EP1696402A1 - Kommunikationssystem mit Kreuzkompatibilität und zugehörigem Kommunikationsrahmen - Google Patents

Kommunikationssystem mit Kreuzkompatibilität und zugehörigem Kommunikationsrahmen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1696402A1
EP1696402A1 EP06290273A EP06290273A EP1696402A1 EP 1696402 A1 EP1696402 A1 EP 1696402A1 EP 06290273 A EP06290273 A EP 06290273A EP 06290273 A EP06290273 A EP 06290273A EP 1696402 A1 EP1696402 A1 EP 1696402A1
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Prior art keywords
frame
protocol
control
data
frames
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EP06290273A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1696402B1 (de
Inventor
Jérôme Duval
Serge Neuman
Michel Fournet
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Somfy SA
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Somfy SA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a communication system which makes it possible to ensure cross-compatibility between products of an older generation and products of a new generation.
  • Cross-compatibility means upward and downward compatibility.
  • Backward compatibility is ensured when new receivers accept and understand data transmitted by old transmitters according to an old protocol; and downward compatibility is provided when older receivers accept and understand data transmitted by new protocol to a new protocol.
  • the present invention relates to the field of the remote control of actuators and in particular to the wireless control of actuators used in a home automation system for the comfort and safety of the building, for example for lighting, the operation of closures , solar protection, ventilation systems and air conditioning, etc.
  • Home automation systems conventionally comprise actuators with associated sensors forming command receivers controlled by control units or control points forming command transmitters.
  • the term "transmitter” will henceforth denote a device adapted to transmit control data and "receiver” means a device adapted to receive and interpret control data.
  • the receivers are linked to actuators, for example electromechanical actuators, to transform the received order into action on an element of the home automation system.
  • the transmission of data between the transmitter and the receiver is conventionally done by a radiofrequency-type link, although other transmission media are possible, such as an infrared link, for example.
  • Transmitters and receivers can be nomadic or fixed and include an autonomous power supply, for example on batteries.
  • a fixed receiver can itself be powered by batteries or via photovoltaic cells for example, if it is connected to a separate actuator, which avoids wiring; and the receive function can be activated on command or intermittently to limit consumption.
  • the data transmitted between a transmitter and a receiver contain information about the nature of the command, the identification of the receiver and the transmitter and other information such as encryption data, command history issued and the verification of the integrity of the data transmitted.
  • the transmitted data is organized in a predetermined manner by a protocol.
  • a protocol is a set of specifications describing conventions and rules to follow in a data exchange. Protocols are used to ensure efficiency in data exchange.
  • WO 92/01979 discloses a non-wired communication protocol extension for passing from fixed codes to rotating codes, which is similar to an increase in the number of possible addresses for the protocol.
  • the old frames have messages of ten words of 4 bits each. Two consecutive frames are separated by pauses (white intervals) of 39 bits. Each frame start is signaled by a synchronization bit.
  • the frame is repeated a certain number of times, as long as the pressing of the key of the transmitter at the origin of this transmission is maintained.
  • the transmission times of frames are in fact generally well below the time of manual support.
  • the receiver recognizes the transmitted format by detecting a synchronization bit in a white interval and records the message of 10 words transmitted.
  • the new frames contain, for their part, signals of twenty words, divided into two messages of ten words. Each message of ten words is transmitted in a traditional way, that is to say as an old frame with white intervals separating the two messages.
  • the synchronization bit of the second message is however modified with respect to the first. Each message part is recorded successively by the receiver.
  • the synchronization bit of the second message is used to identify whether it is a second message part, and therefore a frame of the new generation, or another message of the old generation (repetition of the frame or frame with different content).
  • WO 01/31873 presents a protocol extension for frames of fixed length and predetermined content.
  • This patent application describes the state of the art by mentioning that the known protocol extensions allowing downward compatibility consist in providing an explicit mechanism indicating an extension of the frames, for example by an indication of the frame length, a coding of indicator or reserved data.
  • These known methods are not systematically applicable and in particular are not applicable in the case of a fixed-length frame protocol, in which all the bits are used or reserved.
  • the field extensions are not contiguous to existing fields of the protocol, but placed elsewhere in the message.
  • WO 98/34208 discloses a compatibility management system between an older generation of products using infrared transmission and a new generation of products using a radio frequency transmission.
  • Downward compatibility is defined such that the products of an older generation only consider part of the data transmitted for their operation but all the data for the calculation of a checksum, known as the "checksum" .
