EP1743344B1 - Nuklearisomere verwendendes fernkommunikationsverfahren und -gerät - Google Patents

Nuklearisomere verwendendes fernkommunikationsverfahren und -gerät Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1743344B1
EP1743344B1 EP05733600A EP05733600A EP1743344B1 EP 1743344 B1 EP1743344 B1 EP 1743344B1 EP 05733600 A EP05733600 A EP 05733600A EP 05733600 A EP05733600 A EP 05733600A EP 1743344 B1 EP1743344 B1 EP 1743344B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
samples
entangled
aforesaid
aforementioned
sample
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05733600A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1743344A2 (de
Inventor
Robert Desbrandes
Daniel Lee Van Gent
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
E-QUANTIC COMMUNICATIONS
Original Assignee
E-QUANTIC COMMUNICATIONS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by E-QUANTIC COMMUNICATIONS filed Critical E-QUANTIC COMMUNICATIONS
Publication of EP1743344A2 publication Critical patent/EP1743344A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1743344B1 publication Critical patent/EP1743344B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
    • G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
    • G21K5/00—Irradiation devices
    • G21K5/04—Irradiation devices with beam-forming means

Definitions

  • indium half life normal 115 m is 268 minutes.
  • the probability of de-excitation of one nucleus per minute is 0.00258 which represents a chance on 387 per minute.
  • indium 115 m normal the classically excited isomer is designated.
  • nuclide likely to have a metastable state. It can be excited by neutron irradiation or simply come from the disintegration of a heavier nucleus. The excitation of the isomeric nuclides can also take place by inverse isomeric transition due to irradiation of gamma rays of sufficient energy.
  • the invention exploits properties anticipated by Quantum Mechanics according to which two or more entangled particles retain a quantum bond when they are separated by any distance, a quantum bond which is instantaneous in the same repository.
  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for remote communication using isomeric nuclides.
  • the present invention consists in irradiating by the method described below and simultaneously, two or more samples of the same element and likely to have a metastable state.
  • this irradiation is caused by gamma rays emitted by the same nucleus and in cascade, the half-life varies with time instead of being constant.
  • a similar but even more important phenomenon is obtained with the gamma produced by Bremsstrahlung by particle accelerators. This phenomenon is attributed to the entanglement of irradiated metastable nuclei.
  • Two samples will first be considered: After irradiation; the two samples are then separated in space.
  • the irradiated sample (s) are the only ones that can instantly receive the signal (s) from one or more "master” samples regardless of the distances separating the samples.
  • Embodiments of the invention have been made with a source of cobalt 60, each core of which has the characteristic of cascading two gamma rays with the energy sufficient to excite indium 115.
  • Other embodiments of The invention was made by exciting indium 115 with gamma rays from a compact linear accelerator.
  • the gamma spectrum extends from 0 to 6 MeV, but is centered on 1.5 MeV, that is to say that, in majority, two, three or four gamma rays are emitted in cascade by the same electron, when the accelerator uses electrons.
  • some of the gamma, X or optical rays emitted are entangled.
  • the present invention makes use of entangled gamma rays to excite isomeric nuclei.
  • gamma rays originate, as indicated previously, from nuclear reactions such as the disintegration of cobalt 60 or the Bremsstrahlung phenomenon in particle accelerators.
  • the gamma activity is measured in particular for the energy of the isomeric transition on the slave sample.
  • a diagram of this implementation is illustrated on the figure 1 .
  • An enclosure (1) of 3 mm of copper, 15 cm of lead and 12 mm of steel contains the gamma counter (10) and the slave sample (8) which emits gamma (9) naturally.
  • the master sample (4) is irradiated by the iron source 55 (2) which emits gamma rays and X-rays (3).
  • the stimulation well known to those skilled in the art occurs and additional gamma rays (5) are emitted by the master sample (4).
  • the stimulation of the master sample causes an additional emission of the slave sample (8) although it is within its thick shielding and 12 m from the master sample.
  • the figure 2 is an example of measurements made on indium sheets with 99.999% purity, previously irradiated and simultaneously for 20 minutes with a compact linear accelerator.
