EP1694598A2 - Reformer and method for reacting fuel and oxidant to reformate - Google Patents

Reformer and method for reacting fuel and oxidant to reformate

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Publication number
EP1694598A2
EP1694598A2 EP04816267A EP04816267A EP1694598A2 EP 1694598 A2 EP1694598 A2 EP 1694598A2 EP 04816267 A EP04816267 A EP 04816267A EP 04816267 A EP04816267 A EP 04816267A EP 1694598 A2 EP1694598 A2 EP 1694598A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
zone
fuel
reforming
oxidation
supplied
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04816267A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Stefan Käding
Norbert GÜNTHER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Enerday GmbH
Original Assignee
Webasto SE
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Webasto SE filed Critical Webasto SE
Publication of EP1694598A2 publication Critical patent/EP1694598A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
    • B01J4/001—Feed or outlet devices as such, e.g. feeding tubes
    • B01J4/002—Nozzle-type elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J19/2415—Tubular reactors
    • B01J19/2425—Tubular reactors in parallel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/26—Nozzle-type reactors, i.e. the distribution of the initial reactants within the reactor is effected by their introduction or injection through nozzles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/36—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
    • C01B3/382—Multi-step processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
    • B01J2219/00076—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements inside the reactor
    • B01J2219/00081—Tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
    • B01J2219/00117—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with two or more reactions in heat exchange with each other, such as an endothermic reaction in heat exchange with an exothermic reaction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00157—Controlling the temperature by means of a burner
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00159—Controlling the temperature controlling multiple zones along the direction of flow, e.g. pre-heating and after-cooling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/025—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
    • C01B2203/066—Integration with other chemical processes with fuel cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
    • C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0838—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by heat exchange with exothermic reactions, other than by combustion of fuel
    • C01B2203/0844—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by heat exchange with exothermic reactions, other than by combustion of fuel the non-combustive exothermic reaction being another reforming reaction as defined in groups C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/0294
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
    • C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
    • C01B2203/1247—Higher hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1276—Mixing of different feed components
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1288—Evaporation of one or more of the different feed components
    • C01B2203/1294—Evaporation by heat exchange with hot process stream
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/14—Details of the flowsheet
    • C01B2203/141—At least two reforming, decomposition or partial oxidation steps in parallel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/14—Details of the flowsheet
    • C01B2203/142—At least two reforming, decomposition or partial oxidation steps in series
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/80—Aspect of integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas not covered by groups C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/1695
    • C01B2203/82—Several process steps of C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/08 integrated into a single apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a reformer for converting fuel and oxidizing agent to reformate, with an oxidation zone and a reforming zone, wherein a mixture of fuel and oxidizing agent can be supplied to the oxidation zone, which mixture can be supplied at least partially to the reforming zone after at least partial oxidation of the fuel.
  • the invention further relates to a method for converting fuel and oxidizing agent to reformate in a reformer having an oxidation zone and a reforming zone, the oxidation zone being supplied with a mixture of fuel and oxidizing agent which is at least partially fed to the reforming zone after at least partial oxidation of the fuel.
  • Generic reformers and generic processes have numerous areas of application. In particular, they serve to supply a fuel cell with a hydrogen-rich gas mixture, from which electrical energy can then be generated on the basis of electrochemical processes.
  • Fuel cells of this type are used, for example, in the motor vehicle sector as auxiliary energy sources, so-called APUs ("auxiliary power unit").
  • the reforming process for converting fuel and oxidizing agent to reformate can be carried out according to different principles.
  • catalytic reforming is known in which some of the fuel is in a exothermic reaction is oxidized.
  • the disadvantage of this catalytic reforming is the high heat generation which can irreversibly damage system components, in particular the catalytic converter.
  • hydrocarbons are converted to hydrogen in an endothermic reaction using water vapor.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a reformer and a method for converting fuel and oxidizing agent to reformate, in which the problems mentioned are at least partially overcome and in particular no problems arise from high temperatures or large temperature gradients.
  • the invention builds on the generic reformer in that fuel can also be supplied to the reforming zone and that heat can be supplied to the reforming zone.
  • the additional fuel supplied, together with the exhaust gas from the oxidation zone, thus forms the starting gas mixture for the reforming process.
  • heat from the exothermic oxidation can be supplied to the reforming zone in the oxidation zone.
