EP1696444A2 - Summation current transformer - Google Patents

Summation current transformer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1696444A2
EP1696444A2 EP06101331A EP06101331A EP1696444A2 EP 1696444 A2 EP1696444 A2 EP 1696444A2 EP 06101331 A EP06101331 A EP 06101331A EP 06101331 A EP06101331 A EP 06101331A EP 1696444 A2 EP1696444 A2 EP 1696444A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
current transformer
summation current
transformer according
secondary winding
shield
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06101331A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1696444B1 (en
EP1696444A3 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Bross
Bernhard Schmid
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication of EP1696444A3 publication Critical patent/EP1696444A3/en
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Publication of EP1696444B1 publication Critical patent/EP1696444B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/20—Instruments transformers
    • H01F38/38—Instruments transformers for polyphase ac
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H01F27/36—Electric or magnetic shields or screens
    • H01F27/366—Electric or magnetic shields or screens made of ferromagnetic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/20—Instruments transformers
    • H01F38/22—Instruments transformers for single phase ac
    • H01F38/28—Current transformers
    • H01F38/30—Constructions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
    • H01H83/14—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by unbalance of two or more currents or voltages, e.g. for differential protection
    • H01H83/144—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by unbalance of two or more currents or voltages, e.g. for differential protection with differential transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/288—Shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H01F27/36—Electric or magnetic shields or screens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/20—Instruments transformers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a summation current transformer for the universal current-sensitive detection of an electrical differential current.
  • the differential current is determined by a phase-correct addition of the currents flowing in several, for example, in two to four primary conductors.
  • the inductive principle is used, so that initially only currents with an alternating component, ie alternating differential currents and pulsating DC differential currents, can be detected.
  • an all-current-sensitive summation current transformer is known, which is also suitable for detecting smooth DC differential currents in conjunction with an electronic unit.
  • the specially designed summation current transformer comprises two magnetic cores, one of which is intended for the alternating components and the other for the DC components.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a summation current transformer for AC-sensitive differential current detection, which is also suitable for use at a high nominal current.
  • the magnetic shield Due to the magnetic shield provided between the barrier and the magnetic cores, it is possible to design the summation current transformer also for higher nominal current values.
  • the magnetic shield consists of a free-cutting steel and in a deep-drawn embodiment of a deep-drawn sheet metal. With magnetic shielding, rated currents of 125 A and more can be realized.
  • the magnetic shield prevents external magnetic fields in the secondary winding from inducing interference voltages and thus reducing the detection accuracy of the summation current transformer. Such external magnetic fields are caused in the region lying outside the passage opening, for example by the primary conductor extending there deviating from the middle axis direction or by other current-carrying lines present there or by adjacent assemblies or devices. The outer magnetic fields are the stronger, the higher, inter alia, the current flow in the primary conductors.
  • magnetic shielding also keeps the function at high primary conductor currents the summation current transformer and any connected units safely.
  • the magnetic shield also prevents a stronger magnetic field, which is also caused in the interior of the passage opening due to the higher current values, from extending to a significant extent even into the outer region of the summation current transformer.
  • an electronic evaluation unit is provided in the immediate vicinity of the summation current transformer in order to be able to detect smooth DC differential currents as well. A strong magnetic field which penetrates outward from the summation current transformer would also jeopardize the functionality of this evaluation unit.
  • the inventively provided magnetic shield prevents this and thus allows for otherwise identical functionality the use at high rated currents.
  • a variant in which the shielding contains a first partial shielding surrounding the first magnet core and the first secondary winding and a second partial shielding surrounding the second magnet core and the second secondary winding is favorable. As a result, a particularly efficient shielding of the generated magnetic fields is achieved.
  • first and the second partial shielding can each be embodied in at least two parts. This facilitates the assembly.
  • an electrical insulation is provided between the magnetic shield and the secondary windings. This prevents short circuits between the shield and the secondary windings.
  • the electrical insulation as an insulating film for example, as a deep-drawn Kunststoffisolierfolie, is formed, which simplifies the production.
  • first and the second magnetic core are each designed as a ribbon core, which is arranged in a first or in a second trough.
  • the trough protects against mechanical damage.
  • two pins are mounted on the first trough, which protrude perpendicular to the center axis of the bulkhead and is electrically connected to the respective one of the two loose ends of the first secondary winding.
  • the pins have a high mechanical stability and are therefore very well as electrical connection points of the wound on the trough secondary winding.
