EP1703231B1 - Dispositif et méthode pour égaliser le niveau d'huile pour plusieurs compresseurs - Google Patents

Dispositif et méthode pour égaliser le niveau d'huile pour plusieurs compresseurs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1703231B1
EP1703231B1 EP20050004193 EP05004193A EP1703231B1 EP 1703231 B1 EP1703231 B1 EP 1703231B1 EP 20050004193 EP20050004193 EP 20050004193 EP 05004193 A EP05004193 A EP 05004193A EP 1703231 B1 EP1703231 B1 EP 1703231B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressors
oil
air conditioner
compressor
refrigerating machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP20050004193
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1703231A1 (fr
Inventor
Cheol-Min Kim
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LG Electronics Inc
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LG Electronics Inc
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Publication date
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Priority to EP20050004193 priority Critical patent/EP1703231B1/fr
Priority to DE200560021051 priority patent/DE602005021051D1/de
Publication of EP1703231A1 publication Critical patent/EP1703231A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/002—Lubrication
    • F25B31/004—Lubrication oil recirculating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
    • F25B6/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in parallel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for controlling oil of an air conditioner comprising a microcomputer sequentially stopping compressors installed in an air conditioner for a preset time, when an operation time of the air conditioner passes a preset time and thus a mode of the air conditioner is changed to an oil control mode, and then sequentially operating the compressors when the preset time elapses.
  • a microcomputer sequentially stopping compressors installed in an air conditioner for a preset time, when an operation time of the air conditioner passes a preset time and thus a mode of the air conditioner is changed to an oil control mode, and then sequentially operating the compressors when the preset time elapses.
  • an air conditioner cools warm air or heats cool air in a room.
  • a construction of an air conditioner having two compressors in accordance with a conventional art will now be described with reference to Figure 1 .
  • the two compressors are selectively operated according to a cooling load of a room.
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram showing a construction of an air conditioner having two compressors in accordance with the conventional art.
  • an air conditioner having two compressors includes a first compressor 18A and a second compressor 18B selectively operated according to a cooling load of a room to vary compressing capacity; a condenser 1 for radiating heat of a refrigerant compressed by the first and second compressors 18A, 18B; an expansion valve 2 for expanding the refrigerant discharged from the condenser 1; and an evaporator 3 receiving the refrigerant expanded by the expansion valve 3 and generating cool air.
  • the first compressor 18A is a compressor of small compressing capacity
  • the second compressor 18B is a compressor of high compressing capacity
  • suction pipes 9, 13 respectively connected to the first compressor 18A and the second compressor 18B are connected by hoses 5, 7 diverged from a suction hose 4 connected to the evaporator 3.
  • discharge pipes 11, 14 respectively connected to the first compressor 18A and the second compressor 18B are connected by hoses 10, 16 diverged from a discharge hose 17 connected to the condenser 1.
  • suction valves 6, 8 and discharge valves 12, 15 which are selectively opened/closed by hand or a control means such as a microcomputer or the like.
  • the air conditioner having the two compressors controls a cooling cycle by operating the first compressor 18A or/and the second compressor 18B according to the cooling load. That is, capacities of the compressors are changed in such a manner than the air conditioner operates only the first compressor 18A when an indoor cooling load is small, operates only the second compressor 18B when the indoor cooling load is large, and operates both the first and second compressors 18A, 18B when the indoor cooling load is maximum.
  • an air conditioner having four compressors has been used.
  • General operations of the air conditioner having four compressors are the same as those of the air conditioner of Figure 1 .
  • the four compressors may be designed to have the same compressing capacity or may be designed to have different compressing capacities.
  • JP 2004-116805 A The problem of the prior art disclosed in JP 2004-116805 A is that, when the compressors are all operated, most of the refrigerating machine oil is sucked into a only a certain one of the compressors, thereby causing insufficiency of refrigerating machine oil in the other compressors. In case of simultaneously operating oil compressors for many hours, the refrigerating machine oil is not distributed uniformly between the compressors, thereby causing damage to the compressors because of insufficient refrigerating machine oil.
