EP1735206A1 - Method for permanently obturating holes, especially in metal sheets or plastic parts of automobile bodies - Google Patents

Method for permanently obturating holes, especially in metal sheets or plastic parts of automobile bodies

Info

Publication number
EP1735206A1
EP1735206A1 EP05747794A EP05747794A EP1735206A1 EP 1735206 A1 EP1735206 A1 EP 1735206A1 EP 05747794 A EP05747794 A EP 05747794A EP 05747794 A EP05747794 A EP 05747794A EP 1735206 A1 EP1735206 A1 EP 1735206A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hole
die
adhesive
foam body
cut
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05747794A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bernd Höwe
Frank Kolmorgen
Patrick Gehringer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tesa SE
Original Assignee
Tesa SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tesa SE filed Critical Tesa SE
Publication of EP1735206A1 publication Critical patent/EP1735206A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/24—Superstructure sub-units with access or drainage openings having movable or removable closures; Sealing means therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C44/12—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements
    • B29C44/18—Filling preformed cavities
    • B29C44/188—Sealing off parts of the cavities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/08—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/08—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation
    • B60R13/0892—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation for humidity insulation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J7/20—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
    • C09J7/21—Paper; Textile fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/08—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation
    • B60R13/0846—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation for duct, cable or rod passages, e.g. between engine and passenger compartments
    • B60R13/0853—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation for duct, cable or rod passages, e.g. between engine and passenger compartments specially adapted for movable parts, e.g. gears levers, pedals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J2301/10—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive tape or sheet
    • C09J2301/12—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive tape or sheet by the arrangement of layers
    • C09J2301/122—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive tape or sheet by the arrangement of layers the adhesive layer being present only on one side of the carrier, e.g. single-sided adhesive tape
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2400/00—Presence of inorganic and organic materials
    • C09J2400/20—Presence of organic materials
    • C09J2400/26—Presence of textile or fabric
    • C09J2400/263—Presence of textile or fabric in the substrate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2407/00—Presence of natural rubber

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for permanently closing holes, in particular in metal sheets or in plastic parts of automobile bodies.
  • holes of different sizes are created in many individual parts such as sheet metal or plastic during construction.
  • the diameter of the holes is usually between 10 and 50 mm.
  • many of these holes have to be sealed airtight and in particular watertight in order to prevent corrosion attacks by water or steam penetrating into the body through the uncovered holes.
  • plastic plugs are generally used to close body holes, which on the one hand do not securely close the hole in the individual case and on the other hand are comparatively complex and expensive to produce.
  • a special plug adapted to the hole size is required. This means a high logistical and administrative effort for the recipient of the plugs.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method which is suitable for permanently closing holes, in particular in metal sheets or in plastic parts of automobile bodies. Furthermore, it should be ensured that said holes are closed in such a way that moisture cannot pass through them, noise insulation is improved, and the holes are securely closed even in the event of stone chipping on the sub-floor or in the case of mechanical stresses in the interior, in particular in the floor area.
  • the invention relates to a method for permanently closing holes, in particular in sheet metal or in plastic parts of automobile bodies, by • an at least partially self-adhesive die-cut with a textile carrier in particular, the area of which is larger than the area of the hole to be closed, and in particular in the center is provided on the adhesive-equipped side with a non-foamed foam body, is fixed on the hole in such a way that the hole is completely covered by the die-cut and the foam body is located within the hole, • the die-cut with the foam body is heated in such a way that the foam body foams, • the heat is applied until the foamed foam body completely fills and / or covers the hole, • the foamed foam body cools and hardens.
  • the diecut is provided with adhesive over the entire area below the foam body.
  • the non-foamed foam body consists of polyurethane or particularly preferably of an EVA foam and / or has a thickness of 1.5 to 4 mm.
  • the vinyl acetate content in the EVA is advantageously about 5 to 20% by weight.
  • the EVA is extruded into a matrix and already contains a blowing agent before the punching process takes place in the shape of the foam body.
  • a typical size for the non-foamed foam body, with which many of the smaller holes can be closed, is a disk with a diameter of 10 to 30 mm, in particular 10 mm, which also has a thickness of 3 mm.
  • the carrier of the die-cut is provided with an adhesive coating made of natural rubber and / or on the side opposite the adhesive with a PVC or acrylic coating.
  • the adhesive force on steel is at least 5 N / 25 mm.
  • the carrier which in an advantageous development of the invention consists of an aluminum foil, a textile carrier or a plastic foil (for example PVC, PP, PET, PU), preferably has a thickness • between 30 and 120 ⁇ m for the aluminum foil, • between 180 and 300 ⁇ m for a textile backing and • between 30 and 300 ⁇ m for a film.
  • cotton fabric is used as the carrier material for the die-cut, which in particular has a mesh number of
  • the number of shots is 70 to 80 and / or the number of chains is 70 to
  • nonwoven fabrics such as woven fabrics, knitted fabrics or nonwovens can be used as the carrier material for the die-cut, wherein “nonwoven” is to be understood as meaning at least textile fabrics according to EN 29092 (1988), as well as stitch-bonded nonwovens and similar systems.
  • Spacer fabrics and knitted fabrics with lamination can also be used. Spacer fabrics of this type are disclosed in EP 0 071 212 B1. Spacer fabrics are mat-shaped laminated bodies with a cover layer made of a fiber or filament fleece, an underlay layer and individual or tufts of holding fibers present between these layers, which are needled distributed over the surface of the laminate body and connect the cover layer and the underlay layer to one another. According to EP 0 071 212 B1, particles of inert rock particles, such as sand, gravel or the like, are present in the holding fibers as an additional but not necessary feature. The holding fibers needled through the particle layer keep the cover layer and the underlay layer at a distance from one another and they are connected to the cover layer and the underlay layer.
  • nonwovens are staple fiber nonwovens, but also filament, meltblown and spunbonded nonwovens, which usually have to be additionally consolidated.
