EP1715287A1 - Warhead and projectile or missile comprising such a warhead - Google Patents
Warhead and projectile or missile comprising such a warhead Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1715287A1 EP1715287A1 EP05445022A EP05445022A EP1715287A1 EP 1715287 A1 EP1715287 A1 EP 1715287A1 EP 05445022 A EP05445022 A EP 05445022A EP 05445022 A EP05445022 A EP 05445022A EP 1715287 A1 EP1715287 A1 EP 1715287A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- stopper
- warhead
- charge unit
- liner
- charge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 206010041662 Splinter Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
- F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges
- F42B1/024—Shaped or hollow charges provided with embedded bodies of inert material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
- F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a warhead comprising a charge unit with an explosive charge, a liner and an initiator, the warhead having a fragmentation capacity.
- the invention also refers to a projectile or missile comprising such a warhead.
- the charge unit may be constituted by a shaped charge or a charge unit explosively forming a projectile (EFP).
- a warhead according to the preceding paragraph is previously known from Swedish patent 0002490-1 .
- the warhead is provided with a splinter shell comprising heavy metal bullets.
- an additional explosive charge adapted to the available space is inserted.
- the fragmentation capacity is mainly due to the additional explosive charge and splinter shell inserted. Creating fragmentation capacity requires several additional rather complex and bulky components to be housed within the warhead.
- the creation of the fragmentation capacity is obtained by using the liner of the comprised charge unit.
- a stopper in front of the charge unit interfering with the liner a splinter mode is created spreading fragments.
- the features essentially characterizing the warhead is that a stopper is provided in front of the charge unit to interfere with the liner of the charge unit at such a distance from the charge unit that the essential part of the acceleration of the liner under influences from explosive gases of the explosive charge has taken place before reaching the stopper creating a splinter mode with fragments spread in desired directions of space.
- Another way of creating fragmentation capacity and supposed to be known without any reference available is to use several initiation points within the explosive charge. This is considered an expensive and complicated method not expected to result in particular advantageous fragmentation.
- a favourable embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the stopper is exchangeable for different stopper embodiments.
- the warhead can be adapted for different requirements of fragmentation structures and spreading by change of stopper. By leaving out the stopper a complete standard charge unit effect is obtained.
- Another way of adapting the warhead to different requirements is to provide the stopper in front of the charge unit such that it can be folded-away to give free way for a charge jet or projectile.
- the stopper For suitable dimensions of the stopper it is proposed by another preferred embodiment to provide the stopper at a distance in front of the charge unit that exceeds the length of the stopper.
- the embodiment admits the liner to be adequately accelerated before it reaches the stopper resulting in an advantageous fragmentation.
- Other preferred dimensioning of the warhead proposed are that the length of the stopper lies within 0.5 to 5 times the diameter of the warhead and preferably within 0.5 to 1 times the diameter and that the stopper is provided a distance in front of the liner of the charge unit that essentially corresponds to a travelling time of the liner within a time interval of 30 - 150 ⁇ s and preferably 50 - 60 ⁇ s.
- the diameter of the stopper is less than half the diameter of the charge unit. Such a dimensioning has turned out to result in adequate fragmentation and spreading.
- the stopper preferably has a rotational symmetrical shape. This i. a. makes it easier to obtain a balanced embodiment when introducing the stopper into a projectile or missile.
- the stopper may assume many different shapes.
- the stopper is shaped as a circular cylinder.
- the stopper is shaped as a rotation symmetrical body having a first section with a first diameter and a second section with a second diameter different from the first diameter.
- the stopper is shaped as a frustum of a cone.
- the stopper is funnel shaped having its tip directed towards the charge unit.
- the stopper is shaped essentially as a spherical body.
- Advantageous materials to be used for the stopper are i. a. steel and heavy metals such as tungsten.
- the warhead has a charge unit embodied to explosively form a projectile. Interferences between such charge units and stoppers to create fragmentation are easy to arrange for within the envelope of a projectile or missile and it has turned out that such a charge unit in cooperation with the stopper results in an effective fragmentation generation.
- the projectile shown in figure 1 comprises a warhead 2 within its envelope 3 and is provided with fins 4.1, 4.2.
- the warhead 2 includes a charge unit 5 and a stopper 6.
- the charge unit 5 is built up of an explosive charge 7, a liner 8 and an initiator 9.
- the stopper 6, see figure 4 is arranged in the centre of an annular element 10 having branches 11, 12, 13 connecting the periphery of the annular element with the stopper 6.
- the envelope 3 of the projectile is embodied to receive and keep the annular element 10 in position by some kind of conventional locking means and thus not show.
