EP1740454B1 - Ship driven by inboard engines and water jets - Google Patents

Ship driven by inboard engines and water jets Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1740454B1
EP1740454B1 EP05742647A EP05742647A EP1740454B1 EP 1740454 B1 EP1740454 B1 EP 1740454B1 EP 05742647 A EP05742647 A EP 05742647A EP 05742647 A EP05742647 A EP 05742647A EP 1740454 B1 EP1740454 B1 EP 1740454B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
marine vessel
vessel according
ship
skegs
motors
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EP05742647A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1740454A1 (en
Inventor
Moustafa Abdel-Maksoud
Hannes Schulze Horn
Kay Tigges
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H11/00—Marine propulsion by water jets
    • B63H11/02—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water
    • B63H11/04—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps
    • B63H11/08—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps of rotary type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/04—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with single hull
    • B63B1/042—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with single hull the underpart of which being partly provided with channels or the like, e.g. catamaran shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H11/00—Marine propulsion by water jets
    • B63H11/02—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water
    • B63H11/10—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water having means for deflecting jet or influencing cross-section thereof
    • B63H11/103—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water having means for deflecting jet or influencing cross-section thereof having means to increase efficiency of propulsive fluid, e.g. discharge pipe provided with means to improve the fluid flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/08—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers of more than one propeller
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/16—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers characterised by being mounted in recesses; with stationary water-guiding elements; Means to prevent fouling of the propeller, e.g. guards, cages or screens

Definitions

  • the document DE 1022402 A1 in contrast, describes a ship with a drive through two propeller drive units, preferably two electric rudder propellers, and by waterjets which produce jets of water, the jets being arranged under the ship's bottom.
  • the electric inboard motors are housed in Skegs on the underside of the ship, wherein between the Skegs a flow channel is formed for the water jets ejected by the water jets.
  • the thick boundary layer in the rear region the effect of the fast waterjet jets thinner and there are less unsteady effects on the respective propeller. Furthermore, the flow rate is equal to the two sides of the respective skeg. The result is an improved propulsion efficiency for the propellers with reduced cavitation tendency. Furthermore, there is a reduced
  • the waterjet jets in the flow channel according to the invention interact synergistically with the propellers of the inboard engines, resulting in a higher overall thrust of the combination of propellers and waterjets than would be expected of the individual trays.
  • a ship especially a fast, seagoing ship, with under the bottom of the ship arranged waterjets and electric rudder propellers for propelling the ship is from the WO 02/057132 A1 , in particular FIG. 2 , known.
  • the flow channel used according to the invention between Skegs on the underside of the ship.
  • the flow channel behind the waterjets in the region of the bottom of the ship increases approximately between half and one third of the length of the ship starting from the stern, in a steady course towards the stern of the ship.
  • This design of the flow channel results in a beneficial increase of the waterjet jets on the plane in which run the propeller. This results in a separation of the waterjet jets from the area of the water in which the propellers of the inboard engines run. Nevertheless, the propellers benefit from the accelerated flow in the flow channel.
  • the flow channel has a guide wedge for the water, the tip of which is directed to the stern of the ship and has an approximately triangular cross-section.
  • This design of the front part of the flow channel ensures that the waterjet jets concentrate in the middle of the flow channel. In doing so, the waterjet jets are very advantageously raised both above the plane in which the inboard motors' propellers run, and concentrated between the inboard engines of the inboard engines. The Propulsions Basilsgrad the propeller is therefore not adversely affected by the water jet, but surprisingly increased.
  • the Skegs in cross-section approximately teardrop shape, in particular outwardly inclined, wherein the inner sides of the skegs are approximately perpendicular to the ship's bottom.
  • the electric motors can be designed as tandem drives to increase the redundancy and to build smaller.
  • the inboard engines are designed in HTS technology. Then it is possible to arrange the respective HTS engine in the back of the skegs, so that no space in the ship is needed for the engines. This is particularly the case when the HTS motors are arranged approximately in the area of the necessary, located in the skegs, shaft tunnels.
  • the use of HTS engines results in a particularly light tail, although the engines are arranged very far aft. The tail weight is significantly lower when using HTS engines than when using diesel direct drives.
  • the HTS motor has an under shock load as a unit evasive stand-rotor arrangement, which is stored shock-damped in the motor housing.
  • a stand-rotor arrangement which can be deviated as a unit, electric motors, even if they are not made in HTS technology, but in normal-age technology, can withstand high shock loads.
  • beyond the motor housing is arranged elastically evasive under shock stress. This results in a double avoidance capability of the individual engine parts, which leads to a very high insensitivity.
  • Such suspended and trained electrical machines can withstand accelerations of well over 10 g.
