EP1694880A2 - Heat transfer limiting flux and its use in galvanising steel - Google Patents
Heat transfer limiting flux and its use in galvanising steelInfo
- Publication number
- EP1694880A2 EP1694880A2 EP04817552A EP04817552A EP1694880A2 EP 1694880 A2 EP1694880 A2 EP 1694880A2 EP 04817552 A EP04817552 A EP 04817552A EP 04817552 A EP04817552 A EP 04817552A EP 1694880 A2 EP1694880 A2 EP 1694880A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flux
- steel
- zinc
- zncl
- galvanising
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/30—Fluxes or coverings on molten baths
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a water based flux for hot-dip batch galvanising of steel articles . It also relates to the operations of fluxing of the surface to be coated, followed by hot-dip galvanising in a molten zinc-based alloy bath, in particular when the articles are highly stressed or when using a highly wetting zinc alloy.
- a hot dip galvanising process steel articles are dipped in a bath of molten zinc or zinc alloy.
- the molten zinc reacts with the steel and, through a process of diffusion, zinc-iron components are formed at the steel-zinc interface.
- the steel surface is fluxed before it is dipped in the zinc melt. This fluxing operation cleans the surface to ensure the complete coverage of the steel by a layer of zinc.
- the most common fluxing practice comprises a short immersion of the article in a diluted zinc chloride and ammonium chloride solution. After fluxing, the steel surface is thoroughly dried, as any water that would remain on the steel surface would evaporate explosively upon contacting the zinc melt.
- fluxes with added wetting agents to obtain a more uniform flux layer on the steel
- special fluxes for galvanising using zinc alloys with high aluminium concentrations fluxes that generates less fumes, fluxes that form less ashes and fluxes that are easier to dry.
- the invention concerns a water based flux for hot-dip batch galvanising of steel articles, comprising, in total, 200 to 600 g/1 of ZnCl 2 and NH 4 C1, with a H 4 C1 to ZnCl 2 molar ratio of 1.7 to 3.3, characterised in that the flux comprises 8 to 80 g/1 A1C1 3 .
- the preferred A1C1 3 concentration is 10 to 50 g/1; a still more preferred range is 10 to 25 g/1.
- a suitable flux can be prepared by using 250 to 600 g/1 of the double-salt ZnCl 2 .2 H 4 Cl, or by using 200 to 500 g/1 of the triple-salt ZnCl 2 .3NH 4 Cl. It is preferred to limit the Fe concentration of the flux to less than 15 g/1, and even more preferably to less than 10 g/1.
- the invention also concerns a galvanisation process, comprising the steps of: fluxing a steel article utilising the above-mentioned fluxes; drying the article; and immersing the article in a molten bath of a zinc alloy comprising, by weight, 0.1 to less than 5 % of either one or both of Bi and Sn.
- the zinc bath advantageously comprises, by weight, 0.5 to 5% of either one or both of Sn and Bi, 0 to saturation of Pb, 0.025 to 0.200% of at least one of V, Ni, Cr or Mn, 0 to 0.05% of at least one of Al, Ca and Mg, the remainder being zinc and unavoidable impurities.
- the upper limit of the A1C1 3 content of the flux is dictated by the increased viscosity of the flux. Too high a viscosity will indeed impair the replacement of the flux on the surface of the article by zinc alloy from the melt.
- the A1C1 3 concentration in the flux should therefore preferably be limited to 50 g/1, or even to 25 g/1.
- the flux may further contain well known surfactants that are typically added to improve the wetting of the steel articles in the flux tank and to enhance drainage of excess flux solution when the steel articles are extracted from the flux tank.
- surfactants typically added to improve the wetting of the steel articles in the flux tank and to enhance drainage of excess flux solution when the steel articles are extracted from the flux tank.
- a surface tension of less than 40 dynes/cm is recommended. It is common practice in general galvanising to check the surface tension on a regular basis, and to add surfactants as needed.
- the influence of flux and alloy on the thermal stress is evaluated by measuring the heating rate inside a fluxed steel article upon its immersion into a zinc alloy bath. To standardise this measurement, use is made of a probe consisting of a small hollow steel chamber with a wall thickness of 1.3 mm, equipped with a thermocouple brazed against the inner surface of a wall . Upon immersion in the molten alloy at a descent rate of 2.5 cm/s, the temperature rise is recorded and the rate of heating is calculated (°C/s) . The descent rate is sufficiently high to ensure that it is nor a critical nor a limiting parameter. The highest rate of heating reached during the immersion phase is reported. It is assumed that this rate is closely related to the maximal thermal stress endured during dipping and to the ensuing damages .
- the above-described probe is fluxed in a 500 g/1 aqueous solution of Florflux®, a commercial product manufactured by La Floridienne of Belgium which contains a ZnCl 2 .2NHCl double-salt.
- the probe is dried, and subsequently dipped at an immersion rate of 2.5 cm/s in a Technigalva® zinc alloy melt heated at 450 °C.