- Dashed lines 23, 24 and 25 in figure 4 indicate how the stopper 6 can be divided into sections in case that the stopper 6 is to be folded away to create free space for a charge ray or projectile. In such a case the stopper could be rotated around schematically indicated hinge elements 26, 27 and 28 of any suitable known construction.
- Figure 3a-3e shows five different embodiments of the stopper 6 that have been found advantageous with respect to the fragmentation procedure.
- the stopper 6 consists of two circular cylinders 16, 17 having different diameters but a common symmetry axis 18. As indicated in figure 3a the circular cylinder having the shortest diameter is intended to be positioned closest to the charge unit 5. In figure 3b the circular cylinders have changed positions mutually.
- the stopper 6 has the shape of a frustum of a cone 19 turned such that the bottom 20 of the cone is facing the liner 8.
- the stopper 6 is funnel shaped having its tip 21 directed towards the charge unit.
- Figure 3e shows an embodiment of the stopper having an essentially spherical shape 22.
- the shape of the stopper can vary within wide limits and that the particular shape is dependent on i. a. the kind of fragmentation and directions of spreading wanted.
- the simple shape of the circular cylinder of the stopper 6 of figure 1 it is realised that diameter and length can be varied.
- the material used for the stopper such as steel and heavy metals, may be homogenous or non-homogenous in some way. It is also possible to mix different materials.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a warhead comprising a charge unit with an explosive charge, a liner and an initiator, the warhead having a fragmentation capacity. The invention also refers to a projectile or missile comprising such a warhead. The charge unit may be constituted by a shaped charge or a charge unit explosively forming a projectile (EFP).
- A warhead according to the preceding paragraph is previously known from
Swedish patent 0002490-1 - According to our invention there is no need for an additional explosive charge or a splinter shell. The creation of the fragmentation capacity is obtained by using the liner of the comprised charge unit. By providing a stopper in front of the charge unit interfering with the liner a splinter mode is created spreading fragments. The features essentially characterizing the warhead is that a stopper is provided in front of the charge unit to interfere with the liner of the charge unit at such a distance from the charge unit that the essential part of the acceleration of the liner under influences from explosive gases of the explosive charge has taken place before reaching the stopper creating a splinter mode with fragments spread in desired directions of space.
- In this connection it could be noted that a stopper is previously known from the above cited Swedish patent, see the embodiment described with reference to Figure 4. However, this stopper is located much closer to the liner and the object of the stopper is to stop the liner before it has accelerated preventing a shaped charge jet or projectile to be developed so that accidental ignition is prevented.
- According to
US warhead is previously known in which the liner is designed to produce fragmentation by embedding an expanded metal liner on the interior surface of a casing for a warhead. This patent proposes another way of producing fragmentation and which is not based upon acceleration of the liner before collision with the stopper.patent 5 337 673 a - Another way of creating fragmentation capacity and supposed to be known without any reference available is to use several initiation points within the explosive charge. This is considered an expensive and complicated method not expected to result in particular advantageous fragmentation.
- A favourable embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the stopper is exchangeable for different stopper embodiments. By the fact that the stopper is exchangeable the warhead can be adapted for different requirements of fragmentation structures and spreading by change of stopper. By leaving out the stopper a complete standard charge unit effect is obtained. Another way of adapting the warhead to different requirements is to provide the stopper in front of the charge unit such that it can be folded-away to give free way for a charge jet or projectile.
- For suitable dimensions of the stopper it is proposed by another preferred embodiment to provide the stopper at a distance in front of the charge unit that exceeds the length of the stopper. The embodiment admits the liner to be adequately accelerated before it reaches the stopper resulting in an advantageous fragmentation. Other preferred dimensioning of the warhead proposed are that the length of the stopper lies within 0.5 to 5 times the diameter of the warhead and preferably within 0.5 to 1 times the diameter and that the stopper is provided a distance in front of the liner of the charge unit that essentially corresponds to a travelling time of the liner within a time interval of 30 - 150 µs and preferably 50 - 60 µs.
- Preferably the diameter of the stopper is less than half the diameter of the charge unit. Such a dimensioning has turned out to result in adequate fragmentation and spreading.
- Furthermore the stopper preferably has a rotational symmetrical shape. This i. a. makes it easier to obtain a balanced embodiment when introducing the stopper into a projectile or missile.
- The stopper may assume many different shapes. According to a first advantageous shape the stopper is shaped as a circular cylinder. According to a second advantageous shape the stopper is shaped as a rotation symmetrical body having a first section with a first diameter and a second section with a second diameter different from the first diameter. According to a third advantageous shape the stopper is shaped as a frustum of a cone. According to a fourth advantageous shape the stopper is funnel shaped having its tip directed towards the charge unit. According to a fifth advantageous shape the stopper is shaped essentially as a spherical body.
