EP1728409A1 - Sound device provided with a geometric and electronic radiation control - Google Patents

Sound device provided with a geometric and electronic radiation control

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Publication number
EP1728409A1
EP1728409A1 EP05736560A EP05736560A EP1728409A1 EP 1728409 A1 EP1728409 A1 EP 1728409A1 EP 05736560 A EP05736560 A EP 05736560A EP 05736560 A EP05736560 A EP 05736560A EP 1728409 A1 EP1728409 A1 EP 1728409A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electroacoustic
sources
loudspeakers
network
electroacoustic sources
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EP05736560A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1728409B1 (en
Inventor
Xavier Meynial
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Active Audio
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Active Audio
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/40—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
    • H04R1/403—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers loud-speakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R3/12—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the device object of the present invention relates to the sound system of acoustically reverberant premises.
  • the loudspeakers must radiate in a directive manner towards the listeners, so that the direct sound perceived by them (sound propagating directly from the speaker listeners) or significant energy compared to that of the sound reaching it after reverberation by the walls of the room.
  • the sound system must also provide the most homogeneous sound coverage possible in the area to be sounded.
  • the listeners are generally located on a horizontal plane with a large surface area, we are led to consider a column type enclosure, the directivity of which is marked in the vertical plane, and not very marked in the horizontal plane.
  • FIG. 1 2- State of the art Figure 1 describes a typical configuration.
  • the enclosure (11) must produce the most homogeneous sound level possible over an entire area (12) where the audience is located, and this over the widest possible frequency band. It must also, as we have seen, minimize the sound energy radiated elsewhere than towards the audience, in order to minimize the energy reverberated by the room and reaching the listeners.
  • Two types of approach have been developed to achieve this objective: geometrically controlled networks, and electronically controlled networks.
  • the patents FR 2626886 and derivatives describe a device making it possible to generate a wave front close to this objective.
  • the principle uses a cylindrical waveguide excited at one of its ends by a loudspeaker, and radiating at the other end by an elongated rectangular opening.
  • the shape of the waveguide is such that the radiated sound field is similar to that radiated by a rectangular piston of elongated shape.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates this principle with a superposition of eight waveguides (22) such as that described in patent FR 2626886, associated with eight loudspeakers (21), generating a wavefront (23).
  • the patents FR 2813986 and associated describe another waveguide allowing to reach the same objective. But this principle of geometric synthesis of the wave front inevitably leads to a form of curved enclosure. It is therefore difficult to apply if the enclosure is intended to be mounted vertically, for example as a wall or pillar.
  • Patent US5590214 entitled “Vertical Array Type Speaker” presents a device made up of two columns of loudspeakers mounted face-to-face, radiating through a vertical slot. However, this device is not capable of generating a wave front ensuring uniform sound coverage.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the principle of using delays (31), denoted R n in the figure, associated with loudspeakers (34) via filters (32) and power amplifiers (33) to approach the front of waves (35) wanted.
  • R n (nl) .a / c.sin ( ⁇ ), c being the speed of the sound, n being the index of the loudspeaker.
  • Patents EP0791279 and associated present a device of this type, and claim a principle of positioning of the loudspeakers, which are regularly spaced on a part of the enclosure, then logarithmically spaced. This principle makes it possible to limit the number of speakers required, but leads to an unequal distribution of powers on all the speakers, and therefore to a lower maximum radiated sound level than if the power were equally distributed on all the loudspeakers. speakers as is the case in geometric networks.
  • the electronically controlled network has the advantage of being able to control to a certain extent the structure of the radiated field without mechanical alteration of the device, by simply playing on the filtering parameters.
  • Curved speaker arrays have been implemented as part of the WFS (see article by Evert W. Start “Application of Curved Arrays in Wave Field Synthesis", preprint n ° 4143, 100 th Convention de l ' AES, 1996).
  • Patents EP12099498 and associated describe an implementation of the WFS with a particular type of loudspeakers. Mark S. Ureda's article "Wave Field
  • the objective is to be able to generate wave fronts of various shapes, and the orientations of the emission axes of the loudspeakers are perpendicular to the network.
  • the control of the radiation of the network is therefore done exclusively thanks to the electronic parameters (delays and filters essentially), and not by playing on the orientations of the loudspeakers as is the case for the geometrically controlled networks of which we have spoken.
  • the advantage of the device which is the subject of the present invention is to combine the advantages of the geometric network with those of the electronically controlled network: it allows excellent control of the radiated acoustic field, minimizing the secondary lobes, optimizing the maximum emissible power thanks to a homogeneous distribution. on all the loudspeakers, while having a rectilinear shape allowing easy integration, for example applied on a wall.
  • the subject of the invention is a sound device allowing homogeneous sound coverage over a zone to be sounded, comprising a network of electroacoustic sources, each electroacoustic source diffusing a version delayed by a delay, filtered by a filter, and amplified.
  • said network is essentially rectilinear and vertical, in that the angles ⁇ formed by the emission axes of the electroacoustic sources and the normal to the network are such that que n > ⁇ n - ⁇ , where n is the index of the electroacoustic sources numbered in increasing order from the top to the bottom of the device, and in that the delays cooperate with the angles ⁇ so that the device generates a wave front the shape corresponding to the desired sound coverage of the area to be sounded.
  • the angles of inclination ⁇ of the electroacoustic sources are chosen such that for each of the electroacoustic sources, the distance d separating the center of said electroacoustic source from the point of intersection between the emission axis of said electroacoustic source and the desired wavefront is minimal.
  • R n is the delay (in seconds) associated with the n 'th electroacoustic source, R being one, c being the speed of sound in m / s, the distances d being expressed in meters.
  • FIG. 1 represents a configuration of traditional sound system
  • FIG. 2 represents the principle of a geometrically controlled network conforming to the state of the art
  • FIG. 3 represents the principle of an electronically controlled network conforming to the state of the art
  • FIG. 4 represents the principle of the invention, seen in longitudinal section
  • FIG. 5 represents a front view of the loudspeaker network mounted in an enclosure
  • FIG. 6 represents a front view of an essentially rectangular diaphragm speaker
  • FIG. 7 represents, in the form of front views, the assembly of speakers with rectangular and circular membranes
  • FIG. 8 represents an embodiment of the invention seen in longitudinal section, in which the electroacoustic sources consist of groups of loudspeakers
  • FIG. 9 represents an embodiment of the invention seen in longitudinal section, in which the electroacoustic sources are of different heights.
  • a network of N electroacoustic sources (1) is associated with delays (3), filters (4), and power amplifiers (5).
