EP1741351B1

EP1741351B1 - A method for batch handling and transfer of tobacco products

Info

Publication number: EP1741351B1
Application number: EP06116470A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Luca Borderi; Mauro Pieragostini; Valerio Soli
Original assignee: GD SpA
Current assignee: GD SpA
Priority date: 2005-07-04
Filing date: 2006-06-30
Publication date: 2009-08-05
Anticipated expiration: 2026-06-30
Also published as: US20070000209A1; ITBO20050449A1; CN100584230C; JP2007014337A; CN1891089A; EP1741351A1; DE602006008225D1

Description

The present invention relates to a method for the handling and transfer of tobacco products in batches.
The invention finds application to advantage in complete lines for manufacturing tobacco products, cigarettes in particular, and is utilized for the purpose of feeding such products from a maker to a wrapping machine, or packer.
Conventionally, cigarettes are fed to the packer adopting two distinct methods. The first consists in connecting the cigarette maker directly to a hopper of the packer by way of a conveyor, along which the cigarettes are directed en masse. Using the second method, cigarettes emerging from the maker are ordered in containers, known as trays, which are stored in readiness and then emptied at the hopper of the packer when required.
An example of such method can be seen in document US 5 123 798 .
The trays must be filled, transferred and stored at a relatively fast rate, in order to keep up with the production tempo of the cigarette maker, and at the same time exercising particular care, in order to ensure that the cigarettes will not be disturbed from their orderly arrangement and suffer damage in the process.
The object of the present invention is to provide a method for batch handling and transfer of tobacco products in accordance with the second method aforementioned, by which the trays and the products contained in them can be processed with extreme care and at high speed.
In particular, the object of the invention is to devise a method for batch handling and transfer of tobacco products that will be compatible with high speed operation and allow the management of a considerable quantity of cigarettes for loading into containers.
A further object of the invention is to provide a method allowing surplus tobacco products to be stored temporarily when the demand at the packer falls below the output from the cigarette maker, and thereafter supplied to the packer when demand at the packer exceeds the output of the cigarette maker.
The stated objects are realized in a method for batch handling and transfer of tobacco products, of which the features are recited in one or more of claims 1 to 3 appended.
The invention will now be described in detail, by way of example, with the aid of the accompanying drawings, in which:

figure 1 is an overall front perspective view of equipment for carrying out the method of the present invention;
figure 2 is an enlarged view showing a first element of the equipment in figure 1;
figure 3 is a rear perspective view of the equipment illustrated in figure 1;
figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 illustrate a portion of the equipment of figure 1, seen in respective operating positions assumed sequentially during the step of emptying a container;
figure 8 is an enlarged view showing a second element of the equipment in figure 1;
figures 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 illustrate the equipment of figure 1, seen in respective operating positions assumed sequentially during the steps of filling and storing a container;
figure 15 illustrates the element of figure 8 in an alternative embodiment;
figure 16 illustrates the element of figure 15 with certain parts omitted better to reveal others;
figures 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22 illustrate the element of figure 15 in respective operating positions assumed sequentially during the steps of filling and storing a container.

Referring to figures 1, 2 and 3, the invention relates to equipment denoted 1 in its entirety, by which tobacco products 2, cigarettes in particular, are handled in batch mode using containers 3 known as trays, or feedboxes, and transferred thus from a cigarette maker 4 to a cigarette packer 5. Both machines 4 and 5 are of familiar type and therefore illustrated only in schematic outline.
The equipment 1 comprises a main conveyor 6 by which cigarettes 2 are directed from the cigarette maker 4 toward the packer 5; the conveyor 6 operates in conjunction with a unit 7 for managing the movement of the containers 3, each of which is able to hold a plurality of cigarettes 2 arranged in ordered alignment.
Each container 3 presents a rectangular bottom 8, of which the shorter side is matched substantially to the length of a single cigarette 2 and the longer side compasses several tens of cigarettes 2 disposed side by side, also a main wall 9, likewise rectangular, set at right angles to the bottom 8 and joined along one longer side to a corresponding longer side of the bottom 8. The cigarettes 2 lie with one end offered in contact to the main wall 9, which presents a shorter side compassing several tens of cigarettes 2 disposed side by side; thus, the container 3 will accommodate several thousand cigarettes, ordered quincuncially. The container 3 also presents two mutually opposed and parallel side walls 10 perpendicular to the bottom 8 and to the main wall 9, combining to delimit an opening 11 on the side opposite from the bottom 8, through which the container 3 can be filled and emptied, and an auxiliary opening 12 on the side opposite from the main wall 9.
The main conveyor 6 presents a filler opening 13 communicating with a main loading hopper 14, placed beneath the selfsame opening 13, from which empty containers 3 are filled.