- Advantageous materials to be used for the stopper are i. a. steel and heavy metals such as tungsten.
- Preferably the warhead has a charge unit embodied to explosively form a projectile. Interferences between such charge units and stoppers to create fragmentation are easy to arrange for within the envelope of a projectile or missile and it has turned out that such a charge unit in cooperation with the stopper results in an effective fragmentation generation.
- The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
- Figure 1 schematically shows a projectile according to the invention housing a warhead according to the invention.
- Figure 2 schematically illustrates the interference between the liner of a charge unit and a stopper provided in the warhead according to the invention at six different points of time.
- Figures 3a-3e schematically show five different embodiments of a stopper to be comprised in the warhead according to the invention.
- Figure 4 schematically shows an embodiment of a carrier for a stopper.
- The projectile shown in figure 1 comprises a
warhead 2 within itsenvelope 3 and is provided with fins 4.1, 4.2. Thewarhead 2 includes acharge unit 5 and astopper 6. Thecharge unit 5 is built up of an explosive charge 7, aliner 8 and an initiator 9. Thestopper 6, see figure 4, is arranged in the centre of anannular element 10 havingbranches 11, 12, 13 connecting the periphery of the annular element with thestopper 6. Theenvelope 3 of the projectile is embodied to receive and keep theannular element 10 in position by some kind of conventional locking means and thus not show. - Dashed
lines stopper 6 can be divided into sections in case that thestopper 6 is to be folded away to create free space for a charge ray or projectile. In such a case the stopper could be rotated around schematically indicatedhinge elements - The interference between the liner of the charge unit and the stopper will now be described with reference to figure 2.
- At time point I the
liner 8 has been accelerated to an optimal speed under influence from explosive gases deriving from the initiated explosive charge 7. At time point II theliner 8 has reached thestopper 6 and partly deformed the stopper at the end facing theliner 8. A little bit later at time point III the stopper has been further deformed. The length of the stopper now has been reduced to less than a third of the original length. At he next time point shown, time point IV,fragments 14, 15 are beginning to leave theliner 8 and stopper 6. This leaving or separation of fragments goes on further as illustrated at time points V and VI. - When locating the stopper in front of a charge unit, it is usually known how the liner accelerates from notes entered into the specification of the charge unit in question, so that the stopper is located sufficiently far away from the front of the charge unit.
- Figure 3a-3e shows five different embodiments of the
stopper 6 that have been found advantageous with respect to the fragmentation procedure. - According to figure 3a the
stopper 6 consists of twocircular cylinders common symmetry axis 18. As indicated in figure 3a the circular cylinder having the shortest diameter is intended to be positioned closest to thecharge unit 5. In figure 3b the circular cylinders have changed positions mutually. - According to figure 3c the
stopper 6 has the shape of a frustum of acone 19 turned such that thebottom 20 of the cone is facing theliner 8. - According to the embodiment of the
stopper 6 shown in figure 3d, showing a cross section view through the centre of the stopper, thestopper 6 is funnel shaped having itstip 21 directed towards the charge unit. - Figure 3e shows an embodiment of the stopper having an essentially spherical shape 22.
- Taken together it is realised that the shape of the stopper can vary within wide limits and that the particular shape is dependent on i. a. the kind of fragmentation and directions of spreading wanted. When looking for example at the simple shape of the circular cylinder of the
stopper 6 of figure 1, it is realised that diameter and length can be varied. - Furthermore the material used for the stopper, such as steel and heavy metals, may be homogenous or non-homogenous in some way. It is also possible to mix different materials.
- The warhead according to the invention is thus not limited to the embodiments described above, but can be modified within the framework of the following claims and concept of the invention.
Claims (19)
- A warhead comprising a charge unit with an explosive charge, a liner and an initiator, the warhead having a fragmentation capacity, characterized in that a stopper is provided in front of the charge unit to interfere with the liner of the charge unit at such a distance from the charge unit that the essential part of the acceleration of the liner under influences from explosive gases of the explosive charge has taken place before reaching the stopper creating a splinter mode with fragments spread in desired directions of space.
- A warhead as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the stopper is exchangeable for different stopper embodiments.
- A warhead as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the stopper is provided in front of the charge unit such that it can be folded-away to give free way for a charge jet or projectile.
- A warhead as claimed in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stopper is provided at a distance in front of the charge unit that exceeds the length of the stopper.
- A warhead as claimed in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of the stopper is less than half the diameter of the charge unit.
- A warhead as claimed in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the length of the stopper lies within 0.5 to 5 times the diameter of the warhead and preferably within 0.5 to 1 times the diameter.
- A warhead as claimed in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stopper is provided a distance in front of the liner of the charge unit that essentially corresponds to a travelling time of the liner within a time interval of 30 - 150 µs and preferably 50 - 60 µs.