  • Mechanical, thermal and chemical bonding are known as possible bonding methods for nonwovens. If the fibers in mechanical strengthening are mostly held together mechanically by swirling the individual fibers, by meshing fiber bundles or by sewing in additional threads, adhesive methods (with binding agents) can be used by thermal and chemical processes. or achieve cohesive (binder-free) fiber-fiber bonds. With a suitable formulation and process control, these can be limited exclusively or at least predominantly to fiber nodes, so that a stable, three-dimensional network is nevertheless formed in the fleece while maintaining the loose, open structure.
  • Nonwovens have proven to be particularly advantageous, in particular they are consolidated by sewing on with separate threads or by stitching.
  • Such consolidated nonwovens are produced, for example, on sewing-knitting machines of the "Malivlies" type from Karl Meyer, formerly Malimo, and can be obtained from Naue Fasertechnik and Techtex GmbH, among others.
  • a Malivlies is characterized in that a cross-fiber fleece is formed by the formation of stitches Fibers of the nonwoven are consolidated.
  • a Kunitviies or multiknit nonwoven can also be used as a carrier.
  • a Kunitviies is characterized in that it results from the processing of a longitudinally oriented nonwoven into a flat structure that has stitches on one side and meshes on the other Has mesh webs or poly fiber folds, but has neither threads nor prefabricated flat structures.
  • Such a fleece has also been produced for a long time, for example, on sewing-knitting machines of the "Kunitviies” type from Karl Mayer. Another characteristic feature of this fleece is that it can absorb high tensile forces in the longitudinal direction as a longitudinal fiber fleece.
  • a multi-knit fleece is distinguished from the Kunitviies in that the fleece is strengthened by both-sided piercing with needles on both the top and the bottom.
  • Nahviiese are also suitable as a preliminary product to form a diecut to be used according to the invention.
  • a sewing fleece is formed from a fleece material with a plurality of seams running parallel to one another. These seams are created by sewing or sewing continuous textile threads. Sewing-knitting machines of the "Maliwatt" type from Karl Mayer, formerly Malimo, are known for this type of fleece.
  • polyester, polypropylene, viscose, rayon or cotton fibers are provided as starting materials for the textile backing.
  • the present invention is not limited to the materials mentioned, but can, for A person skilled in the art recognizes that a large number of additional fibers are used to produce the nonwoven without having to act according to the invention.
  • a fogging-free die-cut comprising a fogging-free carrier onto which a fogging-free, pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied at least on one side, is particularly advantageous for the inventive idea.
  • various polymer systems can be selected as adhesives, natural or synthetic rubber and acrylate systems in particular having proven to be advantageous if their adhesive properties and temperature resistance meet the requirements.
  • An adhesive based on an acrylate hotmelt is suitable which has a K value of at least 20, in particular greater than 30 (measured in each case in a 1% strength by weight solution in toluene, 25 ° C.), obtainable by concentrating a solution of such Mass to a system that can be processed as a hot melt.
  • Concentration can take place in suitably equipped kettles or extruders, particularly in the case of the associated degassing, a degassing extruder is preferred.
  • the K value is determined in particular in analogy to DIN 53 726.
  • an adhesive which consists of the group of natural rubbers or synthetic rubbers or of any blend of natural rubbers and / or synthetic rubbers, the natural rubber or natural rubbers basically having all available qualities such as crepe, RSS, ADS -, TSR or CV types, depending on the required level of purity and viscosity, and the synthetic rubber or synthetic rubbers from the group of randomly copolymerized styrene-butadiene rubbers (SBR), butadiene rubbers (BR), synthetic polyisoprene ( IR), the butyl rubbers (IIR), the halogenated butyl Rubbers (XIIR), acrylate rubbers (ACM), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers (EVA) and polyurethanes and / or their blends can be selected.
  • SBR randomly copolymerized styrene-butadiene rubbers
  • BR butadiene rubbers
  • IR synthetic polyisoprene
  • IIR butyl rubbers
  • thermoplastic elastomers with a weight fraction of 10 to 50% by weight to the rubbers to improve the processability, based on the total elastomer fraction.
  • SIS styrene-isoprene-styrene
  • SBS styrene-butadiene-styrene
  • the die-cut is preferably foamed by supplying heat during the customary painting process of the body-in-white, in particular during the painting or KTL drying. In this way, no additional work step is required. Due to the required heating of the body during said drying processes, there is sufficient energy to foam the foam body. Alternatively, foaming is possible by local energy supply using heat or infrared radiators.
  • the method according to the invention is superior to the solutions known from the prior art, especially in the case of increased mechanical stress. The same applies when considering noise reduction.
  • a single embodiment of the die cut can cover a multiplicity of holes of different sizes.
  • the method for permanently closing holes in particular in sheet metal or in plastic parts of automobile bodies, is to be explained in more detail with reference to two figures, without being intended to have any restrictive effect.
  • Figure 2 shows the state after the hole is closed by foaming the die cut.
  • a hole 2 is present in the body 1 for constructional reasons and must be closed.
  • a die-cut part which is partially self-adhesive on one side, is fixed on the hole 2 with a textile carrier 4, the area of which is larger than the area of the hole 2 to be closed, in such a way that the hole 2 is completely covered by the die-cut part.
  • the non-foamed EVA foam body 5 is located in the center of the die-cut, specifically on the adhesive-finished side. This EVA foam body 5 is arranged centrally within the hole 2.
  • the adhesive 3 is applied over the entire surface of the diecut, and the area below the EVA foam body 5 is also coated.
  • the EVA foam body 5 By heating the EVA foam body 5 to preferably 160 ° C., it foams, which leads to a considerable spatial expansion of the same.
  • the EVA foam body 5 is foamed by supplying heat during the customary painting process of the body-in-white, in particular during the painting or KTL drying.