In the preferred embodiment illustrated, the main conveyor 6 comprises a first transport belt 15 looped around pulleys 16, extending between the cigarette maker 4 and the hopper 14 and presenting a top branch 17 on which cigarettes 2 emerging from the maker 4 are carried, lying side by side. A second transport belt 18, looped over relative pulleys 19 and aligned in the same plane as that occupied by the first belt 15, extends between the hopper 14 and the cigarette packer 5 and presents a top branch 20 carrying cigarettes 2 about to enter the packer 5. The first and second belts 15 and 18 present respective ends 21 and 22 positioned facing one another and combining to delimit the opening 13 aforementioned.
The hopper 14 comprises a back wall 23a, also two side walls 23b extending downward divergently from the ends 21 and 22 of the belts 15 and 18 to a distance marginally less than the width of one container 3, and thereafter descending parallel. Each side wall 23b is also of width approximately equal to the length of one cigarette 2, so that the hopper 14 presents a bottom discharge opening 24 substantially identical in terms of outline and dimensions to the bottom 8 of a single container 3; the opening 24 is closed by a movable shutter 24a.
The container management unit 7 comprises a device 25 by which empty containers 3 are fed to and filled at the loading hopper 14, and by which filled containers 3 are distanced from the hopper, also a device 26 by which cigarettes 2 are unloaded from the full containers 3 onto the main conveyor 6 at a point downstream of the filler opening 13.
In detail, the feeding, filling and distancing device 25 serves to bring empty containers 3 stored in a first magazine 27 to the loading hopper 14, where they will be filled. This first magazine 27 consists in a first belt conveyor looped over respective pulleys 28 and extending transversely to the main conveyor 6. The first belt conveyor 27 terminates at one end 29 adjacent to the loading hopper 14, alongside the bottom opening 24, and is of width less than that of the single container 3. The empty containers 3 are positioned each with the bottom 8 resting on a top branch 30 of the belt conveyor 27, projecting beyond the longitudinal edges of the belt on either side, and with the auxiliary opening 12 facing toward the hopper 14. The first conveyor 27 is capable of movement in two opposing directions so as to carry the containers 3 toward or away from the hopper 14.
The device 25 in question also comprises a second magazine 31 in which containers 3 are placed and stored after being filled at the loading hopper 14. The second magazine 31 consists in a second belt conveyor looped over respective pulleys 32 (one of which shown in figure 3), extending parallel with and alongside the first belt conveyor 27 and with one end 33 lying near the corresponding end 29 of the first belt conveyor 27. The second conveyor 31 is capable of movement likewise in two opposing directions and presents a top branch 34 on which the containers 3 are carried, each resting on the bottom 8 with the auxiliary opening 12 facing away from the end 33 of the belt located near the main conveyor 6 (figures 1 and 3).
Finally, the feeding, filling and distancing device 25 comprises a rotary carrier assembly 35 installed at the ends 29 and 33 of the first and second belt conveyors 27 and 31, by which single containers 3 filled at the loading hopper 14 are transferred to the second belt conveyor 31.
With reference in particular to figures 1 and 8, the rotary carrier assembly 35 lies beneath the aforementioned ends 29 and 33 of the first and second belt conveyors 27 and 31 and comprises a frame 36, mounted on a platform 36a and rotatable about a vertical axis 37 located virtually between these same two conveyors. The frame 36 presents an elongated appearance and is equipped at one end 38, the end remote from the fulcrum established by the vertical axis 37, with a first vertical track 39 engaged slidably by a cantilevered first horizontal carrier plate 40 serving to support a respective container 3.
The frame 36 is equipped similarly at a second end 41 with a second vertical track 42 rotatable, relative to the frame, about the vertical axis 37. A second cantilevered horizontal carrier plate 43 is associated slidably with the second track 42. Both plates 40 and 43 can be made thus to rotate independently about the axis 37 and to traverse vertically on the relative tracks 39 and 42 through the agency of suitable motors (not illustrated).
In particular, each carrier plate 40 and 43 is capable of movement between a first position, lying beneath the end 29 of the first belt conveyor 27 (plate 40 on the right in figure 9), a second position, associated with the bottom opening 24 of the hopper 14 (plate 40 on the right in figure 10), a third position, lying beneath and distanced from the hopper 14 (plate 40 on the right in figure 12), a fourth position, lying beneath and distanced from the end 33 of the second conveyor 31 (plate 40 on the left in figure 14), a fifth position, lying alongside the end 33 of the second conveyor 31 (plate 43 on the left in figure 12), and a sixth position, lying beneath the end 33 of the second conveyor 31 (plate 43 on the left in figure 13).