  • support elements for supporting an evaluation unit and / or fastening elements for fastening an evaluation unit are provided on the partition.
  • AC-sensitive means that the frequency range of the detected differential current can be in the range between 0 Hz and a few 10 kHz.
  • the substantially cylindrical summation current transformer 1 contains two magnetic cores, namely an FI core 2 and a DI core 3.
  • the FI core 2 is mainly intended for detecting currents with alternating components, whereas the DI core 3 essentially serves for detecting direct currents.
  • Both magnetic cores are band cores made of crystalline or amorphous NiFe ribbons. To protect against mechanical damage, they are arranged in a FI trough 4 or in a DI trough 5.
  • Both troughs 4 and 5 are designed as snapping troughs with a snap-in lid. They are made of an electrically insulating material. In the embodiment, a plastic is provided.
  • the FI trough 4 is wound with a FI secondary winding 6 and the DI trough 5 with a DI secondary winding 7.
  • a thin lacquer-insulated secondary winding wire is provided for the FI and DI secondary winding 6 and 7 respectively.
  • the FI secondary winding 6 is surrounded by a FI insulating film 8 and with an FI shield 10.
  • the DI secondary winding 7 is surrounded by a DI insulating film 9 and a DI shield 11.
  • the FI and DI insulating film 8 and 9 and the FI and DI shield 10 and 11 are designed in the embodiment for ease of assembly each in two parts.
  • the FI and DI insulating film 8 and 9 are thermoformed plastic films, in your later Form can be prefabricated and then postpone easily to the respective relevant of the FI and DI secondary winding 6 and 7 respectively.
  • the FI and DI shields 10 and 11 are made of a magnetic metal.
  • a steel material with a wall thickness of 0.5 mm is provided. Basically, a wall thickness in the range between 0.2 mm and 2.0 mm can be selected. Then there is a good compromise between the greatest possible shielding effect and the smallest possible geometric dimensions.
  • the FI and DI insulating film 8 or 9 cause additional insulation of the secondary winding wire relative to the metallic RCD shield 10 or DI shield 11. During winding, it may damage the paint insulation on the secondary winding wire in the edge region.
  • the FI and DI insulating film 8 and 9 prevent at these locations an electrical contact to the FI shield 10 and DI shield 11th
  • the thus wound and shielded cores 2 and 3 are arranged one behind the other in the direction of a center axis 12 of the summation current transformer 1. Between the FI shield 10 and the DI shield 11, a small axial distance is provided. This distance is at least so great that a test winding 13 led outwards with its connections can be placed around at least one of the two shields 10 and 11. In the exemplary embodiment, the test winding 13 surrounds the DI shield 11.
  • an extension 14 is provided, in which two metal pins 15 are sunk in, for example, with their free ends protrude slightly from the extension 14 and also from the outer peripheral wall of the summation current transformer 1.
  • the metal pins 15 are oriented radially, ie perpendicular to the center axis 12. Accordingly, an extension 16 is also disposed on the DI trough 5, are inserted into the metal pins 17.
  • the metal pins 17 are axially oriented, ie in the direction of the center axis 12. They protrude from an outer end wall of the summation current transformer 1 out.
  • the loose ends of the FI secondary winding 6 are electrically connected to one of the metal pins 15, respectively.
  • the loose ends of the DI secondary winding 7 are electrically connected to one of the metal pins 17, respectively.
  • a recess 18 for the extension 14 and the metal pins 15 is provided in the FI shield 10, as well as a recess 19 in the DI shield 11 for the extension 16 and the metal pins 17th
  • the summation current transformer 1 has a partition 20, which consists of a bulkhead middle part 21 and two laterally attached bulkhead covers 22 and 23.
  • the partition 20 is designed so that in the center of the cylindrical shape, ie in the region of the center axis 12, a total of four passage openings in the form of longitudinal channels 24 (see FIG 3) for receiving and guiding of primary conductors, not shown are formed. Apart from recesses 25, 26 and 27 for the metal pins 15 and 16 and for the terminals of the test winding 13, the partition 20 closes the summation current transformer 1 completely.
  • the partition 20 also separates the FI and DI side subunits.
  • each supports 28 and two snap hooks 29 are also formed on the partition 20.
  • the partition is made of a plastic material, so that molding of the supports 28 and the snap hook 29 can be accomplished easily in connection with the injection molding of the partition 20.
  • the arrangement of the supports 28 and the snap hook 29 on the partition 20 can be seen in particular from the illustration in FIG.
  • the supports 28 and the snap hooks 29 serve the storage and attachment of an evaluation unit not shown in detail directly on or on the summation current transformer. 1
  • the evaluation unit is provided for further processing of the metal pins 15 and 17 tappable output signals of the summation current transformer 1.
  • a smooth DC differential current can be detected in the primary conductors to be monitored.
  • a printed circuit board assembly of the evaluation unit can be plugged directly onto the metal pins 15 and electrically connected by means of a solder joint.
  • the metal pins 15 cause a very stable structure, so that the printed circuit board can be placed without mechanical damage to this electrical connection is to be feared.
  • the metal pins 16 are intended for electrical connection to the evaluation unit.
  • the summation current transformer 1 has a very compact design, which can also be used in applications with only a small available installation volume. Space-saving effect on the one hand, the closely spaced arrangement of the FI and DI-side sub-units, as well as the possibility for direct placement of the evaluation unit on the summation current transformer. 1