  • the new generation protocol must keep the checksum as the last data passed in order to maintain this compatibility.
  • the upward compatibility is ensured by the control of the number of transmitted data and the determination of the corresponding protocol type by the receivers of the new generation. In this system, the data inside the frame is reorganized and not contiguous as a result of an old frame.
  • the protocol extension described in the aforementioned document WO 92/01979 may disturb the reception of a message by receivers of an older generation.
  • the complementary information is not integrated in the same frame and the transmission flow (cyclic repetition of frames and inter-frame intervals) of messages readable by the receivers of an older generation is not the same according to whether it is an issue by an issuer of an old or a new generation.
  • the invention proposes to add additional information following a conventional frame of an existing protocol by transmitting this information in the inter-frame interval usually provided for in the protocol.
  • a frame for a protocol of a new generation comprises a first part comprising data corresponding to a conventional frame of an existing protocol and a second part comprising additional data and starting with a relay bit set at a predetermined value.
  • the relay bit and the second part of the frame are transmitted during the time interval corresponding to the inter-frame silence of the existing protocol.
  • the invention also relates to a command transmitter for a telecommunication system adapted to transmit control frames according to the invention.
  • the invention further relates to a command receiver for a telecommunication system adapted to receive control frames according to the invention.
  • the receiver is adapted to interpret the content of the second part of data.
  • the receiver interprets the content of the second portion of data according to the content of the first portion of data.
  • the receiver is adapted to interpret the contents of the first portion of data and to interpret the second portion of data as noise.
  • order issuers and "order receivers” are used in the following to designate objects whose function is to transmit or receive the commands given by a user.
  • An order transmitter is also commonly called a control unit, while an order receiver is a sensor controlling an opening or moving screen actuator.
  • the invention is an extension of existing protocol.
  • RTS Radio Technology Somfy TM
  • the RTS protocol is a widely proven and widespread protocol in the world of home automation. It is linked to ergonomics known by installers and its transmission qualities are reliable, particularly in terms of power and acceptance of frames by the receivers of orders.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a conventional RTS frame transmission.
  • a frame hereinafter referred to as a basic frame, is introduced by a number of electronic synchronization pulses (called “hardware”) and starts with a software synchronization pulse (called “software”).
  • the RTS frames are repeated cyclically and separated from each other by inter-frame silences during which no signal is transmitted.
  • the control frames are repeated several times cyclically to ensure that at least one of the frames is correctly received by the receiver and / or to verify that certain commands are not not maintained so extended.
  • the reaction time of the transmitter causes the transmission of several complete frames corresponding to the same support. It is expected a time-out, for example 10s, to stop the transmission, for example in the case of a long press on the remote control key.
  • inter-frame interval The set comprising inter-frame silence and hardware synchronization bits is called inter-frame interval. It is understood that the receiver does not perceive silence during this interval, but noise, as opposed to interpretable data. These non-coded silence intervals allow the receiver's electronics to correctly identify each beginning and end of the frame and to have the time to properly process the received data, for example to perform the decryption and the calculation of the checksum.
  • the duration between the start of two consecutive frames is constant for a given protocol.
  • the inter-frame silence time is not decisive for a correct transmission of the frame and it can be slightly variable without affecting the correct reception of the data.
  • the inter-frame interval makes it possible above all to maintain a margin of safety for the processing of the data in the previously transmitted frame and also serves to mark the flow of the various cyclically repeated frames.
  • the frame flow is defined by a transmission rate of sets each consisting of a frame and an inter-frame interval.
  • the duration of transmission of a complete frame according to the RTS protocol is of the order of 140 ms, including the hardware synchronization, the software synchronization, the data frame as such and the end of frame silence.
  • the silence time between the end of the data frame and a new hardware synchronization is of the order of 34 ms.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the organization of data in a conventional RTS frame.
  • An RTS frame contains 56 bits distributed as follows.
  • the first byte contains an encryption key constituted by a random number.
  • the second byte contains 4 bits identifying the nature of the command (door opening or closing for example) and 4 checksum bits, called checksums.
  • the third and fourth bytes are rotating code bits, modified according to a predetermined algorithm with each press on the remote control of the transmitter to constitute security to piracy.
  • the following bytes comprise the address bits identifying the transmitter.
