EP1709319A1 - Fuel injector with direct needle control - Google Patents
Fuel injector with direct needle controlInfo
- Publication number
- EP1709319A1 EP1709319A1 EP04802766A EP04802766A EP1709319A1 EP 1709319 A1 EP1709319 A1 EP 1709319A1 EP 04802766 A EP04802766 A EP 04802766A EP 04802766 A EP04802766 A EP 04802766A EP 1709319 A1 EP1709319 A1 EP 1709319A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- valve member
- injection valve
- area
- translator
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/21—Fuel-injection apparatus with piezoelectric or magnetostrictive elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
- F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
- F02M61/12—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies
Definitions
- Fuel injectors are used to supply the combustion chambers of ner internal combustion engines with fuel.
- the injection pressure is provided via a high-pressure accumulator. Due to the large volume of fuel in the high-pressure accumulator compared to the injection quantity, pressure fluctuations during the injection process are avoided.
- the fuel injectors are operated hydraulically with the fuel made available via the high-pressure accumulator.
- Fuel injectors such as those used in the prior art for high-pressure storage systems are e.g. B. from Mollenhauer, manual diesel engines, second edition, Springer publishing house, Berlin, 2002 known.
- both the opening and the closing process are hydraulically controlled.
- a control room in which fuel is under injection pressure is closed by a control valve.
- the fuel pressure acts on the rear of a control piston, which acts into the control chamber, and on a pressure shoulder on an injection valve member which closes the injection openings.
- the hydraulic force on the rear of the control piston is opposite to the hydraulic force that acts on the pressure shoulder. Due to the larger area on the control piston, the nozzle remains closed.
- the control valve opens the control chamber, the pressure in the control chamber is reduced and the hydraulic force on the pressure shoulder becomes greater than the pressure force acting on the rear of the control piston. This causes the injection valve member to open.
- the fuel is supplied both to the control chamber and to a pressure chamber, from which the fuel enters the combustion chamber via injection openings, via feed lines in the injector housing.
- the fuel injectors known from the prior art with an injection valve member, control piston and control valve have a complex structure. Presentation of the invention
- the fuel injector designed according to the invention provides a fuel injector for high-pressure storage systems with a compact structure.
- an actuator of the fuel injector acts directly on a pressure booster designed as a booster piston.
- the actuator is z.
- the actuator acts directly on an upper end face of the booster piston.
- a lower end face of the pressure booster forms one side of a booster space, an end face of a stepped injection valve member delimits the booster space on the opposite side.
- a shoulder is formed in the translator space so that the translator space tapers from a large to a smaller diameter.
- the larger diameter of the booster chamber faces the pressure booster of the same diameter, while the area of the booster chamber with a small diameter faces the injection valve member.
- the injection valve member is graded into a translator area, a guide area and an original area. To open injection openings, the injection valve member moves in the direction of the pressure intensifier. The end face of the translator area of the injection valve member moves into the translator space.
- the translator area of the injection valve member is surrounded by a spring chamber in which a spring element is received.
- the spring element is preferably designed as a spiral spring.
- the spring element On one side, the spring element is supported on a ring, which rests on an extension formed between the translator area and the guide area of the injection valve member.
- the spring element On the other hand, the spring element is supported against an end face of a sleeve which annularly surrounds the translator area of the injection valve member.
- the sleeve is provided with a biting edge on the side opposite the end face.
- the fuel used to operate the internal combustion engine flows from a high-pressure accumulator into an annular space surrounding the actuator.
- the fuel flows from the annular space into the spring space via bypasses accommodated in the injector housing.
- Fuel enters the booster chamber via guide leakage between the booster area of the injection valve member and the sleeve.
- the guide area of the injection valve member is provided with at least one bevel, so that the fuel between the Grind and the needle guide flows into an annular pressure chamber surrounding the nozzle needle region of the injection valve member.
- the formation of a bevel in the guide area of the injection valve member, along which the fuel can flow, ensures that system pressure prevails in the pressure chamber.