- This alloy consists of zinc with 1 wt% Pb, 0.05 wt% Ni and 0.004 wt% Al. It thus contains no wetting promoters such as Sn or Bi .
- Table 1 Maximum heating rate as a function of AlCl 3 in a 500 g/1 double-salt flux, using a conventional zinc alloy bath
- Galveco® which consists of Zn with 1.1 wt% Sn, 1 wt% Pb, 0.075 wt% Bi, 0.05 wt% Ni and 0.004 wt% Al .
- Table 2 Maximum rate of heating as a function of A1C1 3 in the flux, using a zinc alloy bath with wetting promoters
- Table 3 Influence of the type of ZnCl 2 .xNH 4 Cl salt on the maximum rate of heating, using a zinc alloy bath with wetting promoters
- Fe is a common pollutant in industrial flux tanks. This example demonstrates that, in addition to the known consequences, extreme Fe concentrations are also to be avoided to limit thermal stress when dip-galvanising steel articles.
- the galvanising composition of Example 3 was used.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04817552A EP1694880B1 (en) | 2003-12-09 | 2004-12-09 | Heat transfer limiting flux and its use in galvanising steel |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03078869 | 2003-12-09 | ||
US52994603P | 2003-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | |
EP04817552A EP1694880B1 (en) | 2003-12-09 | 2004-12-09 | Heat transfer limiting flux and its use in galvanising steel |
PCT/EP2004/014154 WO2005056867A2 (en) | 2003-12-09 | 2004-12-09 | Heat transfer limiting flux and its use in galvanising steel |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1694880A2 true EP1694880A2 (en) | 2006-08-30 |
EP1694880B1 EP1694880B1 (en) | 2007-06-13 |
Family
ID=34924029
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04817552A Not-in-force EP1694880B1 (en) | 2003-12-09 | 2004-12-09 | Heat transfer limiting flux and its use in galvanising steel |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1694880B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE364732T1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005056867A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017215796A1 (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2017-12-21 | Fontaine Holdings Nv | Method and flux for hot galvanization |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2894255B1 (en) * | 2005-12-01 | 2008-04-04 | Electro Rech Sarl | HOT GALVANIZATION BATH OF WORKPIECES IN ANY NUANCE OF ANY STEEL |
DE102016106617A1 (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2017-09-21 | Fontaine Holdings Nv | Hot-dip galvanizing plant and hot-dip galvanizing process |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2245226A (en) * | 1940-01-23 | 1941-06-10 | Robert F Renkin | Method of coating metal |
GB830258A (en) * | 1956-01-10 | 1960-03-16 | Crittall Mfg Co Ltd | Galvanizing process |
BE795632A (en) * | 1972-02-23 | 1973-08-20 | Basf Ag | HOT GALVANIZATION FLUX |
US3943270A (en) * | 1973-03-01 | 1976-03-09 | Foseco International Limited | Aqueous flux for hot dip galvanising process |
DE2417791C2 (en) * | 1974-04-11 | 1976-04-01 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Flux for hot-dip galvanizing -tinning and -verbleiuhg |
JPS6199664A (en) * | 1984-10-19 | 1986-05-17 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Coating method with zinc-aluminum alloy by hot dipping |
LU86339A1 (en) * | 1986-03-04 | 1987-11-11 | Foridienne Chimie N V | FLUORIDE-FREE FLOW COMPOSITIONS FOR HOT GALVANIZATION IN ALUMINUM ZINC BATHS |
JP2001525890A (en) * | 1997-05-23 | 2001-12-11 | エヌ.ヴェー.ユニオン ミニエル エス.アー. | Alloys and methods for galvanizing steel |
-
2004
- 2004-12-09 WO PCT/EP2004/014154 patent/WO2005056867A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 2004-12-09 AT AT04817552T patent/ATE364732T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-12-09 EP EP04817552A patent/EP1694880B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2005056867A2 * |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017215796A1 (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2017-12-21 | Fontaine Holdings Nv | Method and flux for hot galvanization |
CN109477196A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2019-03-15 | 方丹控股有限公司 | Method and fluxing agent for hot galvanizing |
JP2019518142A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2019-06-27 | フォンテーン ホールティングズ エヌブィ | Method and flux for hot dip galvanizing |
EP3663429A1 (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2020-06-10 | Fontaine Holdings NV | Hot dip galvanizing apparatus |
CN109477196B (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2021-02-19 | 方丹控股有限公司 | Method and flux for hot galvanizing |
US11499216B2 (en) | 2016-06-13 | 2022-11-15 | Fontaine Holdings Nv | Method and flux for hot galvanization |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2005056867A2 (en) | 2005-06-23 |
WO2005056867A3 (en) | 2005-11-24 |
EP1694880B1 (en) | 2007-06-13 |
ATE364732T1 (en) | 2007-07-15 |
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