  • the X and gamma ray source, iron 55 was placed for 5 minutes on the master sample, marked "YES” and then removed for 5 minutes, marked "NO” and so on.
  • the measures of the figure 2 represent the total count during the 5 minutes of irradiation of the master, the 5 minutes without irradiation and so on.
  • An important signal on the slave is obtained during the irradiation periods of the master, except the last period for which no signal has been obtained.
  • the same experiments made with the source of cobalt 60 give identical results but barely superior to the noise.
  • the present invention can be implemented with nuclides of different half-lives.
  • the half-lives of the metastable nuclides usable for this invention range from 1 microsecond to 50 years.
  • Table 1 gives a list of the main nuclides that have a metastable state. Their symbol, abundance, half-life in ordinary excitation and isomeric transition energy are mentioned. Excited samples can be transported over long distances and wait for long periods of time, if their half-life permits, being always liable to be de-excited.
  • Embodiments of the invention that are reported relate to a master and a slave, but a master may de-energize a plurality of slaves if a plurality of samples have been excited together. Similarly, a slave can receive a signal from any master. The action occurs regardless of the distance or materials that separate master and slave.
  • the method according to the invention consists in irradiating with gamma rays two or more samples of an element having a metastable state with a half-life of less than one second to several years.
  • the gamma rays used for the excitation of the samples must come either from a cascade decay in the case of a radioactive isotope, or from a Bremsstrahlung effect in which the same particle emits several gamma.
  • a cascade emission is provided by cobalt 60.
  • the emitted gamma rays must have sufficient energy to effect an inverse isomeric transition, ie to move the nucleus from its ground state to the metastable state.
  • the necessary energy of the excitation threshold is 1080 keV, a condition which is fulfilled by the two gamma rays of cobalt 60.
  • One of the gamma has an energy of 1173 keV with 99.90% chance to occur, and the other 1332 keV 99.98% chance to occur.
  • We have a cascade because the two gamma are emitted at 0.713 picosecond (10 -12 s) interval on average.
  • the gamma energy In the case of irradiation by the Bremsstrahlung gamma rays of a linear accelerator of particles, for example of electrons, the gamma energy must again be greater than the excitation threshold of the chosen element.
  • a compact linear accelerator can emit highly focused gamma radiation with a gamma energy spectrum of 0 to 6 MeV. If the energy of all the electrons before meeting the tungsten target is 6 MeV, each electron emits on average four gamma 1.5 MeV (1500 keV) in a very fast succession comparable to a waterfall.
  • the gamma cascade of the accelerator is, as experience shows, more efficient in performing the work described in this invention.
  • the samples to be irradiated are placed in pairs or more on a plate (11) which presents the groups of samples (12) in succession in front of a piston (16) which introduces them in front of a radioactive source (14) through the orifice (15) with the aid of the piston.
  • the source is placed in a thick shield of lead and steel (17).
  • An axle (18) connects the platform to a stepper motor (19) controlled by a timer (20).
  • the irradiation time is set for each group of samples by means of a timer (21) which actuates a pneumatic valve (22) to obtain the optimum activation response.
  • a timer (21) which actuates a pneumatic valve (22)
  • the groups of samples (23) are placed on a turntable (24).
  • This plate is supported by an axis (25) and connected to a stepping motor (26), itself controlled by a timer (27).
  • the groups of samples are presented one after the other in front of the X-ray beam of a compact linear accelerator (28) for example.
  • accelerators can not work continuously.
  • a number of irradiation time units, for example 5 minutes, will be applied to each sample to achieve optimum excitation using a timer (30).
  • an excitation of 20 minutes with a compact linear accelerator is sufficient to have a satisfactory signal-to-noise ratio.
  • An ordered set of independent pairs of samples can also be irradiated, as shown in FIG. figure 5 .
  • the pairs of samples are arranged on two disks, the master disk (31) and the slave disk (32), during irradiations.
  • the other elements of the figure 5 are identical to those of the figure 4 .