- the system pressure is preferably in the range from 150 to 2000 bar.
- the lead can be used to dispense with a supply line from the spring chamber into the pressure chamber. This simplifies the manufacturing process of the fuel injector.
- the piezo actuator When using a piezo actuator to control the fuel injector, the piezo actuator is energized to close the injection openings. When energized, the piezo crystals in the piezo actuator expand and the piezo actuator lengthens. The elongation of the piezo actuator exerts a force on the upper end face of the pressure intensifier. As a result, the pressure booster moves in the direction of the injection openings and thus reduces the translation space arranged on the underside of the pressure booster. Due to the decrease in volume of the translator room, the pressure in the translator room increases. As a result, a greater hydraulic force acts on the end face of the translator part of the injection valve member.
- the injection valve member Due to the hydraulic force on the end face of the translator part of the injection valve member and the spring force acting on the expansion between the translator area and the guide area of the injection valve member, the injection valve member is placed on a sealing edge of the pressure chamber facing the combustion chamber. As a result, the at least one injection opening in the combustion chamber is closed.
- the injection valve member moves from the sealing edge and thus releases the at least one injection opening.
- the piezo actuator is energized, causing the piezo crystals to expand and the piezo actuator to lengthen.
- the piezo actuator acts on the upper end face of the pressure booster, causing it to move in the direction of the injection openings. This leads to a reduction in the volume of the translator space, with the pressure in the translator space increasing at the same time. As a result, the hydraulic force acting on the end face of the booster area of the injection valve member increases.
- the injection valve member opens placed the sealing edge and thus closed the at least one injection opening.
- the single figure shows a fuel injector designed according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a fuel injector designed according to the invention.
- a fuel injector 1 designed according to the invention comprises a pressure booster 2 and a stepped injection valve member 3.
- the injection valve member 3 is preferably divided into a booster section 4, a guide area 5 and a nozzle needle section 6.
- the diameter d 2 of the booster section 4 of the injection valve member 3 is larger than that Diameter d 3 of the guide area 5 of the injection valve member 3.
- the diameter di of the nozzle needle area 6 is preferably smaller than the diameter d 3 of the guide area 5 of the injection valve member 3.
- the fuel injector 1 is preferably controlled by means of a piezo actuator 7.
- the control can also be carried out by an electromagnet or a hydraulic / mechanical actuator.
- the piezo actuator 7 is energized.
- the piezo actuator 7 acts directly on an upper end face 9 of the pressure booster 2 facing the piezo actuator 7.
- the pressure booster 2 designed as a piston is moved in the direction of the at least one injection opening 8.
- the pressure intensifier 2 delimits a translator space 11 with a lower end face 10.
- the volume of the translator space 11 is reduced by the movement of the pressure intensifier 2 in the direction of the at least one injection opening 8. As a result, the pressure in the translation chamber 11 increases.
- the booster room 11 is delimited by an end face 12 of the booster area 4 of the injection valve member 3. Due to the hydraulic force acting on the end face 12 of the booster area 4 of the injection valve member 3, the injection valve member 3 is placed against a sealing edge 13 arranged above the at least one injection opening 8. As a result, the at least one injection opening 8 is closed.
- a spring force which is generated by a spring element 15 accommodated in a spring chamber 14, supports the hydraulic force acting on the end face 12 of the translator area 4 of the injection valve member 3 when the injection valve member 3 is closed.
- a spiral spring is preferably used as the spring element 15.
- One side of the spring element 15 preferably lies on a ring 16, which in turn rests on a step 18 formed by an extension 17 between the translator area 4 and the guide area 5.
- the spring element 15 is preferably supported against an end face 20 of the sleeve 19.
- a biting edge 21 is formed on the side of the sleeve 19 opposite the end face 20. Due to the spring force applied to the end face 20 of the sleeve 19 by the spring element 15, the bite edge 21 of the sleeve 19 is pressed against a shoulder 22 in the injector housing 23. This leads to a liquid-tight and thus pressure-tight connection between the shoulder 22 of the injector housing 23 and the sleeve 19.