  • the thermal energy generated in the oxidation zone is thus converted as part of the reforming reaction, so that the net heat production of the overall process does not lead to problems in the temperature balance of the reformer.
  • the reforming zone has an oxidizing agent supply, via which additional oxidizing agents can be supplied. In this way, a further parameter is available for influencing the reforming, so that it can be optimized.
  • the invention is developed in a particularly useful manner in that the additional fuel can be fed to an injection and mixture formation zone and that the additional fuel can flow from the injection and mixture formation zone into the reforming zone.
  • This injection and mixture formation zone is thus upstream of the reforming zone, so that the reforming zone is provided with a well-mixed starting gas for the reforming reaction.
  • Fuel is at least partially evaporated by the thermal energy of the gas mixture emerging from the oxidation zone.
  • the reac- Heat from the oxidation can also be used advantageously for the vaporization process of the fuel.
  • the gas mixture generated in the oxidation zone may be able to be fed to the reforming zone partially bypassing the injection and mixture formation zone. This provides a further possibility for influencing the reforming process, so that a further improvement of the reformate exiting the reformer can be achieved with regard to its application.
  • the invention is based on the generic method in that additional fuel is fed to the reforming zone and that heat is fed to the reforming zone.
  • additional fuel is fed to the reforming zone and that heat is fed to the reforming zone.
  • advantages and special features of the reformer according to the invention are also implemented as part of a process. This also applies to the particularly preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention specified below.
  • the reforming zone can have an oxidant feed, via which additional oxidant is fed.
  • the additional fuel is fed to an injection and mixture formation zone and that the additional fuel flows from the injection and mixture formation zone into the reforming zone.
  • the additional fuel is at least partially evaporated by the thermal energy of the gas mixture emerging from the oxidation zone. Furthermore, it can be provided that the gas mixture generated in the oxidation zone is fed to the reforming zone, partly bypassing the injection and mixture formation zone.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that by separating the oxidation zone and reforming zone and mixing the exhaust gas from the oxidation zone with additionally supplied fuel, a gas mixture can be generated which offers good conditions with regard to the subsequent reforming or by further supplying exhaust gas and Oxidizing agents can be optimized with regard to the reforming process.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a reformer according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a flow chart to explain a method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a reformer according to the invention.
  • the reformer 10 can be fed fuel 12 and oxidizing agent 16 via respective feeds. Diesel can be used as fuel 12, for example, and oxidizing agent 16 is usually air.
  • the heat of reaction which arises immediately during the initial combustion can be partially dissipated in an optionally provided cooling zone 36.
  • the mixture then continues into the oxidation zone 24, which can be realized as a tube arranged within the reforming zone 26.
  • the oxidation zone is implemented by a plurality of pipes or by a special pipe guide within the reforming zone 26.
  • fuel and oxidant are converted in an exothermic reaction with ⁇ «1.
  • the resulting gas mixture 32 then enters an injection and mixture formation zone 30, in which it is mixed with injected fuel 14.
  • the thermal energy of the gas mixture 32 can support the evaporation of the fuel 14.
  • oxidizing agent is fed into the injection and mixture formation zone 30.
  • the mixture thus formed then passes into the reforming zone 26, where it is reacted in an endothermic reaction with, for example, ⁇ ⁇ 0.4.
  • the heat 28 required for the endothermic reaction is removed from the oxidation zone 24.
  • additional oxidizing agent 18 can be fed into the reforming zone 26.
  • the reformate 22 then flows out of the reforming zone 26 and is available for further applications.
  • FIG. 2 shows a flow diagram to explain a method according to the invention.
  • an oxidation zone is supplied with fuel and oxidizing agent. Thereafter, at least partial oxidation of the fuel takes place in step S02.
  • the gas mixture emerging from the oxidation zone is fed to the injection and mixture formation zone.
  • additional fuel is supplied to the injection and mixture formation zone in step S04.
  • the mixture generated in the injection and mixture formation zone is then fed to the reforming zone in step S05, where it is reformed in step S06 in an endothermic reaction using the heat of reaction of the exothermic oxidation.
  • the reformate is removed in step S07.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a reformer for reacting fuel (12) and oxidant (16, 18, 20) to reformate (22). Said reformer comprises an oxidizing zone (24) and a reforming zone (26). A mixture of fuel (12) and oxidant (16, 18, 20) is delivered to the oxidizing zone (24) and is delivered at least in part to the reforming zone (26) following at least partial oxidation of the fuel (12). According to the invention, fuel (14) can be additionally delivered to the reforming zone (26) while heat (28) can be supplied to the reforming zone (26). The invention further relates to a method for reacting fuel (12) and oxidant (16, 18, 20) to reformate (22).