  • the 24 address bits make it possible to create pairings between transmitters and receivers. Sharing a common identifier allows the receiver to recognize orders from an order issuer, to answer them. One can assimilate to the list of identifiers any information relating to the control of a particular order receiver by a particular issuer of orders. It can therefore be an encryption key specific to this pair of elements or any confidential data useful for the transmission and / or execution of an order.
  • the conventional RTS protocol is not optimal for an application to autonomous receivers.
  • autonomous products are not connected to the electricity grid and therefore have limited energy resources.
  • Autonomous receivers generally operate as follows: the receiver's electronics are put to sleep for reasons of energy saving. Regularly, the receiver wakes up, listens if it receives a signal and if not, goes back to sleep.
  • To be adapted to a communication according to a protocol of RTS or equivalent type it is necessary to provide a wake-up time of the receiver at least equivalent to the inter-frame silence time. This inter-frame silence is relatively long in the case of the RTS protocol, which is not compatible with the consumption standards or lifetimes required for autonomous products.
  • a frame for a protocol of a new generation comprises a first part consisting of a basic RTS frame comprising first data and a first control field, such as a first checksum, and a second part comprising second data and a second control field, such as a second checksum.
  • the second frame part of the new generation starts with a relay bit set to a predetermined value.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a frame transmission according to a protocol of the new generation, for example transmitted by a transmitter of a new generation. It can be seen, by comparison with FIG. 1, that part of the inter-frame silence is replaced by a quantity of information that can be interpreted by receivers of the new generation. In particular, additional data is simply contiguous to a basic frame. The second part of the frame therefore directly follows the first part of data constituted by a conventional RTS frame.
  • This additional data can then be used to manage new product features.
  • the duration of the inter-frame interval of the protocol of the new generation is thus reduced with respect to the duration of the inter-frame interval of the protocol of the old generation, and in particular the duration of the inter-frame silence.
  • the time difference between each start of frame during a cyclic transmission of the frames is constant and identical to that of the old generation.
  • the frame flow is thus preserved between the protocol of the new generation and the protocol of the old generation.
  • the functions based on the frame flow can be retained as in the new protocol, for example the number of repeated frames for a command or the time-out in the case of prolonged command.
  • the protocol of the new generation is also particularly adapted to autonomous products since the duration of the inter-frame silence is reduced by the transmission of the second part of data; the wake up time of the required receiver is therefore greatly reduced.
  • Figure 4 shows the organization of data in a new generation RTS frame.
  • the frame of the protocol of the new generation contains a first part consisting of a basic RTS frame of 56 bits to which is added a second part constituted by 24 bits of additional information; in particular one relay bit and 23 other bits usable for transmitting data complementary to the data of the basic frame.
  • the second transmitted frame part is preferably linked to the first part, that is to say that the second data will allow to better define the information of the first data transmitted in the RTS frame basic.
  • the additional information supplements or parameterizes the basic RTS frame by adding new features, new parameters, enhancing the security of the transmission, and so on.
  • the additional information does not necessarily have an intrinsic value, that is, it may be irrelevant if it is taken independently of the basic RTS frame.
  • the data information of the first frame part is encrypted for security reasons, it will not be necessary to encrypt the second additional data information of the second frame part, which in itself, do not have a proper control function. If the second data of the second frame part nevertheless had to be encrypted, the same encryption key as used for the first data of the basic RTS frame could be used, or another encryption key, transmitted with the second data in the second frame part.
  • the number of bytes of the second frame portion corresponding to the amount of additional information transmitted, will be chosen according to the available inter-frame silence time, possibly providing a margin of safety for the processing of information by the electronics of the receiver.
  • the transmission of the second frame portion may extend over a part of the hardware synchronization in addition to inter-frame silence.
  • the number of synchronization pulses provided is between 6 and 12, 6 pulses of which are mandatory.
  • the inter-frame silence can be used for the transmission of optional synchronization pulses. These pulses can then be replaced by the additional data.
  • the frame according to the invention for a RTS protocol of a new generation, therefore contains a first part constituted by the basic RTS frame and a second part comprising additional information.
  • the frame according to the invention also comprises two separate control fields, called checksum.
  • a first control field, specific to the basic RTS frame, is placed in the first frame part, for example in the second byte (CKS1), and a second control field (CKS2) is placed in the second frame part.
  • the second control field may be specific to the second frame portion for verifying the integrity of the additional data transmitted.
  • the second control field can also be calculated over the entire frame rather than the second part only.
  • the frame according to the invention also comprises a relay bit set at a predetermined value and which starts the second frame part.