  • the electric motor in particular in the HTS engine version, is arranged in a motor cassette, which is elastically mounted, in particular suspended.
  • a motor cassette can be replaced relatively easily in the harbor, so that a ship with this motor arrangement can also be installed e.g. can be made relatively quickly reusable after a mine hit under the rear.
  • the electric motor, the short shaft and the propeller thereby advantageously form an interchangeable unit.
  • electric motors are designed in the skegs as tandem motors, in particular as tandem shaft motors.
  • the reliability of the drive can be advantageously further improved.
  • the ship according to the invention has fuel cell modules and internal combustion engines distributed in the hull, which generate the energy required by the drive components, ie by the inboard electric motors and the waterjets.
  • the ship according to the invention not only distributed Propulsions droveen, but also distributed power generation facilities, which makes it particularly insensitive to damage from external agents.
  • a central engine room is eliminated, so that in particular for luxury yachts more valuable space inside the ship, and Although approximately in the ship's center or in the front rear area, is available. This advantage also applies to ro-ro ferries or container ships. Here is more usable interior space available.
  • the ship has an AC normal supply network and a DC waterjet supply network, between which a clutch with converter is arranged to transmit energy from one network to the other network can.
  • a DC network which is particularly suitable for interconnecting power generation facilities distributed in the ship, are combined with the advantages of an AC network for the low supply of a large consumer, such as the waterjets , Not only diesel engines or fuel cells, but also gas turbines come into question as energy supply facilities.
  • the DC waterjet supply network can be operated so particularly low.
  • the invention can be used both in naval ships and in fast motor yachts, especially luxury yachts. Such ships require low emissions and a large space available in the interior of the ship. At the same time a high final speed is to be achieved, so that the inventive design of the ship for both types of ship is particularly advantageous.
  • the comfort can be further increased by the fact that the internal combustion engines and possibly reformer for the hydrogen production of the fuel cell with negative pressure Abgasaustechnischs Roaden, such as for submarines, e.g. already known to be provided. This achieves a high degree of freedom from emissions while at the same time increasing the comfort of passengers and crews. The usual nuisance caused by exhaust gases is eliminated. Even for fast ferries therefore the proposed drive and stern training concept is very suitable.
  • FIGURE 1 1 designates the waterjets under the ship's bottom, 2 the inboard motors, which drive the propellers 3 via short propeller shafts 8.
  • the inboard motors 2 are arranged in skegs 10, which together with the wedge-shaped, pointing with its tip to the rear displacement body 6 with V-shaped cross-section flow guide for the waterjet jets 5, which flow out initially unguided and then concentrated.
  • the inflow of water into the waterjets 1 is denoted by 4.
  • the accelerated by the propellers outflowing water is designated 9.
  • both the propellers are kept free of the centrally concentrated streams of water jet 7, as well as ensures that the entire tail width of the ship is needed for the water jets produced by the Propulsionsakuen 1 and 3.
  • Optionally provided e-motors in tandem arrangement are designated 30 and the rudders behind the propellers with 31.
  • FIGURE 2 11 designates the underbody of the ship and 12 the side wall which, in the course of the length of the ship, enters the bow according to the former cross sections 13 shown in shipbuilding technology. 14 with the skegs are designated on the rear underside, which run according to the marked Spantumrisse 15 aft. All in all results for the expert, the Spantverlauf in the tail and the length of the ship.
  • FIG. 16 shows the ship's course in the area of the skegs, FIG. 16 showing the steady rise of the flow channel between the skegs 17.
  • the course of the outer and the inner side of the skegs can be seen from the lines 18 and 19. Together with the stern lines FIGURE 2 This results in a clear picture of the line of the ship in the lower rear area for the expert.
  • FIG. 4 20 denotes the schematically illustrated propeller of the ship, which is arranged on the propeller shaft 21 and has a thrust bearing 22 between the engine and the propeller. Stand and rotor of the motor 28, 29 are combined via pivot bearings 24 to a total of the elastic elements 26, 27 evasive unit.
  • the formation of such an engine is not the subject of the invention and already known.
  • the use of the known construction for the present invention in the Skegs located electric motors is particularly favorable, as a high shock resistance and thus operational capability for naval (Navy) ships is given.
  • FIG. 5 which shows the cassette formation of the drive unit, which is arranged in each case in a skeg
  • 32 denotes the so-called “cassette” in which the electric drive motor 33 is arranged via releasable spring elements 34.
  • the motor together with its storage 35 in the cassette 32 is easy and easy to disassemble, so that a time-consuming removal of the engine from the ship's interior is eliminated. Even a repair of the propeller is so simplified.
  • Such cartridge motors will be relatively small so that the assembly of a POD drive 36 under the stern of the vessel 37 may be required to increase propulsion performance. Overall, a fast replaceable electric drive high feed rate and with good efficiency, especially when the propeller are in opposite directions.
  • FIG. 6 40 denotes the hull of the ship according to the invention and 41 the skegs on the underside of the ship in the stern area. Between the skegs 41 of the guide wedge 38 is arranged, which runs small to the rear. Between the skegs 41 and the guide wedge 38 are flow channels 39, which unite behind the end of the guide wedge 38. Since the flow follows the ship's surface, the advantageous concentration of the waterjet flow according to the invention thus occurs.