  • These disks can then be moved away at any distance and exploited by modulated de-excitation stimulation of each ordered sample of the master disk and the reception of this modulation by the corresponding sample of the slave disk, thus allowing the transmission of a complex message. .
  • the message can be transmitted simultaneously to several slave disks.
  • Media other than discs may be used.
  • the apparatuses described above are exemplary embodiments. Other means for presenting the samples to irradiation can be used without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the groups of master-slave samples to be irradiated are sheet or powder solids, liquids or gases (for example Xenon) which contain a proportion of one or more isotopes, for example mentioned in Table 1.
  • the samples may also be alloys, mixtures or chemical compounds incorporating a proportion of one or more isotopes of Table 1.
  • Samples of the same group may be of a different nature, for example one in powder and the other in sheet.
  • One or more of the samples of the same group can also be transformed physically or chemically after irradiation, the slave sample in the form of powder or gas can be incorporated in an injectable carrier molecule for example.
  • the isomer, a salt or a molecule containing the isomer may also be dissolved in the sample. A plurality of isomers can be employed in this solution.
  • the gamma measurements due to the isomeric transition of the slave during the stimulation of the master can be performed with conventional instruments of the skilled person.
  • a common instrument is the germanium crystal detector operating at low temperature.
  • the slave sample can be placed in a container with copper, lead and steel walls, located at a great distance from the master sample (12 m in implementation reported).
  • a multi-channel analyzer must be able to calibrate on the characteristic radiation of the chosen isomer. For example, in the case of 115 m indium gamma in the 336.2 keV line is counted. It is also possible that advances in the technique can measure the radiation of 336.2 keV without having a special container.
  • Temporal modulation of de-excitation stimulations can be used to send a message composed of "yes" and "no", ie 1 and 0 in binary language, on one or a plurality of samples.
  • Embodiments of the invention with more complex modulations such as amplitude or frequency modulation of the stimuli of De-excitation can also be used.
  • optimal radiation can be chosen to stimulate a particular isomer.
  • the master sample containing a mixture of isomers can be selectively excited.
  • Each isomer therefore represents in this case a particular "channel" of transmission.
  • Device 10 according to the device 9 characterized in that the samples of each group are arranged on a single support in the excitation apparatus, being subsequently separated and positioned in relation to each other in the modulated stimulation device or devices and in the detection apparatus or devices.
  • Device 11 according to the device 9 characterized in that the samples of each group are arranged on a plurality of supports in the excitation apparatus, the supports being subsequently separated and positioned in synchronous relation with each other in the apparatus or apparatus modulated stimulation and in the detection apparatus or devices.
  • Device 12 according to one of the devices 9, 10 or 11 characterized in that the groups of samples are arranged according to a defined scheduling allowing the transmission of complex messages.
  • This invention therefore solves a technical problem of information transmission, for the moment very summary, but nevertheless of great novelty.
  • Medical applications are also possible by remotely stimulating the product according to the invention, a slave sample of which has been disposed near or in the organ to be treated.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. System verschränkter Proben, die mindestens eine Art isomerer Nuklide enthalten, in dem mindestens einer dieser isomeren Nuklide angeregt ist mit mindestens einem metastabilen Zustand der sich durch Aussendung von Gammastrahlung entregt, dadurch gekennzeichnet von zwei oder mehreren Gruppen von Kernen des oder der sogenannten erregten isomeren Nukliden der sogenannten Proben, sind untereinander verschränkt und sind ganz oder zum Teil in diesen Proben verteilt, die nach einer Konvention "verschränkte" Proben genannt werden, diese sogenannten verschränkten Proben (4, 8) können im Raum getrennt werden (7) und weisen quantische Verbindungen auf zwischen einzelnen erregten Kernen der sogenannten erregten isomeren Nuklide enthalten in diesen getrennten Proben.