  • an apparatus for controlling oil of an air conditioner comprising a microcomputer sequentially stopping compressors installed in an air conditioner for a preset time, when an operation time of the air conditioner passes a preset time and thus a mode of the air conditioner is changed to an oil control mode, and then sequentially operating the compressors when the preset time elapses, wherein the apparatus further comprises oil pipes connected to the compressors and for balancing oil in the compressors, wherein when one of the two, three or four compressors is stopped, the certain amount of refrigerating machine oil in a stopped compressor is sucked into the compressor in operation through the oil pipes, and an equalizer for maintaining internal pressure of the compressors to be uniform.
  • the above object is achieved by a method for controlling oil of an air conditioner comprising sequentially stopping compressors installed in an air conditioner for a preset time, when a mode of the air conditioner is changed to an oil control mode, sequentially operating the compressors when the preset time elapses, wherein the method further comprises installing an equalizer for maintaining internal pressure of the compressors to the compressors to be uniform in order to smoothly balance oil in the compressors, wherein oil pipes for balancing oil in the compressors are connected to the compressors, and wherein when one of the two, three or four compressors is stopped, the certain amount of refrigerating machine oil in a stopped compressor is sucked into the compressor in operation through the oil pipes.
  • the basic idea of the apparatus and method for controlling oil of an air conditioner according to the present invention is that on one hand oil pipes are provided which directly connect the plurality of compressors with each other such that, when oil mixed with a refrigerant in the compressors is sucked through one of the suction pipes into a first one of the compressors, a certain amount of the oil is automatically supplied to the other compressors through the oil pipes. Accordingly it is noted that the oil pipes on one hand and the suction pipes on the other hand are different (separate) elements which have different functions.
  • an equalizer is provided which allows a uniform distribution of pressure in the oil compressors.
  • both, the oil pipes and the equalizer lead to an exactly uniform distribution of oil in the compressors, even in case the refrigerant is sucked only into one of the compressors during operation. What is more, this uniform distribution may also be achieved without having to stop all the compressors altogether, i.e. without having to interrupt operation of the air conditioner completely. Damage to the compressors due to insufficient oil because of non-uniform distribution of oil in the compressors, when the compressors are operated for many hours, can thus be prevented.
  • Figure 2 is a block diagram showing a construction of an air conditioner having a multi-compressor to which an oil control apparatus is applied in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • an air conditioner having a multi-compressor in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention includes first ⁇ fourth compressors 1 ⁇ 4; a check valve 5; outdoor heat exchangers 6, 7; first and second expansion valves 8. 9; an indoor heat exchanger 10; an accumulator 11; a divergence pipe 12; first - fourth suction pipes 13-16; oil pipes 17; an equalizer (not shown); and a microcomputer (not shown).
  • an air conditioner having a multi-compressor e.g., four compressors
  • the construction of an air conditioner having a multi-compressor is the same as the above mentioned air conditioner, except oil pipes 17 connected to the first - fourth compressors 1 - 4 and uniformly dividing the refrigerating machine oil; the equalizer; and the microcomputer.
  • the first - fourth compressors are connected to one another through the oil pipes 17. That is, hereinafter, an apparatus and a method for controlling oil of a multi-compressor installed in the air conditioner, in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention, will now be described in detail.
  • An apparatus for controlling oil of a multi-compressor installed in the air conditioner includes a microcomputer sequentially stopping the first - fourth compressors 1 ⁇ 4 installed in the air conditioner for a preset time when a mode of the air conditioner is changed to an oil control mode, and then sequentially operating the first ⁇ fourth compressors 1 ⁇ 4 when the preset time elapses; oil pipes connected to each of first - fourth compressors in order that the amount of refrigerating machine oil in the first - fourth compressors maintains a normal level and is balanced; an equalizer for maintaining the same pressure in the first - fourth compressors in order to smoothly divide the refrigerating machine oil in the first - fourth compressors.
  • the apparatus for controlling oil e.g., refrigerating machine oil
  • a multi-compressor e.g., four compressors
  • the certain amount of refrigerating machine oil is supplied to the second - fourth compressors 2 ⁇ 4 through the oil pipes 17.
  • the first - fourth compressors 1 ⁇ 4 are connected by the equalizer (not shown) to thereby make inner pressures the same.
  • the four compressors are sequentially stopped, and then when predetermined time elapses, the first - fourth compressors 1 ⁇ 4 are sequentially operated, so that the refrigerating machine oil in the first ⁇ fourth compressors 1 ⁇ 4 is uniformly distributed through the oil pipes 17 connected to the first - fourth compressors 1 ⁇ 4.