- A warhead as claimed in any of the preceding claims 1-7, characterized in that the stopper is rotation symmetrical.
- A warhead as claimed in any of the preceding claims 1-8, characterized in that the stopper is shaped as a circular cylinder.
- A warhead as claimed in any of the preceding claims 1-8, characterized in that the stopper is shaped as a rotation symmetrical body having a first section with a first diameter and a second section with a second diameter different from the first diameter.
- A warhead as claimed in any of the preceding claims 1-8, characterized in that the stopper is shaped as a frustum of a cone.
- A warhead as claimed in any of the preceding claims 1-8, characterized in that the stopper is funnel shaped having its tip directed towards the charge unit.
- A warhead as claimed in any of the preceding claims 1-8, characterized in that the stopper is shaped essentially as a spherical body.
- A warhead as claimed in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stopper is made of steel.
- A warhead as claimed in any of the preceding claims 1-13, characterized in that the stopper is made of heavy metal.
- A warhead as claimed in claim15, characterized in that the stopper is made of tungsten.
- A warhead as claimed in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the charge unit is embodied to explosively form a projectile.
- A projectile comprising a warhead as claimed in any of the preceding claims.
- A missile comprising a warhead as claimed in any of the preceding claims 1-17.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05445022A EP1715287B1 (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2005-04-19 | Warhead and projectile or missile comprising such a warhead |
AT05445022T ATE538357T1 (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2005-04-19 | WARHEAD AND PROJECTILE OR PROJECTILE CONTAINING SUCH |
ES05445022T ES2375713T3 (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2005-04-19 | HEAD OF COMBAT AND PROJECTABLE, OR MISSILE THAT INCLUDES SUCH HEAD OF COMBAT. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05445022A EP1715287B1 (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2005-04-19 | Warhead and projectile or missile comprising such a warhead |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1715287A1 true EP1715287A1 (en) | 2006-10-25 |
EP1715287B1 EP1715287B1 (en) | 2011-12-21 |
Family
ID=34977033
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05445022A Active EP1715287B1 (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2005-04-19 | Warhead and projectile or missile comprising such a warhead |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1715287B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE538357T1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2375713T3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2531660C1 (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2014-10-27 | Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение "СПЛАВ" | Warhead |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1283683A (en) * | 1960-03-19 | 1962-02-02 | Bolkow Entwicklungen Kg | Shaped load with coating |
DE1128345B (en) | 1960-03-05 | 1962-04-19 | Boelkow Entwicklungen Kg | Hollow explosive charge |
US5337673A (en) | 1993-12-17 | 1994-08-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Controlled fragmentation warhead case |
DE3616249C1 (en) * | 1986-05-14 | 1997-01-30 | Daimler Benz Aerospace Ag | Hollow charge projectile, esp. for use against active armour |
US5753850A (en) * | 1996-07-01 | 1998-05-19 | Western Atlas International, Inc. | Shaped charge for creating large perforations |
WO2002003008A1 (en) * | 2000-07-03 | 2002-01-10 | Bofors Defence Ab | A device with selectable units that are fired or launched |
-
2005
- 2005-04-19 EP EP05445022A patent/EP1715287B1/en active Active
- 2005-04-19 AT AT05445022T patent/ATE538357T1/en active
- 2005-04-19 ES ES05445022T patent/ES2375713T3/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1128345B (en) | 1960-03-05 | 1962-04-19 | Boelkow Entwicklungen Kg | Hollow explosive charge |
FR1283683A (en) * | 1960-03-19 | 1962-02-02 | Bolkow Entwicklungen Kg | Shaped load with coating |
DE3616249C1 (en) * | 1986-05-14 | 1997-01-30 | Daimler Benz Aerospace Ag | Hollow charge projectile, esp. for use against active armour |
US5337673A (en) | 1993-12-17 | 1994-08-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Controlled fragmentation warhead case |
US5753850A (en) * | 1996-07-01 | 1998-05-19 | Western Atlas International, Inc. | Shaped charge for creating large perforations |
WO2002003008A1 (en) * | 2000-07-03 | 2002-01-10 | Bofors Defence Ab | A device with selectable units that are fired or launched |
SE519365C2 (en) | 2000-07-03 | 2003-02-18 | Bofors Defence Ab | Arrangement at sliding ammunition unit with modularly constructed combat elements |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2531660C1 (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2014-10-27 | Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение "СПЛАВ" | Warhead |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2375713T3 (en) | 2012-03-05 |
ES2375713T8 (en) | 2012-03-23 |
ATE538357T1 (en) | 2012-01-15 |
EP1715287B1 (en) | 2011-12-21 |
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