Abstract

The transformer has a passage opening which continues in a direction of a center axis and is designed for receiving a primary conductor that is monitored with respect to a residual current. Magnetic cores (2, 3) surrounding the passage opening are wound with primary and secondary windings (6, 7), respectively. Magnetic shields (10, 11) are arranged between a compartmentalization (20) and the magnetic cores.

Description

Summenstromwandler zur allstromsensitiven Erfassung eines elektrischen DifferenzstromesSummation current transformer for the universal current-sensitive detection of an electrical differential current

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Summenstromwandler zur allstromsensitiven Erfassung eines elektrischen Differenzstromes.The invention relates to a summation current transformer for the universal current-sensitive detection of an electrical differential current.

Bei einem Summenstromwandler wird der Differenzstrom durch eine phasenrichtige Addition der in mehreren, beispielsweise in zwei bis vier Primärleitern fließenden Ströme ermittelt. Hierbei kommt das induktive Prinzip zum Einsatz, so dass zunächst nur Ströme mit einem Wechselanteil, also Wechsel-Differenzströme und pulsierende Gleich-Differenzströme, erfasst werden können. Aus der EP 1 267 467 A2 ist ein allstromsensitiver Summenstromwandler bekannt, der sich in Verbindung mit einer elektronischen Einheit auch zur Erfassung von glatten Gleich-Differenzströmen eignet. Der speziell ausgebildete Summenstromwandler umfasst zwei Magnetkerne, von denen einer für die Wechselanteile und der andere für die Gleichanteile bestimmt ist.In a summation current transformer, the differential current is determined by a phase-correct addition of the currents flowing in several, for example, in two to four primary conductors. Here, the inductive principle is used, so that initially only currents with an alternating component, ie alternating differential currents and pulsating DC differential currents, can be detected. From EP 1 267 467 A2 an all-current-sensitive summation current transformer is known, which is also suitable for detecting smooth DC differential currents in conjunction with an electronic unit. The specially designed summation current transformer comprises two magnetic cores, one of which is intended for the alternating components and the other for the DC components.

Neben dem weiten Frequenzbereich sind allstromsensitive Summenstromwandler auch auf einen möglichst geringen Platzbedarf ausgelegt, da der bei Anwendungen in der Installationstechnik zur Verfügung stehende Einbauplatz meistens begrenzt ist. Dagegen ist der Nennstrom von allstromsensitiven Summenstromwandlern, also der zulässige Strom in einem Primärleiter, oft auf einen Wert von 80 A beschränkt. Auch noch niedrigere Nennstromwerte sind durchaus üblich.In addition to the wide frequency range, universal current-sensitive summation current transformers are also designed for the smallest possible space requirement, since the installation space available for applications in installation technology is usually limited. In contrast, the rated current of all-current sensitive summation current transformers, ie the permissible current in a primary conductor, is often limited to a value of 80 A. Even lower nominal current values are quite common.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht deshalb darin, einen Summenstromwandler zur allstromsensitiven Differenzstromerfassung anzugeben, der sich auch zum Einsatz bei einem hohen Nennstrom eignet.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a summation current transformer for AC-sensitive differential current detection, which is also suitable for use at a high nominal current.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch die Merkmale des unabhängigen Patentanspruchs 1. Der erfindungsgemäße Summenstromwandler zur allstromsensitiven Erfassung eines elektrischen Differenzstromes umfasst

  • a) eine eine äußere Umwandung bildende Schottung,
  • b) mindestens eine Durchgangsöffnung, die in Richtung einer Mittenachse verläuft und die zur Aufnahme mindestens zweier hinsichtlich des Differenzstromes überwachten Primärleiter bestimmt ist,
  • c) einen mit einer ersten Sekundärwicklung bewickelten und die Durchgangsöffnung umgebenden ersten Magnetkern,
  • d) einen mit einer zweiten Sekundärwicklung bewickelten und die Durchgangsöffnung umgebenden zweiten Magnetkern und
  • e) eine zwischen der Schottung einerseits und dem ersten und dem zweiten Magnetkern andererseits angeordnete magnetische Abschirmung.
This object is achieved by the features of independent claim 1. The sum current transformer according to the invention for the universal current sensitive detection of an electrical differential current comprises
  • a) a partition forming an external wall,
  • b) at least one passage opening which runs in the direction of a center axis and which is intended to receive at least two primary conductors monitored with respect to the differential current,
  • c) a first magnetic core wound with a first secondary winding and surrounding the through-opening,
  • d) a wound with a second secondary winding and the passage opening surrounding the second magnetic core and
  • e) on the other hand arranged between the bulkhead on the one hand and the first and the second magnetic core magnetic shield.

Aufgrund der zwischen der Schottung und den Magnetkernen vorgesehenen magnetischen Abschirmung ist es möglich, den Summenstromwandler auch für höhere Nennstromwerte auszulegen. Insbesondere besteht die magnetische Abschirmung bei einer gedrehten Ausführungsform aus einem Automatenstahl und bei einer tiefgezogenen Ausführungsform aus einem Tiefziehblech. Mit der magnetischen Abschirmung lassen sich Nennstromstärken von 125 A und mehr realisieren. Die magnetische Abschirmung verhindert, dass äußere Magnetfelder in der Sekundärwicklung Störspannungen induzieren und damit die Erfassungsgenauigkeit des Summenstromwandlers reduzieren. Derartige äußere Magnetfelder werden im außerhalb der Durchgangsöffnung liegenden Bereich hervorgerufen, beispielsweise durch die dort abweichend von der Mittenachsenrichtung verlaufenden Primärleiter oder durch dort vorhandene andere stromdurchflossene Leitungen oder durch benachbarte Baugruppen oder Geräte. Die äußeren Magnetfelder sind umso stärker, je höher u.a. der Stromfluss in den Primärleitern ist. Die magnetische Abschirmung stellt aber auch bei hohen Primärleiter-Strömen die Funktionstüchtigkeit des Summenstromwandlers und der etwaig angeschlossenen Einheiten sicher.Due to the magnetic shield provided between the barrier and the magnetic cores, it is possible to design the summation current transformer also for higher nominal current values. In particular, in a rotated embodiment, the magnetic shield consists of a free-cutting steel and in a deep-drawn embodiment of a deep-drawn sheet metal. With magnetic shielding, rated currents of 125 A and more can be realized. The magnetic shield prevents external magnetic fields in the secondary winding from inducing interference voltages and thus reducing the detection accuracy of the summation current transformer. Such external magnetic fields are caused in the region lying outside the passage opening, for example by the primary conductor extending there deviating from the middle axis direction or by other current-carrying lines present there or by adjacent assemblies or devices. The outer magnetic fields are the stronger, the higher, inter alia, the current flow in the primary conductors. However, magnetic shielding also keeps the function at high primary conductor currents the summation current transformer and any connected units safely.

