EP1695416B1 - Breitbandige antenne, insbesondere omnidirektionale antenne - Google Patents

Breitbandige antenne, insbesondere omnidirektionale antenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1695416B1
EP1695416B1 EP04790981A EP04790981A EP1695416B1 EP 1695416 B1 EP1695416 B1 EP 1695416B1 EP 04790981 A EP04790981 A EP 04790981A EP 04790981 A EP04790981 A EP 04790981A EP 1695416 B1 EP1695416 B1 EP 1695416B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
base plate
coupling
coupling element
antenna according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04790981A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1695416A1 (de
Inventor
Thomas Haunberger
Dieter Zierhut
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kathrein SE
Original Assignee
Kathrein Werke KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kathrein Werke KG filed Critical Kathrein Werke KG
Publication of EP1695416A1 publication Critical patent/EP1695416A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1695416B1 publication Critical patent/EP1695416B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/29Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/20Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
    • H01Q21/205Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path providing an omnidirectional coverage
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/50Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/40Element having extended radiating surface

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an antenna, in particular an omnidirectional antenna according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Omnidirectional antennas are known, for example, as so-called indoor antennas, which are multiband-capable and preferably radiate in vertical polarization. They comprise a base plate on which transversely, i. perpendicular to the base plate a monopole radiator rises. The entire assembly is usually covered by a protective housing (radome).
  • indoor antennas which are multiband-capable and preferably radiate in vertical polarization. They comprise a base plate on which transversely, i. perpendicular to the base plate a monopole radiator rises. The entire assembly is usually covered by a protective housing (radome).
  • radome protective housing
  • a coaxial cable can be connected there as a second plug-in element, generally as a socket-shaped plug-in element.
  • the outer conductor is contacted with the base plate.
  • the inner conductor of the feeder cable is electrically connected to the monopole radiator via the plug contact provided on the base plate connected, which rises above the base plate.
  • the inner conductor is electrically-electrically isolated from the base plate and thus from the outer conductor of a coaxial cable to be connected.
  • Such omnidirectional antennas can be designed so that they can radiate simultaneously in several frequency ranges, ie simultaneously in several frequency bands.
  • a generic antenna is, for example, from DE 37 09 163 C2 or even from the US 4,972,196 known become.
  • the first mentioned antenna shows a rod-shaped antenna, which is fed via an inner conductor with the interposition of a capacitor.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a comparatively very low-build multiband-capable, i. to create a very broadband antenna, which can also be used as an omnidirectional antenna and which is simple in design.
  • the antenna should be able to be operated simultaneously in even larger fire widths.
  • the Antenna according to the invention can for example be operated without any problems simultaneously in the 800 to 1000 MHz band, in the 1400 to 3500 MHz band but also in the 5000 to 6000 MHz band, for example. Because of the serial (capacitive) line coupling resonances may be present in the upper band.
  • the antenna according to the invention has a genus-specific serial or capacitive coupling.
  • a first coupling element is provided for the inner conductor coupling, which extends away from the base or counterweight surface of this electrically-electrically isolated away.
  • a second line coupling element which is electrically-galvanically connected to the radiator or part of the radiator.
  • the first and the second line coupling element are electrically isolated from each other, ie not electrically connected to each other, via which the serial or capacitive line coupling is effected.
  • the two cooperating coupling elements are on the one hand rod-shaped and the other tubular, so that the two coupling elements are nestable.
  • the monopole-type antenna according to the invention preferably has a rotational symmetry or is preferably rotationally symmetrical at least in certain angular ranges, wherein it comprises at least one section which widens in the longitudinal direction of the monopole-shaped antenna in the shape of a cone or cone.
  • the antenna can also be designed cone-shaped or cone-shaped overall only in terms of its external shape.
  • the antenna can basically also be radially symmetrical or radiation-symmetrical, ie have a cross-sectional shape, so that the antenna can be made to coincide with a plane rotation around a central axis about a central axis. This can for example apply alone to the spotlight or for example alone for the base plate or both.
  • the monopole-shaped or monopole-like radiator can be designed cylindrical.
  • the monopole radiator of the antenna has a shape which is divided into a first section conically widened away from the base plate and an adjoining cylindrical second section.
  • the radiator according to the present invention is preferably formed from a combination of a conical or conical and a cylindrical radiator section.
  • the cone-shaped part of the radiator acts primarily as a monopoly for the upper frequency bands.
  • the cylindrical part of the radiator works with the associated counterweight surface (base plate) rather for the lower frequencies. It should be noted positively that thereby no reaction of the cylindrical Part of the upper frequency bands is noted.
