EP1711996A1 - Electronically commutated electric motor, and method for controlling one such motor - Google Patents
Electronically commutated electric motor, and method for controlling one such motorInfo
- Publication number
- EP1711996A1 EP1711996A1 EP04804298A EP04804298A EP1711996A1 EP 1711996 A1 EP1711996 A1 EP 1711996A1 EP 04804298 A EP04804298 A EP 04804298A EP 04804298 A EP04804298 A EP 04804298A EP 1711996 A1 EP1711996 A1 EP 1711996A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electric motor
- duration
- pulse
- power
- motor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010065929 Cardiovascular insufficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
- H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
- H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
- H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
- H02P6/17—Circuit arrangements for detecting position and for generating speed information
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/28—Arrangements for controlling current
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electronically commutated electric motor and a method for controlling such a motor.
- the losses that occur at the output stage of the motor driver essentially consist of losses when switching the power transistors on and off (switching losses) and losses at the internal resistance R DS of the power transistors in the conductive state (master losses).
- a change in the motor current is achieved by changing the duty cycle t / T.
- the period T remains constant. This applies equally to the size of the switching losses.
- the conduction losses depend on the pulse duration t and increase in proportion to the engine power.
- the object of the present invention is to reduce the power loss of an electronically commutated electric motor. This object is achieved by an electric motor according to claim 1 or by a method according to claim 9.
- a basic idea of the invention is to keep the value Tt, ie the duration of the pulse pauses, constant or at least over a substantial working range.
- a change in the motor current is achieved according to the invention by adapting the period T or pulse duration t with a constant variable Tt. In other words, in contrast to conventional PWM methods, both period T and pulse duration t can be set variably.
- the level of the switching losses depends on the engine power.
- the method can be used particularly efficiently in the case of comparatively high engine outputs, since, due to the extended period T and the associated reduction in the clock frequency 1 / T of the switching signal, the switching losses decrease proportionally with increasing engine outputs.
- the simultaneous increasing conduction losses at the internal resistance of the power transistors are partially compensated for.
- the value of the pulse pause T-t is preferably set such that a low-noise mode of operation is ensured. This is particularly the case with period durations T ⁇ 50 ⁇ s. It is particularly advantageous if the constant duration of the pulse pause T-t can be variably set depending on the application.
- the very high power at the edge of the work area ie close to 100% of the maximum power Duration of the pulse pause "soft" reduced to zero. This has the advantage that the maximum power of the motor is available.
- the pulse duration t is kept constant at very low powers, that is to say in a low power range from 0 to 5% of the maximum power. This has the advantage that even such low outputs can be easily regulated.
- FIG. 1 shows a greatly simplified circuit diagram of an electronically commutated electric motor
- FIG. 2 shows a pulse diagram according to the PWM method (prior art)
- Fig. 3 is a timing diagram according to a method according to the invention.
- the electronically commutated direct current motor 10 has two stator winding strands 12, 14 and a permanent magnet rotor 16 (only shown symbolically), in the vicinity of which a Hall generator 18 is arranged.
- the strand 12 is in series with a first power transistor (MOSFET) 20 and the strand 14 is in series with a second power transistor (MOSFET) 22.
- the source connections of the field effect transistors 20, 22 and the emitters in bipolar transistors are common Source or emitter resistor 24 connected to a negative line 26.
- the strands 12, 14 are connected to a positive line 28. Plus line 28 and minus line 26 are in Operation connected to a power supply (not shown) or a battery.
- the strands 12, 14 are usually coupled to one another via the iron of the stator laminated core.
- the output signal of the Hall generator 18 is fed to the two inputs IN1 and IN2 of a microcontroller ( ⁇ C) 30.
- the ⁇ C 30 is connected with its VCC connection to the plus line 28 and with its GND connection to the minus line 26.
- the ⁇ C 30 generates signals OUT1 and OUT2 for controlling the power transistors 20, 22 and at the same time causes the motor to lock.
- the signal OUT1 is supplied to the gate of the transistor 20 via a resistor 32.
- the signal OUT2 is supplied to the gate of the transistor 22 via a resistor 34.
- the gate of the first transistor 20 is connected to the negative line 26 via a resistor 36.
- the gate of the second transistor 22 is connected to the negative line 26 via a resistor 38.
- the signals OUT1 and OUT2 are control signals according to a control method according to the invention.
- the power transistors 20, 22 are therefore driven with an essentially constant pulse pause Tt.
- the control signals U G for controlling the gate connections of the field effect transistors 20, 22 and the resulting drain voltage U D at the drain connection of the field effect transistor 20 are shown schematically.
- a speed controller (in ⁇ C 30) is preferably used to control the electric motor 10, with the aid of which the pulse duration t of the control pulses is influenced as a relevant manipulated variable.