In addition, each horizontal carrier plate 40 and 43 presents gripping means 44 able to lay hold on one of the containers 3 occupying the end 29 of the first belt conveyor 27, when the plate 40 or 43 is in the first position, and place the container 3 on the end 33 of the second belt conveyor 31, when between the fifth and the sixth position.
Looking more closely at the constructional detail of the example illustrated (figure 8), the single plate 40 and 43 is joined rigidly to a linear guide member 45 cantilevered in part from the plate 40 and 43 and extending in a horizontal direction Z perpendicular to the longitudinal dimension of the selfsame plate. The linear member 45 slides in a shoe 46, which is mounted in turn to a carriage 47 capable of movement along the respective vertical track 39 and 42, consisting in this instance of two rails. The gripping means 44 comprises a gripper composed of two jaws 48 positioned at opposite ends of the carrier plate 40 and 43, each pivotable on a hinge pin 48a disposed parallel to the linear guide member 45 between an open position and a closed position. The single plate 40 and 43 also presents a pair of spacers 49, each mounted adjacent to a relative jaw 48, which are set apart at a distance greater than the width of the belt conveyors 27 and 31 so that the container 3 can be supported and held clear of a top surface 50 presented by the relative plate 40 and 43, in accordance with the method of operation described in due course.
Figures 15 to 22 show an alternative embodiment of the rotary carrier assembly 35, which is again positioned below the aforementioned ends 29 and 33 of the first and second belt conveyors 27 and 31.
In this instance, the rotary carrier assembly 35 comprises a first cross member 101 mounted on a platform 102 and able to rotate about a vertical axis 103 located substantially between the first and second belt conveyors 27 and 31.
The carrier assembly 35 also comprises a second cross member 104 positioned below the hopper 14 and slidable on a first track 105, along a vertical axis 105a parallel to the vertical pivot axis 103 of the rotatable first cross member 101.
The second cross member 104 is capable thus of movement between an elevated position and a lowered position, in such a way that an empty container 3 can be filled from the hopper 14 during the downward movement.
Accordingly, the second cross member 104 serves to pick up an empty container 3 from the first belt conveyor 27 and, in the elevated position, place it beneath the hopper 14 so that it can be filled with cigarettes 2.
With the second cross member 104 in the lowered position, the filled container 3 is released to the rotatable first cross member 101 and transferred by this same member to a position of alignment with the second belt conveyor 31.
As illustrated in figure 16, the assembly 35 further comprises a pivoting plate 106 mounted to the platform 102 and centred on a vertical fulcrum axis 107 passing through the hopper 14.
The pivoting plate 106 presents a first end 106a coupled hingedly to a connecting rod 108 driven by an electric motor 109 and a relative crank 110. The plate 106 is thus caused by the motor 109 to pivot to and fro on its fulcrum.
Also coupled to this same first end 106a is a further rod 111 serving to connect the plate 106 to the vertical first track 105. The first track 105 is mounted slidably on ways 112 anchored rigidly to the platform 102, and translatable thus in a direction parallel to the transport direction of the first belt conveyor 27.
With this arrangement, the alternating motion of the pivoting plate 106 causes the first track 105 to travel along the aforementioned ways 112.
Accordingly, the second cross member 104 is also rendered capable of movement along a direction parallel to the transport direction of the first belt conveyor 27, thereby ensuring that the empty container 3 taken up by the second cross member 104 at the end 29 of the first belt conveyor 27 can be traversed toward and positioned under the hopper 14 in readiness to be filled.
The rotary carrier assembly 35 further comprises a third cross member 113 slidable on a second vertical track 114 along a axis 115 parallel to the axis 103 of rotation of the first cross member 101. The third cross member 113 is mounted to the platform 102 and capable of movement beneath the second belt conveyor 31, between a lowered position and an elevated position, in such a way that a full container 3 can be taken up from the rotatable first cross member 101 and released onto the end 33 of the second belt conveyor 31.
The second vertical track 114 is also traversable along a direction parallel to the transport direction of the second belt conveyor 31, so that when the third cross member 113 is brought into alignment with the end 33 of the second belt conveyor 31, it can move toward the conveyor 31 and release the full container 3 directly onto the top branch 34 of the relative belt. The translational movement of the second track 114 in a direction parallel to the transport direction of the second belt conveyor 31 is induced by a motor 109a and occurs along ways 116 at the base of the selfsame track 114.
The rotary carrier assembly 35 further comprises a fourth cross member 117 which, like the second, is positioned under the hopper 14 and slidable on a third track 118 along a vertical axis 119 parallel to the axis 103 of rotation of the first cross member 101.