  • the EVA foam body 5 foams, so that the hole 2 is completely filled by the foamed EVA foam body 6 and thus covered becomes. After cooling, the foamed EVA foam body 6 hardens and in this way closes off the hole 2 in an airtight, watertight and noise-absorbing manner.
  • Figure 2 shows the state after heat has been applied to the diecut.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for permanently obturating holes, especially in metal sheets or plastic parts of automobile bodies. The inventive method is characterized by using a punched article which is at least partially provided on one side with an adhesive material and includes an especially textile support whose surface is greater than the surface of the hole to be obturated and which is especially provided with a non-expanded expandable body in the center of the adhesive side. The punched article is fixed on the hole together with the support in such a manner that the hole is completely covered by the punched article and the expandable body comes to rest inside the hole. The punched article and the expandable body are heated to such an extent that the expandable body expands, heat is supplied until the expanded expandable body completely fills and/or covers the hole, and the expanded expandable body cools off and cures.

Description

tesa Aktiengesellschaft Hamburg tesa Aktiengesellschaft Hamburg
Beschreibungdescription
Verfahren zum dauerhaften Verschließen von Löchern insbesondere in Blechen oder in Kunststoffteilen von AutomobilkarosserienProcess for permanently closing holes, in particular in sheet metal or in plastic parts of automobile bodies
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum dauerhaften Verschließen von Löchern insbesondere in Blechen oder in Kunststoffteilen von Automobilkarosserien.The present invention relates to a method for permanently closing holes, in particular in metal sheets or in plastic parts of automobile bodies.
Bei der Produktion von modernen Automobilen ist es unumgänglich, dass während des Zusammenbaus in vielen einzelnen Teilen wie Bleche oder Kunststoffteile unterschiedlich große Löcher konstruktiv bedingt entstehen. Üblicherweise liegen die Durchmesser der Löcher zwischen 10 und 50 mm. Viele dieser Löcher müssen im späteren Prozess wieder luft- und insbesondere wasserdicht verschlossen werden, um Korrossionsangriffe zu unterbinden, indem Wasser oder Wasserdampf durch die nicht abgedeckten Löcher in die Karosserie eindringt. Daneben besteht die Anforderung, durch das Verschließen der Löcher die Geräuschdämmung des Passagierinnenraums erheblich zu verbessern.In the production of modern automobiles, it is inevitable that holes of different sizes are created in many individual parts such as sheet metal or plastic during construction. The diameter of the holes is usually between 10 and 50 mm. In the later process, many of these holes have to be sealed airtight and in particular watertight in order to prevent corrosion attacks by water or steam penetrating into the body through the uncovered holes. There is also the requirement to significantly improve the noise insulation of the passenger interior by closing the holes.
Momentan werden zum Verschließen von Karroserielochern in der Regel Kunststoffstöpsel verwendet, die zum einen im Einzelfall nicht sicher das Loch verschließen und zum anderen vergleichsweise aufwändig und teuer herzustellen sind. Für jede Lochgröße ist ein spezieller, auf die Lochgröße angepaßter Stöpsel erforderlich. Die bedeutet hohen logistischen und verwaltungstechnischen Aufwand für den Abnehmer der Stöpsel.At the moment, plastic plugs are generally used to close body holes, which on the one hand do not securely close the hole in the individual case and on the other hand are comparatively complex and expensive to produce. For each hole size, a special plug adapted to the hole size is required. This means a high logistical and administrative effort for the recipient of the plugs.
Somit müssen an der Produktionslinie eine große Anzahl von Stöpseln verschiedener Größen in jeweils zugeordneten Lagerkästen vorgehalten werden. Des weiteren eignen sich zu diesem Zweck Klebebänder, die angepaßt auf die Lochgröße abgelängt oder gestanzt werden. Aber auch Klebebänder werden den im Markt steigenden Anforderungen nicht immer gerecht.This means that a large number of plugs of different sizes must be kept on the production line in the associated storage boxes. Also suitable for this purpose are adhesive tapes which are cut to length or punched to match the hole size. But adhesive tapes do not always meet the increasing demands in the market.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist, ein Verfahren zur Verfügung zu stellen, dass zum dauerhaften Verschließen von Löchern insbesondere in Blechen oder in Kunststoffteilen von Automobilkarosserien geeignet ist. Des weiteren soll gewährleistet sein, dass besagte Löcher derart verschlossen sind, dass ein Durchtritt von Feuchtigkeit ausge- schlössen ist, die Geräuschdämmung verbessert wird, die Löcher auch bei Steinschlag am Unterboden beziehungsweise bei mechanischen Beanspruchungen im Innenraum, insbesondere im Bodenbereich, sicher verschlossen sind.The object of the present invention is to provide a method which is suitable for permanently closing holes, in particular in metal sheets or in plastic parts of automobile bodies. Furthermore, it should be ensured that said holes are closed in such a way that moisture cannot pass through them, noise insulation is improved, and the holes are securely closed even in the event of stone chipping on the sub-floor or in the case of mechanical stresses in the interior, in particular in the floor area.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren, wie es im Hauptanspruch niedergelegt ist. Gegenstand der Unteransprüche sind vorteilhafte Weiterentwicklungen des Erfindungsgegenstandes.This problem is solved by a method as set out in the main claim. The subclaims relate to advantageous developments of the subject matter of the invention.