  • This relay bit can inform the new generation receivers that additional information follows, but most importantly, the relay bit can inform the old receivers that the information that follows does not concern them and that they must consider them as noise. This information is particularly necessary when a Manchester type code is used to determine the state of a bit.
  • the conventional RTS protocol uses a Manchester code and systematically controls the end of the frame.
  • the state of the data bit is provided by a rising or falling edge in the middle of the bit transmission time.
  • a rising edge represents a logic bit 1
  • a falling edge represents a logic bit 0.
  • the conventional RTS protocol checks the presence of a falling edge in a given time interval equal to half the bit transmission time, ie ⁇ t / 2 (640 ⁇ s). If the last bit of the frame is 0, the falling edge corresponding to 0 validates the last bit. On the other hand, if the last bit of the frame is at 1, obtaining a falling edge will depend on the signal that follows the end of transmission of the conventional frame.
  • the noise is such that it substantially prolongs the high state of the signal, without a falling edge beyond the clock signal or that it corresponds for example to a bit of value 0, the next falling edge will only be obtained if after a time interval greater than ⁇ t / 2 (640 ⁇ s). The frame will be refused. This random phenomenon is rare and possibly compensated by the cyclic succession of repetition of the frames.
  • additional information is added at the end of a conventional RTS frame, the probability of having a logic code of 0 on the first additional information bit is 50%. This would result in traditional RTS frames being rejected by older receivers too common to be acceptable.
  • the first bit of additional information must be keyed to 1 so that the older receivers pass all of the base RTS frame forming part of the new data frame, regardless of the value of the 56th bit terminating the frame Basic RTS.
  • a first bit of additional information is thus reserved in the second frame part, called relay bit, which will be systematically set to 1.
  • relay bit By forcing a rising edge on the next bit just the last bit of the basic RTS frame, it is guaranteed that a falling edge (at the time of the clock signal) occurs in an interval of ⁇ t / 2 (640 ms).
  • the old receivers having received a sufficient and comprehensible number of bits, do not react to the new transmitted information which they interpret as noise. If this first bit of additional information is not forced to 1, the additional data of the second frame part could start with a zero and compromise the acceptance of the first part of the frame by a former receiver.
  • This arrangement is in this case related to the choice of criteria to validate the frame of the old protocol and also depends on the coding used, in particular the choice of logic code for a rising or falling edge for a Manchester coding.
  • the invention also relates to a telecommunication system comprising at least one transmitter of orders of an old generation, a transmitter of orders of a new generation, a receiver of orders of an old generation and a receiver of orders of a new generation.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the system according to the invention.
  • the transmitters EMa and receivers RCa of the old generation are respectively adapted to transmit and receive and interpret a cyclic control frame TRa according to a first protocol, for example a conventional RTS protocol.
  • the EMb transmitters and RCb receivers of the new generation are respectively adapted to transmit and receive and interpret a cyclic control frame TRb according to a second protocol.
  • the frame of the second protocol has a frame of the first protocol directly followed by additional information, for example a new generation RTS frame as described above.
  • Receivers RCa or RCb are linked to actuators, for example as shown in FIG. 5, tubular geared motors for driving solar protections.
  • the receiver may be an integral part of the actuator, for example be contained in the casing of the tubular actuator inside the winding tube of the sun protection screen.
  • a receiver RCa of the old generation is also adapted to receive and interpret a control frame TRb according to the new protocol and a receiver RCb of the new generation is also adapted to receive and interpret a TRa control frame according to the old protocol.
  • the frame of the old protocol has a fixed length, for example 56 bits, and the old protocol transmits frames separated by an inter-frame interval.
  • the frame of the new protocol transmits additional information during the inter-frame silences defined in the inter-frame intervals of the old protocol.
  • the additional data transmitted by the new protocol TRb frames appear as noise for the old RCa receivers while the data provided in the interframe interval can be processed by the new RCb receivers. Since the frame of the first protocol is found entirely in the new protocol and the frame flow is not modified, the new frame is readable by the old types of receivers; This ensures downward compatibility with communication between new EMb transmitters and old RCa receivers. Similarly, backward compatibility is ensured with communication between old EMa transmitters and new RCb receivers; blanks (inter-frame silence) are received by the new receivers instead of the additional data, but the message is readable by the new receivers because the format of the basic frame is identical for both types of protocols.
  • the number of bytes transmitted in a control frame TRb of the new generation depends on the available inter-frame silence, but can be increased by an increase in the transmission rate of these data.