Die magnetische Abschirmung verhindert darüber hinaus auch, dass sich ein aufgrund der höheren Stromwerte auch im Inneren der Durchgangsöffnung hervorgerufenes stärkeres Magnetfeld in nennenswertem Umfang auch bis in den Außenbereich des Summenstromwandlers erstreckt. Gerade bei der allstromsensitiven Differenzstromerfassung ist in unmittelbarer Nachbarschaft zum Summenstromwandler eine elektronische Auswerte-Einheit vorgesehen, um auch glatte Gleich-Differenzströme erfassen zu können. Ein aus dem Summenstromwandler nach außen dringendes starkes Magnetfeld würde die Funktionsfähigkeit auch dieser Auswerte-Einheit in Frage stellen. Die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene magnetische Abschirmung verhindert dies und ermöglicht somit bei ansonsten gleicher Funktionalität den Einsatz bei hohen Nennströmen.In addition, the magnetic shield also prevents a stronger magnetic field, which is also caused in the interior of the passage opening due to the higher current values, from extending to a significant extent even into the outer region of the summation current transformer. Especially in the case of the AC-sensitive differential current detection, an electronic evaluation unit is provided in the immediate vicinity of the summation current transformer in order to be able to detect smooth DC differential currents as well. A strong magnetic field which penetrates outward from the summation current transformer would also jeopardize the functionality of this evaluation unit. The inventively provided magnetic shield prevents this and thus allows for otherwise identical functionality the use at high rated currents.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Summenstromwandlers ergeben sich aus den Merkmalen der von Anspruch 1 abhängigen Ansprüche.Advantageous embodiments of the summation current transformer according to the invention will become apparent from the features of the dependent claims of claim 1.

Günstig ist eine Variante, bei der die Abschirmung eine den ersten Magnetkern und die erste Sekundärwicklung umgebende erste Teilabschirmung sowie eine den zweiten Magnetkern und die zweite Sekundärwicklung umgebende zweite Teilabschirmung enthält. Dadurch wird eine besonders effiziente Abschirmung der erzeugten Magnetfelder erreicht.A variant in which the shielding contains a first partial shielding surrounding the first magnet core and the first secondary winding and a second partial shielding surrounding the second magnet core and the second secondary winding is favorable. As a result, a particularly efficient shielding of the generated magnetic fields is achieved.

Weiterhin können die erste und die zweite Teilabschirmung jeweils mindestens zweiteilig ausgeführt sein. Dies erleichtert die Montage.Furthermore, the first and the second partial shielding can each be embodied in at least two parts. This facilitates the assembly.

Gemäß einer anderen Variante ist zwischen der magnetischen Abschirmung und den Sekundärwicklungen eine elektrische Isolation vorgesehen. Dies verhindert Kurzschlüsse zwischen der Abschirmung und den Sekundärwicklungen. Insbesondere ist die elektrische Isolation als Isolierfolie, beispielsweise als tiefgezogene Kunststoffisolierfolie, ausgebildet ist, wodurch sich die Fertigung vereinfacht.According to another variant, an electrical insulation is provided between the magnetic shield and the secondary windings. This prevents short circuits between the shield and the secondary windings. In particular, the electrical insulation as an insulating film, for example, as a deep-drawn Kunststoffisolierfolie, is formed, which simplifies the production.

Günstig ist weiterhin eine Variante, bei der der erste und der zweite Magnetkern jeweils als ein Bandkern ausgeführt ist, der in einem ersten bzw. in einem zweiten Trog angeordnet ist. Der Trog bietet Schutz vor einer mechanischen Beschädigung. Vorzugsweise sind am ersten Trog zwei Anschlussstifte angebracht, die senkrecht zur Mittenachse aus der Schottung herausstehen und an die jeweils eines der beiden losen Enden der ersten Sekundärwicklung elektrisch angeschlossen ist. Die Anschlussstifte weisen eine hohe mechanische Stabilität auf und eignen sich deshalb sehr gut als elektrische Anschlussstellen der auf den Trog gewickelten Sekundärwicklung.Furthermore, a variant is expedient in which the first and the second magnetic core are each designed as a ribbon core, which is arranged in a first or in a second trough. The trough protects against mechanical damage. Preferably, two pins are mounted on the first trough, which protrude perpendicular to the center axis of the bulkhead and is electrically connected to the respective one of the two loose ends of the first secondary winding. The pins have a high mechanical stability and are therefore very well as electrical connection points of the wound on the trough secondary winding.

Bei weiteren Ausgestaltungen sind an der Schottung Stützelemente zur Lagerung einer Auswerte-Einheit und/oder Befestigungselemente zur Befestigung einer Auswerte-Einheit vorgesehen. Damit kann ein mechanisch stabiler Verbund aus dem Summenstromwandler und der darauf platzierten Auswerte-Einheit geschaffen werden.In further embodiments support elements for supporting an evaluation unit and / or fastening elements for fastening an evaluation unit are provided on the partition. Thus, a mechanically stable composite of the summation current transformer and the evaluation unit placed thereon can be created.