  2. System verschränkter Proben nach Anspruch 1, in dem die sogenannten verschränkten Proben die sogenannten erregten Kerne enthalten mit mindestens einer Sorte der sogenannten erregten isomeren Nuklide mit mindestens einem metastabilen Zustand einer Dauer der Halbwertszeit von einer Mikrosekunde bis zu 50 Jahren, z.B. Niob (93Nb41m), Cadmium (111Cd48m), Cadmium (113Cd48m), Cäsium (135Ce55m), Indium (115In49m), Zinn (117Sn50m), Zinn (119Sn50m), Tellur (125Te52m), Xenon (129Xe54m) Xenon (131Xe54m), Hafnium (178Hf72m), Hafnium (179Hf72m), Iridium (193Ir77m) oder Platin (195Pt78m), die sogenannten verschränkten Proben können über weite Entfernungen laufen und lange Zeit ausharren wenn ihre Halbwertszeit es erlaubt, immer empfänglich entregt zu werden.
  3. System verschränkter Proben nach Anspruch 1, in dem die sogenannten verschränkten Proben in irgendeiner physikalischen oder chemischen Form sind, z.B. feinschichtige oder pulverartige Festkörper, Flüssigkeiten oder Gase (z.B. im Fall des Xenon), die einen Anteil von mindestens einem der sogenannten erregten isomeren Nuklide enthalten, z.B. Niob (93Nb41m), Cadmium (111 Cd48m), Cadmium (113Cd48m), Cäsium (135Ce55m), Indium (115In49m), Zinn (117Sn50m), Zinn (119Sn50m), Tellur (125Te52m), Xenon (129Xe54m), Xenon (131Xe54m), Hafnium (178Hf72m), Hafnium (179Hf72m), Iridium (193Ir77m), Platin (195Pt78m) oder Legierungen, Mischungen oder chemische Verbindungen welche eine Proportion eines oder mehrere der genannten erregten isomeren Nuklide inkorporieren.
  4. System verschränkter Proben nach Anspruch 1, in dem mindestens eine der genannten verschränkten Proben von anderer physikalischer und / oder chemischer Form ist von den z. B. einer in Pulverform und der andere feinschichtig oder ein Festkörper, pulverförmig oder ein Gas und der andere inkorporiert in injektionsfähige Trägermoleküle z. B., oder in Salzen oder in Molekülen angesetzt als Lösungen.
  5. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Systems "verschränkter" Proben dadurch gekennzeichnet bei Durchführung der folgenden Schritte :
    (a) man bereitet man eine Reihe von Proben vor (23, Fig. 3 - 12), die Kerne von mindestens einer Art isomerer Nuklide enthalten mit mindestens einem metastabilen Zustand,
    (b) man leite eine Bestrahlung mit Gammastrahlen ein die zu mindestens teilweise verschränkt sind, die eine ausreichende Energie besitzen, um einige der genannten Kerne zu erregen dieser isomeren Nuklide in mindestens einen metastabilen Zustand, die sogenannten verschränkten GammaStrahlen bilden Gruppen die erzeugt werden, zum Beispiel sei durch eine Quelle der Gammastrahlung (14), kaskadenförmig ausgesandt oder von einem Gammastrahlengenerator (28) aus der Bremsstrahlung beschleunigter Teilchen, diese sogenannten Gruppen der Gammastrahlung, wenn sie verschränkt sind erregen die sogenannten Kerne der entsprechenden isomeren Nuklide verteilt in bestrahlten Proben zusammen produziert und bilden die "verschränkten" Proben (23, Fig. 3 - 12) des sogenannten Systems "verschränkter" Proben.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, in dem die Proben auf mindestens zwei Trägern disponiert sind z.B. Platten (31, 32), in den Geräten zur Erregung, die die genannte Bestrahlung erzeugen, mindestens zwei dieser Träger danach getrennt werden.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, in dem die Proben auf einen einzigen Träger in die Geräte zur Erregung, die die Bestrahlung erzeugen disponiert sind, Träger der danach in zwei Träger getrennt werde.
  8. Nutzung des Systems "verschränkter" Proben nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, in dem man die folgenden Schritte zur Fernsteuerung der Deexcitation befolgt, indem man die sogenannten verschränkten Proben verwendet (4, 8) :
    (a) man trennt im Raum alle oder einen Teil der verschränkten Proben des Systems verschränkter Proben,
    (b) man nutzt die quantischen Verbindungen zwischen den erregten Kernen der sogenannten "verschränkten" Proben, unabhängig von Entfernungen (7), der Umwelt die sie trennt, und die Umwelt in der diese sogenannten "verschränkten" Proben platziert sind,
    (i) indem man mindestens eine modulierte Stimulation der Deexcitation hervorruft durch Bestrahlung von Röntgen- oder Gammastrahlen (3), beispielsweise erhalten durch die Verwendung einer Quelle von Eisen-55 (2) mit mindestens einer dieser "verschränkten" Proben genannt "Masterprobe" (4), die sogenannte modulierte Stimulation ist induziert mittels der sogenannten quantischen Verbindungen, eine Deexcitation auf Distanz von einer oder mehreren der anderen "verschränkten" Proben genannt "Sklavenproben" (8), die oben genannte modulierte Stimulation angewendet an der besagten "Masterprobe" kennzeichnet mindestens eine übermittelbare Information oder einen übermittelbaren Antrieb ;