  • the electroacoustic sources (1) are aligned vertically, and oriented so that, combined with a set of delays (3) suitably chosen, they generate the front wave (6) of the desired shape, corresponding to a desired sound coverage on an area to be sounded. Filters and delays can of course be swapped, and other elements (limiters for example) can be inserted upstream of the power amplifiers.
  • the input signal to be broadcast is applied to all electroacoustic sources via delays (3), filters (4), and amplifiers (5).
  • the originality of the present invention therefore consists in generating the desired wave front (6) by playing both on a geometric aspect thanks to the orientations and positioning of the electroacoustic sources (1) of the network, and on an electronic aspect by compensating in particular by delays (3) the spatial shifts between the electroacoustic sources (1).
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ n of the n th electroacoustic source is such that the distance d n separating the center of said electroacoustic source from the point of intersection between the emission axis of said source electroacoustic and the desired wavefront is minimal, and this for all electroacoustic sources.
  • R ⁇ 0 or any other value. It is noted that these are the differences d n - ⁇ -d n which occur, and therefore that the above definition does not depend on the propagation of the wave front.
  • the distance between the lower end and the upper end of said source is called the height of an electroacoustic source (1).
  • a shape of the wavefront (6) and a given type of electroacoustic source corresponds to a set of angles ⁇ and values of the delays (3).
  • the delays (3) values slightly different from those resulting from the formulas given above, and possibly playing on the gains and frequency responses of the filters (4), it is possible to generate a different wavefront. of the one corresponding to the set of angles ⁇ . This allows, for example, to partially correct the effect of positioning the column at a height different from that for which it was designed (tilt angles ⁇ ), or to correct an inadequate sound level in a certain area resulting from an acoustic phenomenon in the room considered. If the electroacoustic sources are not all identical, then the filters (4) will also be used to correct the differences which may exist between their characteristics of frequency and / or time responses.
  • Filters (4) and delays (3) can be implemented by a digital signal processor (DSP) equipped with suitable software.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • the length of the network is an important parameter of the invention, as it is for all other types of networks. The larger it is, the larger the area that the network can cover, and the better the homogeneity of coverage at low frequencies.
  • the electroacoustic sources (1) are direct-radiation loudspeakers, these loudspeakers being preferably equipped with essentially rectangular membranes. Optimal performance in terms of rejection of the secondary lobes is obtained when each loudspeaker radiates in the manner of a rectangular piston as high as the distance between loudspeakers allows.
  • Figure 5 shows a front view of the speaker array (51) mounted in an enclosure (52), the radiating faces of which are preferably essentially rectangular, possibly slightly curved in the vertical plane to better match the shape of the front of 'waves to restore.
  • Figure 6 shows an essentially rectangular diaphragm speaker (61) seen from the front.
  • the electroacoustic sources (1) are loudspeakers radiating through waveguides.
  • Each waveguide radiates through an essentially rectangular orifice and such that the particle acoustic speed is at all times essentially the same at any point of the radiation orifice.
  • optimal performance in terms of rejection of the secondary lobes is obtained when the waveguides radiate through a rectangular opening as would a rectangular piston (for example those described in the patents FR 2626886 and FR 2813986 already mentioned), and that their height is as large as the gap between waveguides allows.
  • the electroacoustic sources (1) are groups of loudspeakers, all the loudspeakers of the same group being located in the same plane, arranged side by side and excited by the same electrical signal.
  • the loudspeakers of the same group are thus assembled in such a way that the group radiates essentially as a rectangular piston would do in the frequency band considered. Indeed, for frequencies corresponding to wavelengths shorter than the distance between adjacent speakers, the radiation of a regular assembly of small speakers in a group of speakers is close to the radiation of a piston the size of the assembly.
  • FIG. 7 gives two examples of assembly of loudspeakers in a group of loudspeakers for rectangular and circular diaphragm speakers (71), seen from the front, on the diaphragm side.
  • Figure 8 illustrates this implementation of the invention in the case of eight groups of 4 speakers. This figure is identical to Figure 4, except the electroacoustic sources (1) which have been replaced by groups of speakers (81).
  • the electroacoustic sources (1) are of different heights, the height of each source being essentially a function of the associated angle ⁇ : the smaller it is, the higher the height of the source perhaps large.
  • FIG. 9 in which the indices (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), and (6) have the same meanings as in FIG. 4.
  • This embodiment has the advantage of minimizing the depth of the column, denoted p in FIG. 9.
  • the electroacoustic sources (1) can be mounted or fixed on the same enclosure (2).
  • the rear faces of the membranes of the electroacoustic sources (1) can then either radiate each in an independent volume resulting from a partitioning of the enclosure (2), or radiate all in the same volume. Indeed, for the frequencies located beyond the resonant frequency of the loudspeakers, these are essentially controlled by their moving mass, and not by the stiffness of the volume of air which charges them at the rear.
  • each electroacoustic source (1) is mounted on an enclosure which is specific to it, and the enclosures assembled according to the principle of positioning and orientation exposed above using a mechanical device.
  • the electroacoustic sources (1) are fixed to speakers mechanically connected to each other.
  • This embodiment makes it possible to optimally adjust the orientations of the electroacoustic sources (1) for a given positioning of the device and a desired sound coverage.
  • Delays (3) and filters (4) can be performed by a digital signal processor (DSP) equipped with the appropriate software.
  • Delays (3), filters (4) and amplifiers (5) can be loaded into the enclosure (2), or remain outside the enclosure.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a sound device for carrying out a homogenous sound cover for a public addressed area comprising an electroacoustic source network (1), wherein each electroacoustic source (1) diffuses a version delayed by a delay (3), filtered by a filter (4) and amplified by the device input signal amplifier (5). The inventive device is characterised in that said network is substantially rectilinear and vertical, angles υ which are formed by the emitting axes of the electroacoustic sources (1) and a normal to the network are selected such that υn>υ n-1, wherein n is the index of the electroacoustic sources (1) numbered in ascending order from the top of the device to the bottom thereof and the delays (3) interact with the angles υ in such a way that the device generates a wavefront (6) whose shape corresponds to the desired sound cover of the public addressed area.