- a torque controller can of course also be used.
- the control signals are generated by means of program or control routines running in the ⁇ C 30.
- the control method according to the invention is based on a conventional electric motor without major ones Modifications applicable. Only a corresponding change in the configuration or programming of the ⁇ C 30 is required.
- the ⁇ C 30 can be designed such that it changes between the method according to the invention and a PWM method or another control method depending on a predetermined or dynamically determined limit value during operation of the engine.
- the ⁇ C 30 can be designed such that control signals OUT1 and OUT2 with a constant pulse duration t are supplied to the power transistors 20, 22 at very low powers, in particular in a range from 0 to 5% of the maximum power.
- the ⁇ C 30 can be designed such that the control signals OUT1 and OUT2 have no pulse pauses T-t at all in the range of the maximum power of 100%, which is also referred to as block control.
- the electric motor 10 has the following preferred characteristic values:
- a DC motor with a maximum power of 10-50W pulse pauses Tt of 10 ⁇ s have proven to be particularly advantageous.
- the losses for a conventional PWM method are calculated as follows: p _
- a special feature of the circuit according to FIG. 1 is that due to the transformer coupling of the stator winding phases, an effective torque only occurs in the electric motor 10 at a pulse pause ratio t to Tt of 50% to 50%, and this produces an output.
- This type of circuit is advantageous because it generates little noise.
- the circuit of FIG. 1 can be modified by inserting a feedback diode or by being designed as a full bridge circuit. In these cases, the motor generates an output P> 0 with a pulse pause ratio t> 0% to T-t.
- FIG. 2 shows the voltage characteristic of a motor control, in which the voltage U D at the drain connection of the field effect transistor 20 or 22 is plotted as a function of the time t, and which is operated using the PWM method known from the prior art ,
- the characteristic is characterized by a constant period T PWM .
- the duration t PWM of the pulses 40, 42, 44 and thus also the duration T PWM - t PWM of the pulse pause 46, 48, 50 varies depending on the desired engine power.
- the level of switching losses is constant because exactly two switching processes take place in each period.
- the level of the conduction losses occurring at the internal resistance R DS of the power transistor 20, 22 depends on the pulse duration t PWM during which the power transistor 20, 22 conducts the current.
- FIG. 3 shows a voltage characteristic curve, in which the voltage U D (cf. FIG. 1) is plotted on the drain connection of the field effect transistor 20 or 22 as a function of the time t, for a motor control according to the method according to the invention. While the period T and the duration t of the pulses 52, 54, 56 are variable, the duration T-t of the pulse pause 58, 60, 62 is kept constant. The level of the switching losses is no longer constant, but depends on the engine power. The switching losses are particularly low with high engine outputs.
- the line losses at the internal resistance of the power transistors which increase with increasing motor power, are more than compensated for by the significant decrease in switching losses.
- the total losses in the method according to the invention are lower from a power of approximately 30W than in a conventional PWM method.
- a control of the electric motor using the PWM method can be provided up to a power of 30W.
- the method according to the invention is then used for higher engine outputs. Tests have shown that the method according to the invention can be used particularly efficiently in a power range above 50% of the maximum power.
- the method according to the invention is particularly efficient in a power range above 60% of the maximum power of the electric motor.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004006448 | 2004-02-03 | ||
PCT/EP2004/014707 WO2005076455A1 (en) | 2004-02-03 | 2004-12-24 | Electronically commutated electric motor, and method for controlling one such motor |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1711996A1 true EP1711996A1 (en) | 2006-10-18 |
Family
ID=34745229
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04804298A Withdrawn EP1711996A1 (en) | 2004-02-03 | 2004-12-24 | Electronically commutated electric motor, and method for controlling one such motor |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1711996A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102005002327A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005076455A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9835265B2 (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2017-12-05 | Honeywell International Inc. | Valve with actuator diagnostics |
US9851103B2 (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2017-12-26 | Honeywell International Inc. | Gas valve with overpressure diagnostics |
US9074770B2 (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2015-07-07 | Honeywell International Inc. | Gas valve with electronic valve proving system |
US8839815B2 (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2014-09-23 | Honeywell International Inc. | Gas valve with electronic cycle counter |
US9557059B2 (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2017-01-31 | Honeywell International Inc | Gas valve with communication link |
US8899264B2 (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2014-12-02 | Honeywell International Inc. | Gas valve with electronic proof of closure system |