  • the microcomputer changes a mode of the air conditioner to an oil control mode.
  • the microcomputer sequentially stops the first - fourth compressors 1 ⁇ 4 installed in the air conditioner for a preset time (e.g., one minute), and then, when the preset time elapses, the microcomputer sequentially operates the first - fourth compressors 1 ⁇ 4.
  • the certain amount of the refrigerating machine oil in the stopped compressor e.g., first compressor
  • the compressors e.g., second - fourth compressors
  • the oil pipes 17 connected to the first - fourth compressors 1 ⁇ 4 Accordingly, damage of the compressors (second ⁇ forth compressors) in operation, due to insufficient refrigerating machine oil can be prevented.
  • the microcomputer stops the first compressor 1 of the first - fourth compressors 1 ⁇ 4 installed in the air conditioner for one minute, and then when the one minute elapses, the microcomputer operates the first compressor 1. After operating the first compressor 1, the microcomputer stops the second compressor 2 for one minute.
  • the microcomputer When the one-minute elapses, the microcomputer operates the second compressor 2, and after operating the second compressor 2, the microcomputer stops the third compressor 3 for one minute. When the one-minute elapses, the microcomputer operates the third compressor 3, and after operating the third compressor 3, the microcomputer stops the fourth compressor 4 for one minute. When the one-minute elapses, the microcomputer operates the fourth compressor. Accordingly, when one of four compressors is stopped, the certain amount of refrigerating machine oil in a stopped compressor is sucked into the compressor in operation through the oil pipes 17. For this reason, the compressors having insufficient refrigerating machine oil can be prevented from being damaged, which occurs because refrigerating machine oil non-uniformly exists in the compressors when four compressors are simultaneously operated for a long time.
  • the equalizer is a pipe for maintaining the internal pressure of the first - fourth compressors the same in order that the refrigerating machine oil in the first - fourth compressors 1 ⁇ 4 is smoothly exchanged, but it is not an essential component. That is, the refrigerating machine oil in the first - fourth compressors is properly exchanged through the oil pipes 17 even without the equalizer.
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram showing a construction of an air conditioner having a multi-compressor including an oil control apparatus in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • an apparatus for controlling oil of a multi-compressor installed in an air conditioner in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention includes a microcomputer for sequentially stopping first - fourth compressors 1 ⁇ 4 installed in the air conditioner for a preset time when a mode of the air conditioner is changed to an oil control mode, and then sequentially operating the first - fourth compressors when the preset time elapses; and oil pipes connected to the first - fourth compressors in parallel in order that the amount of refrigerating machine oil in the first - fourth compressors maintains a normal level and is balanced.
  • the oil pipes 17 are connected to the first - fourth compressors in parallel, thereby uniformly dividing the refrigerating machine oil.
  • the divergence pipe 12 is not used in the air conditioner in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention, and first - fourth suction pipes 13 ⁇ 16 respectively connected to the first - fourth compressors are directly connected to the accumulator 11, so that the first ⁇ fourth suction pipe 13 ⁇ 16 can be easily welded. Since an operation of the oil control apparatus in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the oil control apparatus in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention, descriptions thereon will be omitted.
  • Figures 4A-4B are an operation flow chart of an oil control method of an air conditioner in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention. That is, Figure 4 describes an oil control method of an air conditioner when four compressors are installed in the air conditioner in accordance with the embodiment of the present invention in detail.
  • an oil control method of an air conditioner in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of: comparing an operation time of each of the first - fourth compressors 1 ⁇ 4 and a refrigerating machine oil shortage time that is preset according to the number of compressors, while the first - fourth compressors are operated in a cooling mode or a heating mode; changing a mode of the air conditioner to an oil control mode when the operation time of each of the first ⁇ fourth compressors 1 ⁇ 4 passes the preset refrigerating machine oil shortage time, and then stopping the first compressor 1 for a preset stopping time (e.g., for one minute); operating the first compressor 1 when the preset stopping time elapses, and then stopping the second compressor 2 for the preset stopping time; operating the second compressor 2 when the preset stopping time elapses, and then stopping the third compressor for the preset stopping time; operating the third compressor when the preset stopping time elapses, and then stopping the fourth compressor 4 for the preset stopping time; and operating the fourth compressor 4 when the prese
  • the microcomputer determines whether the operation time of each of first - fourth compressors elapses the preset refrigerating machine oil shortage time while the first ⁇ fourth compressors 1 ⁇ 4 are operated in a cooling mode or a heat mode of the air conditioner.