Abstract

A ship is disclosed which is driven by inboard engines with propellers and by water jets producing jets of water. The inboard engines are embodied in the form of electric motors and the water jets are used underneath the bottom of the ship. The electric inboard engines are accommodated in skegs on the underside of the ship. A flow channel is formed between the skegs for the jets of water emitted by the water jets.

Description

Schiff mit einem Antrieb durch Innenbordmotoren mit Propellern und durch Waterjets, die Wasserstrahlen erzeugen, wobei die Innenbordmotoren als Elektromotoren ausgebildet sind und die Waterjets unter dem Schiffsboden angeordnet sind.Ship powered by inboard engines with propellers and by waterjets that produce jets of water, the inboard engines being electric motors and the jets being disposed below the ship's bottom.

Das Dokument DE 1022402 A1 beschreibt demgegenüber ein Schiff mit einem Antrieb durch zwei Propellerantriebseinheiten, vorzugsweise zwei elektrische Ruderpropeller, und durch Waterjets, die Wasserstrahlen erzeugen, wobei die Waterjets unter dem Schiffsboden angeordnet sind.The document DE 1022402 A1 in contrast, describes a ship with a drive through two propeller drive units, preferably two electric rudder propellers, and by waterjets which produce jets of water, the jets being arranged under the ship's bottom.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Heck- und Unterbodenausbildung eines eingangs genannten Schiffes anzugeben, die gegenüber bekannten Schiffen, die mit elektrischen Innenbordmotoren und Waterjets ausgerüstet sind, einen höheren Propulsionswirkungsgrad ergeben. Zur Lösung der Aufgabe ist vorgesehen, dass die elektrischen Innenbordmotoren in Skegs an der Schiffsunterseite untergebracht sind, wobei zwischen den Skegs ein Strömungskanal für die von den Waterjets ausgestoßenen Wasserstrahlen ausgebildet ist. Durch diese erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung des Unterbodens des Schiffes im achteren Bereich ergeben sich sehr gute Strömungsverhältnisse für die einzelnen Propulsionseinrichtungen mit einem insbesondere für die Propeller erhöhten Propulsionswirkungsgrad! Ermöglicht wird dies durch die Kanalströmung, die sich aufgrund der Führung der Waterjetstrahlen in einem Strömungskanal ergibt. In dem erfindungsgemäß gebildeten Strömungskanal wird die im Heckbereich dicke Grenzschicht durch den Einfluss der schnellen Waterjetstrahlen dünner und es ergeben sich weniger instationäre Effekte am jeweiligen Propeller. Des weiteren gleicht sich die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit auf den beiden Seiten des jeweiligen Skegs an. Es ergibt sich ein verbesserter Propulsionswirkungsgrad für die Propeller bei verringerter Kavitationsneigung. Weiterhin ergibt sich eine verminderteIt is an object of the invention to provide a rear and underbody training of a ship mentioned above, which give a higher Propulsionswirkungsgrad compared to known ships, which are equipped with electric in-board motors and waterjets. To achieve the object it is provided that the electric inboard motors are housed in Skegs on the underside of the ship, wherein between the Skegs a flow channel is formed for the water jets ejected by the water jets. This inventive design of the underbody of the ship in the aft area results in very good flow conditions for the individual Propulsionseinrichtungen with a particular for the propeller increased propulsion efficiency! This is made possible by the channel flow, which results from guiding the waterjet streams in a flow channel. In the flow channel formed according to the invention, the thick boundary layer in the rear region the effect of the fast waterjet jets thinner and there are less unsteady effects on the respective propeller. Furthermore, the flow rate is equal to the two sides of the respective skeg. The result is an improved propulsion efficiency for the propellers with reduced cavitation tendency. Furthermore, there is a reduced

Vibrationsneigung und überraschenderweise auch eine verbesserte Geradeausfahrt.Vibration tendency and surprisingly also improved straight-ahead driving.

Die Waterjetstrahlen im erfindungsgemäßen Strömungskanal wirken mit den Propellern der Innenbordmotoren in synergetischer Weise zusammen, so dass sich ein höherer Gesamtschub der Kombination Propeller und Waterjets ergibt, als es die Einzelschübe erwarten lassen.The waterjet jets in the flow channel according to the invention interact synergistically with the propellers of the inboard engines, resulting in a higher overall thrust of the combination of propellers and waterjets than would be expected of the individual trays.

Ein Schiff, insbesondere ein schnelles, seegehendes Schiff, mit unter dem Boden des Schiffes angeordneten Waterjets und elektrischen Ruderpropellern zum Antrieb des Schiffes ist aus der WO 02/057132 A1 , insbesondere aus Figur 2, bekannt. Bei einer derartigen Anordnung und Heckgestaltung kommt es jedoch nicht zu einer Trennung der von den Waterjets erzeugten Wasserströmen von dem Wasserbereich, in dem die Propeller laufen. Dies wird jedoch durch den erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Strömungskanal zwischen Skegs auf der Schiffsunterseite erreicht.A ship, especially a fast, seagoing ship, with under the bottom of the ship arranged waterjets and electric rudder propellers for propelling the ship is from the WO 02/057132 A1 , in particular FIG. 2 , known. In such an arrangement and tail design, however, there is no separation of the water streams generated by the water jets from the water area in which the propellers run. However, this is achieved by the flow channel used according to the invention between Skegs on the underside of the ship.

Aus dem Aufsatz: "Korvetten von Blohm und Voss" in der Zeitschrift "Schiff + Hafen", 12/96, Seiten 37 und 38, ist ein Schiff bekannt, das zwei Dieseldirektantriebe für Propeller und einen Waterjet aufweist, die zusammen im Heck des Schiffes angeordnet sind. Bei derartigen Anordnungen ist es jedoch insbesondere für Marineschiffe nachteilig, dass alle Antriebseinheiten im Heck angeordnet sind und bei einem Hecktreffer gleichzeitig ausfallen. Weiterhin ergibt sich durch den bekannten Waterjet eine Geräuschentwicklung, die unerwünscht ist. Ein synergetischer Effekt, der den Gesamtschub erhöht, kann sich nicht einstellen.From the essay: "Corvettes of Blohm and Voss" in the magazine "Schiff + Hafen", 12/96, pages 37 and 38, a ship is known, which has two diesel direct drives for propellers and a water jet, which together in the stern of the ship are arranged. In such arrangements, however, it is particularly disadvantageous for naval vessels that all drive units are arranged in the rear and fail at the same time in a tail end. Furthermore, results from the known water jet noise, which is undesirable. A synergetic effect that increases overall thrust can not be established.

In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass der Strömungskanal hinter den Waterjets im Bereich des Schiffsbodens etwa zwischen der Hälfte und einem Drittel der Schiffslänge vom Heck beginnend, in einem stetigen Verlauf zum Heck des Schiffes hin ansteigt. Durch diese Ausbildung des Strömungskanals ergibt sich ein vorteilhaftes Ansteigen der Waterjetstrahlen über die Ebene, in denen die Propeller laufen. So ergibt sich eine Trennung der Waterjetstrahlen von dem Bereich des Wassers, in dem die Propeller der Innenbordmotore laufen. Gleichwohl profitieren die Propeller von der beschleunigten Strömung im Strömungskanal.In an embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the flow channel behind the waterjets in the region of the bottom of the ship increases approximately between half and one third of the length of the ship starting from the stern, in a steady course towards the stern of the ship. This design of the flow channel results in a beneficial increase of the waterjet jets on the plane in which run the propeller. This results in a separation of the waterjet jets from the area of the water in which the propellers of the inboard engines run. Nevertheless, the propellers benefit from the accelerated flow in the flow channel.