Demgemäß betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum dauerhaften Verschließen von Löchern insbesondere in Blechen oder in Kunststoffteilen von Automobilkarosserien, indem • ein zumindest partiell einseitig selbstklebend ausgerüsteter Stanzling mit einem insbesondere textilen Träger, dessen Fläche größer als die Fläche des zu verschließenden Loches ist und der insbesondere mittig auf der klebend ausgerüs- teten Seite mit einem nicht aufgeschäumten Schaumkörper versehen ist, derart auf dem Loch fixiert wird, dass das Loch vollständig vom Stanzling abgedeckt ist und sich der Schaumkörper innerhalb des Loches befindet, • der Stanzling mit dem Schaumkörper derart erwärmt wird, dass der Schaumkörper aufschäumt, • die Wärmezufuhr solange erfolgt, bis der aufgeschäumte Schaumkörper das Loch vollständig ausfüllt und/oder abdeckt, • der aufgeschäumte Schaumkörper abkühlt und aushärtet. In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist der Stanzling unterhalb des Schaumkörpers vollflächig mit Klebemasse versehen.Accordingly, the invention relates to a method for permanently closing holes, in particular in sheet metal or in plastic parts of automobile bodies, by • an at least partially self-adhesive die-cut with a textile carrier in particular, the area of which is larger than the area of the hole to be closed, and in particular in the center is provided on the adhesive-equipped side with a non-foamed foam body, is fixed on the hole in such a way that the hole is completely covered by the die-cut and the foam body is located within the hole, • the die-cut with the foam body is heated in such a way that the foam body foams, • the heat is applied until the foamed foam body completely fills and / or covers the hole, • the foamed foam body cools and hardens. In an advantageous embodiment, the diecut is provided with adhesive over the entire area below the foam body.
Weiter vorzugsweise besteht der ungeschäumte Schaumkörper aus Polyurethan oder besonders bevorzugt aus einem EVA-Schaumstoff und/oder weist eine Dicke auf 1,5 bis 4 mm.More preferably, the non-foamed foam body consists of polyurethane or particularly preferably of an EVA foam and / or has a thickness of 1.5 to 4 mm.
Der Vinylacetatgehalt im EVA liegt vorteilhaft bei ungefähr 5 bis 20 Gew.-%. Das EVA ist zu einer Matrix extrudiert und enthält bereits ein Treibmittel, bevor der Stanzvorgang in die Form des Schaumkörpers erfolgt.The vinyl acetate content in the EVA is advantageously about 5 to 20% by weight. The EVA is extruded into a matrix and already contains a blowing agent before the punching process takes place in the shape of the foam body.
Eine typische Größe für den ungeschäumten Schaumkörper, mit dem viele der kleineren Löcher verschlossen werden können, stellt eine Scheibe mit einem Durchmesser von 10 bis 30 mm, insbesondere 10 mm dar, die darüber hinaus eine Dicke von 3 mm aufweist.A typical size for the non-foamed foam body, with which many of the smaller holes can be closed, is a disk with a diameter of 10 to 30 mm, in particular 10 mm, which also has a thickness of 3 mm.
Der Träger des Stanzlings ist einer weiteren vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung mit einer Klebebeschichtung aus Naturkautschuk und/oder auf der der Klebemasse gegenüberliegenden Seite mit einer PVC- oder Acrylbeschichtung versehen.In another advantageous development of the invention, the carrier of the die-cut is provided with an adhesive coating made of natural rubber and / or on the side opposite the adhesive with a PVC or acrylic coating.
Weiter vorzugsweise beträgt die Klebkraft auf Stahl mindestens 5 N/25 mm.More preferably, the adhesive force on steel is at least 5 N / 25 mm.
Der Träger, der in einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung aus einer Aluminiumfolie, einem textilen Träger oder einer Kunststofffolie (beispielsweise PVC, PP, PET, PU) besteht, weist vorzugsweise eine Dicke auf • zwischen 30 und 120 μm bei der Aluminiumfolie, • zwischen 180 und 300 μm bei einem textilen Träger und • zwischen 30 und 300 μm bei einer Folie.The carrier, which in an advantageous development of the invention consists of an aluminum foil, a textile carrier or a plastic foil (for example PVC, PP, PET, PU), preferably has a thickness • between 30 and 120 μm for the aluminum foil, • between 180 and 300 μm for a textile backing and • between 30 and 300 μm for a film.
Als Trägermaterial für den Stanzling werden in einer besonders vorteilhaften Weiterfüh- rung der Erfindung Baumwollgewebe verwendet, das insbesondere eine mesh-Zahl vonIn a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, cotton fabric is used as the carrier material for the die-cut, which in particular has a mesh number of
140 bis 160, bevorzugt 148 (bedeutet eine Fadenzahl in Kette (warp) von 74 und in140 to 160, preferably 148 (means a warp thread count of 74 and in
Schuss (wreft) von 74) aufweist.Shot (throws) of 74).
Weiter vorzugsweise betragen die Schusszahl 70 bis 80 und/oder die Kettenzahl 70 bisMore preferably, the number of shots is 70 to 80 and / or the number of chains is 70 to
80. Als Trägermaterial für den Stanzling können alle bekannten textilen Träger wie Gewebe, Gewirke oder Vliese verwendet werden, wobei unter „Vlies" zumindest textile Flächengebilde gemäß EN 29092 (1988) sowie Nähwirkvliese und ähnliche Systeme zu verstehen sind.80th All known textile supports such as woven fabrics, knitted fabrics or nonwovens can be used as the carrier material for the die-cut, wherein “nonwoven” is to be understood as meaning at least textile fabrics according to EN 29092 (1988), as well as stitch-bonded nonwovens and similar systems.