    (ii) und, oder deutlicher, mindestens eine Erkennung von Informationen, mindestens eine Erkennung der Fernbedienung, mittels mindestens einer Messung durch einen Detektor der Gammastrahlung (10) von mindestens einer zusätzlichen modulierten Deexcitation (9) auf mindestens einem charakteristischen Streifen von mindestens einem obengenannte isomeren Nuklid enthalten in mindestens einer obengenannten "Sklavenprobe" (8), oder durch Gebrauch der Gammastrahlung aus der zusätzlichen modulierten Deexcitation von mindestens einem obengenannten isomeren Nuklid enthalten in mindestens einer obengenannten "Sklavenprobe".
  9. Verwendung nach Anspruch 8, in dem man die sogenannten "verschränkten" Proben verwendet, die die sogenannten erregten Kerne enthalten von mindestens zwei dieser isomeren Nuklide, deren Gammaerwiderungen gleichzeitig gemessen werden auf mindestens einer "Sklavenprobe".
  10. Verwendung nach Anspruch 8, bei dem man die sogenannten "verschränkten" Proben verwendet, die die sogenannten erregten Kerne enthalten von mindestens einem dieser isomeren Nuklide, deren Gammaerwiderungen aus einer Vielzahl von Streifen besteht, davon mit mindestens zwei Streifen gleichzeitig gemessen werden des Signal-Rausch-Verhältnis zur Verbesserung auf dieser oder diesen "Sklavenproben".
  11. Verwendung nach Anspruch 8, bei dem die genannte modulierte Stimulation im Umfang angewandt wird auf mindestens einer dieser "Masterproben".
  12. Verwendung nach Anspruch 8, in der die genannten modulierte Stimulation in der Zeit angewandt wird auf mindestens einer dieser "Masterproben".
  13. Verwendung nach Anspruch 8, in dem mindestens zwei Träger, z.B. Platten, eine Vielzahl von "verschränkten" Proben enthalten die in Verbindung untereinander angeordnet wurden auf mindestens zwei Trägern, die Nachfolgend laut Vereinbarung "verschränkte" Träger genannt werden z. B. indem man eine "verschränkte" Probe der Gesamtheit oder eines Teils des Systems "verschränkter" Proben auf jeden dieser Träger nach einer definierten Anordnung positioniert, diese Träger sind in Verbindung untereinander positioniert, beispielsweise Synchron, so dass mindestens ein Gerät die Erkennung von Gammastrahlung aufführt von mindestens einer zusätzlichen modulierten Deexcitation auf mindestens einer "verschränkte" Probe, genannt die "Sklavenprobe", die sich auf mindestens einem des oben genannten Träger, den "Sklaventräger" befindet, wenn mindestens ein Gerät die modulierte Stimulation der Deexcitation auf mindestens einer "verschränkten" Probe, genannt die "Masterprobe", gehörend zum gleichen System "verschränkter" Proben sich befindend auf mindestens einem der anderen oben genannten Träger, genannt der "Masterträger";
  14. Verwendung nach Anspruch 8, bei dem eine Vielzahl des Systems "verschränkter" Proben nach einer definierten Anweisung angeordnet sind, welche die Übermittlung und den Empfang von komplexen Nachrichten erlauben.
  15. Verwendung nach Anspruch 8, um auf Entfernung Informationen zu übermitteln.
  16. Verwendung des Systems "verschränkter" Proben nach Anspruch 1 gekennzeichnet in dem man die folgenden Schritte durchführt zur Fernsteuerung einer Deexcitation unter Verwendung der sogenannten "verschränkten" Proben (4, 8):
    (a) man trennt im Raum alle oder einen Teil der genannten "verschränken" Proben des Systems "verschränkter" Proben,
    (b) man nutzt die quantischen Verbindungen zwischen den erregten Kernen, einiger dieser "verschränkten" Proben, unabhängig von Entfernungen (7), des Umfeldes das sie trennt und des Umfeldes in denen diese "verschränkten" Proben platziert sind :
    (i) indem man zumindest eine modulierte Stimulation der Deexcitation hervorruft, durch Bestrahlung mit Röntgen-X oder Gammastrahlen (3), beispielsweise durch die Verwendung einer Eisen-55 Quelle (2) von mindestens einer dieser "verschränkten" Proben, genannt "Masterprobe" (4), diese modulierte Stimulation induziert mittels der sogenannten quantischen Verbindungen eine Deexcitation auf Entfernung von einem oder mehreren der anderen "verschränkten" Proben, genannt "Sklavenproben" (8),
    (ii) und in dem man mindestens eine obengenannte "Sklavenprobe", als Produkt dessen Bestrahlung fernbedient ist von der sogenannten "Masterprobe" zur Bestrahlung des Umfeldes der "Sklavenprobe" mit Ausnahme des Körpers von Mensch oder Tier.
EP05733600A 2004-04-13 2005-03-28 Nuklearisomere verwendendes fernkommunikationsverfahren und -gerät Not-in-force EP1743344B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0403904A FR2868868A1 (fr) 2004-04-13 2004-04-13 Procede et appareillage pour communiquer a distance en utilisant des nucleides isomeres
PCT/EP2005/051405 WO2005112041A2 (fr) 2004-04-13 2005-03-28 Procede et appareillage pour communiquer a distance en utilisant des nucleides isomeres