In Ergänzung zum Anheben der Wasserstrahlen der Waterjets zum Heck hin ist vorgesehen, dass der Strömungskanal einen Führungskeil für das Wasser aufweist, dessen Spitze zum Heck des Schiffes gerichtet ist und der einen etwa dreieckigen Querschnitt besitzt. Durch diese Ausbildung des Vorderteils des Strömungskanals wird erreicht, dass sich die Waterjetstrahlen in der Mitte des Strömungskanals konzentrieren. Dabei werden die Waterjetstrahlen sehr vorteilhaft sowohl über die Ebene, in denen die Propeller der Innenbordmotore laufen, angehoben, als auch zwischen den Propellern der Innenbordmotore konzentriert. Der Propulsionswirkungsgrad der Propeller wird daher durch die Waterjetstrahlen nicht negativ beeinflusst, sondern vielmehr überraschenderweise erhöht.In addition to raising the water jets of water jets to the rear, it is provided that the flow channel has a guide wedge for the water, the tip of which is directed to the stern of the ship and has an approximately triangular cross-section. This design of the front part of the flow channel ensures that the waterjet jets concentrate in the middle of the flow channel. In doing so, the waterjet jets are very advantageously raised both above the plane in which the inboard motors' propellers run, and concentrated between the inboard engines of the inboard engines. The Propulsionswirkungsgrad the propeller is therefore not adversely affected by the water jet, but surprisingly increased.

Es ist weiterhin vorgesehen, dass die Skegs im Querschnitt etwa Tropfenform, insbesondere nach außen geneigt, aufweisen, wobei die Innenseiten der Skegs etwa senkrecht zum Schiffsboden verlaufen. So ergibt sich ein widerstandsarmer Strömungskanal, der durch strömungsgünstig ausgestaltete seitliche Strömungsleitelemente, nämlich die tropfenförmigen Skegs begrenzt wird. Insgesamt ergibt sich so trotz der am Heck angeordneten Strömungsleitelemente, etwa der Führungskeil im Strömungskanal oder die Skegs, ein geringer Heckwiderstand für das erfindungsgemäße Schiff. Die E-Motore können, um die Redundanz zu erhöhen und um kleiner zu bauen, als Tandem-Antriebe ausgebildet werden.It is further provided that the Skegs in cross-section approximately teardrop shape, in particular outwardly inclined, wherein the inner sides of the skegs are approximately perpendicular to the ship's bottom. This results in a low-resistance flow channel which is limited by flow-optimized lateral flow guide elements, namely the drop-shaped skegs becomes. Overall, this results in spite of the arranged at the rear flow guide, such as the guide wedge in the flow channel or the skegs, a low tail resistance for the ship according to the invention. The electric motors can be designed as tandem drives to increase the redundancy and to build smaller.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Innenbordmotore in HTS-Technik ausgebildet werden. Dann ist es möglich, den jeweiligen HTS-Motor hinten in den Skegs anzuordnen, so dass kein Raum im Schiff für die Motoren benötigt wird. Dies ist insbesondere der Fall, wenn die HTS-Motoren etwa im Bereich der-notwendigen, in den Skegs befindlichen, Wellentunneln angeordnet werden. Durch die Verwendung von HTS-Motoren ergibt sich dabei ein besonders leichtes Heck, obwohl die Motoren sehr weit achtern angeordnet sind. Das Heckgewicht ist bei der Verwendung von HTS-Motoren wesentlich geringer als bei der Verwendung von Dieseldirektantrieben.It is particularly advantageous if the inboard engines are designed in HTS technology. Then it is possible to arrange the respective HTS engine in the back of the skegs, so that no space in the ship is needed for the engines. This is particularly the case when the HTS motors are arranged approximately in the area of the necessary, located in the skegs, shaft tunnels. The use of HTS engines results in a particularly light tail, although the engines are arranged very far aft. The tail weight is significantly lower when using HTS engines than when using diesel direct drives.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass der HTS-Motor eine unter Schockbeanspruchung als Einheit ausweichfähige Ständer-Läufer-Anordnung aufweist, die schockgedämpft im Motorengehäuse gelagert ist. Durch die Verwendung einer als Einheit ausweichfähigen Ständer-Läufer-Anordnung können E-Motoren, auch falls sie nicht in HTS-Technik ausgeführt sind, sondern in Normaltechnik, hohe Schockbeanspruchungen ertragen werden. Um dies zu verstärken ist vorgesehen, dass darüber hinaus das Motorgehäuse unter Schockbeanspruchung elastisch ausweichend angeordnet ist. So ergibt sich eine doppelte Ausweichfähigkeit der einzelnen Motorteile, die zu einer sehr hohen Unempfindlichkeit führt. Derartig aufgehängte und ausgebildete elektrische Maschinen können Beschleunigungen von deutlich über 10 g aushalten.In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the HTS motor has an under shock load as a unit evasive stand-rotor arrangement, which is stored shock-damped in the motor housing. By using a stand-rotor arrangement which can be deviated as a unit, electric motors, even if they are not made in HTS technology, but in normal-age technology, can withstand high shock loads. To reinforce this, it is provided that beyond the motor housing is arranged elastically evasive under shock stress. This results in a double avoidance capability of the individual engine parts, which leads to a very high insensitivity. Such suspended and trained electrical machines can withstand accelerations of well over 10 g.