Ebenfalls können Abstandsgewebe und -gewirke mit Kaschierung verwendet werden. Derartige Abstandsgewebe werden in der EP 0 071 212 B1 offenbart. Abstandsgewebe sind mattenförmige Schichtkörper mit einer Deckschicht aus einem Faser- oder Filament- vlies, einer Unterlagsschicht und zwischen diesen Schichten vorhandene einzelne oder Büschel von Haltefasern, die über die Fläche des Schichtkörpers verteilt durch die Partikelschicht hindurchgenadelt sind und die Deckschicht und die Unterlagsschicht untereinander verbinden. Als zusätzliches, aber nicht erforderliches Merkmal sind gemäß EP 0 071 212 B1 in den Haltefasern Partikel aus inerten Gesteinspartikeln, wie zum Beispiel Sand, Kies oder dergleichen, vorhanden. Die durch die Partikel Schicht hindurch genadelten Haltefasern halten die Deckschicht und die Unterlagsschicht in einem Abstand voneinander und sie sind mit der Deckschicht und der Unterlagsschicht verbunden.Spacer fabrics and knitted fabrics with lamination can also be used. Spacer fabrics of this type are disclosed in EP 0 071 212 B1. Spacer fabrics are mat-shaped laminated bodies with a cover layer made of a fiber or filament fleece, an underlay layer and individual or tufts of holding fibers present between these layers, which are needled distributed over the surface of the laminate body and connect the cover layer and the underlay layer to one another. According to EP 0 071 212 B1, particles of inert rock particles, such as sand, gravel or the like, are present in the holding fibers as an additional but not necessary feature. The holding fibers needled through the particle layer keep the cover layer and the underlay layer at a distance from one another and they are connected to the cover layer and the underlay layer.
Abstandsgewebe oder -gewirke sind u. a. in zwei Artikeln beschrieben, und zwar einem Artikel aus der Fachzeitschrift "kettenwirk-praxis 3/93", 1993, Seiten 59 bis 63 -Raschelgewirkte Abstandsgewirke" und einem Artikel aus der Fachzeitschrift "kettenwirk-praxis 1/94", 1994, Seiten 73 bis 76 „Raschelgewirkte Abstandsgewirke" auf deren Inhalt hiermit Bezug genommen wird und deren Inhalt Teil dieser Offenbarung und Erfindung wird.Spacer fabrics or knits are u. a. described in two articles, namely an article from the specialist journal "ketten Wirk-praxis 3/93", 1993, pages 59 to 63 -Raschelgewnitted spacer fabrics "and an article from the specialist journal" ketten Wirk-praxis 1/94 ", 1994, pages 73 to 76 "knitted spacer fabrics", the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference and the content of which forms part of this disclosure and invention.
Als Vliesstoffe kommen besonders verfestigte Stapelfaservliese, jedoch auch Filament-, Meltblown- sowie Spinnvliese in Frage, die meist zusätzlich zu verfestigen sind. Als mögliche Verfestigungsmethoden sind für Vliese die mechanische, die thermische sowie die chemische Verfestigung bekannt. Werden bei mechanischen Verfestigungen die Fasern meist durch Verwirbelung der Einzelfasern, durch Vermaschung von Faserbündeln oder durch Einnähen von zusätzlichen Fäden rein mechanisch zusammengehalten, so lassen sich durch thermische als auch durch chemische Verfahren adhäsive (mit Bindemittel) oder kohäsive (bindemittelfrei) Faser-Faser-Bindungen erzielen. Diese lassen sich bei geeigneter Rezeptierung und Prozessführung ausschließlich oder zumindest überwiegend auf Faserknotenpunkte beschränken, so dass unter Erhalt der lockeren, offenen Struktur im Vlies trotzdem ein stabiles, dreidimensionales Netzwerk gebildet wird.Particularly suitable nonwovens are staple fiber nonwovens, but also filament, meltblown and spunbonded nonwovens, which usually have to be additionally consolidated. Mechanical, thermal and chemical bonding are known as possible bonding methods for nonwovens. If the fibers in mechanical strengthening are mostly held together mechanically by swirling the individual fibers, by meshing fiber bundles or by sewing in additional threads, adhesive methods (with binding agents) can be used by thermal and chemical processes. or achieve cohesive (binder-free) fiber-fiber bonds. With a suitable formulation and process control, these can be limited exclusively or at least predominantly to fiber nodes, so that a stable, three-dimensional network is nevertheless formed in the fleece while maintaining the loose, open structure.
Besonders vorteilhaft haben sich Vliese erwiesen, die insbesondere durch ein Übernähen mit separaten Fäden oder durch ein Vermaschen verfestigt sind.Nonwovens have proven to be particularly advantageous, in particular they are consolidated by sewing on with separate threads or by stitching.
Derartige verfestigte Vliese werden beispielsweise auf Nähwirkmaschinen des Typs „Malivlies" der Firma Karl Meyer, ehemals Malimo, hergestellt und sind unter anderem bei den Firmen Naue Fasertechnik und Techtex GmbH beziehbar. Ein Malivlies ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Querfaservlies durch die Bildung von Maschen aus Fasern des Vlieses verfestigt wird. Als Träger kann weiterhin ein Vlies vom Typ Kunitviies oder Multiknitvlies verwendet wer- den. Ein Kunitviies ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es aus der Verarbeitung eines längsorientierten Faservlieses zu einem Flächengebilde hervorgeht, das auf einer Seite Maschen und auf der anderen Maschenstege oder Polfaser-Falten aufweist, aber weder Fäden noch vorgefertigte Flächengebilde besitzt. Auch ein derartiges Vlies wird beispielsweise auf Nähwirkmaschinen des Typs „Kunitviies" der Firma Karl Mayer schon seit längerer Zeit hergestellt. Ein weiteres kennzeichnendes Merkmal dieses Vlieses besteht darin, dass es als Längsfaservlies in Längsrichtung hohe Zugkräfte aufnehmen kann. Ein Multiknitvlies ist gegenüber dem Kunitviies dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Vlies durch das beidseitige Durchstechen mit Nadeln sowohl auf der Ober- als auch auf der Unterseite eine Verfestigung erfährt. Schließlich sind auch Nahviiese als Vorprodukt geeignet, einen erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Stanzling zu bilden. Ein Nähvlies wird aus einem Vliesmaterial mit einer Vielzahl parallel zueinander verlaufender Nähte gebildet. Diese Nähte entstehen durch das Einnähen oder Nähwirken von durchgehenden textilen Fäden. Für diesen Typ Vlies sind Nähwirkmaschinen des Typs „Maliwatt" der Firma Karl Mayer, ehemals Malimo, bekannt.Such consolidated nonwovens are produced, for example, on sewing-knitting machines of the "Malivlies" type from Karl Meyer, formerly Malimo, and can be obtained from Naue Fasertechnik and Techtex GmbH, among others. A Malivlies is characterized in that a cross-fiber fleece is formed by the formation of stitches Fibers of the nonwoven are consolidated. A Kunitviies or multiknit nonwoven can also be used as a carrier. A Kunitviies is characterized in that it results from the processing of a longitudinally oriented nonwoven into a flat structure that has stitches on one side and meshes on the other Has mesh webs or poly fiber folds, but has neither threads nor prefabricated flat structures. Such a fleece has also been produced for a long time, for example, on sewing-knitting machines of the "Kunitviies" type from Karl Mayer. Another characteristic feature of this fleece is that it can absorb high tensile forces in the longitudinal direction as a longitudinal fiber fleece. A multi-knit fleece is distinguished from the Kunitviies in that the fleece is strengthened by both-sided piercing with needles on both the top and the bottom. Finally, Nahviiese are also suitable as a preliminary product to form a diecut to be used according to the invention. A sewing fleece is formed from a fleece material with a plurality of seams running parallel to one another. These seams are created by sewing or sewing continuous textile threads. Sewing-knitting machines of the "Maliwatt" type from Karl Mayer, formerly Malimo, are known for this type of fleece.