  • the preset refrigerating machine oil shortage time means a time at which a compressor (e.g., first compressor) which has insufficient refrigerating machine oil may be damaged as the refrigerating machine oil in the first - fourth compressors 1 ⁇ 4 is non-uniformly distributed when the first - fourth compressors 1 ⁇ 4 are operated for many hours.
  • the refrigerating machine oil shortage time is set to be two-hour when four compressors are installed in the air conditioner (S1).
  • the microcomputer changes a mode of the air conditioner to an oil control mode.
  • the oil control mode is for uniformly dividing the oil in the first - fourth compressors 1 ⁇ 4 when the operation time of each of the first ⁇ fourth compressors passes the refrigerating machine oil shortage time (e.g., two-hour) (S2).
  • the microcomputer stops the first compressor 1 for a preset stopping time.
  • the preset stopping time is one minute (S3).
  • the microcomputer When the preset stopping time elapses (S4), the microcomputer operates the first compressor 1 and then stops the second compressor 2 for the preset stopping time (S5).
  • the microcomputer When the preset stopping time elapses (S6), the microcomputer operates the second compressor 2, and then stops the third compressor for the preset stopping time (S7).
  • the microcomputer When the preset stopping time elapses (S8), the microcomputer operates the third compressor 3 and then stops the fourth compressor 4 for the preset stopping time (S9).
  • the microcomputer operates the fourth compressor 4 (S11) and then changes the oil control mode to the cooling mode or the heating mode (S12).
  • the microcomputer changes the cooling mode or the heat mode of the air conditioner to the oil control mode, so that the refrigerating machine oil in the first - fourth compressors 1 ⁇ 4 is uniformly distributed.
  • FIG 5 is an operation flow chart of an oil control method of an air conditioner in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention. That is, an oil control method of an air conditioner when three compressors are installed in the air conditioner in accordance with the embodiment of the present invention will now be described in detail.
  • the oil control method of the compressors installed in the air conditioner in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention includes: a step in which it is determined whether an operation time of each of first - third compressors 1 ⁇ 3 passes a refrigerating machine oil shortage time preset according to the number of compressors (three compressors) while the first - third compressors 1 ⁇ 3 are operated in a cooling mode or a heating mode of the air conditioner (S21); a step in which a mode of the air conditioner is changed to an oil control mode when the operation time of each of the first - third compressors passes the preset refrigerating machine oil shortage time, and then the first compressor 1 is stopped for a preset stopping time (e.g., one minute) (S22, S23); a step in which when the preset stopping time elapses (S24), the first compressor 1 is operated, and then the second compressor 2 is stopped for the preset stopping time (S25); a step in which when the preset stopping time elapses (S26), the second compressor 2
  • Figure 6 is an operation flow chart of an oil control method of an air conditioner in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the oil control method of compressors installed in the air conditioner in accordance with the third embodiment of the present invention includes: a step in which it is determined whether an operation time of each of first and second compressors 1, 2 passes a refrigerating machine oil shortage time preset according to the number of compressors (two compressors) while the first and second compressors are operated in a cooling mode or a heat mode of the air conditioner (S31); a step in which a mode of the air conditioner is changed to an oil control mode (S32) when the operation time of the first and second compressors 1, 2 passes the preset refrigerating machine oil shortage time, and then the first compressor 1 is stopped for a preset stopping time (e.g., one minute) (S33); a step in which when the preset stopping time elapses (S34), the first compressor 1 is operated, and then the second compressor 2 is stopped for the preset stopping time (S35); and a step in which when the preset stopping time elapses (S36), the second compressor is operated (S37) and
  • compressors installed in the air conditioner are sequentially stopped when a mode of the air conditioner is changed to an oil control mode, and the compressors are sequentially operated when the preset time elapses, so that refrigerating machine oil in the compressors can be uniformly distributed through oil pipes connected to the compressors. That is, in the apparatus and method for controlling oil of the air conditioner in accordance with the present invention, refrigerating machine oil in the compressors is uniformly distributed, so that damage of the compressor having insufficient refrigerating machine oil due to non-uniform division of the refrigerating machine oil in the compressors when the compressors are operated for many hours can be prevented.