Da die Reparaturmöglichkeiten im Inneren von Skegs unter dem Heck eines Schiffes nicht optimal sind, ist vorgesehen, dass der Elektromotor, insbesondere in der HTS-Motorausführung, in einer Motorkassette angeordnet ist, die elastisch gelagert, insbesondere aufgehängt, ist. Eine derartige Motorkassette kann im Hafen relativ leicht ausgewechselt werden, so dass ein Schiff mit dieser Motoranordnung auch z.B. nach einem Minentreffer unter dem Heck relativ schnell wieder einsatzfähig gemacht werden kann. Der Elektromotor, die kurze Welle und der Propeller bilden dabei vorteilhaft eine auswechselungsfähige Einheit.Since the repair possibilities are not optimal in the interior of Skegs under the stern of a ship, it is provided that the electric motor, in particular in the HTS engine version, is arranged in a motor cassette, which is elastically mounted, in particular suspended. Such a motor cassette can be replaced relatively easily in the harbor, so that a ship with this motor arrangement can also be installed e.g. can be made relatively quickly reusable after a mine hit under the rear. The electric motor, the short shaft and the propeller thereby advantageously form an interchangeable unit.

Es ist in Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass E-Motoren in den Skegs als Tandem-Motoren ausgebildet sind, insbesondere als Tandem-Wellenmotoren. Hierdurch kann die Betriebssicherheit des Antriebs vorteilhaft noch weiter verbessert werden.It is provided in an embodiment of the invention that electric motors are designed in the skegs as tandem motors, in particular as tandem shaft motors. As a result, the reliability of the drive can be advantageously further improved.

Für das erfindungsgemäße Schiff ist vorgesehen, dass es im Schiffsrumpf verteilte Brennstoffzellenmodule und Verbrennungskraftmaschinen aufweist, die die von den Antriebskomponenten, d.h. von den elektrischen Innenbordmotoren und den Waterjets, benötigte Energie erzeugen. So hat das erfindungsgemäße Schiff nicht nur verteilte Propulsionseinrichtungen, sondern auch verteilte Energieerzeugungseinrichtungen, die es besonders unempfindlich gegen Schäden durch äußere Einwirkungen macht. Des weiteren ergibt sich vorteilhaft, dass ein zentraler Maschinenraum entfällt, so dass insbesondere für Luxusyachten mehr wertvoller Raum im Inneren des Schiffs, und zwar etwa in der Schiffsmitte oder im vorderen Heckbereich, zur Verfügung steht. Dieser Vorteil ergibt sich auch für Ro-Ro-Fähren oder Containerschiffe. Hier steht mehr nutzbarer Innenraum zur Verfügung.It is provided for the ship according to the invention that it has fuel cell modules and internal combustion engines distributed in the hull, which generate the energy required by the drive components, ie by the inboard electric motors and the waterjets. Thus, the ship according to the invention not only distributed Propulsionseinrichtungen, but also distributed power generation facilities, which makes it particularly insensitive to damage from external agents. Furthermore, it is advantageous that a central engine room is eliminated, so that in particular for luxury yachts more valuable space inside the ship, and Although approximately in the ship's center or in the front rear area, is available. This advantage also applies to ro-ro ferries or container ships. Here is more usable interior space available.

Es ist weiterhin erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass das Schiff ein AC-Normalversorgungsnetz und ein DC-Waterjetversorgungsnetz aufweist, zwischen denen eine Schaltkupplung mit Stromrichter angeordnet ist, um Energie von einem Netz in das andere Netz übertragen zu können. So ergibt sich ein Gesamt-Schiffsnetz, in dem die Vorteile eines DC-Netzes, das besonders geeignet ist, im Schiff verteilte Energieerzeugungseinrichtungen miteinander zu verbinden, mit den Vorteilen eines AC-Netzes zur günstigen Versorgung eines Großverbrauchers, wie etwa den Waterjets, kombiniert sind. Als Energieversorgungseinrichtungen kommen dabei nicht nur Dieselmotore oder Brennstoffzellen, sondern auch Gasturbinen in Frage. Insbesondere das DC-Waterjetversorgungsnetz kann so besonders günstig betrieben werden.It is further provided according to the invention that the ship has an AC normal supply network and a DC waterjet supply network, between which a clutch with converter is arranged to transmit energy from one network to the other network can. Thus, there is an overall ship network in which the advantages of a DC network, which is particularly suitable for interconnecting power generation facilities distributed in the ship, are combined with the advantages of an AC network for the low supply of a large consumer, such as the waterjets , Not only diesel engines or fuel cells, but also gas turbines come into question as energy supply facilities. In particular, the DC waterjet supply network can be operated so particularly low.

Anstelle der erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Innenbordmotore können natürlich auch elektrische Ruderpropeller (PODs) verwendet werden, die hinter den Skegs angeordnet sind. Dabei ergibt sich auch die erfindungsgemäß vorteilhafte Trennung der Waterjetströme von dem Bereich, in dem die Propeller des Schiffes laufen, aber, wie bereits ausgeführt, ist das von dem Heck aufzunehmende Gewicht höher. Derartige Schiffe werden daher eine so genannte Delta-Form aufweisen, um das hohe Heckgewicht tragen zu können. Dies gilt auch bei der Kombination von Innenbordmotoren mit elektrischen Ruderpropellern (PODs).Instead of the inventively provided inboard motors of course, electrical Rudderpropeller (PODs) can be used, which are arranged behind the skegs. This also results in accordance with the invention advantageous separation of the water jet streams from the area in which the propellers of the ship run, but, as already stated, the weight to be absorbed by the rear is higher. Such ships will therefore have a so-called delta shape in order to carry the high tail weight can. This also applies to the combination of inboard electric thruster (POD) engines.