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1743344A2 EP1743344A2 (de) 2007-01-17
EP1743344B1 true EP1743344B1 (de) 2009-12-23

Family

ID=34947607

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05733600A Not-in-force EP1743344B1 (de) 2004-04-13 2005-03-28 Nuklearisomere verwendendes fernkommunikationsverfahren und -gerät

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20080317207A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1743344B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE453197T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602005018472D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2868868A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2005112041A2 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK1779561T3 (da) * 2004-05-26 2012-10-22 Saquant Fremgangsmåde og anordning til fjernformidling ved anvendelse af fotoluminescens eller termoluminescens
FR2913834B1 (fr) * 2007-03-12 2014-04-04 Quantic Comm E Produit,procede et appareillage pour communiquer a distance en utilisant des materiaux chromogeniques

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1457434A (fr) * 1965-07-30 1966-01-24 Commissariat Energie Atomique Dispositif d'irradiation
SU1137901A1 (ru) * 1983-06-07 1985-08-15 Предприятие П/Я В-8851 Способ определени энергии и интенсивности пучка частиц при активационных измерени х
DE4315002C1 (de) * 1993-05-06 1994-08-18 Kernforschungsz Karlsruhe Gefäßimplantat
US5855546A (en) * 1996-02-29 1999-01-05 Sci-Med Life Systems Perfusion balloon and radioactive wire delivery system
US5782742A (en) * 1997-01-31 1998-07-21 Cardiovascular Dynamics, Inc. Radiation delivery balloon
US5802439A (en) * 1997-02-19 1998-09-01 Lockheed Martin Idaho Technologies Company Method for the production of 99m Tc compositions from 99 Mo-containing materials
US6019718A (en) * 1997-05-30 2000-02-01 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Apparatus for intravascular radioactive treatment
US6553355B1 (en) * 1998-05-29 2003-04-22 Indranet Technologies Limited Autopoietic network system endowed with distributed artificial intelligence for the supply of high volume high-speed multimedia telesthesia telemetry, telekinesis, telepresence, telemanagement, telecommunications, and data processing services
FR2868869B1 (fr) * 2004-04-13 2013-08-30 Robert Desbrandes Procede et appareillage pour modifier la probabilite de desexcitation des nucleides isomeres