Als Ausgangsmaterialien für den textilen Träger sind insbesondere Polyester-, Polypropylen-, Viskose-, Zellwoll- oder Baumwollfasern vorgesehen. Die vorliegende Erfindung ist aber nicht auf die genannten Materialien beschränkt, sondern es können, für den Fachmann erkenntlich ohne erfinderisch tätig werden zu müssen, eine Vielzahl weiterer Fasern zur Herstellung des Vlieses eingesetzt werden.In particular, polyester, polypropylene, viscose, rayon or cotton fibers are provided as starting materials for the textile backing. However, the present invention is not limited to the materials mentioned, but can, for A person skilled in the art recognizes that a large number of additional fibers are used to produce the nonwoven without having to act according to the invention.
Insbesondere vorteilhaft für den erfindungsgemäßen Gedanken ist ein foggingfreier Stanzling, umfassend einen foggingfreien Träger auf den zumindest einseitig eine foggingfreie, druckempfindliche Klebemasse aufgetragen ist.A fogging-free die-cut, comprising a fogging-free carrier onto which a fogging-free, pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied at least on one side, is particularly advantageous for the inventive idea.
Als Klebemassen können prinzipiell verschiedene Polymersysteme gewählt werden, wobei sich besonders Natur- oder Synthesekautschuk- sowie Acrylatsysteme als vorteilhaft erwiesen haben, wenn ihre Klebeigenschaften und Temperaturbeständigkeiten den Anforderungen entsprechen.In principle, various polymer systems can be selected as adhesives, natural or synthetic rubber and acrylate systems in particular having proven to be advantageous if their adhesive properties and temperature resistance meet the requirements.
Als Klebemasse ist eine solche auf Acrylathotmelt-Basis geeignet, die einen K-Wert von mindestens 20 aufweist, insbesondere größer 30 (gemessen jeweils in 1 Gew.-%iger Lösung in Toluol, 25 °C), erhältlich durch Aufkonzentrieren einer Lösung einer solchen Masse zu einem als Hotmelt verarbeitbaren System.An adhesive based on an acrylate hotmelt is suitable which has a K value of at least 20, in particular greater than 30 (measured in each case in a 1% strength by weight solution in toluene, 25 ° C.), obtainable by concentrating a solution of such Mass to a system that can be processed as a hot melt.
Das Aufkonzentrieren kann in entsprechend ausgerüsteten Kesseln oder Extrudern stattfinden, insbesondere beim damit einhergehenden Entgasen ist ein Entgasungs-Extruder bevorzugt.Concentration can take place in suitably equipped kettles or extruders, particularly in the case of the associated degassing, a degassing extruder is preferred.
Eine derartige Klebemasse ist in der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 43 13 008 C2 dargelegt. Diesen auf diesem Wege hergestellten Acrylatmassen wird in einem Zwischenschritt das Lösungsmittel vollständig entzogen.Such an adhesive is set out in German patent application DE 43 13 008 C2. In an intermediate step, the solvent is completely removed from these acrylic masses produced in this way.
Der K-Wert wird dabei insbesondere bestimmt in Analogie zu DIN 53 726.The K value is determined in particular in analogy to DIN 53 726.
Weiterhin kann eine Klebemasse verwendet werden, die aus der Gruppe der Naturkautschuke oder der Synthesekautschuke oder aus einem beliebigen Blend aus Naturkautschuken und/oder Synthesekautschuken besteht, wobei der Naturkautschuk oder die Naturkautschuke grundsätzlich aus allen erhältlichen Qualitäten wie zum Beispiel Crepe-, RSS-, ADS-, TSR- oder CV-Typen, je nach benötigtem Reinheits- und Viskositätsniveau, und der Synthesekautschuk oder die Synthesekautschuke aus der Gruppe der statistisch copolymerisierten Styrol-Butadien-Kautschuke (SBR), der Butadien-Kautschuke (BR), der synthetischen Polyisoprene (IR), der Butyl-Kautschuke (IIR), der halogenierten Butyl- Kautschuke (XIIR), der Acrylatkautschuke (ACM), der Etylen-Vinylacetat-Copolymeren (EVA) und der Polyurethane und/oder deren Blends gewählt werden können.Furthermore, an adhesive can be used which consists of the group of natural rubbers or synthetic rubbers or of any blend of natural rubbers and / or synthetic rubbers, the natural rubber or natural rubbers basically having all available qualities such as crepe, RSS, ADS -, TSR or CV types, depending on the required level of purity and viscosity, and the synthetic rubber or synthetic rubbers from the group of randomly copolymerized styrene-butadiene rubbers (SBR), butadiene rubbers (BR), synthetic polyisoprene ( IR), the butyl rubbers (IIR), the halogenated butyl Rubbers (XIIR), acrylate rubbers (ACM), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers (EVA) and polyurethanes and / or their blends can be selected.