The fourth cross member 117 is substantially identical to the second cross member 104 and capable of movement between an elevated position and a lowered position, in such a way that an empty container 3 can be filled from the hopper 14 during the downward movement.
The fourth cross member 117 is able to pick up an empty container 3 from the first belt conveyor 27 and, in the elevated position, place it beneath the loading hopper 14 in readiness to be filled with cigarettes 2.
With the fourth cross member 117 in the lowered position, the filled container 3 is released to the rotatable first cross member 101 and transferred by this same member to a position of alignment with the second belt conveyor 31.
To avoid any interference between the movements of the second and fourth cross members 104 and 117, the two operate in mutually opposite phase.
Thus, when the second cross member 104 occupies the elevated position, the fourth cross member 117 will occupy the lowered position, and vice versa.
Similarly, the movements of the second and fourth cross members 104 and 117 in a direction concurrent with the transport direction of the first belt conveyor 27 are phased oppositely one to another, so that the two cross members 104 and 117 always operate in mutually parallel planes but never in a common plane.
With this purpose in view, a second end 106b of the pivoting plate 106, or rather the end on the side of the fulcrum axis 107 remote from the first end 106a, carries a connecting rod 120 coupled to the third track 118. In like manner to the first track 105, the third track 118 is mounted slidably on ways 121 anchored rigidly to the platform 102, and translatable in a direction parallel to the transport direction of the first belt conveyor 27.
The alternating motion of the pivoting plate 106 thus causes the third track 118 to travel along the ways 121, its movement phased oppositely to and induced in the same direction as that of the first track 105, so that the second and fourth cross members 104 and 117 will always operate in mutually parallel planes distanced one from another.
The carrier assembly 35 is equipped with gripping means 122 installed on each of cross member 101, 104, 113 and 117, serving to lay hold on and retain a single container 3 stably during the handling steps.
Observing figures 1 to 7, the unloading device 26 will be seen to comprise an auxiliary conveyor 51 that presents a bearing surface 51a capable of translational movement along a predetermined feed direction X, with a discharge end 52 lying above the main conveyor 6. The unloading device 26 also comprises a first manipulator 53a operating above the feeding, filling and distancing device 25, such as will overturn and position full containers 3 above the bearing surface 51a of the auxiliary conveyor 51 with the opening 11 directed toward the selfsame conveyor 51, and a second manipulator 53b by which emptied containers 3 are distanced from the auxiliary conveyor 51.
In the preferred embodiment illustrated, the auxiliary conveyor 51 consists in a belt 54 looped around two pulleys 55, extending parallel with and above the main conveyor 6 and straddling the filler opening 13. A top branch 56 of the auxiliary conveyor 51 provides the aforementioned bearing surface 51a and is set motion continuously along the same direction as the main conveyor 6, so that the cigarettes 2 are caused to drop onto the top branch 20 of the second transport belt 18.
As illustrated to advantage in figure 3, the first manipulator 53a comprises a first arm 57 installed above the second belt conveyor 31 and serving to transfer each container 3 filled with cigarettes 2 from this same conveyor 31, that is, from the second magazine storing full containers, to a position above the auxiliary conveyor 51.
The first arm 57 presents a first end 58 hinged about a horizontal axis 59 extending parallel to the feed direction X of the bearing surface 51a and that of the main conveyor 6, and a second end 60 equipped with a gripper 61 designed to engage the side walls 10 of a single container 3.
Thus, the first arm 57 is capable of movement between a position allowing a container 3 to be picked up, in which the gripper 61 lies above the second belt conveyor 31 (figure 5), and a position allowing cigarettes 2 to be unloaded, in which the gripper 61 lies above the auxiliary conveyor 51 (figures 1, 2 and 7).
In greater detail, the first arm 57 incorporates two plates 62 of "S" outline, parallel with and distanced from one another, set at right angles to the horizontal axis 59 and presenting first ends 58 hinged along this same axis 59 to a mounting 63 stationed above the second belt conveyor 31 and forming part of a frame 64 associated with the equipment 1, illustrated only in part.
Two jaws 65 forming part of the gripper 61 extend from respective second ends 60 of the plates 62 and are capable of movement along a direction parallel to the horizontal axis 59 toward and away from one another so as to grip or release a container 3.
Also attached to the first arm 57 is a closure wall 66 capable of movement between an extended position (figures 1, 3, 5, 6 and 7) of alignment with the gripper 61, in which the opening 11 of the container 3 held between the jaws 65 is closed off, and a retracted position (figure 4) set back from the gripper 61, in which the opening 11 of the container 3 is left unobstructed.
In the position where a container 3 is picked up (figure 5), the first arm 57 extends cantilevered from the mounting 63 and away from the auxiliary conveyor 51, whereas in the unloading position (figures 1 and 3) the arm 57 extends toward the auxiliary conveyor 51.