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE602005018472D1 (de) 2010-02-04
WO2005112041B1 (fr) 2006-06-01
EP1743344A2 (de) 2007-01-17
FR2868868A1 (fr) 2005-10-14
US20080317207A1 (en) 2008-12-25
WO2005112041A2 (fr) 2005-11-24
WO2005112041A3 (fr) 2006-01-05
ATE453197T1 (de) 2010-01-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Jin et al. A kilonova associated with GRB 070809
Gupta et al. Detection of a quasi-periodic oscillation in γ-ray light curve of the high-redshift blazar B2 1520+ 31
Gao et al. Constraints on binary neutron star merger product from short GRB observations
Mészáros Gamma-ray bursts: accumulating afterglow implications, progenitor clues, and prospects
Ahmed Physics and engineering of radiation detection
Cordova et al. X-ray observations of a large sample of cataclysmic variable stars using the Einstein Observatory
Wei et al. The deep and transient universe in the SVOM era: new challenges and opportunities-scientific prospects of the SVOM mission
Enoto et al. Suzaku Discovery of a Hard X-Ray Tail in the Persistent Spectra from the Magnetar 1E 1547.0 5408 during its 2009 Activity
Paudel et al. K 2 Ultracool Dwarfs Survey–V. High superflare rates on rapidly rotating late-M dwarfs
Gridin et al. Kinetic model of energy relaxation in CsI: A (A= Tl and In) scintillators
Hermes et al. Insights into internal effects of common-envelope evolution using the extended Kepler mission
Oruru et al. X-ray characteristics and the spectral energy distribution of AE Aquarii
Foschini et al. Does the gamma-ray flux of the blazar 3C 454.3 vary on subhour time-scales?
Shah et al. Study on temporal and spectral behaviour of 3C 279 during 2018 January flare
Orienti et al. Exploring the multiband emission of TXS 0536+ 145: the most distant γ-ray flaring blazar
Sahakyan et al. High energy gamma-ray emission from PKS 1441+ 25
EP1743344B1 (de) Nuklearisomere verwendendes fernkommunikationsverfahren und -gerät
Rowlinson et al. A deceleration search for magnetar pulsations in the X-ray plateaus of short GRBs
EP1779561B1 (de) Verfahren und einrichtung zur fernkommunikation durch verwendung von photolumineszenz oder thermolumineszenz
Larsson et al. FBQS J1644+ 2619: multiwavelength properties and its place in the class of γ-ray emitting Narrow Line Seyfert 1s
Starling et al. Swift captures the spectrally evolving prompt emission of GRB 070616
Melandri et al. Evidence for energy injection and a fine-tuned central engine at optical wavelengths in GRB 070419A
Hurkett et al. GRB 050505: a high-redshift burst discovered by Swift
Burlon et al. Gamma-ray bursts from massive Population-III stars: clues from the radio band
WO2005109985A2 (fr) Procede et appareillage pour modifier la probabilite de desexcitation des nucleides isomeres.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20061113

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20071008

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 602005018472

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20100204

Kind code of ref document: P

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: T3

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20091223

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20091223

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20091223

LTIE Lt: invalidation of european patent or patent extension

Effective date: 20091223

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20091223

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20091223

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20091223

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100403

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100423

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20091223

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100423

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20091223

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100323

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20091223

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20091223

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100324

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100331

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20091223

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20100924

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20091223

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100624

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20091223

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20140310

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: IE

Payment date: 20140307

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 20140311

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20140310

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20140310

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20140331

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20140709

Year of fee payment: 10

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 746

Effective date: 20150217

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 602005018472

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150328

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20150401

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150328

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20151001

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150331

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150328

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150331

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 12

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20170124

Year of fee payment: 13

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150401

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180331

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20200329

Year of fee payment: 16

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20210328

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210328