Weiterhin vorzugsweise können den Kautschuken zur Verbesserung der Verarbeitbarkeit thermoplastische Elastomere mit einem Gewichtsanteil von 10 bis 50 Gew.-% zugesetzt werden, und zwar bezogen auf den Gesamtelastomeranteil.It is further preferred to add thermoplastic elastomers with a weight fraction of 10 to 50% by weight to the rubbers to improve the processability, based on the total elastomer fraction.
Stellvertretend genannt seien an dieser Stelle vor allem die besonders verträglichen Sty- rol-lsopren-Styrol- (SIS) und Styrol-Butadien-Styrol (SBS) -Typen.The particularly compatible types of styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS) and styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) are particularly representative here.
Als klebrigmachende Harze sind ausnahmslos alle vorbekannten und in der Literatur beschriebenen Klebharze einsetzbar. Genannt seien stellvertretend die Kolophoniumharze, deren disproportionierte, hydrierte, polymerisierte, veresterte Derivate und Salze, die aliphatischen und aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffharze, Terpenharze und Terpen- phenolharze. Beliebige Kombinationen dieser und weiterer Harze können eingesetzt werden, um die Eigenschaften der resultierenden Klebmasse wunschgemäß einzustellen. Auf die Darstellung des Wissensstandes im „Handbook of Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Technology" von Donatas Satas (van Nostrand, 1989) sei ausdrücklich hingewiesen.All of the known adhesive resins described in the literature can be used as tackifying resins without exception. Representative are the rosins, their disproportionated, hydrogenated, polymerized, esterified derivatives and salts, the aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon resins, terpene resins and terpene-phenolic resins. Any combination of these and other resins can be used to adjust the properties of the resulting adhesive as desired. Attention is drawn to the presentation of the state of knowledge in the "Handbook of Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Technology" by Donatas Satas (van Nostrand, 1989).
Vorzugsweise erfolgt die Aufschäumung des Stanzlings durch Wärmezufuhr während des üblichen Lackierprozesses der Rohkarosserie, insbesondere während der Lackieroder KTL-Trocknung. Auf diese Weise ist kein zusätzlicher Arbeitsgang erforderlich. Aufgrund der erforderlichen Erwärmung der Karosserie während der besagten Trocknungsprozesse ist genügend Energie vorhanden, die Schaumkörper aufzuschäumen. Alternativ ist eine Aufschäumung durch eine lokale Energiezufuhr durch Wärme- oder Infrarotstrahler möglich.The die-cut is preferably foamed by supplying heat during the customary painting process of the body-in-white, in particular during the painting or KTL drying. In this way, no additional work step is required. Due to the required heating of the body during said drying processes, there is sufficient energy to foam the foam body. Alternatively, foaming is possible by local energy supply using heat or infrared radiators.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist besonders bei erhöhter mechanischer Beanspruchung den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Lösungen überlegen. Das gleiche gilt bei Betrachtung der Geräuschdämpfung. Die Geräuschdämpfung und dieThe method according to the invention is superior to the solutions known from the prior art, especially in the case of increased mechanical stress. The same applies when considering noise reduction. The noise reduction and the
Festigkeit werden durch die Kombination eines klebendenden Stanzlings mit einemStrength is achieved through the combination of an adhesive die-cut with a
Schaum massiv verbessert.Massively improved foam.
Des weiteren kann eine einzige Ausführungsform des Stanzlings eine Vielzahl von Löchern unterschiedlicher Größe abdecken. Im Folgenden soll anhand von zwei Figuren das Verfahren zum dauerhaften Verschließen von Löchern insbesondere in Blechen oder in Kunststoffteilen von Automobilkarosse- rien näher erläutert werden, ohne in irgendeiner Form einschränkend wirken zu sollen.Furthermore, a single embodiment of the die cut can cover a multiplicity of holes of different sizes. In the following, the method for permanently closing holes, in particular in sheet metal or in plastic parts of automobile bodies, is to be explained in more detail with reference to two figures, without being intended to have any restrictive effect.
Es zeigenShow it
Figur 1 den Zustand, bevor durch Wärmeeinwirkung das zu verschließende Loch eingekapselt wird, und1 shows the state before the hole to be closed is encapsulated by the action of heat, and
Figur 2 den Zustand, nachdem durch Aufschäumung des Stanzlings das Loch verschlossen ist.Figure 2 shows the state after the hole is closed by foaming the die cut.
In der Karosserie 1 ist ein Loch 2 konstruktiv bedingt vorhanden, das es zu verschließen gilt.A hole 2 is present in the body 1 for constructional reasons and must be closed.
Hierzu wird ein partiell einseitig selbstklebend ausgerüsteter Stanzling mit einem textilen Träger 4, dessen Fläche größer als die Fläche des zu verschließenden Loches 2 ist, der- art auf dem Loch 2 fixiert, dass das Loch 2 vollständig vom Stanzling abgedeckt ist.For this purpose, a die-cut part, which is partially self-adhesive on one side, is fixed on the hole 2 with a textile carrier 4, the area of which is larger than the area of the hole 2 to be closed, in such a way that the hole 2 is completely covered by the die-cut part.
Mittig auf dem Stanzling, und zwar auf der klebend ausgerüsteten Seite, befindet sich der nicht aufgeschäumte EVA-Schaumkörper 5. Dieser EVA-Schaumkörper 5 ist innerhalb des Loches 2 mittig angeordnet.The non-foamed EVA foam body 5 is located in the center of the die-cut, specifically on the adhesive-finished side. This EVA foam body 5 is arranged centrally within the hole 2.