Claims (5)

  1. Appareil pour contrôler l'huile d'un climatiseur comprenant:
    un compresseur multiple (1, 2, 3, 4);
    un micro-ordinateur stoppant séquentiellement lesdits compresseurs (1, 2, 3, 4) installés dans un climatiseur pour une durée préréglée quand un temps d'opération du climatiseur a dépassé une durée préréglée et ainsi un mode du climatiseur est modifié en un mode de commande d'huile et ainsi en fonctionnement séquentiel les compresseurs (1, 2, 3, 4) quand la durée préréglée est écoulée;
    caractérisé en ce que l'appareil comprend en outre:
    des tuyaux d'huile (17) connectant les compresseurs (1, 2, 3, 4) entre eux pour égaliser l'huile dans les compresseurs (1, 2, 3, 4);
    dans lequel si l'un des deux, trois ou quatre compresseurs (1, 2, 3, 4) est arrêté, la certaine quantité de l'huile de machine frigorifique dans un compresseur arrêté (1, 2, 3, 4) est aspirée dans le compresseur (1, 2, 3, 4) en fonctionnement à travers les tuyaux d'huile (17); et
    un égaliseur pour maintenir la pression interne des compresseurs (1, 2, 3, 4) uniforme.
  2. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les tuyaux d'huile (17) sont connectés parallèlement aux compresseurs (1, 2, 3, 4).
  3. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'huile est de l'huile de machine frigorifique.
  4. Appareil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que même si l'huile de machine frigorifique mixée à un réfrigérant dans les deux, trois ou quatre compresseurs (1, 2, 3, 4) est aspirée dans seulement un premier des les deux, trois ou quatre compresseurs (1, 2, 3, 4) après l'exécution d'un cycle de refroidissement ou de réchauffement les compresseurs restant (1, 2, 3, 4) sont alimentés d'une certaine quantité d'huile de machine frigorifique à travers les tuyaux d'huile (17).
  5. Procédé pour contrôler l'huile d'un climatiseur comprenant:
    l'arrêt séquentiel des compresseurs (1, 2, 3, 4) installé dans un climatiseur pour une durée préréglée, quand un mode du climatiseur passe à un mode de contrôle d'huile;
    le fonctionnement séquentiel des compresseurs (1, 2, 3, 4) quand la durée préréglée est écoulée;
    caractérisé en ce que le procédé comprend en outre:
    l'installation d'un égaliseur pour le maintien de la pression interne des compresseurs (1, 2, 3, 4) aux compresseurs (1, 2, 3, 4) uniforme afin d'équilibrer en douceur l'huile dans les compresseurs (1, 2, 3, 4),
    dans lequel les tuyaux d'huile (17) pour équilibrer l'huile dans les compresseurs (1, 2, 3, 4) sont connectés aux compresseurs (1, 2, 3, 4); et
    dans lequel si l'un des deux, trois ou quatre compresseurs (1, 2, 3, 4) est arrêté, une certaine quantité de l'huile de machine frigorifique dans un compresseur arrêté (1, 2, 3, 4) est aspirée dans le compresseur (1, 2, 3, 4) en fonctionnement à travers les tuyaux d'huile (17).
EP20050004193 2005-02-25 2005-02-25 Dispositif et méthode pour égaliser le niveau d'huile pour plusieurs compresseurs Expired - Fee Related EP1703231B1 (fr)

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EP20050004193 EP1703231B1 (fr) 2005-02-25 2005-02-25 Dispositif et méthode pour égaliser le niveau d'huile pour plusieurs compresseurs
DE200560021051 DE602005021051D1 (de) 2005-02-25 2005-02-25 Ölstandausgleichsanlage für mehrere Verdichter und zugehöriges Regelverfahren

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EP20050004193 EP1703231B1 (fr) 2005-02-25 2005-02-25 Dispositif et méthode pour égaliser le niveau d'huile pour plusieurs compresseurs

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EP1703231A1 EP1703231A1 (fr) 2006-09-20
EP1703231B1 true EP1703231B1 (fr) 2010-05-05

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DE602005021051D1 (de) 2010-06-17
EP1703231A1 (fr) 2006-09-20

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