EP1721063A1 - Turboengine and method for adjusting the stator and rotor of a turboengine - Google Patents
Turboengine and method for adjusting the stator and rotor of a turboengineInfo
- Publication number
- EP1721063A1 EP1721063A1 EP04765196A EP04765196A EP1721063A1 EP 1721063 A1 EP1721063 A1 EP 1721063A1 EP 04765196 A EP04765196 A EP 04765196A EP 04765196 A EP04765196 A EP 04765196A EP 1721063 A1 EP1721063 A1 EP 1721063A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- stator
- rotor
- axis
- rotation
- turbomachine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
- F01D11/12—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator using a rubstrip, e.g. erodible. deformable or resiliently-biased part
- F01D11/122—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator using a rubstrip, e.g. erodible. deformable or resiliently-biased part with erodable or abradable material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
- F01D11/14—Adjusting or regulating tip-clearance, i.e. distance between rotor-blade tips and stator casing
- F01D11/20—Actively adjusting tip-clearance
- F01D11/22—Actively adjusting tip-clearance by mechanically actuating the stator or rotor components, e.g. moving shroud sections relative to the rotor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/02—Selection of particular materials
- F04D29/023—Selection of particular materials especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/052—Axially shiftable rotors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a turbomachine according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for adapting the stator and rotor of a turbomachine according to the preamble of claim 4.
- turbomachines have coatings on the rotor blades of their rotor as well as on the wall of their stator, which are abradable and relatively complex. These coatings are applied to adapt the rotor and stator and to reduce the gap size between the rotor blades and the wall of the stator.
- a turbomachine in particular a gas turbine with a rotor and a stator, is known from EP 1 312 760 A2.
- the wall of the stator is coated with an inlet coating.
- the blades of the rotor have an abradable coating in which arbitrary abra- sive A1 2 0 3 - SiC particles are embedded in such a way or that during the rotation of the barrel ' ⁇ haufelspitzen this abrade the abradable lining uneven abrasive. Due to the abrasive removal of the run-in coating, the A1 2 0 or SiC particles which are arbitrarily introduced into the rub-on coating break off.
- the present invention is based on the object of specifying a turbomachine and of providing a method for adapting the stator and rotor of a turbomachine, in which the gap size between the stator and rotor is minimized.
- a turbomachine comprising: a stator, internally coated with an inlet lining, a rotor inside the stator, the turbomachine additionally comprising: a device for parallel displacement and rotation of the axis of rotation of the rotor about the axis of symmetry of the stator ,
- This configuration has the advantage that the efficiency of the turbomachine is increased by reducing the gap size between the stator and the rotor. Furthermore, the turbomachine according to the invention ensures an almost uniform removal of the inlet lining by the rotor blades. This has the advantage that the rotor blades transfer smaller moments to the stator. The result is reduced bending and compression of the rotor. Overall, the dynamic deformations that occur, which act on the rotor blades, are thus noticeably reduced.
- the device for parallel displacement and rotation of the axis of rotation of the rotor can be produced, for example, from a modified commercially available plain bearing.
- Such slide bearings have a rotor which rotates in a housing which is coated on the inside with a bearing layer.
- the gap width varies between 50 and 500 ⁇ m, usually between 100 and 300 ⁇ m, depending on the purpose of the plain bearing. If all or part of the liquid is removed, the rotor and with it its axis of rotation are displaced parallel to the axis of symmetry of the housing due to the centripetal force. The extent of the dislocation increases with the amount of liquid removed.
- a rotor has to be fixed axially symmetrically on the rotor and the modified slide bearing has to be positioned axially symmetrically to a stator. Then the rotor or rotor is set in rotation and removes part of the inlet lining. Finally, the rotor can be centered again by refilling the internal clearance of the plain bearing.
- turbomachine according to the invention is that compared to conventional flow a rubbing surface on the rotor blade tips can be saved. Because of the free rotation of the rotor in a wall of the stator coated with oversize with the inlet lining, there is no need to apply the abradable lining to the blade tips and to finish this abrading lining.
- the device according to the invention of the fluid flow machine has a more robust design with regard to manufacturing tolerances, since a smaller classification of components with respect to the fit position is required.
- the parallel offset of the axis of rotation of the rotor to the axis of symmetry of the stator means that the manufacturing tolerances that may occur, in particular the inside diameter of the stator and / or the inlet lining on the wall of the stator, can be compensated.