Weitere Merkmale, Vorteile und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispieles anhand der Zeichnung. Es zeigt:

FIG 1
ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Summenstromwandlers zur allstromsensitiven Differenzstromerfassung in einer Längsschnittdarstellung,
FIG 2
den Summenstromwandler gemäß FIG 1 ohne äußere Schottung in perspektivischer Ansicht und
FIG 3
den Summenstromwandler gemäß FIG 1 in perspektivischer Ansicht.
Further features, advantages and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the drawing. It shows:
FIG. 1
an embodiment of a summation current transformer for universal current differential current detection in a longitudinal sectional view,
FIG. 2
the summation current transformer according to FIG 1 without outer partitioning in perspective view and
FIG. 3
the summation current transformer according to FIG 1 in a perspective view.

Einander entsprechende Teile sind in den FIG 1 bis 3 mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen.Corresponding parts are provided in the Figures 1 to 3 with the same reference numerals.

Im Folgenden wird unter Bezugnahme auf die FIG 1 bis 3 ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines allstromsensitiven Summenstromwandlers 1 zur Erfassung von elektrischen Differenzströmen beschrieben. Allstromsensitiv bedeutet, dass der Frequenzbereich des erfassten Differenzstromes im Bereich zwischen 0 Hz und einigen 10 kHz liegen kann.An embodiment of an all-current-sensitive summation current transformer 1 for detecting electrical differential currents is described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. AC-sensitive means that the frequency range of the detected differential current can be in the range between 0 Hz and a few 10 kHz.

Aus der Längsschnittdarstellung gemäß FIG 1 geht hervor, dass der im Wesentlichen zylindrische Summenstromwandler 1 zwei Magnetkerne, nämlich eine FI-Kern 2 und einen DI-Kern 3, enthält. Der FI-Kern 2 ist hauptsächlich zur Erfassung von Strömen mit Wechselanteilen bestimmt, wohingegen der DI-Kern 3 im Wesentlichen zur Erfassung von Gleich-Strömen dient. Beide Magnetkerne sind Bandkerne, die aus kristallinen oder amorphen NiFe-Bändern gefertigt sind. Zum Schutz vor mechanischer Beschädigung sind sie in einem FI-Trog 4 bzw. in einem DI-Trog 5 angeordnet. Beide Tröge 4 und 5 sind als Schnapptröge mit einem einschnappenden Deckel ausgebildet. Sie sind aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Material hergestellt. Im Ausführungsbeispiel ist ein Kunststoff vorgesehen.1 shows that the substantially cylindrical summation current transformer 1 contains two magnetic cores, namely an FI core 2 and a DI core 3. The FI core 2 is mainly intended for detecting currents with alternating components, whereas the DI core 3 essentially serves for detecting direct currents. Both magnetic cores are band cores made of crystalline or amorphous NiFe ribbons. To protect against mechanical damage, they are arranged in a FI trough 4 or in a DI trough 5. Both troughs 4 and 5 are designed as snapping troughs with a snap-in lid. They are made of an electrically insulating material. In the embodiment, a plastic is provided.

Der FI-Trog 4 ist mit einer FI-Sekundärwicklung 6 und der DI-Trog 5 mit einer DI-Sekundärwicklung 7 bewickelt. Für die FI-und DI-Sekundärwicklung 6 bzw. 7 ist jeweils ein dünner lackisolierter Sekundärwicklungsdraht vorgesehen.The FI trough 4 is wound with a FI secondary winding 6 and the DI trough 5 with a DI secondary winding 7. For the FI and DI secondary winding 6 and 7 respectively a thin lacquer-insulated secondary winding wire is provided.

Die FI-Sekundärwicklung 6 ist mit einer FI-Isolierfolie 8 sowie mit einer FI-Abschirmung 10 umgeben. Die DI-Sekundärwicklung 7 ist mit einer DI-Isolierfolie 9 sowie mit einer DI-Abschirmung 11 umgeben. Die FI- und DI-Isolierfolie 8 bzw. 9 sowie die FI- und DI-Abschirmung 10 bzw. 11 sind im Ausführungsbeispiel zur leichteren Montage jeweils zweiteilig ausgeführt. Bei der FI- und DI-Isolierfolie 8 bzw. 9 handelt es sich um tiefgezogene Kunststofffolien, die in Ihrer späteren Form vorgefertigt werden können und sich danach problemlos auf die jeweils maßgebliche der FI- und DI-Sekundärwicklung 6 bzw. 7 aufschieben lassen. Die FI- und DI-Abschirmung 10 bzw.11 bestehen aus einem magnetischen Metall. Im Ausführungsbeispiel ist ein Stahl-Material mit einer Wandstärke von 0,5 mm vorgesehen. Grundsätzlich kann eine Wandstärke im Bereich zwischen 0,2 mm und 2,0 mm gewählt werden. Dann ist ein guter Kompromiss zwischen größtmöglicher Abschirmwirkung und kleinstmöglichen geometrischen Abmessungen gegeben.The FI secondary winding 6 is surrounded by a FI insulating film 8 and with an FI shield 10. The DI secondary winding 7 is surrounded by a DI insulating film 9 and a DI shield 11. The FI and DI insulating film 8 and 9 and the FI and DI shield 10 and 11 are designed in the embodiment for ease of assembly each in two parts. In the FI and DI insulating film 8 and 9 are thermoformed plastic films, in your later Form can be prefabricated and then postpone easily to the respective relevant of the FI and DI secondary winding 6 and 7 respectively. The FI and DI shields 10 and 11 are made of a magnetic metal. In the exemplary embodiment, a steel material with a wall thickness of 0.5 mm is provided. Basically, a wall thickness in the range between 0.2 mm and 2.0 mm can be selected. Then there is a good compromise between the greatest possible shielding effect and the smallest possible geometric dimensions.