The second manipulator 53b comprises a pivoting second arm 67 installed above the first belt conveyor 27 and serving to transfer the single containers 3, when empty, from the auxiliary conveyor 51 to the aforementioned conveyor 27, that is to say the magazine storing empty containers.
The second arm 67 presents a first end 68 hinged about a horizontal axis 69 extending parallel to the feed direction X of the bearing surface 51a and that of the main conveyor 6, and a second end 70 equipped with a respective gripper 71 designed to engage the side walls 10 of a single container 3; the gripper 71 is also rotatable relative to the second arm 67 about a further axis 72 perpendicular to the horizontal axis 69.
Thus, the second arm 67 is capable of movement between a position allowing a container 3 to be picked up, in which the gripper 71 lies above the auxiliary conveyor 51 (figures 1, 3 and 7), and a position allowing the container 3 to be unloaded onto the magazine 27, in which the gripper 71 lies above the first belt conveyor 27 (figure 5), rotated through 180° about its axis 72 from the pick-up position.
In greater detail, the second arm 67 incorporates two plates 73 of "L" outline, parallel with and distanced from one another, set at right angles to the horizontal axis 69 and presenting first ends 68 hinged along this same axis 69 to a mounting 74 stationed above the first belt conveyor 27 and forming part of the frame 64 aforementioned.
A shaft 75 mounted rotatably at a point between the two plates 73 is aligned on the aforementioned axis 72 perpendicular to the horizontal axis 69 and carries two jaws 76 belonging to the gripper 71 of the second arm 67. The jaws 76 are capable of motion along a direction parallel to the horizontal axis 69 toward and away from one another so as to grip or release a container 3.
In the position where a container 3 is picked up (figures 1, 3 and 7), the second arm 67 extends toward the auxiliary conveyor 51, whereas in the unloading position (figure 5) the arm 67 extends cantilevered from the mounting 74 in the opposite direction, away from the auxiliary conveyor 51, with the gripper shaft 75 perpendicular to the top branch 30 of the first belt conveyor 27 and the jaws 76 of the gripper 71 directed toward the auxiliary conveyor 51.
The equipment 1 further comprises a rectilinear track 77 located above the auxiliary conveyor 51, fitted to a member of the aforementioned frame 64 and extending parallel to the top branch 56 of the conveyor 51, also a carriage 78 mounted to the track 77, lying above the selfsame top branch 56 of the auxiliary conveyor 51 and consequently above the bearing surface 51a. The carriage 78 glides on the track 77, set in motion by suitable means not shown in the drawings, alternating between a first station 79 and a second station 80 located one next to the other on the auxiliary conveyor 51.
As illustrated to advantage in figure 2, the carriage 78 consists in a movable hopper presenting a top opening 81 alignable with the opening 11 of the container 3, and a bottom opening 82 offered to the bearing surface 51a.
In more detail, the hopper 78 presents a vertical back wall 83 associated with the track 77, by way of a glide for example (not illustrated), a first side wall 84 directed toward the first station 79 and presenting a bottom edge 85 distanced from the bearing surface 51a, and a second side wall 86 directed toward the second station 80 and presenting a bottom edge 87 in close proximity to the bearing surface 51a.
The side walls 84 and 86 extend parallel from two opposite ends of the back wall 83 and delimit a passage 88 offered to the cigarettes 2 dropping from the container 3, which is set on a top edge 89 of the carriage 78 by the first arm 57 of the first manipulator 53a when in the unloading position, with the opening 11 directed toward the passage 88.
With a container 3 positioned on the carriage 78, possibly held in position by retaining means (not illustrated), and the carriage 78 traversing from the first position toward the second position, cigarettes 2 dropping from the container 3 can be distributed along the auxiliary conveyor 51, as will described in due course.
The carriage 78 is also equipped with a plurality of flow dividers 90 mounted to the back wall 83 and occupying the passage 88 filled by the cigarettes 2 dropping from the container 3 onto the auxiliary conveyor 51, of which the function is to separate the cigarettes 2 descending through the hopper 78 into a plurality of ordered streams and ensure they are not turned skew.
As illustrated to advantage in figure 2, each flow divider 90 comprises a box-like body 91 with a wedge portion 92 uppermost, hinged along a relative vertex 93 to a pivot 94 extending parallel to the vertex 93 and anchored orthogonally to the back wall 83, and a parallelepiped portion 95 beneath, thereby appearing as a "gabled hut". The descending cigarettes 2 thus slide down inclined surfaces 96 presented by the wedge portions 92, thence through channels 97 delimited by the dividers 90 and by the first side wall 84 and the second side wall 86 of the hopper 78.