- the inside 24 of the sleeve 19 serves as a guide for the translator area 4 of the injection valve member 3 and at the same time as a lateral delimitation and seal of the booster chamber 11.
- the fuel injector 1 is connected to a high-pressure accumulator 26 via a feed line 25.
- the fuel enters the high-pressure accumulator 26 from a fuel storage container 27 via a high-pressure pump 28.
- the high-pressure pump 28 provides the system pressure from 150 to 2000 bar.
- the fuel flows from the high-pressure accumulator 26 via the feed line 25 into an annular space 29 surrounding the piezo actuator 7.
- the fuel flows from the annular space 29 via at least one Bypass 30 in the spring chamber 14.
- an annular gap 32 is formed between the outside 31 of the sleeve 19 and the wall of the injector housing 23.
- the fuel passes from the spring chamber 14 along a bevel 33 in the guide region 5 of the injection valve member 3 into a pressure chamber 34 surrounding the nozzle needle region 6 of the injection valve member 3.
- a bypass between the guide region 5 is created by the at least one bevel 33 in the guide region 5 of the injection valve member 3 of the injection valve member 3 and a needle guide 35 in the nozzle part 36 of the injector housing 23.
- connection of the pressure chamber 34 to the spring chamber 14 along the bevel 33, the connection of the spring chamber 14 to the annular chamber 29 via the at least one bypass 30 and the connection of the annular chamber 29 to the high-pressure accumulator 26 via the supply line 25 prevail both in the annular chamber 29 and also in the spring chamber 14 and in the pressure chamber 34 system pressure, which is preferably in the range of 150 to 2000 bar.
- the fuel supply to the booster chamber 11 takes place through guide leakage between the sleeve 19 and the booster area 4 of the injection valve member 3.
- the pressure in the booster room 11 changes.
- the pressure in the booster room 11 is preferably higher than that system pressure.
- the piezo actuator 7 is not energized, the pressure is preferably lower than the system pressure. A pressure-tight connection between the sleeve 19 and the shoulder 22 of the injector housing is therefore required.
- the energization of the piezo actuator 7 required for closing is ended.
- the piezo crystals in the piezo actuator 7 contract and the piezo actuator 7 contracts.
- the pressure booster 2 is moved in the direction of the piezo actuator 7. This increases the volume of the translator space 11, which leads to a drop in the pressure in the translator space 11 compared to the system pressure prevailing in the spring space 14.
- the hydraulic force acting on the end face 12 of the booster area 4 of the injection valve member 3 decreases.
- first pressure stage 38 formed on the extension 17 between the translator region 4 and the guide region 5 of the injection valve member 3
- second pressure stage 39 formed between the guide region 5 and the nozzle needle region 6 and on a needle tip of the injection valve member 3
- third pressure stage 40 formed directly above the sealing edge 13 has a constant hydraulic force which is directed against the hydraulic force on the end face 12 of the booster area 4 of the injection valve member 3.
- the hydraulic force on the first pressure stage 38, the second pressure stage 39 and the third pressure stage 40 is constant because the spring chamber 14 and the pressure chamber 34 constantly with stem pressure are applied.
- a safe operating behavior of the fuel injector 1 is achieved in that the diameter d 4 of the pressure booster 2 is larger than the diameter d 2 of the booster area 4 of the injection valve member 3.
- the diameter of the booster chamber 11 in the area of the pressure booster 2 corresponds to the diameter d of the pressure booster 2 and in the area of the translator area 4 of the injection valve member 3 the diameter d 2 of the translator area 4.
- the transition from the diameter of the pressure booster 2 to the diameter of the translator area 4 of the injection valve member 3 takes place by means of paragraph 22.
- the piezo actuator 7 is energized again. As a result, the piezo crystals in the piezo actuator 7 expand and the piezo actuator 7 lengthens. This leads to the pressure intensifier 2 moving in the direction of the at least one injection opening 8.