Die Erfindung kann sowohl bei Marineschiffen als auch bei schnellen Motoryachten, insbesondere Luxusyachten, angewendet werden. Bei derartigen Schiffen kommt es auf geringe Emissionen und auf einen großen, im Schiffsinneren verfügbaren, Raum an. Gleichzeitig soll eine hohe Endgeschwindigkeit erreicht werden, so dass die erfindungsgemäße Ausführung des Schiffs für beide Schiffstypen besonders vorteilhaft ist. Dabei kann der Komfort noch weiter dadurch erhöht werden, dass die Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und ggf. Reformer für die Wasserstofferzeugung der Brennstoffzellen mit Unterdruck-Abgasausleitungseinrichtungen, wie sie für U-Boote z.B. bereits bekannt sind, versehen werden. So wird eine weitgehende Emissionsfreiheit erreicht und gleichzeitig der Komfort der Passagiere bzw. Mannschaften erhöht. Die sonst übliche Belästigung durch Abgase entfällt. Auch für schnelle Fähren ist daher das vorgesehene Antriebs- und Heckausbildungskonzept sehr geeignet.The invention can be used both in naval ships and in fast motor yachts, especially luxury yachts. Such ships require low emissions and a large space available in the interior of the ship. At the same time a high final speed is to be achieved, so that the inventive design of the ship for both types of ship is particularly advantageous. In this case, the comfort can be further increased by the fact that the internal combustion engines and possibly reformer for the hydrogen production of the fuel cell with negative pressure Abgasausleitungseinrichtungen, such as for submarines, e.g. already known to be provided. This achieves a high degree of freedom from emissions while at the same time increasing the comfort of passengers and crews. The usual nuisance caused by exhaust gases is eliminated. Even for fast ferries therefore the proposed drive and stern training concept is very suitable.

Die Erfindung wird anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert, aus denen, ebenso wie aus den Unteransprüchen und der Beschreibung, auch weitere erfinderische Vorteile entnehmbar sind.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings, from which, as well as from the dependent claims and the description, also further inventive advantages are removable.

Es zeigen:

FIGUR 1
die prinzipielle Anordnung der Komponenten im und unter dem Heck des Schiffes;
FIGUR 2
die Linien des Schiffs in einer im Schiffbau üblichen Darstellung von Achtern;
FIGUR 3
die Linien des Schiffs in einer im Schiffbau üblichen Darstellung von der Seite;
FIGUR 4
eine Prinzipdarstellung der ausweichfähigen Läufer- Ständer-Anordnung eines Elektromotors auf einer kur- zen Propellerwelle;
FIGUR 5
die Ausbildung eines Propellerantriebs in Kassetten- Form mit optionalem POD-Antrieb; und
FIGUR 6
das Prinzip der Unterbodenausbildung im Bereich des Führungskeils.
Show it:
FIGURE 1
the basic arrangement of the components in and under the stern of the ship;
FIGURE 2
the lines of the ship in a shipbuilding usual representation of aft;
FIG. 3
the lines of the ship in a usual in shipbuilding representation from the side;
FIG. 4
a schematic representation of the evasive runner Stand arrangement of an electric motor on a short propeller shaft;
FIG. 5
the formation of a propeller drive in cassette form with optional POD drive; and
FIG. 6
the principle of underbody training in the area of the guide wedge.

In FIGUR 1 bezeichnet 1 die Waterjets unter dem Schiffsboden, 2 die Innenbordmotoren, die über kurze Propellerwellen 8 die Propeller 3 antreiben. Die Innenbordmotoren 2 sind in Skegs 10 angeordnet, die zusammen mit dem keilförmigen, mit seiner Spitze zum Heck weisenden Verdrängungskörper 6 mit V-förmigem Querschnitt Strömungsleitkörper für die Waterjetstrahlen 5 bilden, die zunächst ungelenkt ausströmen und dann konzentriert werden. Die Einströmung des Wassers in die Waterjets 1 ist mit 4 bezeichnet. Das von den Propellern beschleunigte abströmende Wasser ist mit 9 bezeichnet. Wie sich aus FIGUR 1 vorteilhaft ergibt, werden sowohl die Propeller von den mittig konzentrierten Waterjetströmen 7 freigehalten, als auch erreicht, dass die gesamte Heckbreite des Schiffes für die von den Propulsionseinheiten 1 und 3 erzeugten Wasserstrahlen gebraucht wird. Optional vorgesehene E-Motoren in Tandem-Anordnung sind mit 30 bezeichnet und die Ruder hinter den Propellern mit 31.In FIGURE 1 1 designates the waterjets under the ship's bottom, 2 the inboard motors, which drive the propellers 3 via short propeller shafts 8. The inboard motors 2 are arranged in skegs 10, which together with the wedge-shaped, pointing with its tip to the rear displacement body 6 with V-shaped cross-section flow guide for the waterjet jets 5, which flow out initially unguided and then concentrated. The inflow of water into the waterjets 1 is denoted by 4. The accelerated by the propellers outflowing water is designated 9. As it turned out FIGURE 1 Advantageously, both the propellers are kept free of the centrally concentrated streams of water jet 7, as well as ensures that the entire tail width of the ship is needed for the water jets produced by the Propulsionseinheiten 1 and 3. Optionally provided e-motors in tandem arrangement are designated 30 and the rudders behind the propellers with 31.

In FIGUR 2 bezeichnet 11 den Unterboden des Schiffes und 12 die Bordwand, die im Verlauf der Länge des Schiffs entsprechend der in schiffbautechnisch üblicher Weise dargestellten Spantquerschnitte 13 in den Bug einläuft. Mit 14 sind die Skegs auf der Heckunterseite bezeichnet, die gemäß der eingezeichneten Spantumrisse 15 nach achtern verlaufen. Insgesamt ergibt sich für den Fachmann der Spantverlauf im Heck und über die Schiffslänge.In FIGURE 2 11 designates the underbody of the ship and 12 the side wall which, in the course of the length of the ship, enters the bow according to the former cross sections 13 shown in shipbuilding technology. 14 with the skegs are designated on the rear underside, which run according to the marked Spantumrisse 15 aft. All in all results for the expert, the Spantverlauf in the tail and the length of the ship.