Three such flow dividers 90 are shown in the example illustrated, positioned side by side and spaced apart one from the next so as to combine with the side walls 84 and 86 of the carriage 78 in defining four flow channels 97, and presenting respective parallelepiped portions 95 of dissimilar vertical proportions. More exactly, the height of the single flow divider 90 increases progressively, and its clearance from the bearing surface 51a is reduced correspondingly, departing from the divider 90 nearest the first side wall 84 of the hopper 78; each flow divider 90 is also free to swing on the relative pivot 94.
Using the equipment 1 described, cigarettes 2 coming from the cigarette maker 4 can be stored in the containers 3 and supplied to the packer 5 as and when required, and in accordance with a method that will now be described.
The method in question includes a step of filling empty containers 3 with cigarettes 2 turned out by the cigarette maker 4, invoked in particular when the infeed capacity of the cigarette packer 5 drops below the output of the cigarette maker 4.
During the filling step, a proportion of the cigarettes 2 emerging from the maker 4 and advancing along the conveyor 6 toward the packer 5 will gravitate through the opening 13, ultimately filling the hopper 14, whereas the remainder will roll over the cigarettes 2 occupying the top part of the hopper 14, passing beyond and into the packer 5 (figure 1).
In the specific case of the example illustrated, cigarettes 2 advance on the top branch 17 of the first transport belt 15 as far as the opening 13, and on the top branch 20 of the second transport belt 18 up to the cigarette packer 5.
At the same time, empty containers 3 lying in storage on the first conveyor 27 are fed toward the hopper 14, filled one at a time with cigarettes 2 from the selfsame hopper 14, then distanced and stored (figures 9 to 14).
To this end, a container 3 is offered to the hopper 14 with the top opening 11 directed upwards and the auxiliary opening 12 facing the hopper 14 (container 3 on the right in figure 9), and placed with the bottom 8 beneath the bottom discharge opening 24 of the hopper 14, so that the hopper 14 is effectively positioned inside the container 3 (container 3 on the right in figure 10).
Next, the cigarettes 2 contained in the hopper 14 are released by a movement of the shutter 24a, and will drop through the bottom opening 24 onto the bottom 8 of the container 3, the container itself also being lowered gradually to free more space (container 3 on the right in figure 11).
When the container 3 is full (container 3 on the right in figure 12), it will be transferred beneath the end 33 of the second belt conveyor 31 with the auxiliary opening 12 directed toward this same conveyor 31 (container 3 on the left in figure 14), elevated to the end 33 of the belt 31 (container 3 on the left in figure 12) and directed onto the belt 31 (container 3 on the left in figure 13), where it remains stored (container 3 on the left in figure 14).
This latter step will be effected preferably by rotating the container 3 through 180° about the aforementioned axis 37, which lies parallel to the side walls 10 and to one side of the container 3, and thereupon elevating the container.
In the case of the equipment 1 described above and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, the steps of rotating and elevating the container 3 are effected by the rotary carrier assembly 35.
More exactly, as a container 3 reaches the end 29 of the first belt conveyor 27, one of the carrier plates 40 or 43, for example the first plate 40, is elevated to a level beneath the end 29 of the conveyor so that the spacers 49, projecting beyond the first belt conveyor 27 on either side, will make contact with and support the container 3 (first position of the plate, figure 9).
Thereafter, the jaws 48 close on the container 3 and the linear guide member 45 slides relative to the shoe 46, moving the plate 40 into the second position beyond the end 29 of the conveyor 27 and beneath the hopper 14 (figure 10).
At the same time, the second plate 43 will be carrying an already full container 3 beneath the end 33 of the second belt conveyor 31, ready to be elevated to this same end 33 (figures 9 and 10).
Once the shutter 24a of the hopper 14 has been retracted, the carriage 47 slides downward on the vertical track 39 and the first carrier plate 40 carries the container 3 into the third position as it is filled with cigarettes 2 (figures 11 and 12). In the meantime, the second plate 43 is elevated with the container 3 full of cigarettes 2, bringing the bottom 8 of the container 3 into alignment with the top branch 34 of the second belt conveyor 31 (figure 12), whereupon the linear guide member 45 slides relative to the shoe 46, positioning the second plate 43 below the end 33 of the belt conveyor 31 and the bottom 8 of the container 3 above the end 33 of the belt 31. Thus, the end 33 of the second belt conveyor 31 slips between the plate 43 and the container 3, which rests on the spacers 49 (figure 13). Finally, the carriage 47 slides downward on the vertical track 39 so that the container 3 settles on the second conveyor 31, by which it is transported to a storage location with the auxiliary opening 12 directed away from the main conveyor 6 and the opening 11 directed upwards (figure 14).