Description

Reformer und Verfahren zum Umsetzen von Brennstoff und Oxidationsmittel zu Reformat Reformer and process for converting fuel and oxidant to reformate
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Reformer zum Umsetzen von Brennstoff und Oxidationsmittel zu Reformat, mit einer Oxidationszone und einer Reform ierungszo- ne, wobei der Oxidationszone ein Gemisch aus Brennstoff und Oxidationsmittel zuführbar ist, das nach zumindest teilweiser Oxidation des Brennstoffs zumindest teilweise der Reformierungszone zuführbar ist.The invention relates to a reformer for converting fuel and oxidizing agent to reformate, with an oxidation zone and a reforming zone, wherein a mixture of fuel and oxidizing agent can be supplied to the oxidation zone, which mixture can be supplied at least partially to the reforming zone after at least partial oxidation of the fuel.
Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin ein Verfahren zum Umsetzen von Brennstoff und Oxidationsmittel zu Reformat in einem Reformer mit einer Oxidationszone und einer Reformierungszone, wobei der Oxidationszone ein Gemisch aus Brennstoff und Oxidationsmittel zugeführt wird, das nach zumindest teilweiser Oxidation des Brennstoffs zumindest teilweise der Reformierungszone zugeführt wird.The invention further relates to a method for converting fuel and oxidizing agent to reformate in a reformer having an oxidation zone and a reforming zone, the oxidation zone being supplied with a mixture of fuel and oxidizing agent which is at least partially fed to the reforming zone after at least partial oxidation of the fuel.
Gattungsgemäße Reformer und gattungsgemäße Verfahren haben zahlreiche Anwendungsbereiche. Insbesondere dienen sie dazu, einer Brennstoffzelle ein wasserstoffreiches Gasgemisch zuzuführen, aus dem dann auf der Grundlage elektrochemischer Vorgänge elektrische Energie erzeugt werden kann. Derartige Brennstoffzellen kommen beispielsweise im Kraftfahrzeugbereich als Zu- Satzenergiequellen, sogenannte APUs ("auxiliary power unit"), zum Einsatz.Generic reformers and generic processes have numerous areas of application. In particular, they serve to supply a fuel cell with a hydrogen-rich gas mixture, from which electrical energy can then be generated on the basis of electrochemical processes. Fuel cells of this type are used, for example, in the motor vehicle sector as auxiliary energy sources, so-called APUs ("auxiliary power unit").
Der Reformierungsprozess zum Umsetzen von Brennstoff und Oxidationsmittel zu Reformat kann nach unterschiedlichen Prinzipien erfolgen. Beispielsweise ist die katalytische Reformierung bekannt, bei der ein Teil des Brennstoffs in einer exothermen Reaktion oxidiert wird. Nachteilig an dieser katalytischen Reformierung ist die hohe Wärmeerzeugung, die Systemkomponenten, insbesondere den Katalysator, irreversibel schädigen können.The reforming process for converting fuel and oxidizing agent to reformate can be carried out according to different principles. For example, catalytic reforming is known in which some of the fuel is in a exothermic reaction is oxidized. The disadvantage of this catalytic reforming is the high heat generation which can irreversibly damage system components, in particular the catalytic converter.
Eine andere Möglichkeit zur Erzeugung eines Reformats aus Kohlenwasserstoffen ist das "Steam-Reforming". Dabei werden Kohlenwasserstoffe mit Hilfe von Wasserdampf in einer endothermen Reaktion zu Wasserstoff umgesetzt.Another possibility for producing a reformate from hydrocarbons is "steam reforming". Here, hydrocarbons are converted to hydrogen in an endothermic reaction using water vapor.