  • the serial and / or capacitive line coupling which thus consists of a serial and / or capacitive internal conductor coupling, preferably takes place via a first rod-shaped coupling part which is connected to the feed line (inner conductor of a coaxial conductor) and which rises above the base plate in isolation from the base plate.
  • the second coupling part coupling therewith is connected to the radiator or formed as part of the radiator.
  • the second coupling part is tubular.
  • the coupling member may be formed in the manner of a polygon or the like, so for example with n-polygonal cross-section.
  • the cross-sectional shape can be designed such that it has at least one shape that deviates from the circular shape.
  • the monopole-like, formed from a combination of a conical surface and an adjoining cylinder portion radiator with the inner tube section (which rises from the base of the radiator) are placed directly on the first rod-shaped and connected to the feed cable coupling part. Since the first and second coupling part, so the feed line and the monopole radiator are galvanically isolated to realize the serial line coupling, preferably an insulating sleeve of the first coupling part is placed, on which then the monopole radiator can be placed with its second coupling part.
  • the insulator need not necessarily consist of a plastic material, for example, with a preselectable dielectric constant. As insulator also air can be used. It must be used only a suitable centering and / or spacers, which ensure that the patch emitter can not come into electrical-galvanic contact with the question in question rod-shaped coupling plate from the base plate and / or the base plate itself.
  • the spot height can be minimized compared to the conventional solution. Also, a reduction of the counterweight surface (base plate) is possible, which is why a comparatively small size can be realized.
  • FIG. 1a is a schematic plan view, in FIG. 1b in schematic bottom view and in FIG. 2 in a vertical through the central axis extending cross-sectional view, a first embodiment of an antenna according to the invention with a radiator 15 shown.
  • the antenna comprises a base, base or ground plate 1, which is designed circular or disc-shaped in the embodiment shown.
  • This base, base or ground plate 1 may also have a completely different shape. It can be shaped, for example, square, rectangular, oval, etc., in general therefore also have n-polygonal or other arbitrary basic shapes and boundary lines.
  • the plate 1 is hereinafter referred to essentially as the base plate 1.
  • the base plate 1 also has the function of a counterweight surface.
  • a recess 3 is incorporated in the middle of the base plate 1, a recess 3 is incorporated.
  • a plug element 5 is positioned and fixed, which is formed in the embodiment shown as a coaxial plug 5 '.
  • the outer conductor 7b of the plug-in element 5 is electrically connected to the base plate 1 electrically.
  • the inner conductor 7a of the plug-in element 5 is guided by the outer conductor 7b separated by the recess 3 and electrically connected to a first or supply-side coupling element 11 extending above the base plate 1.
  • This coupling element 11 is transverse to the base plate, i. vertical in the embodiment shown. It is rod-shaped and may preferably have a circular cross-section.
  • This isolating element 13 has, in the embodiment shown approximately in a length corresponding to the axial length of the coupling element 11 on this coupling element 11 is a tubular insulator element.
  • the insulator element 13 is provided with a laterally projecting flange 13a, which in the illustrated embodiment is also circular or disc-shaped and stands up in the region of the recess 3 on the base plate 1.
  • this insulator element 13 is the in FIG. 1 and 2 shown monopole radiator 15 attached.
  • the monopole-like radiator 15 has a first antenna section 15a and a second antenna section 15b.
  • the first antenna section 15a is oriented conically or tapering starting from the base point 19, thus pointing away from the base plate 1 with its widening cone section.
  • a second cylindrical radiator section 15 b At this conical or conical first radiator section 15 a is followed by a second cylindrical radiator section 15 b, wherein at the transition from the first to the second radiator section, the diameter of the cone-shaped radiator section corresponds to the diameter of the cylindrical radiator section.
  • the radiator therefore has a lateral surface which extends around the longitudinal axis extending transversely to the base plate.
  • the emitter 15 is preferably rotationally symmetrical or partially rotationally symmetrical or at least approximately or substantially radially symmetric or beam-symmetrical.
  • part of the radiator is an internally formed tubular coupling element 15c, which has a free inner diameter which is equal to or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the tubular insulator element 13.
  • this coupling portion 15c of the monopole radiator can be pushed onto the insulator element 13 until the lowest Contact surface 15 'of the radiator 15, so the base 19 of the radiator, rests on the Isolatorflansch 13 a of the insulator element 13 and is thus electrically isolated from the base plate 1.
  • the axial length of the coupling element 15c is usually longer than the axial length of the insulator element 13 and / or the length of the first feed cable side coupling element 11.
  • the length of the hollow cylindrical insulator 13 is comparatively uncritical and can also be designed significantly shorter.
  • Insulator serves essentially only the mechanical support of the radiator 15 and also contributes to the fact that no portion of the radiator 15 and in particular not the coupling portion 15c can electrically electrically touch the electrically in contact with the inner conductor coupling element 11.
  • first and second coupling elements 11 and 15c form a serial (capacitive) line coupling at the base of the radiator 15, ie, a serial or capacitive inner conductor coupling. Therefore, the length of the first and second coupling element 11 or 15c should preferably be chosen so that the desired optimum coupling can be realized for the different frequency ranges.
