EP1721223A1 - Systeme d'automatisation et procede pour identifier et corriger des erreurs de connexion - Google Patents

Systeme d'automatisation et procede pour identifier et corriger des erreurs de connexion

Info

Publication number
EP1721223A1
EP1721223A1 EP05708015A EP05708015A EP1721223A1 EP 1721223 A1 EP1721223 A1 EP 1721223A1 EP 05708015 A EP05708015 A EP 05708015A EP 05708015 A EP05708015 A EP 05708015A EP 1721223 A1 EP1721223 A1 EP 1721223A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
connection
connections
automation system
field device
unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05708015A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ulf Bormann
Harald GÜNTHER
Dieter Munz
Torsten Vogt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1721223A1 publication Critical patent/EP1721223A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
    • G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
    • G05B23/0205—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults
    • G05B23/0218—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterised by the fault detection method dealing with either existing or incipient faults
    • G05B23/0256—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterised by the fault detection method dealing with either existing or incipient faults injecting test signals and analyzing monitored process response, e.g. injecting the test signal while interrupting the normal operation of the monitored system; superimposing the test signal onto a control signal during normal operation of the monitored system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B9/00—Safety arrangements
    • G05B9/02—Safety arrangements electric

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an automation system and to methods for detecting and correcting connection errors in field devices connected to an automation system.
  • Automated production and manufacturing plants basically consist of the parts of the plant to be automated (production and manufacturing facilities), the automation system and the connecting elements between the plant and the automation system.
  • Such connecting elements include sensors and actuators (field devices) as well as the line components necessary for their connection.
  • Line components can be, for example, conventional copper lines, thermal lines, compensation lines, compensation boxes, etc.
  • process variables such as temperature, pressure, valve position, etc.
  • passive non-intelligent sensors such as thermo- t mo institute, Thermowiderface- pressure sensors, vibration sensors, resistance sensors, position sensors, etc., as well as non-intelligent actuators, such as valves, Relays, motors etc. used.
  • FIG. 1 shows a typical structure of an installation of a field device 1 on a conventional peripheral module 2 of an automation system.
  • the field device connections 3 are connected to the connections 4 of a supply component 5 and the connections 6 of a measurement component 7, which are connected to a control unit 8.
  • Some sensors and actuators can also be operated with a smaller number of lines by measuring and feeding via common lines.
  • the absence of cables usually leads to a loss of accuracy.
  • the fewer lines used the more the measurement values are falsified by line resistances.
  • 2 to 4 show typical circuits of resistance transmitters 9 with four, three and two lines.
  • the resistance transmitters 9 are each supplied with a current, a voltage is then measured, from which the resistance can be calculated.
  • the m feed lines 10 are shown with broken lines, while continuous lines are used for the n measurement lines 11 and k combined feed / measurement lines 12.
  • Today's I / O modules are able to recognize the presence of a fault and, due to the fault pattern, attribute this to line breaks and short circuits.
  • the disadvantage here is that the localization of a detected fault requires a certain qualification of the maintenance personnel to remedy it.
  • the object of the present invention is to reduce the effort involved in the detection or correction of connection errors in an automation system.
  • a basic idea of the invention is accordingly to connect every field device connection of the automation system and thus also every connection of the connected field device to every connection of the measuring or supply component. For this purpose, between the field device connections of the automation system and the measuring or Feed component inserted a corresponding connection unit.
  • This connection unit is preferably designed as a switch matrix.
  • the switch matrix can be implemented both discretely and integrated with electronic, mechanical, microelectromechanical, optical or magnetic circuit elements.
  • the switch matrix is controlled by a control unit.
  • a microcontroller, a digital signal processor (DSP) or a finite state machine or the like is preferably used. used.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • Such a control unit is usually already available to process, filter, linearize, evaluate, etc. the received measured values, so that generally no additional component is required for this. It is particularly advantageous if the switch matrix and control unit are designed as components of an integrated circuit.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by a method according to claim 5.
  • a basic idea of the invention is that for the detection of connection errors in field devices connected to an automation system, a signal is fed into a field device and a measured variable assigned to the field device is determined using freely selectable 'connection combinations' which are made using the connection unit simplest way can be provided.
  • the method preferably proceeds as follows: A signal is fed into the field device through the feed component. This signal contains a sensor- or actuator-specific electrical or other physical quantity.
  • the automation system knows the type of the connected field device to determine this size.
  • the signal can be output at any field device connections of the automation system.
  • the measuring component can also use the connection unit to determine measured variables at any field device connections of the automation system.
  • the evaluation unit can draw conclusions about the external wiring, i.e. the wiring of the field device, from the measured variables.
  • the feeding and determination are repeated using other connection combinations.
  • the sequence of several supplies and measurements clearly identifies how the field device is connected.
  • the sequence can either be fixed or can be dynamically adjusted depending on previous measurements and feedings.