Eine Kombination dieser beiden Prinzipien, das heißt der Reformierung auf der Grundlage einer exothermen Reaktion und der Erzeugung von Wasserstoff durch eine endotherme Reaktion, bei der die Energie für die Dampfreformierung aus der Verbrennung der Kohlenwasserstoffe gewonnen wird, wird als auto- therme Reformierung bezeichnet. Hierbei kommt es jedoch zu den zusätzlichen Nachteilen, dass eine Zuführmöglichkeit für Wasser bereitgestellt werden muss. Hohe Temperaturgradienten zwischen der Oxidationszone und der Reformierungszone stellen weitere Probleme im Temperaturhaushalt des gesamten Systems dar.A combination of these two principles, that is, reforming based on an exothermic reaction and the generation of hydrogen by an endothermic reaction, in which the energy for steam reforming is obtained from the combustion of the hydrocarbons, is referred to as auto-thermal reforming. However, there are the additional disadvantages that a water supply must be provided. High temperature gradients between the oxidation zone and the reforming zone pose further problems in the temperature balance of the entire system.
Ein Beispiel für einen Reformer mit einer von einer Reformierungseinheit ge- trennten Oxidationseinheit ist in der DE 199 43 248 A1 angegeben.An example of a reformer with an oxidation unit separated from a reforming unit is given in DE 199 43 248 A1.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Reformer und ein Verfahren zum Umsetzen von Brennstoff und Oxidationsmittel zu Reformat zur Verfügung zu stellen, bei dem die genannten Probleme zumindest teilweise überwunden wer- den und bei dem insbesondere keine Probleme durch hohe Temperaturen beziehungsweise große Temperaturgradienten entstehen.The invention has for its object to provide a reformer and a method for converting fuel and oxidizing agent to reformate, in which the problems mentioned are at least partially overcome and in particular no problems arise from high temperatures or large temperature gradients.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst.This object is achieved with the features of the independent claims.
Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben. Die Erfindung baut auf dem gattungsgemäßen Reformer dadurch auf, dass der Reformierungszone zusätzlich Brennstoff zuführbar ist und dass der Reformierungszone Wärme zuführbar ist. Der zusätzlich zugeführte Brennstoff bildet somit zusammen mit dem Abgas aus der Oxidationszone das Ausgangsgas- gemisch für den Reformierungsprozess. Durch die Vermischung des Brennstoffs mit dem Abgas wird ein kleiner λ-Wert zur Verfügung gestellt (beispielsweise λ = 0,4), und unter Zuführung von Wärme kann eine endotherme Refor- mierungsreaktion stattfinden.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims. The invention builds on the generic reformer in that fuel can also be supplied to the reforming zone and that heat can be supplied to the reforming zone. The additional fuel supplied, together with the exhaust gas from the oxidation zone, thus forms the starting gas mixture for the reforming process. By mixing the fuel with the exhaust gas, a small λ value is made available (for example λ = 0.4), and an endothermic reforming reaction can take place when heat is added.
In diesem Zusammenhang ist es besonders nützlich, dass der Reformierungszone Wärme aus der exothermen Oxidation in der Oxidationszone zuführbar ist. Die in der Oxidationszone entstehende Wärmeenergie wird somit im Rahmen der Reformierungsreaktion umgesetzt, so dass die Nettowärmeproduktion des Gesamtprozesses nicht zu Problemen im Temperaturhaushalt des Reformers führt.In this context, it is particularly useful that heat from the exothermic oxidation can be supplied to the reforming zone in the oxidation zone. The thermal energy generated in the oxidation zone is thus converted as part of the reforming reaction, so that the net heat production of the overall process does not lead to problems in the temperature balance of the reformer.
Nützlicherweise ist vorgesehen, dass die Reformierungszone eine Oxidations- mittelzuführung aufweist, über die zusätzlich Oxidationsmittel zuführbar ist. Auf diese Weise steht ein weiterer Parameter zur Beeinflussung der Reformierung zur Verfügung, so dass diese optimiert werden kann.It is usefully provided that the reforming zone has an oxidizing agent supply, via which additional oxidizing agents can be supplied. In this way, a further parameter is available for influencing the reforming, so that it can be optimized.
Die Erfindung ist in besonders nützlicher Weise dadurch weitergebildet, dass der zusätzliche Brennstoff einer Einspritz- und Gemischbildungszone zuführbar ist und dass der zusätzliche Brennstoff aus der Einspritz- und Gemischbil- dungszone in die Reformierungszone strömen kann. Diese Einspritz- und Gemischbildungszone ist somit in Strömungsrichtung der Reformierungszone vorgelagert, so dass der Reformierungszone ein gut vermischtes Ausgangsgas für die Reformierungsreaktion zur Verfügung gestellt wird.The invention is developed in a particularly useful manner in that the additional fuel can be fed to an injection and mixture formation zone and that the additional fuel can flow from the injection and mixture formation zone into the reforming zone. This injection and mixture formation zone is thus upstream of the reforming zone, so that the reforming zone is provided with a well-mixed starting gas for the reforming reaction.