In FIGUR 3 ist der Schiffslinienverlauf im Bereich der Skegs ersichtlich, wobei 16 den stetigen Anstieg des Strömungskanals zwischen den Skegs 17 wiedergibt. Der Verlauf der Außen- und der Innenseite der Skegs ist aus den Linien 18 und 19 ersichtlich. Zusammen mit den Hecklinien aus FIGUR 2 ergibt sich so für den Fachmann ein eindeutiges Bild des Linienverlaufs des Schiffes im unteren Heckbereich.In FIG. 3 FIG. 16 shows the ship's course in the area of the skegs, FIG. 16 showing the steady rise of the flow channel between the skegs 17. The course of the outer and the inner side of the skegs can be seen from the lines 18 and 19. Together with the stern lines FIGURE 2 This results in a clear picture of the line of the ship in the lower rear area for the expert.

In FIGUR 4 bezeichnet 20 den schematisch dargestellten Propeller des Schiffes, der auf der Propellerwelle 21 angeordnet ist und ein Drucklager 22 zwischen Motor und Propeller aufweist. Ständer und Rotor des Motors 28, 29 sind über Drehlager 24 zu einer insgesamt auf den elastischen Elementen 26, 27 ausweichfähigen Einheit zusammengefasst. So ergibt sich eine Anordnung, die ein Anschlagen der gegeneinander rotierenden, nur durch einen Luftspalt getrennten, Motorteile unter hoher Querbeschleunigung verhindert. Die Ausbildung eines derartigen Motors ist nicht Gegenstand der Erfindung und bereits bekannt. Die Verwendung der bekannten Konstruktion für die erfindungsgemäß in den Skegs befindlichen Elektromotoren ist jedoch besonders günstig, da so eine hohe Schocksicherheit und damit Einsatzfähigkeit für Marine(Navy)Schiffe gegeben ist.In FIG. 4 20 denotes the schematically illustrated propeller of the ship, which is arranged on the propeller shaft 21 and has a thrust bearing 22 between the engine and the propeller. Stand and rotor of the motor 28, 29 are combined via pivot bearings 24 to a total of the elastic elements 26, 27 evasive unit. This results in an arrangement which prevents a striking of the mutually rotating, separated only by an air gap, engine parts under high lateral acceleration. The formation of such an engine is not the subject of the invention and already known. However, the use of the known construction for the present invention in the Skegs located electric motors is particularly favorable, as a high shock resistance and thus operational capability for naval (Navy) ships is given.

In FIGUR 5, die die Kassettenausbildung der Antriebseinheit, die jeweils in einem Skeg angeordnet ist, zeigt, bezeichnet 32 die so genannte "Kassette", in der der elektrische Antriebsmotor 33 über lösbare Federelemente 34 angeordnet ist. So ergibt sich eine gegenüber einer festen Aufstellung erhöhte weitere Schocksicherheit und nach Lösen der Federelemente 34 ist der Motor mitsamt seiner Lagerung 35 in der Kassette 32 leicht und einfach demontierbar, so dass ein zeitaufwendiges Ausbauen des Motors aus dem Schiffsinneren entfällt. Auch eine Reparatur der Propeller ist so vereinfacht.In FIG. 5 , which shows the cassette formation of the drive unit, which is arranged in each case in a skeg, 32 denotes the so-called "cassette" in which the electric drive motor 33 is arranged via releasable spring elements 34. This results in an increased compared to a fixed lineup further shock safety and after release of the spring elements 34, the motor together with its storage 35 in the cassette 32 is easy and easy to disassemble, so that a time-consuming removal of the engine from the ship's interior is eliminated. Even a repair of the propeller is so simplified.

Derartige Kassettenmotoren werden relativ klein sein, so dass die Montage eines POD-Antriebs 36 unter dem Heck der Schiffes 37 zur Erhöhung der Vortriebsleistung geboten sein kann. Insgesamt entsteht so ein schnell wechselbarer E-Antrieb hoher Vorschubleistung und mit gutem Wirkungsgrad, insbesondere wenn die Propeller gegenläufig sind.Such cartridge motors will be relatively small so that the assembly of a POD drive 36 under the stern of the vessel 37 may be required to increase propulsion performance. Overall, a fast replaceable electric drive high feed rate and with good efficiency, especially when the propeller are in opposite directions.

In FIGUR 6 bezeichnet 40 den Rumpf des erfindungsgemäßen Schiffes und 41 die Skegs an der Schiffsunterseite im Heckbereich. Zwischen den Skegs 41 ist der Führungskeil 38 angeordnet, der zum Heck klein ausläuft. Zwischen den Skegs 41 und dem Führungskeil 38 befinden sich Strömungskanäle 39, die sich hinter dem Ende des Führungskeils 38 vereinen. Da die Strömung der Schiffsoberfläche folgt, kommt es so zu der erfindungsgemäßen, vorteilhaften Konzentration der Waterjetströmung. In FIG. 6 40 denotes the hull of the ship according to the invention and 41 the skegs on the underside of the ship in the stern area. Between the skegs 41 of the guide wedge 38 is arranged, which runs small to the rear. Between the skegs 41 and the guide wedge 38 are flow channels 39, which unite behind the end of the guide wedge 38. Since the flow follows the ship's surface, the advantageous concentration of the waterjet flow according to the invention thus occurs.