  • the method can be used for supply and measurement both on a single field device connection and on any number of field device connections.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by a
  • connection errors After connection errors have been detected in field devices connected to an automation system, these errors are corrected by means of the connection unit.
  • the method according to claim 5 is preferably used for recognizing the connection.
  • the recognition method according to the invention and the correction method according to the invention can preferably be used in conjunction with one another.
  • connection error is understood to mean any non-optimal wiring of a field device, including line damage.
  • a correction of the connection error in the sense of the invention also includes not only the elimination of the connection error by establishing an optimal circuit. Rather, it also includes the manufacture of a Circuit understood to maintain the functional ability of the field device or to minimize damage etc.
  • the field device is operated by adapting the connection unit in the best possible connection corresponding to the respective field device type.
  • the connection unit is controlled by a control unit.
  • the control unit specifies the best possible connection for the field device type on the basis of the identified circuitry and knowing the field device type and the available components. If, for example, it is known that the field device is a temperature resistor, it is determined whether it is connected with a two, three or four wire circuit. According to the result of the determination, the control unit then performs the best possible connection of the temperature resistance, provided that this is not already the case.
  • the control unit is preferably combined with the evaluation unit. This enables direct control of the connection unit depending on the results of the measured value evaluation. This embodiment is particularly applicable in cases where no information about the field device connection is known.
  • the identified wiring is compared with a known configuration, in particular with regard to the field device type, type of connection, pin assignment, etc.
  • the connection error is corrected. Before that, a more precise diagnosis can be made in an intermediate step by means of further feedings and measurements.
  • the field device can be operated without loss of accuracy, provided that only cables have been exchanged in comparison to the configuration, i.e. there are no wire breaks, short circuits, etc.
  • the correction of the connection error according to this embodiment of the invention can, on the one hand, lie in the connection unit being used to adapt the circuit found to the original configuration.
  • connection error can also be corrected by changing the original configuration.
  • the connection unit then adapts the circuit to the connection error found.
  • the original project planning will be changed and saved in its new version. This ensures that the configuration and the current circuit are consistent, so that the maintenance personnel or the like always have access to current data.
  • Automation system and the detection and .Correction methods according to the invention the advantage of automatic identification of the sensor / actuator circuit.
  • detailed diagnostics in the event of discrepancies between project planning and wiring, automatic correction of line swaps and automatic operation of the sensor / actuator in the best possible operating mode are possible.
  • the method according to the invention can also be used during operation to check and correct installation errors. If line faults (wire break, short circuit etc.) are discovered during operation, it is not only possible to carry out an exact diagnosis for the maintenance personnel.
  • the connection unit can also be adapted to the fault in order to continue operating the component in a kind of emergency operation without a noticeable loss of accuracy. In order to minimize this loss of accuracy, data can be used that were obtained during the measurements for the circuit configuration. If emergency operation is not possible, the maintenance staff can be provided with an exact diagnosis of the fault.
  • the method can also be used to check whether the or the errors have been corrected by the maintenance personnel in order to automatically reactivate the normal operating mode if necessary.
  • process downtimes in the event of line damage during operation can be minimized or avoided entirely by the following advantageous features: automatic check for line damage, detailed diagnosis of line damage, emergency operation for many line damage without a noticeable loss of accuracy, automatic reactivation of the normal operating mode when troubleshooting by maintenance personnel.
  • the automation system according to the invention and the detection and correction method according to the invention enable automation systems to be maintained independently.
  • the use of the invention in automation systems with passive non-intelligent actuators and sensors is particularly advantageous. Errors that occur can be automatically remedied without external intervention and thus at extremely low cost. As a result, the maintenance effort of automation systems is reduced considerably.
  • FIG. 8 shows an installation of a sensor / actuator on a switch matrix of a peripheral module
  • FIG. 9 shows an installation of a four-wire resistance sensor on a switch matrix of a peripheral module
  • FIG. 10 shows an installation of a three-wire resistance sensor on a switch matrix of a I / O module
  • FIG. 11 shows an installation of a two-wire resistance sensor on a switch matrix of a peripheral module
  • FIG. 12 shows an identification of a faulty installation of a four-wire resistance sensor
  • FIG. 13 shows a correction of the incorrect connection from FIG. 12, 14 shows an emergency operation after a wire break in the circuitry according to FIG. 13,
  • FIG. 15 shows an installation of a sensor / actuator on an alternative connection unit
  • FIG. 16 shows an installation of a sensor / actuator on an alternative connection unit when differential signals are dispensed with.
  • An automation system has a computing unit (CPU) and a number of modules connected to the computing unit via a bus system, including a peripheral module 13 for connecting the automation system to a production system.
  • An analog input / output module serves as a peripheral module 13 for connecting actuators and sensors.
  • a switch is located in the peripheral module 13 of the automation system between the field device connections 14 of the peripheral module 13 on the one hand and the q> 0 connections 15 of supply electronics 16 and the p> 0 connections 17 of measuring electronics 18 on the other -Matrix 19 inserted.