- the device preferably displaces the axis of rotation of the rotor in such a way that the rotor can be introduced concentrically into the wall of the stator coated with the inlet lining.
- the axis of symmetry of the wall of the stator coated with the inlet lining runs parallel to the axis of symmetry of the stator bore in the stator housing.
- the device according to the invention for parallel displacement and rotation tion both turbomachine components with larger manufacturing tolerances as well as very precisely manufactured components, in particular the bearings of the stator housing and the stator housing per se, without the efficiency of the turbomachine being significantly negatively influenced, can be paired with one another.
- the device for parallel displacement and rotation can offset the rotor within the stator, which is internally coated to an oversize, such that the axis of rotation of the rotor is offset parallel to the axis of symmetry of the stator-coated wall of the stator, which runs parallel to the axis of symmetry of the stator is.
- This embodiment permits the circumferential removal of the installation space required for the free rotation of the rotor in the stator, as a result of which the offset between the axis of symmetry of the stator and the axis of symmetry of the wall of the stator coated with the inlet lining can be compensated.
- the rotor blades contain an aluminum-based alloy or iron-based or cobalt-based or nickel-based alloy and the stator contains an aluminum-based alloy or cast steel.
- the blades are exposed to high, complex thermal-mechanical stresses.
- high temperatures and aggressive media promote oxidation and corrosion processes on the blades and the stator housing of the turbomachine.
- high-temperature-resistant and creep-resistant iron-based or cobalt-based or nickel-based alloys are preferably used for the blades of a turbine wheel used in turbomachines.
- the blades for compressors can be made of aluminum-based or iron-based alloys.
- the turbine and / or compressor blades are made of composite materials on a metallic basis. Cast steel is preferably used for the stator housing in the area of the turbine due to the high thermal stresses. Due to the suction and compression of the cold combustion air, an aluminum-based alloy can be used for the compressor housing due to the thermal stress.
- the inlet coating on the wall of the stator contains A1SÜ2 or NiCrAl.
- This run-in coating has the advantage that it has a cut surface with essentially small grooves (grooving) after the brushing process and ensures a minimum gap size between rotating blade tips and rigid wall of the stator of the turbomachine.
- Coating the wall of the stator on the compressor side with the inlet lining made of A1SÜ2 and a filler has the advantage that the coating material has a thermal expansion behavior that is adapted to the base material of the stator housing.
- the filler contained in the AlSil2 layer burns out at elevated temperatures, which increases the porosity of the run-in coating.
- the inlet lining made of A1SÜ2 is expansion-tolerant and has good adhesion to the base material of the stator housing.
- NiCrAl inlet lining Due to the high-temperature resistance of the NiCrAl inlet lining, it can be used both as a coating material for components of the turbine exposed to high temperatures and in the thermally less stressed compressor side can be used.
- the NiCrAl inlet lining contains a filler in accordance with the inlet lining on the compressor side. The inlet lining on the compressor and on the turbine side enables high efficiency and reduced fuel consumption.
- Another object of the present invention relates to a method for adapting the stator and rotor of a turbomachine, in which an inlet lining is applied to the wall of the stator and this inlet lining is at least partially removed by the rotor, the rotor being rotated about an axis of rotation which rotated parallel offset around the axis of symmetry of the stator.
- An advantage of the method according to the invention is that manufacturing tolerances such as the dimension, shape and position of the wall of the stator and / or the inside diameter of the wall of the stator coated with the inlet lining have a less critical effect on the gap size between the blade tips and the stator housing. This allows a simple adjustment of the stator and rotor of the turbomachine regardless of whether the axis of symmetry of the rotor coincides with that of the stator or is parallel to it offset. As a result, the method according to the invention enables the rotating rotor to be optimally aligned with the wall of the stator coated with the inlet lining.
- the method for adapting the stator and rotor enables the blade mass to be minimized by eliminating the need for the rubbing on the blade tips.
- a reduced mass of the blades reduces the moment of inertia of the rotor, so that the dynamic response of the rotor with variable load improves and overall the dynamic mass forces that act on the blades during operation are reduced.
- the rotor is introduced into the stator in a rotating manner.
- This embodiment has the advantage that the rotor rotating about the axis of rotation removes the inlet lining evenly on the rotationally symmetrical surface of the wall in such a way that only the required installation space is cleared by the rotating rotor and the tolerances within the turbomachine are compensated for. By removing the inlet lining of the wall over the entire circumference, a minimum gap size is established between the blade tips and the stator.