Die FI- und DI-Isolierfolie 8 bzw. 9 bewirken eine zusätzliche Isolation des Sekundärwicklungsdrahts gegenüber der metallischen FI-Abschirmung 10 bzw. DI-Abschirmung 11. Während der Bewicklung kann es im Kantenbereich zu einer Beschädigung der Lackisolation am Sekundärwicklungsdraht kommen. Die FI-und DI-Isolierfolie 8 bzw. 9 verhindern an diesen Stellen einen elektrischen Kontakt zur FI-Abschirmung 10 bzw. DI-Abschirmung 11.The FI and DI insulating film 8 or 9 cause additional insulation of the secondary winding wire relative to the metallic RCD shield 10 or DI shield 11. During winding, it may damage the paint insulation on the secondary winding wire in the edge region. The FI and DI insulating film 8 and 9 prevent at these locations an electrical contact to the FI shield 10 and DI shield 11th

Die so bewickelten und abgeschirmten Kerne 2 und 3 sind in Richtung einer Mittenachse 12 des Summenstromwandlers 1 hintereinander angeordnet. Zwischen der FI-Abschirmung 10 und der DI-Abschirmung 11 ist ein geringer axialer Abstand vorgesehen. Dieser Abstand ist mindestens so groß, dass eine mit ihren Anschlüssen nach außen geführte Prüfwicklung 13 um zumindest eine der beiden Abschirmungen 10 und 11 gelegt werden kann. Im Ausführungsbeispiel umgibt die Prüfwicklung 13 die DI-Abschirmung 11.The thus wound and shielded cores 2 and 3 are arranged one behind the other in the direction of a center axis 12 of the summation current transformer 1. Between the FI shield 10 and the DI shield 11, a small axial distance is provided. This distance is at least so great that a test winding 13 led outwards with its connections can be placed around at least one of the two shields 10 and 11. In the exemplary embodiment, the test winding 13 surrounds the DI shield 11.

Am FI-Trog 4 ist ein Fortsatz 14 vorgesehen, in den zwei Metallstifte 15 so eingelassen beispielsweise mit eingegossen sind, dass ihre freien Enden ein Stück aus dem Fortsatz 14 und auch aus der äußeren Umfangswand des Summenstromwandlers 1 herausragen. Die Metallstifte 15 sind radial orientiert, d.h. senkrecht zur Mittenachse 12. Entsprechend ist auch am DI-Trog 5 ein Fortsatz 16 angeordnet, in den Metallstifte 17 eingelassen sind. Die Metallstifte 17 sind axial orientiert, also in Richtung der Mittenachse 12. Sie ragen aus einer äußeren Stirnseitenwand des Summenstromwandlers 1 heraus. Die losen Enden der FI-Sekundärwicklung 6 sind elektrisch jeweils an einen der Metallstifte 15 angeschlossen. Die losen Enden der DI-Sekundärwicklung 7 sind elektrisch jeweils an einen der Metallstifte 17 angeschlossen. Gemäß der Darstellung nach FIG 2 ist in der FI-Abschirmung 10 eine Aussparung 18 für den Fortsatz 14 und die Metallstifte 15 vorgesehen, wie auch eine Aussparung 19 in der DI-Abschirmung 11 für den Fortsatz 16 und die Metallstifte 17.At the end of the trough 4, an extension 14 is provided, in which two metal pins 15 are sunk in, for example, with their free ends protrude slightly from the extension 14 and also from the outer peripheral wall of the summation current transformer 1. The metal pins 15 are oriented radially, ie perpendicular to the center axis 12. Accordingly, an extension 16 is also disposed on the DI trough 5, are inserted into the metal pins 17. The metal pins 17 are axially oriented, ie in the direction of the center axis 12. They protrude from an outer end wall of the summation current transformer 1 out. The loose ends of the FI secondary winding 6 are electrically connected to one of the metal pins 15, respectively. The loose ends of the DI secondary winding 7 are electrically connected to one of the metal pins 17, respectively. As shown in FIG 2, a recess 18 for the extension 14 and the metal pins 15 is provided in the FI shield 10, as well as a recess 19 in the DI shield 11 for the extension 16 and the metal pins 17th

