blend are those having a mole percent amino functionality in the range 0.5-2.5, for example 'Dow Corning 2-8566' (DC8566), commercially available from Dow-Corning as a thermal protection agent for hair as well as DC Q2-8220 commercially available from Dow-Corning as a conditioning additive.
• DC8566 'Dow Corning 2-8566'
• the aminosilicone-containing blend comprises both silicone and amino silicone.
• the silicone is present in weight excess over the aminosilicone.
• the weight ratio of silicone to aminosilicone is in the range 20:1 to 3:1. At low relative levels of aminosilicone deposition of the silicone is poor and is not uniform. At low relative levels of silicone the feel becomes greasy and limp.
• Weight ratios of around 9:1, preferably 12:1 to 6:1 are most particularly preferred. This ratio provides an excellent combination of deposition and tactile feel.
• the silicone component of the silicone blend is viscous. More preferably the silicone should be significantly more viscous than the aminosilicone at a given shear rate and temperature. It is believed that this influences the visco-elastic properties of the fibres after treatment. However the silicone should not be so viscous as to be a rubber. Consequently it is preferable that the viscosity of the silicone is below 800,000 mPas.
• the viscosity of the silicone in the silicone blend is 100,000-600,000 mPas, at a temperature of 25C.
• Suitable materials include 'Dow Corning 200(R) 300,000 CST', commercially available from Dow Corning.
• the viscosity of the amino-silicone in the silicone blend is less than 5000 mPas, at a temperature of 25C.
• Suitable materials include DCQ8220, DC8566 ex Dow Corning, as discussed above.
• the emulsified aminosilicone-containing blend is preferably present in weight excess over the particles. If an insufficient proportion of the aminosilicone-containing blend is used, the textiles become stiff.
• the preferred weight ratio of particulate material (b) to the emulsified blend (c) is in the range 1:10-50. Ratios of around 1:30 are particularly preferred. It is believed that at effective levels the particles associate with the surface of the emulsified blend and form a mono-layer that assists in deposition of the emulsion and it's stability.
• compositions of the present invention are preferably prepared by separately preparing an emulsion of the silicone components, and then combining this with the particulate components. This pre-mix is then combined with the remaining components of the fully-formulated product.
• emulsifiers include nonionic surfactants, particularly ethoxylated alcohol nonionic surfactants.
• Suitable materials include 3%wt on emulsion of the non-ionic surfactants (Brij 30/35) and 3%wt on emulsion Pluronic 127.
• Fully formulated products according to the present invention can take the form of liquids and solids and the range of intermediate pastes and gels. These may be in unit dose format or dosed as required.
• the solids may be in the form of tablets or various shapes and sizes of particles down through pellets and granules to powders.
• the fully formulated products may be homogeneous in composition or the components may be segregated to prevent unwanted interactions on storage or use.
• a silicone blend emulsion was obtained from Dow Corning as a sample identified by the code number DC 18371-140.
• DC18371-140 is believed to be a blend of Linear PDMS of viscosity 200,000/300,000 mPaS (Dow Corning DC200(R) FLUID 300,000CST) and an aminosilicone (Dow Corning DCQ-8220) of viscosity 150 mPaS (25C) in a ratio of 9:1 w/w: stabilised with 3%wt non-ionic surfactant Brij 30/35 (ex ICI) plus 3%wt Pluronic 127 (ex BASF).
• the average droplet size was 10 ⁇ m and the viscosity of the blend was 240,000 mPaS at 25°.
• the silicone blend emulsion as described above was mixed with silica particles Ludox SP532-10519 (polydisperse cationic silica, size of particles - 50 nm ex Grace Davison). No special mixing conditions are needed other than stirring at room temperature (at high temperature silica could gel within the silicone blend).
• the ratios used are given in the examples below, and the typical batch size for experimental purposes was around 100 mL.
• the final surfactant dosage per wash was 1 g/l and the pH 8. If necessary pH was adjusted with Borax (STB).
• Example 1 - washing experiments (softness panel testing)
• Wrinkling properties of fabrics were assessed on woven cotton sheeting and poplin monitors using two techniques: Crease recovery angle (CRA) and Wrinkle recovery test (WRT).
• CRA Crease recovery angle
• WRT Wrinkle recovery test
• Woven cotton sheeting fabrics (fabric weight 2.7g) were washed according the protocol described in example 1.
• the silicone blend alone gave anti-creasing effect of less than 15%, i.e. a less than 15% increase in the CRA was obtained.
• silicone blend/silica (1:2 and 3:1) gave an improvement of 25% in the CRA as compared with the swatches treated with base only.
• WRT wrinkle recovery test
• This method was used to apply a known amount of chemical treatment to cloths.
• the general principle is that fabric is soaked in a solution of known composition then compressed between the rollers of the padder so that it retains double its original weight in solution - the so called "100% pick-up". It is therefore possible to calculate the amount of composition on the fabric given the strength of the starting solution.
• Dia-stron TM stress strain and stress relaxation tests were used to measure the effect of silica/silicone blend system on a single cotton fibre. Silica/silicone blend treatment showed a measurable stiffening effect on the fibre.
• Silicone blend/silica system shows low blood flow response to fabric-evoked abrasion, and no wheal/itch responses to histamine challenge.

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Citations (21)

• 2005
  • 2005-07-22 GB GBGB0515057.8A patent/GB0515057D0/en not_active Ceased
• 2006
  • 2006-06-30 EP EP06076329A patent/EP1746153B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
  • 2006-06-30 ES ES06076329T patent/ES2307260T3/es active Active
  • 2006-06-30 DE DE602006001081T patent/DE602006001081D1/de active Active
  • 2006-06-30 AT AT06076329T patent/ATE394469T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2006-07-17 ZA ZA2006/05879A patent/ZA200605879B/en unknown
  • 2006-07-20 BR BRPI0603150A patent/BRPI0603150B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation

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