Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
  • A61K9/007—Pulmonary tract; Aromatherapy
  • A61K9/0073—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy
  • A61K9/008—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy comprising drug dissolved or suspended in liquid propellant for inhalation via a pressurized metered dose inhaler [MDI]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
  • A61K31/439—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom the ring forming part of a bridged ring system, e.g. quinuclidine
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
  • A61K9/12—Aerosols; Foams
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
  • A61P11/06—Antiasthmatics

Definitions

• the invention relates to compressed gas formulations for metered dose aerosols with suspension formulations of the crystalline monohydrate of (1 ⁇ , 2 ⁇ , 4 ⁇ , 5 ⁇ , 7 ⁇ ) -7 - [(hydroxydi-2-thienylacetyl) oxy] -9,9-dimethyl-3-oxa-9-azoniatricyclo [3.3.1.0 2,4 ] nonane bromide, process for its preparation, and its use for the preparation of a medicament, in particular for the production of a medicament with anticholinergic activity.
• Tiotropium bromide is a highly effective anticholinergic agent and may therefore have a therapeutic benefit in the treatment of asthma or COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease).
• tiotropium bromide is preferably carried out by inhalation.
• the object of the present invention is to provide HFA metered aerosols containing tiotropium bromide as the only active ingredient in suspended form.
• the present invention relates to suspensions of the crystalline tiotropium bromide monohydrate in the propellants HFA 227 and / or HFA 134a, optionally in admixture with one or more further propellant gases, preferably selected from the group consisting of propane, butane, pentane, dimethyl ether, CHCIF 2 , CH 2 F 2 , CF 3 CH 3 , isobutane, isopentane and neopentane.
• propellant gases preferably selected from the group consisting of propane, butane, pentane, dimethyl ether, CHCIF 2 , CH 2 F 2 , CF 3 CH 3 , isobutane, isopentane and neopentane.
• Preference according to the invention is given to those suspensions containing as propellant only HFA 227, a mixture of HFA 227 and HFA 134a or only HFA 134a. If a mixture of the propellants HFA 227 and HFA 134a is used in the suspension formulations according to the invention, then the weight ratios in which these two propellant gas components can be used are freely variable.
• the proportion of this further propellant gas component is preferably below 50%, preferably below 40%, particularly preferably below 30%.
• the suspensions according to the invention preferably contain between 0.001 to 0.8% of tiotropium.
• Suspensions containing 0.08 to 0.5%, particularly preferably 0.2 to 0.4% of tiotropium are preferred according to the invention.
• tiotropium is meant the free ammonium cation.
• the propellant gas suspensions according to the invention are characterized in that they contain tiotropium in the form of the crystalline tiotropium bromide monohydrate which is outstandingly suitable for this application. Accordingly, the present invention preferably relates to suspensions containing between 0.0012 and 1% crystalline tiotropium bromide monohydrate. Of particular interest in accordance with the invention are suspensions containing 0.1 to 0.62%, more preferably 0.25 to 0.5% crystalline tiotropium bromide monohydrate.
• the percentages given in the context of the present invention are always percentages by mass. If mass fractions for tiotropium are expressed in percent by mass, the corresponding values for the crystalline tiotropium bromide monohydrate which is preferably used in the context of the present invention are obtainable by multiplication with the conversion factor of 1.2495.
• suspension formulation is used in the context of the present invention instead of the term suspension. Both terms are to be regarded as synonymous in the context of the present invention.
• the propellant-containing inhalation aerosols or suspension formulations according to the invention may also contain further constituents such as surfactants (surfactants, surfactants), adjuvants, antioxidants or flavoring agents.
• surfactants surfactants, surfactants, adjuvants, antioxidants or flavoring agents.
• the surface-active agents (surfactants, surfactants) optionally present in the suspensions according to the invention are preferably selected from the group consisting of polysorbate 20, polysorbate 80, myvacet 9-45, myvacet 9-08, isopropyl myristate, oleic acid, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, brij, ethyl oleate, Glyceryl trioleate glyceryl monolaurate, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monosterate, glyceryl monoricinoleates, cetyl alcohol, steryl alcohol, cetyl pyridine chloride, block polymers, natural oil, ethanol and isopropanol.
• Polysorbate 20, polysorbate 80, myvacet 9-45, myvacet 9-08 or isopropyl myristate are preferably used for the above suspension adjuvants.
• Myvacet 9-45 or isopropyl myristate is particularly preferred.
• surface-active agents are present in the suspensions according to the invention, they are preferably used in a proportion of 0.0005-1%, particularly preferably 0.005-0.5%.
• the adjuvants optionally contained in the suspensions according to the invention are preferably selected from the group consisting of alanine, albumin, ascorbic acid, aspartame, betaine, cysteine, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and citric acid. Particular preference is given to using ascorbic acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid or citric acid, particularly preferably hydrochloric acid or citric acid. If adjuvants are present in the suspensions according to the invention, they are preferably present in an amount of 0.0001-1.0%, preferably 0.0005-0.1%, particularly preferably used 0.001-0.01%, wherein a proportion of 0.001-0.005% according to the invention is of particular importance.
• the antioxidants optionally present in the suspensions according to the invention are preferably selected from the group consisting of ascorbic acid, citric acid, sodium edetate, editic acid, tocopherols, butylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole and ascorbyl palmitate, preference being given to tocopherols, butylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole or ascorbyl palmitate.