Description

Dispositif de sonorisation à contrôle de rayonnement géométrique et électroniqueSound system with geometric and electronic radiation control
1- Indication du domaine1- Indication of the domain
Le dispositif objet de la présente invention concerne la sonorisation des locaux acoustiquement réverbérants. Pour obtenir une bonne clarté du son et une bonne intelligibilité de la voix dans de tels locaux, les enceintes acoustiques doivent rayonner de façon directive vers les auditeurs, afin que le son direct perçu par ceux-ci (son de propageant directement de l'enceinte aux auditeurs) soit d'énergie importante en regard de celle du son lui parvenant après réverbération par les parois du local. Le dispositif de sonorisation doit de plus assurer une couverture sonore la plus homogène possible de la zone à sonoriser. Les auditeurs étant en général situés sur un plan horizontal de surface importante, on est amené à considérer une enceinte de type colonne, dont la directivité est marquée dans le plan vertical, et peu marquée dans le plan horizontal.The device object of the present invention relates to the sound system of acoustically reverberant premises. To obtain a good clarity of the sound and a good intelligibility of the voice in such rooms, the loudspeakers must radiate in a directive manner towards the listeners, so that the direct sound perceived by them (sound propagating directly from the speaker listeners) or significant energy compared to that of the sound reaching it after reverberation by the walls of the room. The sound system must also provide the most homogeneous sound coverage possible in the area to be sounded. As the listeners are generally located on a horizontal plane with a large surface area, we are led to consider a column type enclosure, the directivity of which is marked in the vertical plane, and not very marked in the horizontal plane.
2- Etat de la technique La figure 1 décrit une configuration typique. L'enceinte (11) doit produire un niveau sonore le plus homogène possible sur toute une zone (12) où se situe l'auditoire, et ceci sur une bande de fréquence la plus large possible. Elle doit de plus comme nous l'avons vu minimiser l'énergie sonore rayonnée ailleurs que vers l'auditoire, afin de minimiser l'énergie réverbérée par le local et parvenant aux auditeurs. Deux types d'approches ont été développées pour atteindre cet objectif : les réseaux contrôlés géométriquement, et les réseaux contrôlés électroniquement.2- State of the art Figure 1 describes a typical configuration. The enclosure (11) must produce the most homogeneous sound level possible over an entire area (12) where the audience is located, and this over the widest possible frequency band. It must also, as we have seen, minimize the sound energy radiated elsewhere than towards the audience, in order to minimize the energy reverberated by the room and reaching the listeners. Two types of approach have been developed to achieve this objective: geometrically controlled networks, and electronically controlled networks.
2.1- Le réseau contrôlé géométriquement2.1- The geometrically controlled network
Connaissant l'objectif de couverture sonore, on peut déduire la forme du front d'onde acoustique que l'enceinte doit rayonner. Les brevets FR 2626886 et dérivés décrivent un dispositif permettant de générer un front d'ondes proche de cet objectif. Le principe fait appel à un guide d'ondes cylindriques excité à l'une de ses extrémités par un haut-parleur, et rayonnant à l'autre extrémité par une ouverture rectangulaire allongée. La forme du guide d'ondes est telle que le champ acoustique rayonné s'apparente à celui rayonné par un piston rectangulaire de forme allongée. En superposant plusieurs de ces guides d'ondes, et en les inclinant les uns par rapport aux autres, on peut approcher la forme du front d'ondes voulu, et donc approcher l'objectif de couverture sonore recherché. La figure 2 illustre ce principe avec une superposition de huit guides d'ondes (22) tels que celui décrit dans le brevet FR 2626886, associés à huit haut-parleurs (21), générant un front d'ondes (23). Les brevets FR 2813986 et associés décrivent un autre guide d'onde permettant d'atteindre le même objectif. Mais ce principe de synthèse géométrique du front d'ondes conduit inévitablement à une forme d'enceinte incurvée. Il est donc difficilement applicable si l'enceinte est destinée à être montée verticalement, par exemple en applique sur un mur ou un pilier.Knowing the objective of sound coverage, we can deduce the shape of the acoustic wavefront that the speaker should radiate. The patents FR 2626886 and derivatives describe a device making it possible to generate a wave front close to this objective. The principle uses a cylindrical waveguide excited at one of its ends by a loudspeaker, and radiating at the other end by an elongated rectangular opening. The shape of the waveguide is such that the radiated sound field is similar to that radiated by a rectangular piston of elongated shape. By superimposing several of these waveguides, and by inclining them relative to each other, one can approach the shape of the desired wavefront, and therefore approach the objective of desired sound coverage. FIG. 2 illustrates this principle with a superposition of eight waveguides (22) such as that described in patent FR 2626886, associated with eight loudspeakers (21), generating a wavefront (23). The patents FR 2813986 and associated describe another waveguide allowing to reach the same objective. But this principle of geometric synthesis of the wave front inevitably leads to a form of curved enclosure. It is therefore difficult to apply if the enclosure is intended to be mounted vertically, for example as a wall or pillar.
Le brevet US5590214 intitulé "Vertical Array Type Speaker" présente un dispositif constitué de deux colonnes de haut-parleurs montées face-à-face, rayonnant par une fente verticale. Mais ce dispositif n'est pas à même de générer un front d'ondes assurant une couverture sonore homogène.Patent US5590214 entitled "Vertical Array Type Speaker" presents a device made up of two columns of loudspeakers mounted face-to-face, radiating through a vertical slot. However, this device is not capable of generating a wave front ensuring uniform sound coverage.
2.2- Le réseau contrôlé électroniquement2.2- The electronically controlled network
Pour générer le front d'ondes recherché, on peut aussi faire appel à un réseau de haut-parleurs traditionnels, et aux techniques de filtrage classiques issues des radars. La figure 3 illustre le principe d'utilisation de retards (31), notés Rn sur la figure, associés à des haut-parleurs (34) via des filtres (32) et amplificateurs de puissance (33) pour approcher le front d'ondes (35) voulu. Ainsi par exemple, un réseau rectiligne et régulier de haut-parleurs espacés d'une distance notée a génère un front d'onde orienté suivant la direction φ lorsque l'on choisit Rn = (n-l).a/c.sin(φ), c étant la célérité du son, n étant l'indice du haut-parleur. L'utilisation adéquate des filtres (32) permet de minimiser les variations fréquentielles de la structure du champ acoustique rayonné. Le brevet WO 03034780 décrit un dispositif de ce type. Malheureusement, le fait d'utiliser un nombre limité de haut-parleurs (un réseau discret, et non pas continu) induit des lobes secondaires d'amplitude importante, qui dégradent la qualité acoustique. Ces lobes secondaires sont d'amplitudes d'autant plus importantes que la direction du lobe principal s'écarte de la normale au réseau.To generate the desired wavefront, one can also use a network of traditional loudspeakers, and conventional filtering techniques from radars. FIG. 3 illustrates the principle of using delays (31), denoted R n in the figure, associated with loudspeakers (34) via filters (32) and power amplifiers (33) to approach the front of waves (35) wanted. Thus for example, a rectilinear and regular network of loudspeakers spaced by a distance denoted a generates a wavefront oriented in the direction φ when we choose R n = (nl) .a / c.sin (φ ), c being the speed of the sound, n being the index of the loudspeaker. The proper use of filters (32) makes it possible to minimize the frequency variations of the structure of the radiated acoustic field. WO 03034780 describes a device of this type. Unfortunately, the fact of using a limited number of loudspeakers (a discrete network, and not a continuous one) induces secondary lobes of significant amplitude, which degrade the acoustic quality. These secondary lobes are amplitudes all the more important as the direction of the main lobe deviates from the normal to the network.