  • the open end of the line coupling is thus (for the center frequency of the respective band) at the feed point 15 'via short circuit, ie how galvanically connected.
  • the feed cable side coupling element 11 is both capacitive and inductive.
  • a resonance ie, that the open end at the base 15 'of the radiator 15 as an idle (high impedance) acts.
  • the length of the feed cable side coupling element 11 is very small compared to lambda / 4 (ie 11 ⁇ lambda / 4) and thus forms a series capacity, the one broadband resistance adjustment at this frequency allows and is also relevant for the low construction.
  • Figure. 3 is shown in a schematic perspective representation of the first rod-shaped electrically conductive coupling element 11 with the radiator 15 removed, wherein the coupling element in the region of the recess 3 with the located on the underside of the base plate 1 coaxial plug element, that is electrically connected in the local inner conductor plug.
  • the tubular insulator element 13 is merely plugged onto this first coupling element 11, which preferably consists of plastic and has a favorable value for the dielectric constant. Then, as stated, the radiator 15 are plugged with its second inner tubular member 15c.
  • radiator 15 alone is shown in a perspective view, which is divided into a conical or conical radiator section 15a and a cylindrical radiator section 15b.
  • FIG. 6 Based on FIG. 6 is shown in a schematic cross-sectional view of a modified embodiment of a radiator, which consists only of a conical or conical radiator 15. This may be a frusto-conical shape.
  • the coupling element 15c is connected by means of a radial connecting or bottom portion (15d) with the outer shell of the cylindrical shaped radiator (15).
  • Both in the embodiment according to FIG. 6 as well as the example according to FIG. 5 is in each case in section the part of the radiator arrangement forming inner centrally seated coupling portion 15c shown in hollow cylindrical form, which is then placed on the first coupling element 11 this cross-over, preferably with the interposition of a hollow cylindrical insulator.
  • a small-scale omnidirectional antenna can be realized, especially can be operated in low frequency ranges.
  • a spotlight according to FIG. 6 So a merely cone or frusto-conical radiator, a small-scale antenna is realized, which can be operated especially in high frequency bands.
  • an antenna type with a radiator according to FIG. 1 and 2 whose bandwidth includes both low and high and very high frequency ranges and bands.
  • the described type of antenna not only a very broadband antenna can be realized, but it can also be minimized by the serial feed the radiator height and thereby in turn make the counterweight surface (base plate) smaller.
  • the described antennas have the advantage that they are broadband with a smaller size compared to conventional antennas and can be even easier to manufacture and mount, since in principle only the respective radiator with its integrated coupling element 15c on the electrically connected to the feed line first Coupling element 11 must be postponed.
  • the plug element 5 does not necessarily consist of a socket (eg an N socket). It is also possible to use a permanently connected cable, ie in particular to position the inner conductor of a coaxial cable accordingly so that it serves according to the drawings as feed-side coupling element 11. Therefore, the term "feed-side coupling element 11" can also be understood as an embodiment in which the coupling element 11 represents the end of a corresponding feed conductor (preferably the end of the inner conductor of a corresponding coaxial feed-line cable.
  • the feeder-conductor-side coupling element 11, the insulation element 13 surrounding the coupling element 11 and preferably also the plug element 5 including the inner conductor 7a are provided and used as prefabricated jointly manageable unit, which are connected to a corresponding Hole is inserted on the base plate 1 and mechanically anchored, to then only set up the spotlight 15 with its radiator side coupling element 15c.
  • the reflector has recessed indentations or so-called mounting points 31 at some offset to the center points, in each of which a bore 33 is introduced to fasten the reflector according to a carrier by screwing in accordance with can.
  • the entire antenna arrangement is ultimately by a Inner hood 35 held and fixed.
  • the inner hood 35 has reflector side offset in the circumferential direction latching or clip elements 37, which in corresponding. Punching or openings in the reflector 1 can be inserted. When snapped in, the latching elements 37 then engage behind the stampings in the reflector, so that a secure hold of the antenna and the inner hood 37 is ensured without further installation measures.
  • the inner hood 35 is designed so that it centrally has a downwardly engaging in the cup-shaped radiator element holding portion 37a, which secures the spotlight in the mounted position with its reflector-side end face 37b.
  • the end face 37b of the inner hood can touch the upper end face of the emitter-side coupling element 15c facing it.
  • a so-called outer cover 41 can be placed over cover everything, wherein the outer hood also on internal latching or clip elements 37, for. can engage in a stepped paragraph on the inner cover into there introduced openings and / or openings in the reflector, by the fact that corresponding locking or clip elements inserted through the opening and can engage behind the corresponding material portions of the inner hood and / or the reflector.
  • the outer hood is designed so that everything including the reflector is covered and thus covered.
  • the inner and outer hoods 35, 41 are made of one Made of material that is permeable to electromagnetic radiation, especially in the frequency range to be transmitted.
  • the emitter 15 in its different embodiments does not necessarily have to be made of conductive metal from home, but that it may also be formed from other non-conductive material, such as plastic.
  • the radiator 15 should comprise or be provided with a suitable electrically conductive layer on its inner and / or outer surface or in any other way.