Auf dem Stanzling ist der Kleber 3 vollflächig aufgetragen, auch der Bereich unterhalb des EVA-Schaumkörpers 5 ist beschichtet.The adhesive 3 is applied over the entire surface of the diecut, and the area below the EVA foam body 5 is also coated.
Durch die Erwärmung des EVA-Schaumkörpers 5 auf bevorzugt 160 ÖC schäumt dieser auf, was zu einer erheblichen räumlichen Ausdehnung desselben führt.By heating the EVA foam body 5 to preferably 160 ° C., it foams, which leads to a considerable spatial expansion of the same.
Die Aufschäumung des EVA-Schaumkörpers 5 erfolgt durch Wärmezufuhr während des üblichen Lackierprozesses der Rohkarosserie, insbesondere während der Lackier- oder KTL-Trocknung. Dabei schäumt der EVA-Schaumkörper 5 auf, so dass das Loch 2 durch den aufgeschäumten EVA-Schaumkörper 6 vollständig ausgefüllt und somit abgedeckt wird. Nach dem Abkühlen erhärtet der aufgeschäumte EVA-Schaumkörper 6 und schließt auf diese Weise das Loch 2 luft- und wasserdicht sowie geräuschdämpfend ab.The EVA foam body 5 is foamed by supplying heat during the customary painting process of the body-in-white, in particular during the painting or KTL drying. The EVA foam body 5 foams, so that the hole 2 is completely filled by the foamed EVA foam body 6 and thus covered becomes. After cooling, the foamed EVA foam body 6 hardens and in this way closes off the hole 2 in an airtight, watertight and noise-absorbing manner.
Figur 2 zeigt den Zustand, nachdem der Stanzling mit Wärme beaufschlagt worden ist. Figure 2 shows the state after heat has been applied to the diecut.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zum dauerhaften Verschließen von Löchern insbesondere in Blechen oder in Kunststoffteilen von Automobilkarosserien, indem ein zumindest partiell einseitig selbstklebend ausgerüsteter Stanzling mit einem insbesondere textilen Träger, dessen Fläche größer als die Fläche des zu verschließenden Loches ist und der insbesondere mittig auf der klebend ausgerüsteten Seite mit einem nicht aufgeschäumten Schaumkörper versehen ist, derart auf dem Loch fixiert wird, dass das Loch vollständig vom Stanzling abgedeckt ist und sich der Schaum- körper innerhalb des Loches befindet, der Stanzling mit dem Schaumkörper derart erwärmt wird, dass der Schaumkörper aufschäumt, die Wärmezufuhr solange erfolgt, bis der aufgeschäumte Schaumkörper das Loch vollständig ausfüllt und/oder abdeckt, der aufgeschäumte Schaumkörper abkühlt und aushärtet.1. A method for permanently closing holes, in particular in sheet metal or in plastic parts of automobile bodies, by using a die-cut piece which is at least partially self-adhesive on one side and has a textile carrier in particular, the area of which is larger than the area of the hole to be closed and which is in particular centrally provided on the adhesive Side is provided with a non-foamed foam body, is fixed on the hole in such a way that the hole is completely covered by the die-cut and the foam body is within the hole, the die-cut is heated with the foam body in such a way that the foam body foams up Heat is supplied until the foamed foam body completely fills and / or covers the hole, and the foamed body cools and hardens.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Stanzling unterhalb des Schaumkörpers vollflächig mit Klebmasse versehen ist.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the die-cut is provided with adhesive over the entire surface below the foam body.
3. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der unge- schäumte Schaumkörper besteht aus Polyurethan oder insbesondere EVA-Schaumstoff und/oder eine Dicke aufweist von 1,5 bis 4 mm.3. The method according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the non-foamed foam body consists of polyurethane or in particular EVA foam and / or has a thickness of 1.5 to 4 mm.
4. Verfahren nach zumindest einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Stanzling eine Klebebeschichtung aus Naturkautschuk und/oder auf der der Klebemasse gegenüberliegenden Seite eine PVC- oder Acrylbeschichtung aufweist.4. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the diecut has an adhesive coating made of natural rubber and / or on the side opposite the adhesive has a PVC or acrylic coating.
5. Verfahren nach zumindest einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Trägermaterial für den Stanzling Baumwollgewebe verwendet werden, die insbesondere eine Schusszahl von 70 bis 80 und/oder eine Kettenzahl von 70 bis 80 aufweisen.5. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that cotton fabrics are used as the carrier material for the die-cut, which in particular have a number of wefts from 70 to 80 and / or a number of chains from 70 to 80.
6. Verfahren nach zumindest einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aufschäumung des Stanzlings durch Wärmezufuhr während des üblichen Lackierprozesses der Rohkarosserie erfolgt, insbesondere während der Lackier- oder KTL-Trocknung. 6. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foaming of the die-cut takes place by supplying heat during the usual painting process of the body-in-white, in particular during the painting or KTL drying.
EP05747794A 2004-04-08 2005-03-11 Method for permanently obturating holes, especially in metal sheets or plastic parts of automobile bodies Withdrawn EP1735206A1 (en)

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DE102004018047A DE102004018047A1 (en) 2004-04-08 2004-04-08 Process for permanently closing holes, in particular in metal sheets or in plastic parts of automobile bodies
PCT/EP2005/051101 WO2005097582A1 (en) 2004-04-08 2005-03-11 Method for permanently obturating holes, especially in metal sheets or plastic parts of automobile bodies

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MXPA06011298A (en) 2007-01-16
KR20070012463A (en) 2007-01-25
DE102004018047A1 (en) 2005-11-10
CN1938187A (en) 2007-03-28
JP2007532382A (en) 2007-11-15
CN100500498C (en) 2009-06-17
US20080029919A1 (en) 2008-02-07

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