• flavorants optionally contained in the suspensions according to the invention are preferably selected from the group consisting of peppermint, saccharin, dentintene, aspartame and essential oils (for example cinnamon, anise, menthol, camphor), with peppermint or Dentomint® being particularly preferred.
• the active ingredient preferably has an average particle size of from 0.5 to 10 ⁇ m, preferably from 1 to 6 ⁇ m, particularly preferably from 1.5 to 5 ⁇ m.
• at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70% of the active ingredient particles have a particle size which is within the aforementioned size ranges. More preferably, at least 80%, most preferably at least 90%, of the active ingredient particles are in the above ranges with their particle size.
• the ingredients the formulation mixed with the propellant or gases (possibly at low temperatures) and filled into suitable containers.
• pMDls pressurized metered dose inhalers
• another aspect of the present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions in the form of suspensions as described above in conjunction with one or more inhalers suitable for administration of these suspensions.
• the present invention relates to inhalers, characterized in that they contain the propellant-containing suspensions according to the invention described above.
• the present invention further relates to containers (eg cartridges) which can be equipped with a suitable valve in a suitable inhaler and which contain one of the abovementioned propellant gas-containing suspensions according to the invention.
• suitable containers (eg cartridges) and methods for filling these cartridges with the propellant-containing suspensions according to the invention are known from the prior art.
• the present invention further relates to the use of the suspensions according to the invention for the preparation of an inhalatively or nasally administrable drug, preferably for the manufacture of a medicament for the inhalative or nasal treatment of diseases in which anticholinergics can develop a therapeutic benefit.
• the present invention also particularly preferably relates to the use of the suspensions according to the invention for the production of a medicament for the inhalative treatment of respiratory diseases, preferably of asthma or COPD.
• the tiotropium bromide obtainable according to EP 418 716 A1 can be used. This is then implemented as described below.
• tiotropium bromide 15.0 kg are introduced into 25.7 kg of water in a suitable reaction vessel. The mixture is heated to 80-90 ° C and stirred at a constant temperature until a clear solution is formed. Activated carbon (0.8 kg), moist with water, is slurried in 4.4 kg of water, this mixture is added to the tiotropium bromide-containing solution and rinsed with 4.3 kg of water. The resulting mixture is stirred for at least 15 minutes at 80-90 ° C and then filtered through a heated filter in a pre-heated to 70 ° C jacket temperature apparatus. The filter is rinsed with 8.6 kg of water.
• the contents of the apparatus are cooled at 3-5 ° C per 20 minutes to a temperature of 20-25 ° C. With cold water cooling, the apparatus is further cooled to 10-15 ° C and the crystallization is completed by at least one hour stirring.
• the crystals are isolated on a Nutschentrockner, washed the isolated crystal slurry with 9 L of cold water (10-15 ° C) and cold acetone (10-15 ° C). The resulting crystals are dried at 25 ° C for 2 hours in a stream of nitrogen. Yield: 13.4 kg tiotropium bromide monohydrate (86% of theory)
• the crystalline tiotropium bromide monohydrate obtainable according to the procedure described above was subjected to examination by DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry).
• the DSC diagram has two characteristic signals. The first, relatively broad, endothermic signal between 50-120 ° C is due to the dehydration of Tiotropiumbomid monohydrate to anhydrous form. The second, relatively sharp, endothermic peak at 230 ⁇ 5 ° C is attributable to the melting of the substance.
• the crystalline tiotropium bromide monohydrate was characterized by IR spectroscopy. The data was collected using a Nicolet FTIR spectrometer and evaluated using the Nicolet OMNIC software version 3.1 software. The measurement was carried out with 2.5 ⁇ mol tiotropium bromide monohydrate in 300 mg KBr.
• AFC7R-4 circular diffractometer Raku
• the crystalline tiotropium bromide monohydrate obtainable by the above process is micronised according to processes known per se in the prior art to provide the active ingredient in the form of the average particle size which corresponds to the specifications according to the invention.
• the test substance is weighed on a map sheet. With another map sheet, all larger agglomerates are crushed. The powder is then spread on the front half of the vibrating trough (from about 1 cm from the front edge) dispersed. After starting the measurement, the frequency of the vibrating trough is varied from approx. 40% to 100% (towards the end of the measurement).
• the supply of the sample should be as continuous as possible. The amount of product must not be too large, so that a sufficient dispersion is achieved.
• the time in which the entire sample is supplied is for 200 mg z. B. about 15 to 25 sec.
• Suspensions containing in addition to active substance and propellant other constituents a) 0.02% * tiotropium 0.20% Polysorbate 20 99.78% HFA 227 b) 0.02% * tiotropium 1.00% isopropyl 98, 98% HFA 227 c) 0.02% * tiotropium 0.3% Myvacet 9-45 99.68% HFA 227 d) 0.04% * tiotropium 1, 00% Myvacet 9-08 98.96% HFA 227 e) 0.04% * tiotropium 0.04% Polysorbate 80 99.92% HFA 227 f) 0.04% * tiotropium 0.005% oleic acid 99.955% HFA 227 G) 0.02% * tiotropium 0.1% Myvacet 9-45 60.00% HFA 227 39.88% HFA 134a H) 0.02% * tiotropium 0.30% isopropyl 20.00% HFA 2
• Suspensions containing only active ingredient and propellant j) 0.02% * tiotropium 99.98% HFA 227 k) 0.02% * tiotropium 99.98% HFA 134a I) 0.04% * tiotropium 99.96% HFA 227 m) 0.04% * tiotropium 99.96% HFA 134a n) 0.02% * tiotropium 20.00% HFA 227 79.98% HFA 134a O) 0.02% * tiotropium 60.00% HFA 227 39.98% HFA 134a p) 0.04% * tiotropium 40.00% HFA 227 59.96% HFA 134a q) 0.04% * tiotropium 80.00% HFA 227 19.96% HFA 134a * used in the form of tiotropium bromide monohydrate (conversion factor 1.2495)

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
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• Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
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• 2002
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