Als äußere Umwandung und Schutzhülle weist der Summenstromwandler 1 eine Schottung 20 auf, die aus einem Schottungsmittelteil 21 sowie zwei seitlich aufgesetzten Schottungsdeckeln 22 und 23 besteht. Die Schottung 20 ist so gestaltet, dass im Zentrum der Zylinderform, also im Bereich der Mittenachse 12, insgesamt vier Durchgangsöffnungen in Gestalt von Längskanälen 24 (siehe FIG 3) zur Aufnahme und Führung von nicht näher dargestellten Primärleitern gebildet sind. Abgesehen von Aussparungen 25, 26 und 27 für die Metallstifte 15 und 16 bzw. für die Anschlüsse der Prüfwicklung 13 schließt die Schottung 20 den Summenstromwandler 1 vollständig ab. Außerdem trennt die Schottung 20 auch die FI- und DI-seitig vorgesehenen Teileinheiten voneinander.As external conversion and protective cover, the summation current transformer 1 has a partition 20, which consists of a bulkhead middle part 21 and two laterally attached bulkhead covers 22 and 23. The partition 20 is designed so that in the center of the cylindrical shape, ie in the region of the center axis 12, a total of four passage openings in the form of longitudinal channels 24 (see FIG 3) for receiving and guiding of primary conductors, not shown are formed. Apart from recesses 25, 26 and 27 for the metal pins 15 and 16 and for the terminals of the test winding 13, the partition 20 closes the summation current transformer 1 completely. In addition, the partition 20 also separates the FI and DI side subunits.

In dem Bereich, in dem die Metallstifte 15 aus der Umfangfläche der Schottung 20 herausragen, sind außerdem vier Stützen 28 und zwei Schnapphaken 29 an die Schottung 20 angeformt. Die Schottung besteht aus einem Kunststoffmaterial, so dass ein Anformen der Stützen 28 und der Schnapphaken 29 einfach im Zusammenhang mit der Spritzgussherstellung der Schottung 20 bewerkstelligt werden kann. Die Anordnung der Stützen 28 und der Schnapphaken 29 an der Schottung 20 ist insbesondere aus der Darstellung gemäß FIG 3 ersichtlich. Die Stützen 28 und die Schnapphaken 29 dienen der Lagerung und Befestigung einer nicht näher gezeigten Auswerte-Einheit unmittelbar auf bzw. an dem Summenstromwandler 1.In the area in which the metal pins 15 protrude from the peripheral surface of the partition 20, four supports 28 and two snap hooks 29 are also formed on the partition 20. The partition is made of a plastic material, so that molding of the supports 28 and the snap hook 29 can be accomplished easily in connection with the injection molding of the partition 20. The arrangement of the supports 28 and the snap hook 29 on the partition 20 can be seen in particular from the illustration in FIG. The supports 28 and the snap hooks 29 serve the storage and attachment of an evaluation unit not shown in detail directly on or on the summation current transformer. 1

Die Auswerte-Einheit ist zur Weiterverarbeitung der an den Metallstiften 15 und 17 abgreifbaren Ausgangssignale des Summenstromwandlers 1 vorgesehen. Auf diese Weise lässt sich insbesondere auch ein glatter Gleich-Differenzstrom in den zu überwachenden Primärleitern detektieren. Vorteilhafterweise kann eine Flachbaugruppe der Auswerte-Einheit direkt auf die Metallstifte 15 gesteckt und mittels einer Lötverbindung elektrisch angeschlossen werden. Die Metallstifte 15 bewirken einen sehr stabilen Aufbau, so dass die Flachbaugruppe aufgesetzt werden kann, ohne dass eine mechanische Beschädigung dieses elektrischen Anschlusses zu befürchten ist. Auch die Metallstifte 16 sind zum elektrischen Anschluss an die Auswerte-Einheit bestimmt.The evaluation unit is provided for further processing of the metal pins 15 and 17 tappable output signals of the summation current transformer 1. In this way, in particular, a smooth DC differential current can be detected in the primary conductors to be monitored. Advantageously, a printed circuit board assembly of the evaluation unit can be plugged directly onto the metal pins 15 and electrically connected by means of a solder joint. The metal pins 15 cause a very stable structure, so that the printed circuit board can be placed without mechanical damage to this electrical connection is to be feared. The metal pins 16 are intended for electrical connection to the evaluation unit.

Insgesamt weist der Summenstromwandler 1 einen sehr kompakten Aufbau auf, der auch bei Anwendungen mit einem nur geringen verfügbaren Einbauvolumen zum Einsatz kommen kann. Platzsparend wirkt sich zum einen die eng benachbarte Anordnung der FI- und DI-seitigen Teileinheiten aus, wie auch die Möglichkeit zur direkten Platzierung der Auswerte-Einheit auf dem Summenstromwandler 1.Overall, the summation current transformer 1 has a very compact design, which can also be used in applications with only a small available installation volume. Space-saving effect on the one hand, the closely spaced arrangement of the FI and DI-side sub-units, as well as the possibility for direct placement of the evaluation unit on the summation current transformer. 1