Les brevets EP0791279 et associés présentent un dispositif de ce type, et revendiquent un principe de positionnement des haut-parleurs, qui sont espacés régulièrement sur une partie de l'enceinte, puis espacés logarithmiquement. Ce principe permet de limiter le nombre de haut-parleurs nécessaires, mais conduit à une répartition des puissances inégale sur tous les haut-parleurs, et donc à un niveau sonore rayonné maximal moins important que si la puissance était également répartie sur tous les haut-parleurs comme c'est la cas dans les réseaux géométriques. Le réseau piloté électroniquement présente l'avantage de pouvoir contrôler dans une certaine mesure la structure du champ rayonné sans altération mécanique du dispositif, en jouant simplement sur les paramètres de filtrage. Par contre, il présente l'inconvénient de générer des lobes secondaires de forte amplitude à haute fréquence, c'est à dire lorsque la longueur d'onde est inférieure ou égale à la distance séparant les haut-parleurs (critère d'échantillonnage spatial). La technique dite WFS (« Wave Field Synthesis ») met en œuvre elle aussi un réseau de haut- parleurs contrôlé électroniquement par des retards, filtres, et amplificateurs de puissance. Par application du principe de Huygens, un réglage adéquat des retards et filtres permet de générer un front d'ondes correspondant à une source virtuelle située à un endroit donné de l'espace. On parle alors de « spatialisation ». Par extension, cette technique a été utilisée pour l'enregistrement et la reproduction sonore, ainsi qu'en acoustique des salles pour simuler dans une salle ou en plein air l'acoustique d'une autre salle (voir par exemple les brevet EP0335468, US5452360 et associés).Patents EP0791279 and associated present a device of this type, and claim a principle of positioning of the loudspeakers, which are regularly spaced on a part of the enclosure, then logarithmically spaced. This principle makes it possible to limit the number of speakers required, but leads to an unequal distribution of powers on all the speakers, and therefore to a lower maximum radiated sound level than if the power were equally distributed on all the loudspeakers. speakers as is the case in geometric networks. The electronically controlled network has the advantage of being able to control to a certain extent the structure of the radiated field without mechanical alteration of the device, by simply playing on the filtering parameters. On the other hand, it has the disadvantage of generating high amplitude side lobes at high frequency, that is to say when the wavelength is less than or equal to the distance separating the loudspeakers (spatial sampling criterion) . The technique known as WFS (“Wave Field Synthesis”) also implements a network of loudspeakers controlled electronically by delays, filters, and power amplifiers. By applying the Huygens principle, an adequate adjustment of the delays and filters makes it possible to generate a wave front corresponding to a virtual source located at a given location in space. We then speak of "spatialization". By extension, this technique has been used for sound recording and reproduction, as well as in room acoustics to simulate in a room or outdoors the acoustics of another room (see for example patents EP0335468, US5452360 and associated).
Des réseaux courbes de haut-parleurs ont été mis en œuvre dans le cadre de la WFS (voir l'article de Evert W. Start "Application of Curved Arrays in Wave Field Synthesis", preprint n°4143, 100eme Convention de l'AES, 1996). Les brevets EP12099498 et associés décrivent une mise en œuvre de la WFS avec un type particulier de haut-parleurs. L'article de Mark S. Ureda "Wave FieldCurved speaker arrays have been implemented as part of the WFS (see article by Evert W. Start "Application of Curved Arrays in Wave Field Synthesis", preprint n ° 4143, 100 th Convention de l ' AES, 1996). Patents EP12099498 and associated describe an implementation of the WFS with a particular type of loudspeakers. Mark S. Ureda's article "Wave Field
Synthesis with Horn Arrays" (preprint n°4144, 100* AES Convention, Copenhague, Mai 1996) décrit la mise en œuvre de la WFS avec des haut-parleurs à pavillons.Synthesis with Horn Arrays "(preprint n ° 4144, 100 * AES Convention, Copenhagen, May 1996) describes the implementation of the WFS with horn speakers.
Dans tous ces travaux, l'objectif est de pouvoir générer des fronts d'ondes de formes variées, et les orientations des axes d'émission des haut-parleurs sont perpendiculaires au réseau. Le contrôle du rayonnement du réseau se fait donc exclusivement grâce aux paramètres électroniques (retards et filtres essentiellement), et non en jouant sur les orientations des haut-parleurs comme c'est le cas pour les réseaux contrôlés géométriquement dont nous avons parlé.In all of this work, the objective is to be able to generate wave fronts of various shapes, and the orientations of the emission axes of the loudspeakers are perpendicular to the network. The control of the radiation of the network is therefore done exclusively thanks to the electronic parameters (delays and filters essentially), and not by playing on the orientations of the loudspeakers as is the case for the geometrically controlled networks of which we have spoken.
3- Exposé de l'invention3- Presentation of the invention
L'intérêt du dispositif objet de la présente invention est de combiner les avantages du réseau géométrique avec ceux du réseau piloté électroniquement : il permet un excellent contrôle du champ acoustique rayonné, minimisant les lobes secondaires, optimisant la puissance maximale émissible grâce à une répartition homogène sur tous les haut-parleurs, tout en ayant une forme rectiligne permettant une intégration aisée, par exemple en applique sur une paroi.The advantage of the device which is the subject of the present invention is to combine the advantages of the geometric network with those of the electronically controlled network: it allows excellent control of the radiated acoustic field, minimizing the secondary lobes, optimizing the maximum emissible power thanks to a homogeneous distribution. on all the loudspeakers, while having a rectilinear shape allowing easy integration, for example applied on a wall.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un dispositif de sonorisation permettant une couverture sonore homogène sur une zone à sonoriser, comprenant un réseau de sources électroacoustiques, chaque source électroacoustique diffusant une version retardée par un retard, filtrée par un filtre, et amplifiée par un amplificateur du signal d'entrée du dispositif, caractérisé en ce que ledit réseau est essentiellement rectiligne et vertical, en ce que les angles θ formés par les axes d'émission des sources électroacoustiques et la normale au réseau sont tels que θn>θ n-ι, où n est l'indice des sources électroacoustiques numérotées dans l'ordre croissant du haut vers le bas du dispositif, et en ce que les retards coopèrent avec les angles θ de sorte que le dispositif génère un front d'ondes de la forme correspondant à la couverture sonore voulue de la zone à sonoriser.To this end, the subject of the invention is a sound device allowing homogeneous sound coverage over a zone to be sounded, comprising a network of electroacoustic sources, each electroacoustic source diffusing a version delayed by a delay, filtered by a filter, and amplified. by an amplifier of the device input signal, characterized in that said network is essentially rectilinear and vertical, in that the angles θ formed by the emission axes of the electroacoustic sources and the normal to the network are such that que n > θ n -ι, where n is the index of the electroacoustic sources numbered in increasing order from the top to the bottom of the device, and in that the delays cooperate with the angles θ so that the device generates a wave front the shape corresponding to the desired sound coverage of the area to be sounded.