- the lower end face 10 of the pressure booster 2 moves into the booster room 11 and thus reduces its volume. As a result, the pressure in the booster chamber 11 increases and thus the hydraulic force acting on the end face 12 of the booster area 4 of the injection valve member 3.
- the diameter d 3 of the guide region 5 of the injection valve member 3 is smaller than the diameter d of the booster section 4 of the injection valve member 3 and furthermore the diameter d 2 of the booster section 4 of the injection valve member 3 is smaller than the diameter d 4 of the pressure booster 2
- the injector housing 23 is constructed in several parts.
- the piezo actuator 7 is surrounded by an upper housing part 42
- the pressure booster 2 is surrounded by a middle one Surround housing part 43, on which the shoulder 22 is also formed.
- the annular gap 32 surrounding the sleeve 19 and the spring chamber 14 are formed by a lower housing part 44.
- the lower housing part 44 is followed by the nozzle part 36, in which the needle guide 35, the pressure chamber 34 and the at least one injection opening 8 are received.
- the connection points of the housing parts 42, 43, 44, 36 are identified by parting lines 41.
- the connection of the housing parts 42, 43, 44, 36 is preferably positive, z. B. by welding.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200410002309 DE102004002309A1 (en) | 2004-01-16 | 2004-01-16 | Fuel injector with direct needle spreader |
PCT/DE2004/002553 WO2005068820A1 (en) | 2004-01-16 | 2004-11-19 | Fuel injector with direct needle control |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1709319A1 true EP1709319A1 (en) | 2006-10-11 |
EP1709319B1 EP1709319B1 (en) | 2010-08-11 |
Family
ID=34716617
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04802766A Expired - Fee Related EP1709319B1 (en) | 2004-01-16 | 2004-11-19 | Fuel injector with direct needle control |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1709319B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE102004002309A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005068820A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004005452B4 (en) * | 2004-02-04 | 2014-01-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Nozzle holder combination with direct-operated injection valve member |
DE102004044462A1 (en) * | 2004-09-15 | 2006-03-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Control valve for an injector |
DE102006012078A1 (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-05-16 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine with direct fuel injection |
DE102006053126A1 (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2008-05-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector |
DE102007001363A1 (en) | 2007-01-09 | 2008-07-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Injector for injecting fuel into combustion chambers of internal combustion engines |
DE102009000830A1 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2010-08-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector with length-adjustable coupler concept |
DE102009045348A1 (en) * | 2009-10-06 | 2011-04-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection valve and its manufacture |
DE102012005319A1 (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2013-09-19 | L'orange Gmbh | Injector assembly for fuel injector of motor vehicle, has actuating element that generates pressure in fluid, which is increased with respect to system high pressure, where injector assembly is formed to be effective against pressure force |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2636410B2 (en) * | 1989-03-27 | 1997-07-30 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Fuel supply pump control device for internal combustion engine |
DE19642441A1 (en) * | 1996-10-15 | 1998-04-16 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method for actuating a fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines |
DE10203657A1 (en) * | 2002-01-30 | 2003-08-28 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injector |
DE10213858A1 (en) * | 2002-03-27 | 2003-10-30 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injector |
DE10232193A1 (en) * | 2002-07-16 | 2004-02-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector |
DE10343086A1 (en) * | 2003-09-17 | 2005-05-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brenntoffeinspritzventil |
-
2004
- 2004-01-16 DE DE200410002309 patent/DE102004002309A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-11-19 EP EP04802766A patent/EP1709319B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-11-19 WO PCT/DE2004/002553 patent/WO2005068820A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-11-19 DE DE502004011535T patent/DE502004011535D1/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2005068820A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE502004011535D1 (en) | 2010-09-23 |
WO2005068820A1 (en) | 2005-07-28 |
EP1709319B1 (en) | 2010-08-11 |
DE102004002309A1 (en) | 2005-08-04 |
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