  • the sensor 20 connected to the field device connections 13 occupies n + m-k connections.
  • the j> 0 connections of the peripheral module 13 not occupied by the sensor 20 remain free.
  • an actuator can also be connected in a further embodiment of the invention.
  • the switch matrix 19 is connected to an evaluation and control unit 21, which is used to control the switch matrix 19.
  • the evaluation and control unit 21 is connected both to the feed electronics 16 and to the measurement electronics 18 and, in addition to controlling the feed electronics 16, also serves to evaluate the measurement results received by the measurement electronics 18.
  • a digital signal processor serves as the evaluation and control unit 21.
  • the Evaluation and control unit 21 is connected to the computing unit of the automation system via a communication module (not shown). Processing, linearization and scaling of sensor signals etc. takes place in the peripheral assembly 13, which are then forwarded to the computing unit. Corresponding control or control routines are executed in the computing unit, after completion of which control information is transmitted back to the evaluation and control unit 21.
  • the evaluation and control unit 21 specifically influences the process.
  • the information required for correcting a detected connection error such as field device type or configuration, is stored in a non-volatile memory (not shown). the peripheral module 13, which can be accessed by the evaluation and control unit 21.
  • the supply electronics 16 comprise a current or voltage source, which is controlled by the evaluation and control unit 21.
  • a digital-to-analog converter with a downstream amplifier is used, which outputs current or voltage according to a predetermined signal value.
  • the measuring electronics 18 comprise an analog measuring amplifier and an analog-digital converter for converting the signals provided for the evaluation and control unit 21.
  • the switch matrix 19 which is shown only schematically, is implemented on a single integrated circuit together with the feed electronics 16, the measurement electronics 18 and the evaluation and control unit 21.
  • a discrete structure of the switch matrix with transistors or analog circuits is also possible. It is important that the switch matrix can be switched automatically, ie without manual operation.
  • 9 to 11 show examples of the positions of a switch matrix 19 according to the invention with correctly connected four, three and two-wire resistance sensors.
  • the matrix nodes 22 which establish a connection are highlighted graphically.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 the correction of installation errors of resistance sensors 23 is illustrated in FIGS. 12 and 13.
  • FIG. 12 shows an incorrectly connected resistance transmitter 23.
  • the resistance between the connections A and B is first measured.
  • the switches K9 and Kl4 are closed and a current between A and B is fed in through the supply electronics 16.
  • the switches Kl and K6 are also closed.
  • the voltage between the connections A and B is measured with the measuring electronics 18.
  • the evaluation and control unit 21 calculates the resistance between the connections A and B from the result of the voltage measurement and the magnitude of the current fed in.
  • the resistance between the connections A and C K1, K7, K9 and K15 closed
  • is then determined the resistance between the connections A and D Kl, K8, K9 and Kl6 closed
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 The correction of wire breaks on resistance transmitters 23 is illustrated in FIGS. 14 and 15 as a further application example of the invention.
  • the circuitry 19 is used to internally correct the circuitry, for example in such a way that one of the measurement lines 11 is used as the feed line 10. This ensures continued operation of the sensor 20 without the production plant being at a standstill.
  • connection B in connection with faulty wiring from Figure 13
  • the resistance transmitter 23 can be operated with the position of the switch matrix 19 shown in FIG. 14 as a three-wire resistance transmitter. Measurement inaccuracies result from the line resistance between connection A and the resistance transmitter 23. However, since this resistance can be approximately determined at any time, the measurement inaccuracies can be compensated for in the subsequent measurement value preparation.
  • the or the first resistance measurement (s) adjustments are made to the order and type of further measurements.
  • an implicit connection unit is used, which is realized by duplicating the measurement and feed lines 10, 11 and the corresponding measurement and feed components 24, 25.
  • Such a connection unit 26 is shown in FIG. 15. It is preferably used if only a small number of
  • Feed and measurement lines 10, 11 are required. Measurement and supply are provided for all j * (j + l) / 2 combinations of the j connections of the peripheral module 13. However, depending on the sensor or actuator type, not all combinations of measurement and supply are required to identify the wiring and automatically correct connection errors and line damage. If differential signals are dispensed with, only a maximum of j supplies and j measurements must exist. Such a connection unit 27 is shown in FIG. 16.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Testing And Monitoring For Control Systems (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système d'automatisation ainsi qu'un procédé pour identifier et corriger des erreurs de connexion sur des appareils de terrain connectés à un système d'automatisation. L'objectif de cette invention est de réduire les frais occasionnés lors de l'identification et la correction d'erreurs de connexion dans un système d'automatisation. A cet effet, une unité de liaison (19) est utilisée pour relier, de façon facultative, des raccords (14) d'appareils de terrain d'un système d'automatisation à des raccords (15, 17) d'une composante de mesure ou d'alimentation (16, 18) du système d'automatisation.
EP05708015A 2004-03-01 2005-02-15 Systeme d'automatisation et procede pour identifier et corriger des erreurs de connexion Withdrawn EP1721223A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004010003A DE102004010003A1 (de) 2004-03-01 2004-03-01 Automatisierungssystem und Verfahren zur Erkennung und Korrektur von Anschlussfehlern
PCT/EP2005/050657 WO2005083535A1 (fr) 2004-03-01 2005-02-15 Systeme d'automatisation et procede pour identifier et corriger des erreurs de connexion