De préférence, les angles d'inclinaison θ des sources électroacoustiques sont choisis de telle sorte que pour chacune des sources électroacoustiques, la distance d séparant le centre de ladite source électroacoustique du point d'intersection entre l'axe d'émission de ladite source électroacoustique et le front d'onde voulu soit minimale. Les retards valent essentiellement R„=R„.ι+(dn-1-dn)/c pour n>l, Rn étant le retard (en secondes) associé à la n'eme source électroacoustique, Ri étant quelconque, c étant la célérité du son en m/s, les distances d étant exprimées en mètres. Dans le cas où les sources électroacoustiques sont toutes de même hauteur, la définition des retards donnée ci-dessus correspond essentiellement à Rn= Rn-ι+aπ.ι/c.sin((θn+θπ-ι)/2) pour n>l, Rj étant quelconque, an étant la distance (en mètres) séparant le centre de la n'eme source électroacoustique du centre de la (n+l)'eme', et les angles θ étant exprimés en radians.Preferably, the angles of inclination θ of the electroacoustic sources are chosen such that for each of the electroacoustic sources, the distance d separating the center of said electroacoustic source from the point of intersection between the emission axis of said electroacoustic source and the desired wavefront is minimal. Delays essentially valent R "= R" .ι + (d n - 1 -d n) / c for n> l, R n is the delay (in seconds) associated with the n 'th electroacoustic source, R being one, c being the speed of sound in m / s, the distances d being expressed in meters. In the case where the electroacoustic sources are all of the same height, the definition of the delays given above corresponds essentially to R n = R n -ι + a π .ι / c.sin ((θ n + θ π -ι) / 2) for n> l, Rj one being, a n is the distance (in meters) between the center of the n 'th electroacoustic source from the center of the (n + l)' th ', and θ angles being expressed in radians.
L'invention sera bien comprise à la lecture de la description suivante d'exemples de réalisation, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels : la figure 1 représente une configuration de sonorisation traditionnelle ; la figure 2 représente le principe d'un réseau contrôlé géométriquement conforme à l'état de la technique ; la figure 3 représente le principe d'un réseau contrôlé électroniquement conforme à l'état de la technique ; la figure 4 représente le principe de l'invention, vu en coupe longitudinale ; la figure 5 représente une vue de face du réseau de haut-parleurs monté dans une enceinte ; la figure 6 représente une vue de face d'un haut parleur à membrane essentiellement rectangulaire ; la figure 7 représente, sous forme de vues de face, l'assemblage de haut-parleurs à membranes rectangulaires et circulaires ; la figure 8 représente un mode de réalisation de l'invention vu en coupe longitudinale, dans lequel les sources électroacoustiques sont constituées de groupes de haut-parleurs ; la figure 9 représente un mode de réalisation de l'invention vu en coupe longitudinale, dans lequel les sources électroacoustiques sont de hauteurs différentes.The invention will be clearly understood on reading the following description of exemplary embodiments, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: FIG. 1 represents a configuration of traditional sound system; FIG. 2 represents the principle of a geometrically controlled network conforming to the state of the art; FIG. 3 represents the principle of an electronically controlled network conforming to the state of the art; FIG. 4 represents the principle of the invention, seen in longitudinal section; FIG. 5 represents a front view of the loudspeaker network mounted in an enclosure; FIG. 6 represents a front view of an essentially rectangular diaphragm speaker; FIG. 7 represents, in the form of front views, the assembly of speakers with rectangular and circular membranes; FIG. 8 represents an embodiment of the invention seen in longitudinal section, in which the electroacoustic sources consist of groups of loudspeakers; FIG. 9 represents an embodiment of the invention seen in longitudinal section, in which the electroacoustic sources are of different heights.
Le principe de l'invention, présenté sur la figure 4 en coupe longitudinale pour le cas de huit sources électroacoustiques, est inspiré des lentilles de Fresnel utilisées en optique. Un réseau de N sources électroacoustiques (1), est associé à des retards (3), filtres (4), et amplificateurs de puissance (5). Les sources électroacoustiques (1) sont alignées verticalement, et orientés de telle sorte que, combinées à un jeu de retards (3) choisis de façon adéquate, elles génèrent le front d'onde (6) de la forme voulue, correspondant à une couverture sonore recherchée sur une zone à sonoriser. Les filtres et retards peuvent bien sur être permutés, et d'autres éléments (limiteurs par exemple) peuvent être insérés en amont des amplificateurs de puissance. Le signal d'entrée à diffuser est appliqué à toutes les sources électroacoustiques via les retards (3), filtres (4), et amplificateurs (5).The principle of the invention, presented in FIG. 4 in longitudinal section for the case of eight electroacoustic sources, is inspired by the Fresnel lenses used in optics. A network of N electroacoustic sources (1) is associated with delays (3), filters (4), and power amplifiers (5). The electroacoustic sources (1) are aligned vertically, and oriented so that, combined with a set of delays (3) suitably chosen, they generate the front wave (6) of the desired shape, corresponding to a desired sound coverage on an area to be sounded. Filters and delays can of course be swapped, and other elements (limiters for example) can be inserted upstream of the power amplifiers. The input signal to be broadcast is applied to all electroacoustic sources via delays (3), filters (4), and amplifiers (5).
L'originalité de la présente invention consiste donc à générer le front d'ondes voulu (6) en jouant à la fois sur un aspect géométrique grâce aux orientations et positionnements des sources électroacoustiques (1) du réseau, et sur un aspect électronique en compensant notamment par des retards (3) les décalages spatiaux entre les sources électroacoustiques (1).The originality of the present invention therefore consists in generating the desired wave front (6) by playing both on a geometric aspect thanks to the orientations and positioning of the electroacoustic sources (1) of the network, and on an electronic aspect by compensating in particular by delays (3) the spatial shifts between the electroacoustic sources (1).
Par référence à la figure 4, l'angle d'inclinaison θn de la nIeme source électroacoustique est tel que la distance dn séparant le centre de ladite source électroacoustique du point d'intersection entre l'axe d'émission de ladite source électroacoustique et le front d'onde voulu soit minimale, et ceci pour toutes les sources électroacoustiques.With reference to FIG. 4, the angle of inclination θ n of the n th electroacoustic source is such that the distance d n separating the center of said electroacoustic source from the point of intersection between the emission axis of said source electroacoustic and the desired wavefront is minimal, and this for all electroacoustic sources.