Aufgrund der FI-Abschirmung 10 und der DI-Abschirmung 11 steht einer derartig nahen Anordnung der elektronischen Auswerte-Einheit das sich andernfalls auch in den Außenbereich erstreckende Magnetfeld nicht entgegen. Außerdem wird eine Störbeeinflussung der in der FI-Sekundärwicklung 6 und in der DI-Sekundärwicklung 7 induzierten Spannungen durch außerhalb des Summenstromwandlers 1 erzeugte Magnetfelder unterbunden. Diese äußeren Magnetfelder werden wirkungsvoll abgeschirmt. Aufgrund der Abschirmwirkung sind keine magnetfeldbedingten Funktionsbeeinträchtigungen in der Auswerte-Einheit zu befürchten. Die gute Abschirmwirkung ermöglicht außerdem, den Summenstromwandler 1 mit höheren zulässigen Nennstromwerten in den Primärleitern zu betreiben. So ist beim Ausführungsbeispiel des Summenstromwandlers 1 ein Nennstrom von 125 A problemlos möglich. Darüber hinaus sind auch noch höhere Nennstromwerte grundsätzlich zu realisieren.Because of the FI shielding 10 and the DI shield 11, such a close arrangement of the electronic evaluation unit does not preclude the otherwise also extending magnetic field in the outer region. In addition, an interference of the voltages induced in the FI secondary winding 6 and in the DI secondary winding 7 is suppressed by magnetic fields generated outside the summation current transformer 1. These external magnetic fields are effectively shielded. Due to the shielding effect, no magnetic field-related functional impairments are to be feared in the evaluation unit. The good shielding effect also makes it possible to operate the summation current transformer 1 with higher permissible nominal current values in the primary conductors. Thus, in the embodiment of the summation current transformer 1, a rated current of 125 A is easily possible. In addition, even higher nominal current values can basically be realized.

Claims (9)

Summenstromwandler zur allstromsensitiven Erfassung eines elektrischen Differenzstromes umfassend a) eine eine äußere Umwandung bildende Schottung (20), b) mindestens eine Durchgangsöffnung (24), die in Richtung einer Mittenachse (12) verläuft und die zur Aufnahme mindestens zweier hinsichtlich des Differenzstromes überwachten Primärleiter bestimmt ist, c) einen mit einer ersten Sekundärwicklung (6) bewickelten und die Durchgangsöffnung (24) umgebenden ersten Magnetkern (2), d) einen mit einer zweiten Sekundärwicklung (7) bewickelten und die Durchgangsöffnung (24) umgebenden zweiten Magnetkern (3) und e) eine zwischen der Schottung (20) einerseits und dem ersten und dem zweiten Magnetkern (2, 3) andererseits angeordnete magnetische Abschirmung (10, 11). Summation current transformer for the universal current sensitive detection of a differential electrical current comprising a) an outer wall forming partition (20), b) at least one passage opening (24) which runs in the direction of a center axis (12) and which is intended to receive at least two primary conductors monitored with respect to the differential current, c) a first magnetic core (2) wound with a first secondary winding (6) and surrounding the passage opening (24), d) a wound with a second secondary winding (7) and the through hole (24) surrounding the second magnetic core (3) and e) a between the partition (20) on the one hand and the first and the second magnetic core (2, 3) on the other hand arranged magnetic shield (10, 11). Summenstromwandler nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abschirmung eine den ersten Magnetkern (2) und die erste Sekundärwicklung (6) umgebende erste Teilabschirmung (10) sowie eine den zweiten Magnetkern (3) und die zweite Sekundärwicklung (7) umgebende zweite Teilabschirmung (11) enthält.Summation current transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that the shielding a first partial shield (10) surrounding the first magnetic core (2) and the first secondary winding (6) and a second partial shielding (11) surrounding the second magnetic core (3) and the second secondary winding (7). 11). Summenstromwandler nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste und die zweite Teilabschirmung (10, 11) jeweils mindestens zweiteilig ausgeführt sind.Summation current transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that the first and the second partial shield (10, 11) are each designed at least in two parts. Summenstromwandler nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen der magnetischen Abschirmung (10, 11) und den Sekundärwicklungen (6, 7) eine elektrische Isolation (8, 9) vorgesehen ist.Summation current transformer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an electrical insulation (8, 9) is provided between the magnetic shield (10, 11) and the secondary windings (6, 7). Summenstromwandler nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrische Isolation als Isolierfolie (8, 9), insbesondere als tiefgezogene Kunststoffisolierfolie, ausgebildet ist.Summation current transformer according to claim 4, characterized in that the electrical insulation as an insulating film (8, 9), in particular as a deep-drawn Kunststoffisolierfolie is formed. Summenstromwandler nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste und der zweite Magnetkern (2, 3) jeweils als ein Bandkern ausgeführt ist, der in einem ersten bzw. in einem zweiten Trog (4, 5) angeordnet ist.Summation current transformer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and the second magnetic core (2, 3) is designed in each case as a ribbon core, which is arranged in a first and in a second trough (4, 5). Summenstromwandler nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am ersten Trog (4) zwei Anschlussstifte (15) angebracht sind, die senkrecht zur Mittenachse (12) aus der Schottung (20) herausstehen und an die jeweils eines der beiden losen Enden der ersten Sekundärwicklung (6) elektrisch angeschlossen ist.Summation current transformer according to claim 6, characterized in that on the first trough (4) two pins (15) are mounted, which protrude perpendicular to the central axis (12) from the bulkhead (20) and to the respective one of the two loose ends of the first secondary winding ( 6) is electrically connected. Summenstromwandler nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an der Schottung (20) Stützelemente (28) zur Lagerung einer Auswerte-Einheit vorgesehen sind.Summation current transformer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that support elements (28) for supporting an evaluation unit are provided on the partition (20). Summenstromwandler nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an der Schottung (20) Befestigungselemente (29) zur Befestigung einer Auswerte-Einheit vorgesehen sind.Summation current transformer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that fastening elements (29) for fastening an evaluation unit are provided on the partition (20).
EP06101331A 2005-02-17 2006-02-06 Summation current transformer Not-in-force EP1696444B1 (en)

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EP1696444A3 (en) 2009-07-01

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