- the surface of the abrasively modified inlet lining appears slightly ragged, so that the inlet lining can be profiled without time-consuming preparation and fine machining of the coating surface of the inlet lining after the coating process, without time-consuming reworking of the rotor blade tips and without complex pairing of the components of the turbomachine running into one another.
- the manufacture or manufacture of this fluid machine has proven to be very efficient and economical.
- the rotor can be introduced into the stator in a reversing manner.
- Reversing means that the rotor is first rotated into the stator over a path length of 1 to 2 mm and thereby removes material of the inlet lining, then rotated back approximately 1 to 2 mm, whereby the material removed and often at least partially removed from the inlet lining at the blade tips of the rotor adhesive material can peel off more easily.
- the rotor is then rotated again into the stator over the path length of 1 to 2 mm plus a further 1 to 2 mm and then extended again. This change between retracting and extending is repeated until the rotor has removed the inlet lining to the desired thickness at the desired depth of the stator.
- This configuration has the advantage that, on the one hand, the blades experience less axial stress and, on the other hand, the gap size is minimized due to the lower blade stresses and the resulting reduced blade deformations. In addition, a groove formation is reduced on the inlet covering.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of a turbomachine, wherein the stator is coated on the inside with an inlet lining.
- FIG. 1 does not show an exemplary embodiment of the turbomachine 1 according to the invention, in particular the compressor side of an exhaust gas turbocharger with a stator 2 and a rotor 4.
- the stator 2 has a wall 3 which is internally coated with an inlet coating 6.
- the rotor 4 is introduced as a compressor wheel with blades 5.
- the direction 9 about its axis of rotation 10 rotating rotor 4 in the direction of movement 8 inserted into the stator 2.
- the rotor 4 is positioned in the stator 2 by means of a device (not shown here) for parallel displacement in the displacement direction 11 and rotation of the rotor 4 about the axis of symmetry of the stator 2.
- the device for parallel displacement and rotation of the axis of rotation of the rotor 4 consists of a modified commercially available plain bearing.
- the plain bearing has a rotor that rotates in a housing coated with a bearing layer on the inside. There is a 200 ⁇ m wide annular gap between the bearing layer and the rotor, the so-called bearing clearance, which is filled with oil.
- the oil is removed except for a minimal amount adhering to the bearing layer, and as a result the rotor and with it its axis of rotation are displaced parallel to the axis of symmetry of the housing due to the centripetal force which occurs during its rotation.
- the extent of the displacement corresponds to the amount of oil removed.
- the rotor 4 is fastened axially symmetrically on the rotor and the modified slide bearing is positioned axially symmetrically with respect to the stator 2. Then the rotor or rotor is set in rotation and removes part of the inlet lining 6. Finally, the rotor 4 can be centered again by refilling the internal clearance of the plain bearing.
- This positioning of the rotor 4 in the stator 2 with the aid of the device described is suitable for selected material combinations on rotationally symmetrical surfaces.
- Both the rotor blades 5 of the rotor 4 on the compressor side of the exhaust gas turbocharger and the stator 2 consist of an aluminum-based alloy, the wall 3 of the stator 2 is coated with an inlet coating 6 made of A1SÜ2 and polyester as filler.
- high-temperature materials are used on the hot turbine side of the exhaust gas turbocharger.
- the rotor blades on the turbine side are made of a Ni-based alloy and the stator is made of cast steel.
- the stator wall coated on the turbine side with the inlet lining is coated with NiCrAl and polyester as filler.
- the rotor 4 is introduced in a rotating manner into the stator 2, which is internally coated with the inlet lining 6, on the compressor side of the exhaust gas turbocharger.
- the inlet lining 6 from A1S112 is at least partially removed during the positioning in such a way that the rotor 4 is rotated about an axis of rotation which rotates offset in parallel about the axis of the stator 2.