Les sources électroacoustiques (1) étant numérotées du haut vers le bas, le retard Rn associé à la nιeme source électroacoustique doit alors valoir Rn=Rn-ι+(dn.]-dn)/c pour n = 2 à N, c étant la célérité du son (en m/s) et N le nombre de sources électroacoustiques (R„ en secondes, dn en mètres). On pourra prendre Rι=0 ou toute autre valeur. On note que ce sont les différences dn-ι-dn qui interviennent, et donc que la définition ci-dessus ne dépend pas de la propagation du front d'ondes.The electroacoustic sources (1) being numbered from top to bottom, the delay R n associated with the n th electroacoustic source must then be worth R n = R n -ι + (d n .] - d n ) / c for n = 2 to N, c being the speed of the sound (in m / s) and N the number of electroacoustic sources (R „in seconds, d n in meters). We can take Rι = 0 or any other value. It is noted that these are the differences d n -ι-d n which occur, and therefore that the above definition does not depend on the propagation of the wave front.
On nomme hauteur d'une source électroacoustique (1) la distance séparant l'extrémité inférieure de l'extrémité supérieure de ladite source. Selon le principe exposé ci-dessus, et dans le cas où les sources électroacoustiques sont toutes de même hauteur, les valeurs des retards (3) peuvent encore s'exprimer en fonction des angles d'inclinaison θ (en radians) des sources électroacoustiques (1) selon la formule Rn=Rn.ι+(an.ι/c).sin((θn+θn-ι)/2) pour n = 2 à N, R„ étant le retard (en secondes) associé à la nιeme source électroacoustique, Ri étant quelconque, an étant la distance (en mètres) séparant le centre de la nιem source électroacoustique du centre de la (n+l)lème, et c étant à nouveau la célérité du son (en m/s).The distance between the lower end and the upper end of said source is called the height of an electroacoustic source (1). According to the principle exposed above, and in the case where the electroacoustic sources are all of the same height, the values of the delays (3) can still be expressed as a function of the angles of inclination θ (in radians) of the electroacoustic sources ( 1) according to the formula R n = R n .ι + (a n .ι / c) .sin ((θ n + θ n -ι) / 2) for n = 2 to N, R „being the delay (in seconds) associated with the nth electroacoustic source, Ri being arbitrary, a n being the distance (in meters) separating the center of the nth electroacoustic source from the center of the (n + l) leme , and c again being the speed sound (in m / s).
Dans la situation habituelle où le dispositif est placé au dessus de la zone à sonoriser, ce principe conduit à un jeu d'angles θ tels que θn>θ n.ι.In the usual situation where the device is placed above the area to be sounded, this principle leads to a set of angles θ such as θ n > θ n .ι.
Ainsi, à une forme du front d'onde (6) et un type de source électroacoustique donné correspond un jeu d'angles θ et de valeurs des retards (3). Toutefois, en attribuant aux retards (3) des valeurs légèrement différentes de celles résultant des formules données ci-dessus, et en jouant éventuellement sur les gains et réponses fréquentielles des filtres (4), il est possible de générer un front d'ondes différent de celui correspondant au jeu d'angles θ. Ceci permet par exemple de corriger en partie l'effet d'un positionnement de la colonne à une hauteur différente de celle pour laquelle elle a été conçue (angles d'inclinaison θ), ou encore de corriger un niveau sonore inadéquat dans une certaine zone résultant d'un phénomène acoustique du local considéré. Si les sources électroacoustiques ne sont pas toutes identiques, alors les filtres (4) seront aussi utilisés pour corriger les différences pouvant exister entre leurs caractéristiques de réponses fréquentielles et/ou temporelles.Thus, a shape of the wavefront (6) and a given type of electroacoustic source corresponds to a set of angles θ and values of the delays (3). However, by assigning the delays (3) values slightly different from those resulting from the formulas given above, and possibly playing on the gains and frequency responses of the filters (4), it is possible to generate a different wavefront. of the one corresponding to the set of angles θ. This allows, for example, to partially correct the effect of positioning the column at a height different from that for which it was designed (tilt angles θ), or to correct an inadequate sound level in a certain area resulting from an acoustic phenomenon in the room considered. If the electroacoustic sources are not all identical, then the filters (4) will also be used to correct the differences which may exist between their characteristics of frequency and / or time responses.
Les filtres (4) et retards (3) peuvent être réalisés par un processeur numérique de signal (DSP) équipé d'un logiciel adéquat. La longueur du réseau est un paramètre important de l'invention, comme elle l'est pour tous les autres types de réseaux. Plus elle est grande, plus grande est la zone que le réseau permet de couvrir, et meilleure est l'homogénéité de la couverture aux basses fréquences. Dans un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, les sources électroacoustiques (1) sont des haut-parleurs à rayonnement direct, ces haut-parleurs étant de préférence équipés de membranes essentiellement rectangulaires. Des performances optimales en termes de réjection des lobes secondaires sont obtenues lorsque chaque haut-parleur rayonne à la manière d'un piston rectangulaire aussi haut que le permet l'écart entre haut-parleurs. La figure 5 montre une vue de face du réseau de haut-parleurs (51) monté dans une enceinte (52), dont les faces rayonnantes sont de préférence essentiellement rectangulaires, éventuellement légèrement galbées dans le plan vertical pour mieux épouser la forme du front d'ondes à restituer. La figure 6 montre un haut- parleur à membrane (61) essentiellement rectangulaire vu de face.Filters (4) and delays (3) can be implemented by a digital signal processor (DSP) equipped with suitable software. The length of the network is an important parameter of the invention, as it is for all other types of networks. The larger it is, the larger the area that the network can cover, and the better the homogeneity of coverage at low frequencies. In a first embodiment of the invention, the electroacoustic sources (1) are direct-radiation loudspeakers, these loudspeakers being preferably equipped with essentially rectangular membranes. Optimal performance in terms of rejection of the secondary lobes is obtained when each loudspeaker radiates in the manner of a rectangular piston as high as the distance between loudspeakers allows. Figure 5 shows a front view of the speaker array (51) mounted in an enclosure (52), the radiating faces of which are preferably essentially rectangular, possibly slightly curved in the vertical plane to better match the shape of the front of 'waves to restore. Figure 6 shows an essentially rectangular diaphragm speaker (61) seen from the front.