US9995486B2 (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2018-06-12 | Honeywell International Inc. | Gas valve with high/low gas pressure detection |
US8947242B2 (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2015-02-03 | Honeywell International Inc. | Gas valve with valve leakage test |
US8905063B2 (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2014-12-09 | Honeywell International Inc. | Gas valve with fuel rate monitor |
US9846440B2 (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2017-12-19 | Honeywell International Inc. | Valve controller configured to estimate fuel comsumption |
US10422531B2 (en) | 2012-09-15 | 2019-09-24 | Honeywell International Inc. | System and approach for controlling a combustion chamber |
US9234661B2 (en) | 2012-09-15 | 2016-01-12 | Honeywell International Inc. | Burner control system |
EP2868970B1 (en) | 2013-10-29 | 2020-04-22 | Honeywell Technologies Sarl | Regulating device |
US10024439B2 (en) | 2013-12-16 | 2018-07-17 | Honeywell International Inc. | Valve over-travel mechanism |
US9841122B2 (en) | 2014-09-09 | 2017-12-12 | Honeywell International Inc. | Gas valve with electronic valve proving system |
US9645584B2 (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2017-05-09 | Honeywell International Inc. | Gas valve with electronic health monitoring |
US10503181B2 (en) | 2016-01-13 | 2019-12-10 | Honeywell International Inc. | Pressure regulator |
WO2018054423A1 (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2018-03-29 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Adjusting unit of an internal combustion engine |
EP3299595A1 (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2018-03-28 | Schaeffler Technologies GmbH & Co. KG | Camshaft adjuster |
DE102016218192B3 (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2018-01-25 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Phaser |
US10564062B2 (en) | 2016-10-19 | 2020-02-18 | Honeywell International Inc. | Human-machine interface for gas valve |
US11073281B2 (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2021-07-27 | Honeywell International Inc. | Closed-loop programming and control of a combustion appliance |
US10697815B2 (en) | 2018-06-09 | 2020-06-30 | Honeywell International Inc. | System and methods for mitigating condensation in a sensor module |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4757241A (en) * | 1987-10-19 | 1988-07-12 | General Electric Company | PWM system for ECM motor |
US5502361A (en) * | 1993-02-17 | 1996-03-26 | Pitney Bowes Inc. | Load current limiting circuit for PWM controlled brushless motor |
-
2004
- 2004-12-24 WO PCT/EP2004/014707 patent/WO2005076455A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-12-24 EP EP04804298A patent/EP1711996A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-01-17 DE DE200510002327 patent/DE102005002327A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2005076455A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2005076455A1 (en) | 2005-08-18 |
DE102005002327A1 (en) | 2005-08-11 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1711996A1 (en) | Electronically commutated electric motor, and method for controlling one such motor | |
EP1797634B1 (en) | Method and arrangement for controlling the electricity supply of an electronically commutated motor | |
EP1499008B1 (en) | Method and control system for electronic commutation of a brushless DC motor | |
EP1608057A1 (en) | Protection circuit for reducing electrical disturbances when operating a DC motor | |
EP1683259A1 (en) | Electronically commutated motor and method for controlling the same | |
DE10156939B4 (en) | Circuit arrangement for operating an electrical machine | |
DE3819062C3 (en) | Process for controlling brushless electric motors and control circuit therefor | |
DE3819064C3 (en) | Process for controlling brushless electric motors and control circuit therefor | |
DE10234397A1 (en) | Braked series motor and method for braking a series motor | |
DE4339553C1 (en) | Driver circuit for a stepper motor | |
DE102018108193A1 (en) | Control device and control method of a stepper motor | |
DE1538556A1 (en) | AC motor control system | |
EP2792061B1 (en) | Selective control of an alternating current motor or direct current motor | |
DE102009011275A1 (en) | A solenoid valve drive control apparatus and method for driving a solenoid valve | |
EP3375087A1 (en) | Interface | |
DE102005001319B4 (en) | Electric door opener | |
DE4323504B4 (en) | Circuit for energizing a brushless DC motor | |
EP2680432B1 (en) | Method for controlling a stepper motor | |
DE20305771U1 (en) | Circuit arrangement for operating stepper motors, activates fast-decay phase between end of on phase and end of defined time interval, and activates slow decay phase in second defined interval | |
DE112006001125T5 (en) | Motor current transformation | |
EP0190240B1 (en) | Collector-free direct current motor | |
DE102014208066A1 (en) | Method for current regulation of an inductive load | |
DE102005007511A1 (en) | System for controlling the speed of a motor | |
EP2510609B1 (en) | Method for operating a brushless dc machine and dc machine | |
DE102013206445A1 (en) | A method of operating a low pressure fuel delivery system and a low pressure fuel delivery system |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20060714 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB |
|
GRAC | Information related to communication of intention to grant a patent modified |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSCIGR1 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): DE FR GB |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: EBM-PAPST ST. GEORGEN GMBH & CO. KG |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20070530 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20110701 |