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EP04790981A 2003-12-18 2004-10-28 Breitbandige antenne, insbesondere omnidirektionale antenne Expired - Lifetime EP1695416B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10359605A DE10359605B4 (de) 2003-12-18 2003-12-18 Breitbandige Antenne
PCT/EP2004/012211 WO2005060048A1 (de) 2003-12-18 2004-10-28 Breitbandige antenne, insbesondere omnidirektionale antenne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1695416A1 EP1695416A1 (de) 2006-08-30
EP1695416B1 true EP1695416B1 (de) 2008-06-04

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ID=34683545

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04790981A Expired - Lifetime EP1695416B1 (de) 2003-12-18 2004-10-28 Breitbandige antenne, insbesondere omnidirektionale antenne

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1695416B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
KR (1) KR101083142B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CN (1) CN2718805Y (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE397796T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BRPI0417667A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE10359605B4 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES2305868T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
TW (1) TW200522433A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
WO (1) WO2005060048A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010011867A1 (de) 2010-03-18 2011-09-22 Kathrein-Werke Kg Breitbandige omnidirektionale Antenne
DE102013012308A1 (de) 2013-07-24 2015-01-29 Kathrein-Werke Kg Breitbandige omnidirektionale Antenne
CN108123206A (zh) * 2017-12-20 2018-06-05 深圳市华信天线技术有限公司 一种天线安装座及天线