Dans un second mode de réalisation de l'invention, les sources électroacoustiques (1) sont des haut-parleurs rayonnant au travers de guides d'ondes. Chaque guide d'ondes rayonne par un orifice essentiellement rectangulaire et tel que la vitesse acoustique particulaire est à tout instant essentiellement la même en tout point de l'orifice de rayonnement. En effet, des performances optimales en termes de réjection des lobes secondaires sont obtenues lorsque les guides d'ondes rayonnent par une ouverture rectangulaire comme le ferait un piston rectangulaire (par exemple ceux décrits dans les brevets FR 2626886 et FR 2813986 déjà mentionnés), et que leur hauteur est aussi grande que le permet l'écart entre guides d'onde. Dans un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention, les sources électroacoustiques (1) sont des groupes de haut-parleurs, tous les haut-parleurs d'un même groupe étant situés dans un même plan, disposés côte à côte et excités par le même signal électrique. Les haut-parleurs d'un même groupe sont ainsi assemblés de telle sorte que le groupe rayonne essentiellement comme le ferait un piston rectangulaire dans la bande de fréquence considérée. En effet, pour des fréquences correspondant à des longueurs d'ondes inférieures à la distance entre haut-parleurs adjacents, le rayonnement d'un assemblage régulier de petits haut-parleurs en un groupe de haut-parleur est proche du rayonnement d'un piston de la taille de l'assemblage. La figure 7 donne deux exemples d'assemblage de haut-parleurs en groupe de haut-parleurs pour des haut-parleurs à membrane (71) rectangulaires et circulaires, vus de face, côté membranes. La figure 8 illustre cette mise en œuvre de l'invention dans le cas de huit groupes de 4 haut-parleurs. Cette figure est identique à la figure 4, excepté les sources électroacoustiques (1) qui ont été remplacées par des groupes de haut-parleurs (81).In a second embodiment of the invention, the electroacoustic sources (1) are loudspeakers radiating through waveguides. Each waveguide radiates through an essentially rectangular orifice and such that the particle acoustic speed is at all times essentially the same at any point of the radiation orifice. In fact, optimal performance in terms of rejection of the secondary lobes is obtained when the waveguides radiate through a rectangular opening as would a rectangular piston (for example those described in the patents FR 2626886 and FR 2813986 already mentioned), and that their height is as large as the gap between waveguides allows. In a third embodiment of the invention, the electroacoustic sources (1) are groups of loudspeakers, all the loudspeakers of the same group being located in the same plane, arranged side by side and excited by the same electrical signal. The loudspeakers of the same group are thus assembled in such a way that the group radiates essentially as a rectangular piston would do in the frequency band considered. Indeed, for frequencies corresponding to wavelengths shorter than the distance between adjacent speakers, the radiation of a regular assembly of small speakers in a group of speakers is close to the radiation of a piston the size of the assembly. FIG. 7 gives two examples of assembly of loudspeakers in a group of loudspeakers for rectangular and circular diaphragm speakers (71), seen from the front, on the diaphragm side. Figure 8 illustrates this implementation of the invention in the case of eight groups of 4 speakers. This figure is identical to Figure 4, except the electroacoustic sources (1) which have been replaced by groups of speakers (81).
Dans un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, les sources électroacoustiques (1) sont de hauteurs différentes, la hauteur de chaque source étant essentiellement fonction de l'angle θ associé : plus celui-ci est petit, plus la hauteur de la source peut être grande. Ceci est illustré par la figure 9, dans laquelle les indices (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), et (6) ont les mêmes significations que sur la figure 4. Ce mode de réalisation présente l'avantage de minimiser la profondeur de la colonne, notée p sur la figure 9. Les retards (3) valent encore essentiellement Rn=Rn.ι+(dn-ι-dn)/c pour n>l, Rn étant le retard (en secondes) associé à la nιeme source électroacoustique, Ri étant quelconque, c étant la célérité du son en m/s, les distances d étant exprimées en mètres.In another embodiment of the invention, the electroacoustic sources (1) are of different heights, the height of each source being essentially a function of the associated angle θ: the smaller it is, the higher the height of the source perhaps large. This is illustrated by FIG. 9, in which the indices (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), and (6) have the same meanings as in FIG. 4. This embodiment has the advantage of minimizing the depth of the column, denoted p in FIG. 9. The delays (3) are still essentially equal to R n = R n .ι + (d n -ι-d n ) / c for n> l , R n being the delay (in seconds) associated with the n th electroacoustic source, Ri being arbitrary, c being the speed of the sound in m / s, the distances d being expressed in meters.
Les sources électroacoustiques (1) peuvent être montées ou fixées sur une même enceinte (2). Les faces arrières des membranes des sources électroacoustiques (1) peuvent alors soit rayonner chacune dans un volume indépendant résultant d'un cloisonnement de l'enceinte (2), soit rayonner toutes dans le même volume. En effet, pour les fréquences situées au delà de la fréquence de résonance des haut-parleurs, ceux-ci sont essentiellement contrôlés par leur masse mobile, et non par la raideur du volume d'air qui les charge à l'arrière.The electroacoustic sources (1) can be mounted or fixed on the same enclosure (2). The rear faces of the membranes of the electroacoustic sources (1) can then either radiate each in an independent volume resulting from a partitioning of the enclosure (2), or radiate all in the same volume. Indeed, for the frequencies located beyond the resonant frequency of the loudspeakers, these are essentially controlled by their moving mass, and not by the stiffness of the volume of air which charges them at the rear.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, chaque source électroacoustique (1) est montée sur une enceinte qui lui est propre, et les enceintes assemblées selon le principe de positionnement et d'orientation exposé ci-dessus à l'aide d'un dispositif mécanique. En d'autres termes, les sources électroacoustiques (1) sont fixées à des enceintes reliées mécaniquement entre elles. Ce mode de réalisation permet d'ajuster de façon optimale les orientations des sources électroacoustiques (1) pour un positionnement donné du dispositif et une couverture sonore voulue. Les retards (3) et filtres (4) pourront être réalisés par un processeur numérique de signal (DSP) muni du logiciel adéquat. Les retards (3), filtres (4) et amplificateurs (5) pourront être embarqués dans l'enceinte (2), ou rester à l'extérieur de l'enceinte. In another embodiment of the invention, each electroacoustic source (1) is mounted on an enclosure which is specific to it, and the enclosures assembled according to the principle of positioning and orientation exposed above using a mechanical device. In other words, the electroacoustic sources (1) are fixed to speakers mechanically connected to each other. This embodiment makes it possible to optimally adjust the orientations of the electroacoustic sources (1) for a given positioning of the device and a desired sound coverage. Delays (3) and filters (4) can be performed by a digital signal processor (DSP) equipped with the appropriate software. Delays (3), filters (4) and amplifiers (5) can be loaded into the enclosure (2), or remain outside the enclosure.