The frame 36, together with the first vertical track 39 and the first carrier plate 40, is caused to turn on the axis 37 of rotation through 180°, bringing the container 3 into the fourth position (figure 14). At the same time, the second vertical track 42 and the second carrier plate 43, currently positioned higher than the first plate 40, rotate through 180° in the opposite direction and into a position of alignment with the end 29 of the first conveyor 27, ready to receive another container 3 (figure 14). This further empty container 3 can be offered to the hopper 14, lowered and filled, at the same time as the container 3 filled previously, carried by the first plate 40, is being rotated or elevated toward the end 33 of the second belt conveyor 31. At this point, the first plate 40 is elevated following the same steps as described previously in respect of the second plate 43.
The cycle thus described will be repeated until the cigarettes 2 that cannot be handled immediately by the packer 5 have been put into containers 3 and stored on the second conveyor 31.
Utilizing a rotary carrier assembly 35 as in the alternative embodiment illustrated, a container 3 reaches the end 29 of the first belt conveyor 27 at the same time as either the second cross member 104 or the fourth cross member 117, and for example the second 104, is elevated to a position of alignment with the end 29 of the conveyor 27, at which point the container 3 can be engaged and supported by the gripping means 122 of the selfsame cross member (figure 17) .
Next, the first vertical track 105 is caused to slide along the relative ways 112 by the pivoting plate 106, positioning the second cross member 104 beyond the end 29 of the first belt conveyor 27 and beneath the hopper 14.
At the same time, the third track 118 is made to slide along the relative ways 121 by the pivoting plate 106 with the result that the fourth cross member 117, currently in the lowered position, is aligned directly below the end 29 of the first belt conveyor 27.
Once the shutter 24a of the loading hopper 14 has been retracted, the second cross member 104 is made to slide downwards on the first vertical track 105 (figure 18). At the same time, the fourth cross member 117 will slide upwards on the third vertical track 118.
As the descending second cross member 104 reaches the lowered position, the fourth cross member 117 draws adjacent to the end 29 of the first belt conveyor 27, from which it proceeds to pick up an empty container 3, whereupon the steps already described in respect of the second cross member 104 will be repeated.
With the second cross member 104 in the lowered position, the first track 105 will be translated by the pivoting plate 106 into a position of alignment with the end 29 of the first belt conveyor 27 (figure 19).
In the same movement, the third track 118 is shifted by the pivoting plate 106 in the opposite direction, so that the fourth cross member 117 and the empty container 3 taken up previously are moved into position under the hopper 14.
At this point, the full container 3 is taken up from the second cross member 104 by the rotatable first cross member 101, through the agency of the relative gripping means 122, and swung preferably through 180° about the axis 103 of rotation of the selfsame first cross member (figure 20).
At the same time, the second cross member 104 is elevated and the fourth cross member 117 lowered, and the cycle of steps described above in respect of the second and fourth cross members 104 and 117 will be repeated.
With the rotation of the first cross member 101 completed, the full container 3 is transferred to the third cross member 113, through the agency of the relative gripping means 122 (figure 21).
The third cross member 113 is now elevated on the second track 114, and the container 3 raised to a level above the second belt conveyor 31.
Next, the second track 114 is traversed along the relative ways 116 toward the end 33 of the second belt conveyor 31, bringing the container 3 into a position directly over the conveyor 31 (figure 22).
The full container 3 can now be released onto the second belt conveyor 31 and stored.
The second track 114 is traversed back along the ways 116 and the cross member 113 returned to the lowered position in readiness to transfer another full container 3 into the magazine.
The cycle thus described will be repeated until the cigarettes 2 that cannot be handled immediately by the packer 5 have been put into containers 3 and stored on the second conveyor 31.
The method according to the invention includes a further step of emptying full containers 3 and feeding cigarettes 2 to the packer 5, which will be invoked in particular when demand at the cigarette packer 5 exceeds output from the cigarette maker 4.
The first in the row of full containers 3 stored on the second conveyor 31 is taken up by the first arm 57, overturned and positioned above the bearing surface 51a of the auxiliary conveyor 51, in such a way that the top opening 11 is directed downwards and will allow the cigarettes 2 to drop onto the surface 51a as it advances along the predetermined feed direction X.
With reference in particular to the equipment 1 described above, the first arm 57 is deployed at the pick-up position illustrated in figure 5, the closure wall 66 is extended to close off the top opening 11 of the container 3, and the jaws 65 engage the two side walls 10 of the container 3, whereupon the arm is rotated through 180° about its horizontal axis 59 (figure 6) so as to position the container 3 over the hopper 78, which will be approaching the first station 79, still occupied by cigarettes 2 emptied from the previous container 3 and flowing through onto the auxiliary conveyor 51 (figure 7).