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1721223A1 true EP1721223A1 (fr) 2006-11-15

Family

ID=34894908

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05708015A Withdrawn EP1721223A1 (fr) 2004-03-01 2005-02-15 Systeme d'automatisation et procede pour identifier et corriger des erreurs de connexion

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7462041B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1721223A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1926483B (fr)
DE (1) DE102004010003A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005083535A1 (fr)

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CN101176289B (zh) * 2005-05-13 2012-11-14 费希尔-罗斯蒙德系统公司 采用纠错的现场总线过程通信
EP2090945B1 (fr) * 2008-02-14 2011-10-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Composant de saisie et procédé de détection d'erreurs
DE102009007215A1 (de) * 2009-02-03 2010-08-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Automatisierungssystem mit einem programmierbaren Matrixmodul
JP4973700B2 (ja) 2009-07-14 2012-07-11 株式会社村田製作所 アンテナおよびアンテナ装置
DE102010025515A1 (de) * 2010-06-29 2011-12-29 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Kommunikationssystem zum Verbinden von Feldgeräten mit einer überlagerten Steuereinrichtung
DE102011006784A1 (de) * 2011-04-05 2012-10-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Einstellen einer Anlage sowie derartige Anlage
US9483039B2 (en) * 2012-04-19 2016-11-01 Rosemount Inc. Wireless field device having discrete input/output
KR101657928B1 (ko) 2014-04-25 2016-09-19 미쓰비시덴키 가부시키가이샤 프로그래머블 로직 컨트롤러
WO2016157514A1 (fr) * 2015-04-03 2016-10-06 三菱電機株式会社 Panneau de commande et procédé de mise à jour de panneau de commande
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20070184684A1 (en) 2007-08-09
DE102004010003A1 (de) 2005-09-29
CN1926483B (zh) 2010-08-11
WO2005083535A1 (fr) 2005-09-09
US7462041B2 (en) 2008-12-09
CN1926483A (zh) 2007-03-07

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