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Dispositif de sonorisation permettant une couverture sonore homogène sur une zone à sonoriser, comprenant un réseau de sources électroacoustiques (1), chaque source électroacoustique (1) diffusant une version retardée par un retard (3), filtrée par un filtre (4), et amplifiée par un amplificateur (5) du signal d'entrée du dispositif, caractérisé en ce que ledit réseau est essentiellement rectiligne et vertical, en ce que les angles θ formés par les axes d'émission des sources électroacoustiques (1) et la normale au réseau sont tels que θn>θ n-ι, où n est l'indice des sources électroacoustiques (1) numérotées dans l'ordre croissant du haut vers le bas du dispositif, et en ce que les retards (3) coopèrent avec les angles θ de sorte que le dispositif génère un front d'ondes (6) de la forme correspondant à la couverture sonore voulue de la zone à sonoriser.1. Public address system allowing homogeneous sound coverage over an area to be publicized, comprising a network of electroacoustic sources (1), each electroacoustic source (1) diffusing a version delayed by a delay (3), filtered by a filter (4) , and amplified by an amplifier (5) of the input signal of the device, characterized in that said network is essentially rectilinear and vertical, in that the angles θ formed by the emission axes of the electroacoustic sources (1) and the normal to the network are such that θ n > θ n -ι, where n is the index of the electroacoustic sources (1) numbered in ascending order from the top to the bottom of the device, and in that the delays (3) cooperate with the angles θ so that the device generates a wave front (6) of the shape corresponding to the desired sound coverage of the zone to be sounded.
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les angles d'inclinaison θ des sources électroacoustiques (1) sont choisis de telle sorte que pour chacune des sources électroacoustiques (1), la distance d séparant le centre de ladite source électroacoustique du point d'intersection entre l'axe d'émission de ladite source électroacoustique et le front d'onde voulu soit minimale.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the angles of inclination θ of the electroacoustic sources (1) are chosen such that for each of the electroacoustic sources (1), the distance d separating the center of said electroacoustic source from point of intersection between the emission axis of said electroacoustic source and the desired wavefront is minimum.
3. Dispositif selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que les retards (3) valent essentiellement Rn=Rn.ι+(dn. dn)/c pour n>l, Rn étant le retard (en secondes) associé à la nlème source électroacoustique, Ri étant quelconque, c étant la célérité du son en m/s, les distances d étant exprimées en mètres.3. Device according to at least one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the delays (3) are essentially equal to R n = R n .ι + (d n . D n ) / c for n> l, R n being the delay (in seconds) associated with the n th electroacoustic source, Ri being arbitrary, c being the speed of the sound in m / s, the distances d being expressed in meters.
4. Dispositif selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les sources électroacoustiques (1) sont des haut-parleurs à rayonnement direct.4. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the electroacoustic sources (1) are direct radiation loudspeakers.
5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les haut-parleurs sont équipés de membranes essentiellement rectangulaires.5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the loudspeakers are equipped with essentially rectangular membranes.
6. Dispositif selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les sources électroacoustiques (1) sont des haut-parleurs rayonnant au travers de guides d'ondes. 6. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the electroacoustic sources (1) are loudspeakers radiating through waveguides.
7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que chaque guide d'ondes rayonne par un orifice essentiellement rectangulaire et tel que la vitesse acoustique particulaire est à tout instant essentiellement la même en tout point de l'orifice de rayonnement.7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that each waveguide radiates through an essentially rectangular orifice and such that the particle acoustic speed is at all times essentially the same at any point of the radiation orifice.
8. Dispositif selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les sources électroacoustiques (1) sont des groupes de haut-parleurs.8. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the electroacoustic sources (1) are groups of speakers.
9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les haut-parleurs d'un même groupe sont voisins, situés dans un même plan, et assemblés de telle sorte que le groupe rayonne essentiellement comme le ferait un piston rectangulaire dans la bande de fréquence considérée.9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the loudspeakers of the same group are adjacent, located in the same plane, and assembled in such a way that the group radiates essentially as a rectangular piston in the strip would do. frequency considered.
10. Dispositif selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les sources électroacoustiques (1) sont fixées sur une même enceinte (2).10. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the electroacoustic sources (1) are fixed on the same enclosure (2).
11. Dispositif selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les sources électroacoustiques (1) sont fixées à des enceintes reliées mécaniquement entre elles.11. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the electroacoustic sources (1) are fixed to enclosures mechanically connected together.
12. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que les sources électroacoustiques (1) sont de hauteurs différentes. 12. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electroacoustic sources (1) are of different heights.
EP05736560A 2004-03-25 2005-03-11 Sound device provided with a geometric and electronic radiation control Active EP1728409B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0403052A FR2868237B1 (en) 2004-03-25 2004-03-25 SOUND DEVICE WITH CONTROL OF GEOMETRIC AND ELECTRONIC RADIATION
PCT/FR2005/000597 WO2005104609A1 (en) 2004-03-25 2005-03-11 Sound device provided with a geometric and electronic radiation control

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1728409A1 true EP1728409A1 (en) 2006-12-06
EP1728409B1 EP1728409B1 (en) 2012-09-26

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EP05736560A Active EP1728409B1 (en) 2004-03-25 2005-03-11 Sound device provided with a geometric and electronic radiation control

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US (1) US7426278B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1728409B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1965608B (en)
FR (1) FR2868237B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2005104609A1 (en)

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TWI369142B (en) * 2008-01-22 2012-07-21 Asustek Comp Inc Audio system and a method for detecting and adjusting a sound field thereof
JP5643657B2 (en) * 2008-03-13 2014-12-17 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェ Speaker array and drive device configuration related to speaker array
ITMC20100095A1 (en) 2010-09-17 2012-03-18 F B T Elettronica Spa SPEAKER ARRAY.
CN103180897B (en) * 2010-10-21 2016-11-09 3D声学控股有限公司 Acoustic diffusion generator
EP3755003A1 (en) * 2014-09-30 2020-12-23 Apple Inc. Multi-driver acoustic horn for horizontal beam control
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DE112017000382T5 (en) 2016-01-14 2018-09-27 Harman International Industries, Incorporated SOUND RADIATION PATTERN CONTROL
CN109626500A (en) * 2018-12-20 2019-04-16 余姚市荣大塑业有限公司 A kind of drinking water sterilizing device and sterilization supervisory systems

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1965608A (en) 2007-05-16
FR2868237A1 (en) 2005-09-30
EP1728409B1 (en) 2012-09-26
WO2005104609A1 (en) 2005-11-03
CN1965608B (en) 2011-08-17
US7426278B2 (en) 2008-09-16
US20070165876A1 (en) 2007-07-19
FR2868237B1 (en) 2006-05-19

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