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JP2006186945A (ja) 2004-12-28 2006-07-13 Toyota Motor Corp アンテナ装置及びこれを用いた通信方法
DE102008057505A1 (de) * 2008-11-15 2010-08-19 Festo Ag & Co. Kg Mikrowellenpositionsmesseinrichtung
CN101694904B (zh) * 2009-10-16 2011-09-28 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 移动通信网络室内分布系统中使用的全向吸顶天线
DE102011113725A1 (de) * 2011-09-17 2013-03-21 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Mehrbereichsantenne für ein Kraftfahrzeug
CN102717167B (zh) * 2012-07-04 2016-05-25 贵州航天电子科技有限公司 一种无线电引信天线辐射器真空钎焊装配定位方法
CN103904418B (zh) * 2014-03-06 2016-05-04 宁波成电泰克电子信息技术发展有限公司 一种全向终端天线
CN111048889B (zh) 2014-07-17 2025-02-11 胡贝尔和茹纳股份公司 天线装置
DE102015003579A1 (de) 2015-03-19 2016-09-22 Kathrein-Werke Kg HF-Steckverbinder zur lotfreien Kontaktierung eines Koaxialkabels
DE102016114093B4 (de) 2016-07-29 2020-01-16 Huber + Suhner Ag Breitbandige omnidirektionale Antenne, insbesondere für Schienenfahrzeuge und ein solches Schienenfahrzeug
DE102017101677A1 (de) 2017-01-27 2018-08-02 Kathrein-Werke Kg Breitbandige omnidirektionale Antenne
CN110474157B (zh) * 2019-08-27 2020-06-30 南京邮电大学 一种移动通信频段印刷单极子天线
CN114696071B (zh) * 2020-12-28 2024-07-09 电连技术股份有限公司 一种高增益宽频带的吸盘天线
KR102449600B1 (ko) 2021-06-01 2022-10-04 국민대학교산학협력단 단락 핀(shorting pin)을 구비한 배열 안테나
DE102023206601A1 (de) 2023-07-12 2025-01-16 Vega Grieshaber Kg Messgerät mit zylinderförmiger Monopolantenne

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GB580812A (en) * 1943-12-06 1946-09-20 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Improvements in arrangements for coupling wide frequency band antennae to transmission lines

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US2501020A (en) * 1945-11-06 1950-03-21 Us Sec War Antenna structure
US4074268A (en) * 1976-06-21 1978-02-14 Hoffman Electronics Corporation Electronically scanned antenna
US4890116A (en) * 1986-04-09 1989-12-26 Shakespeare Company Low profile, broad band monopole antenna
US4972196A (en) * 1987-09-15 1990-11-20 Board Of Trustees Of The Univ. Of Illinois Broadband, unidirectional patch antenna
US5451968A (en) * 1992-11-19 1995-09-19 Solar Conversion Corp. Capacitively coupled high frequency, broad-band antenna
US20030103008A1 (en) * 2001-12-05 2003-06-05 Tom Petropoulos In-building low profile antenna

Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB580812A (en) * 1943-12-06 1946-09-20 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Improvements in arrangements for coupling wide frequency band antennae to transmission lines

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010011867A1 (de) 2010-03-18 2011-09-22 Kathrein-Werke Kg Breitbandige omnidirektionale Antenne
WO2011113542A1 (de) 2010-03-18 2011-09-22 Kathrein-Werke Kg Breitbandige omnidirektionale antenne
DE102010011867B4 (de) * 2010-03-18 2011-12-22 Kathrein-Werke Kg Breitbandige omnidirektionale Antenne
DE102013012308A1 (de) 2013-07-24 2015-01-29 Kathrein-Werke Kg Breitbandige omnidirektionale Antenne
WO2015010761A1 (de) 2013-07-24 2015-01-29 Kathrein-Werke Kg Breitbandige omnidirektionale antenne
CN108123206A (zh) * 2017-12-20 2018-06-05 深圳市华信天线技术有限公司 一种天线安装座及天线

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR101083142B1 (ko) 2011-11-11
EP1695416A1 (de) 2006-08-30
ATE397796T1 (de) 2008-06-15
WO2005060048A1 (de) 2005-06-30
KR20060117325A (ko) 2006-11-16
TWI351785B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 2011-11-01
DE10359605A1 (de) 2005-07-28
CN2718805Y (zh) 2005-08-17
DE10359605B4 (de) 2006-05-24
BRPI0417667A (pt) 2007-04-03
TW200522433A (en) 2005-07-01
ES2305868T3 (es) 2008-11-01
DE502004007336D1 (de) 2008-07-17

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