- the invention is not only limited to the example of an exhaust gas turbocharger described, but rather can be extended to stationary gas turbines and engines. There is also the possibility that the inlet coating on the hot gas side contains NiCrAlY with filler or, for example, ceramic or another high-temperature sealing material.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10347524A DE10347524A1 (en) | 2003-10-13 | 2003-10-13 | Turbo machine has rotor whose rotational axis is off-set parallel to axis of symmetry of stator |
PCT/EP2004/010282 WO2005038199A1 (en) | 2003-10-13 | 2004-09-15 | Turboengine and method for adjusting the stator and rotor of a turboengine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1721063A1 true EP1721063A1 (en) | 2006-11-15 |
EP1721063B1 EP1721063B1 (en) | 2009-03-11 |
Family
ID=33521596
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04765196A Expired - Fee Related EP1721063B1 (en) | 2003-10-13 | 2004-09-15 | Turboengine and method for adjusting the stator and rotor of a turboengine |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7850416B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1721063B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4475430B2 (en) |
DE (2) | DE10347524A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005038199A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004042258B3 (en) * | 2004-08-30 | 2006-01-19 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Method for producing a contour gap and turbomachine with a contour gap |
DE102004056179A1 (en) * | 2004-11-20 | 2006-05-24 | Borgwarner Inc. Powertrain Technical Center, Auburn Hills | Method for producing a compressor housing |
DE102008057878A1 (en) * | 2008-11-18 | 2010-05-20 | Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Supercharger device, particularly exhaust gas turbocharger for combustion engine of motor vehicle, has turbine wheel and compressor carrying shaft, where turbine wheel is partially surrounded by turbine housing |
JP5776209B2 (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2015-09-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Rotating equipment |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2939626A (en) * | 1957-12-27 | 1960-06-07 | Laval Steam Turbine Co | Turbo-compressor |
US3771927A (en) * | 1972-03-15 | 1973-11-13 | Purex Corp | Impeller running clearance adjustment device |
US4291089A (en) * | 1979-11-06 | 1981-09-22 | Sherritt Gordon Mines Limited | Composite powders sprayable to form abradable seal coatings |
US4374173A (en) * | 1979-11-06 | 1983-02-15 | Sherritt Gordon Mines Limited | Composite powders sprayable to form abradable seal coatings |
US4867639A (en) * | 1987-09-22 | 1989-09-19 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Abradable shroud coating |
US5185217A (en) * | 1989-09-08 | 1993-02-09 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Relatively displacing apparatus |
US5196471A (en) * | 1990-11-19 | 1993-03-23 | Sulzer Plasma Technik, Inc. | Thermal spray powders for abradable coatings, abradable coatings containing solid lubricants and methods of fabricating abradable coatings |
US5530050A (en) * | 1994-04-06 | 1996-06-25 | Sulzer Plasma Technik, Inc. | Thermal spray abradable powder for very high temperature applications |
US5658125A (en) | 1995-02-28 | 1997-08-19 | Allison Engine Company, Inc. | Magnetic bearings as actuation for active compressor stability control |
JP3294491B2 (en) * | 1995-12-20 | 2002-06-24 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Turbocharger for internal combustion engine |
US5951892A (en) * | 1996-12-10 | 1999-09-14 | Chromalloy Gas Turbine Corporation | Method of making an abradable seal by laser cutting |
WO1999028598A1 (en) * | 1997-12-02 | 1999-06-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbomachine and method for adjusting the width of a radial gap |
US6234749B1 (en) * | 1998-08-21 | 2001-05-22 | Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. | Centrifugal compressor |
US6290455B1 (en) * | 1999-12-03 | 2001-09-18 | General Electric Company | Contoured hardwall containment |
US6382905B1 (en) * | 2000-04-28 | 2002-05-07 | General Electric Company | Fan casing liner support |
US6547522B2 (en) * | 2001-06-18 | 2003-04-15 | General Electric Company | Spring-backed abradable seal for turbomachinery |
JP2003148103A (en) | 2001-11-09 | 2003-05-21 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Turbine and its manufacturing method |
US6619913B2 (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2003-09-16 | General Electric Company | Fan casing acoustic treatment |
-
2003
- 2003-10-13 DE DE10347524A patent/DE10347524A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-09-15 EP EP04765196A patent/EP1721063B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-15 JP JP2006534614A patent/JP4475430B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-15 DE DE502004009165T patent/DE502004009165D1/en active Active
- 2004-09-15 WO PCT/EP2004/010282 patent/WO2005038199A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-09-15 US US10/575,750 patent/US7850416B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2005038199A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10347524A1 (en) | 2005-01-13 |
US20070212216A1 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
JP2007508489A (en) | 2007-04-05 |
WO2005038199A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
EP1721063B1 (en) | 2009-03-11 |
US7850416B2 (en) | 2010-12-14 |
JP4475430B2 (en) | 2010-06-09 |
DE502004009165D1 (en) | 2009-04-23 |
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