The container 3 remains above the hopper 78 for a few moments (figure 1), whereupon the wall 66 is retracted and the cigarettes 2 in the container 3 are able to drop onto the cigarettes 2 still in the hopper 78, whilst the container 3 rests on the top edge 89 of the hopper 78 and the first arm 57 is withdrawn (figure 4). In this first emptying step, the container 3 remains stationary at the first station 79, above the advancing bearing surface 51a on which the cigarettes 2 are carried toward the discharge end 52.
Thereafter, in the course of a second emptying step, the hopper 78, together with the container 3 resting on the top edge, is displaced toward the second station 80 along a direction Y parallel and opposite to the feed direction X of the bearing surface 51a as the cigarettes 2 continue to flow through the hopper 78, now at a faster rate than during the first step, since the movement of the auxiliary conveyor 51 along the relative feed direction X is compounded by the movement of the carriage 78 in the opposite direction (figure 5). At the same time, the first arm 57 returns to the pick-up position.
On reaching the second station 80, the hopper 78 and the container 3 remain stationary above the bearing surface 51a, which continues to advance, as part of a third emptying step during which the container 3 is emptied completely and another full container 3 is brought by the first arm 57 into the first station 79 (figure 6).
Figure 7 illustrates a fourth emptying step in which the hopper 78, located below the container 3 and above the bearing surface 51a and moving as one with the container 3 during the first, second and third steps, is separated from the container 3 at the second station 80 and set in motion along a direction Y' concurrent with the feed direction X followed by the bearing surface 51a toward the first station 79, as the cigarettes 2 still in the hopper 78 continue to unload (figure 7).
On reaching the first station 79, the hopper 78 is ready to recommence the cycle (figure 1), whilst the empty container 3 is taken up from the second station 80 by the second arm 67 and deposited on the first conveyor belt 27 (sequence of steps shown in figures 1, 4 and 5).
More exactly, the container 3 is taken up at the second station 80 by the gripper 71 of the second arm 67 and lifted a short distance to separate it from the hopper 78. Only when the hopper 78 reaches the first station 79 will the second arm 67 then rotate on its horizontal axis 69 through 180° and the gripper 71 simultaneously swivel on the axis 72 perpendicular to the horizontal axis 69 so as to position the empty container 3 with the bottom 8 resting on the first belt conveyor 27 and the auxiliary opening 12 facing toward the auxiliary conveyor 51, hence toward the loading hopper 14. Thus, the empty container 3 can either be carried by the first belt conveyor 27 toward a storage area or directed toward the hopper 14 to be refilled.
Throughout the entire sequence of emptying steps, the cigarettes 2 are separated into distinct and ordered streams by the flow dividers 90 installed in the hopper 78, which are caused by the movement of the selfsame cigarettes 2 and by the momentum of the carriage 78 itself to sway compliantly and thus prevent the cigarettes 2 from being turned skew and jamming the hopper 78.

Claims

A method for batch handling and transfer of tobacco products (2) storable en masse and in ordered arrangement internally of containers (3), each container (3) presenting an opening (11) by way of which it can be filled or emptied, including the steps of picking up an empty container (3) from a first magazine (27) in which empty containers (3) are stored, filling the container (3) with tobacco products (2) from a loading hopper (14) and placing the full container (3) in a second magazine (31) where full containers (3) are stored, lying alongside the first magazine (27), the step of filling the container (3) involving feeding the empty container (3) along the first magazine (27), positioning the container (3) around the loading hopper (14) when full of tobacco products (2), with a bottom wall (8) of the container (3) offered to a bottom opening (24) of the hopper (14) covered by a shutter (24a), uncovering the opening (24) of the hopper (14), and lowering the container (3) so as to allow the passage of the tobacco products (2) from the hopper (14) into the container (3); the method also including the steps, effected by a rotary assembly (35), of rotating the container (3) about a vertical axis (37) so as to carry the selfsame container toward the second magazine (31); wherein the step of lowering the container (3) is followed by the step in which the container (3) is rotated about the vertical axis (37) to a position below one end (33) of the second magazine (31); of elevating the container (3) to a position of alignment with the end (33) of the second magazine (31), and of placing the container (3) on the end (33) of the magazine; the method being characterised in that the step of filling and lowering the container (3) are also effected by said rotary assembly (35).
A method as in claim 1, wherein the step of rotating or elevating the container (3) toward one end (33) of the second magazine (31) is accompanied by the step of lowering and filling a further empty container (3) positioned around the hopper (14).
A method as in claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the full containers (3) placed on the end (33) of the second magazine (31) is directed along the selfsame magazine (31) and into storage.