Claims (18)

  1. Marine vessel propelled by inboard motors with propellers (3) and by waterjets (1) which produce jets of water (5), with the inboard motors being in the form of electric motors (2) and the waterjets (1) being arranged under the bottom of the marine vessel, and with the electric inboard motors being accommodated in skegs (10) on the underneath of the marine vessel and with a flow channel for the jets of water (7) emitted from the waterjets (1) being formed between the skegs (10).
  2. Marine vessel according to Claim 1, characterized in that the flow channel behind the waterjets (1) rises with a continuous profile towards the stern of the marine vessel, starting in the area of the bottom of the marine vessel.
  3. Marine vessel according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the flow channel has a guide wedge (6) for the water in the flow channel, whose tip points towards the stern of the marine vessel and which has an approximately triangular cross section.
  4. Marine vessel according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the skegs (10) have a droplet-shaped cross section which, in particular, is inclined outwards, with that side of the skegs (10) which faces the flow channel running approximately at right angles to the bottom of the marine vessel.
  5. Marine vessel according to Claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the propellers (3) operate outside the jets from the waterjets (7), since the jets from the waterjets (7) run through the flow-channel configuration, which rises towards the stern and the effect of the guide wedge (6) in the upper central area of the flow channel.
  6. Marine vessel according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric inboard motors (2) have one motor, using high-temperature superconduction (HTS) technology, per propeller, and with the HTS motor being connected to the propeller (20) via a short shaft and being arranged approximately in the area of the shaft tunnel under the marine vessel.
  7. Marine vessel according to Claim 6, characterized in that the HTS motor has a stator/rotor arrangement which can withstand shock loads as a unit and is mounted such that shocks are absorbed in the motor housing.
  8. Marine vessel according to Claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the motor housing is arranged such that it elastically absorbs shock loads.
  9. Marine vessel according to Claim 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that the HTS motor, or else a normal type of motor, is arranged in a motor cassette (32) which is mounted, in particular suspended, elastically.
  10. Marine vessel according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric motors (2, 30) in the skegs are in the form of tandem motors, in particular in the form of tandem propeller-shaft motors.
  11. Marine vessel according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the marine vessel has fuel-cell modules and internal combustion engines which are distributed in the marine-vessel hull and produce the energy which is required by the propulsion components.
  12. Marine vessel according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the internal combustion engines and, if appropriate, reformers for hydrogen production for the fuel-cell modules have reduced-pressure exhaust-gas outlet devices for their exhaust gases.
  13. Marine vessel according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the marine vessel has a standard AC supply network and a DC waterjet supply network, between which a switching coupling with a converter is arranged, in order to allow power to be transmitted from one network to the other network.
  14. Marine vessel according to one of the preceding Claims 1 to 5 and 7 to 13, characterized in that in addition to the inboard motors (33), the marine vessel has electric steering propellers (36), which are arranged behind the skegs (10).
  15. Marine vessel according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the marine vessel is a marine or navy ship naval vessel.
  16. Marine vessel according to one or more of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the marine vessel is a high-speed ferry or a luxury yacht.
  17. Marine vessel according to one or more of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the marine vessel is a container ship.
  18. Marine vessel according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by the use of a guide wedge (6) for the water in a flow channel in the area of the bottom of the ship in order to horizontally and vertically influence waterjet and/or propeller flows.
EP05742647A 2004-04-29 2005-04-14 Ship driven by inboard engines and water jets Not-in-force EP1740454B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102004021273 2004-04-29
PCT/DE2005/000670 WO2005105571A1 (en) 2004-04-29 2005-04-14 Ship driven by inboard engines and water jets

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EP1740454A1 EP1740454A1 (en) 2007-01-10
EP1740454B1 true EP1740454B1 (en) 2010-07-21

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EP (1) EP1740454B1 (en)
KR (1) KR101212623B1 (en)
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DE202009019046U1 (en) * 2009-06-15 2015-11-16 Peter Landers jun. Ship with a diesel-electric drive device
USD791678S1 (en) * 2015-08-20 2017-07-11 Abb Schweiz Ag Propulsion unit for ships and boats
WO2018026080A1 (en) * 2016-08-05 2018-02-08 주식회사 엑스팀오션 Jet drive
JP6246960B1 (en) * 2017-01-25 2017-12-13 三菱重工業株式会社 Ship propulsion device and ship

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DE31736C (en) * A. BEHNES in Osnabrück Innovation in the installation of screw propellers
US2692570A (en) * 1950-07-24 1954-10-26 Costa William Ship propulsion device combined with hull structure
US4548148A (en) * 1983-01-25 1985-10-22 Bloomfield Iii John W Glass bottom boat
US4550673A (en) * 1983-06-02 1985-11-05 Sigurdur Ingvason Hull construction for seagoing vessels
GB8401879D0 (en) * 1984-01-25 1984-02-29 Vickers Plc Vessel
DE3426333A1 (en) * 1984-07-17 1986-01-30 Blohm + Voss Ag, 2000 Hamburg DRIVE UNIT FOR SHIPS
GB2236717A (en) 1989-10-11 1991-04-17 David Laurent Giles Monohull fast sealift or semi-planing monohull ship
DE19514878C2 (en) * 1995-04-22 1997-07-10 Blohm Voss Ag Propeller drive for watercraft
DE10141893A1 (en) 2001-01-22 2002-08-22 Siemens Ag Fast military surface ship
US7061147B2 (en) * 2001-08-30 2006-06-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Superconducting electrical machines for use in navy ships
DE10224012A1 (en) * 2002-05-29 2003-12-11 Siemens Ag Propulsion system for a fast seagoing ship, in particular a marine (Navy) ship

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ATE474767T1 (en) 2010-08-15
WO2005105571A8 (en) 2010-08-05
EP1740454A1 (en) 2007-01-10
DE112005001628A5 (en) 2007-05-24
KR101212623B1 (en) 2012-12-14
ES2347666T3 (en) 2010-11-03
WO2005105571A1 (en) 2005-11-10
US20070232158A1 (en) 2007-10-04
KR20070010170A (en) 2007-01-22
US7537500B2 (en) 2009-05-26

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