  • the frame of the new protocol can be transmitted with a first rate during the transmission of the basic frame and then with a second rate when the additional information is transmitted, the second rate being greater than the first.
  • the message sent by the transmitters of the new generation may comprise a first transmission part with a first bit rate corresponding to that of the old protocol followed by a second part of data transmission at a higher bit rate so as to transmit a number of bytes greater.
  • This rate change will be transparent to older receivers that do not process the additional data. On the other hand, it may involve a modification of the data processing electronics for the next-generation transmitters and receivers, if the chosen bit rate is greater than the maximum bit rate that can be processed by the transmitters and receivers of the older generation.
  • the invention thus relates to an EMb command transmitter for a telecommunication system according to the invention adapted to transmit control frames TRb according to the new protocol and a command receiver RCb for a telecommunication system according to the invention adapted to receive data.
  • the new generation receivers are adapted to interpret the content of additional information transmitted following a base frame in the new frames. This additional information is interpreted in combination with the data of the basic frame which is entirely contained in the frame of the new protocol.
  • This additional information may include additional identification or addresses.
  • the existing RTS protocol has a limited number of addresses, coded on 24 bits, which can lead to saturation. It is therefore possible, in the context of the new protocol, to use certain bytes of additional information to encode an additional address.
  • This additional address can represent a family indication, corresponding to a type of product, a reseller using the protocol on its own product or other, or simply correspond to a random code complement. If one chooses to differentiate families of products operating on the protocol of the new generation according to the invention, one can provide receiver blocking functions on a particular family, according to the first code or codes received in the additional information of the second frame part.
  • the additional information can also make it possible to reinforce the security of the transmission of a frame.
  • new authentication features can be added in the second part of the frame transmitted according to the protocol of the new generation.
  • the transmitter provides, in the second portion of data of the frame, a random number along with a calculation result based on a key that it shares with a receiver.
  • the receiver On reception of the frame, the receiver recalculates from the random number transmitted and verifies the result with that transmitted in the additional information of the frame.
  • This authentication can intervene in addition to verifying the identifier of the sender with the data of the first part of the frame.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Communication Control (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
EP06290273.9A 2005-02-25 2006-02-17 Kommunikationssystem mit Kreuzkompatibilität und zugehörigem Kommunikationsrahmen Active EP1696402B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL06290273T PL1696402T3 (pl) 2005-02-25 2006-02-17 Układ komunikacyjny z kompatybilnością krzyżową i przyłączoną ramką komunikacyjną

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0501943A FR2882599B1 (fr) 2005-02-25 2005-02-25 Systeme de communication avec comptabilite croisee et trame de communication associee

Publications (2)

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EP1696402A1 true EP1696402A1 (de) 2006-08-30
EP1696402B1 EP1696402B1 (de) 2013-04-10

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US (1) US8189620B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1696402B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2006262457A (de)
CN (1) CN1848852B (de)
ES (1) ES2423963T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2882599B1 (de)
PL (1) PL1696402T3 (de)

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WO2013114036A1 (fr) 2012-02-02 2013-08-08 Somfy Sas Procédé et dispositif de communication pour la commande à distance d'un actionneur pour un équipement mobile du bâtiment
WO2013114035A1 (fr) 2012-02-02 2013-08-08 Somfy Sas Procédé et dispositif de communication pour la commande à distance d'un actionneur pour un équipement mobile du bâtiment

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EP2112640A1 (de) * 2008-04-23 2009-10-28 EFR Europäische Funk-Rundsteuerung Endgerät eines Funk-Rundsteuersystems
WO2013114036A1 (fr) 2012-02-02 2013-08-08 Somfy Sas Procédé et dispositif de communication pour la commande à distance d'un actionneur pour un équipement mobile du bâtiment
WO2013114035A1 (fr) 2012-02-02 2013-08-08 Somfy Sas Procédé et dispositif de communication pour la commande à distance d'un actionneur pour un équipement mobile du bâtiment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL1696402T3 (pl) 2013-09-30
EP1696402B1 (de) 2013-04-10
CN1848852A (zh) 2006-10-18
FR2882599B1 (fr) 2007-05-04
JP2006262457A (ja) 2006-09-28
CN1848852B (zh) 2012-05-23
US8189620B2 (en) 2012-05-29
ES2423963T3 (es) 2013-09-25
FR2882599A1 (fr) 2006-09-01
US20060193293A1 (en) 2006-08-31

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