In diesem Zusammenhang ist es besonders nützlich, dass der zusätzlicheIn this context, it is particularly useful that the additional
Brennstoff durch die thermische Energie des aus der Oxidationszone austretenden Gasgemischs zumindest teilweise verdampft wird. Somit kann die Reak- tionswärme aus der Oxidation auch in vorteilhafter Weise für den Verdamp- fungsprozess des Brennstoffs genutzt werden.Fuel is at least partially evaporated by the thermal energy of the gas mixture emerging from the oxidation zone. Thus the reac- Heat from the oxidation can also be used advantageously for the vaporization process of the fuel.
Weiterhin kann es nützlich sein, dass das in der Oxidationszone erzeugte Gasgemisch teilweise unter Umgehung der Einspritz- und Gemischbildungszone der Reformierungszone zuführbar ist. Hierdurch steht noch eine weitere Möglichkeit zur Beeinflussung des Reformierungsprozesses zur Verfügung, so dass eine weitere Verbesserung des aus dem Reformer austretenden Reformats im Hinblick auf dessen Anwendung erreicht werden kann.Furthermore, it may be useful for the gas mixture generated in the oxidation zone to be able to be fed to the reforming zone partially bypassing the injection and mixture formation zone. This provides a further possibility for influencing the reforming process, so that a further improvement of the reformate exiting the reformer can be achieved with regard to its application.
Die Erfindung baut auf dem gattungsgemäßen Verfahren dadurch auf, dass der Reformierungszone zusätzlich Brennstoff zugeführt wird und dass der Reformierungszone Wärme zugeführt wird. Auf diese Weise werden die Vorteile und Besonderheiten des erfindungsgemäßen Reformers auch im Rahmen eines Verfahrens umgesetzt. Dies gilt auch für die nachfolgend angegebenen besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.The invention is based on the generic method in that additional fuel is fed to the reforming zone and that heat is fed to the reforming zone. In this way, the advantages and special features of the reformer according to the invention are also implemented as part of a process. This also applies to the particularly preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention specified below.
Dieses ist in nützlicher Weise dadurch weitergebildet, dass der Reformierungszone Wärme aus der exothermen Oxidation in der Oxidationszone zugeführt wird.This is further developed in a useful manner in that heat from the exothermic oxidation is supplied to the reforming zone in the oxidation zone.
Weiterhin kann es nützlich sein, dass die Reformierungszone eine Oxidations- mittelzuführung aufweist, über die zusätzlich Oxidationsmittel zugeführt wird.Furthermore, it can be useful for the reforming zone to have an oxidant feed, via which additional oxidant is fed.
Es ist im Rahmen des Verfahrens bevorzugt, dass der zusätzliche Brennstoff einer Einspritz- und Gemischbildungszone zugeführt wird und dass der zusätzliche Brennstoff aus der Einspritz- und Gemischbildungszone in die Reformierungszone strömt.It is preferred in the context of the method that the additional fuel is fed to an injection and mixture formation zone and that the additional fuel flows from the injection and mixture formation zone into the reforming zone.
Nützlicherweise ist bei dem Verfahren vorgesehen, dass der zusätzliche Brennstoff durch die thermische Energie des aus der Oxidationszone austretenden Gasgemischs zumindest teilweise verdampft wird. Weiterhin kann vorgesehen sein, dass das in der Oxidationszone erzeugte Gasgemisch teilweise unter Umgehung der Einspritz- und Gemischbildungszone der Reformierungszone zugeführt wird.It is useful in the method that the additional fuel is at least partially evaporated by the thermal energy of the gas mixture emerging from the oxidation zone. Furthermore, it can be provided that the gas mixture generated in the oxidation zone is fed to the reforming zone, partly bypassing the injection and mixture formation zone.
Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass durch die Trennung von Oxidationszone und Reformierungszone und die Vermischung des Abgases aus der Oxidationszone mit zusätzlich zugeführtem Brennstoff ein Gasgemisch erzeugt werden kann, das im Hinblick auf die nachfolgende Reformierung gute Voraussetzung bietet beziehungsweise durch weitere Zuführung von Abgas und Oxidationsmittel im Hinblick auf den Reformierungsprozess optimiert werden kann.The invention is based on the knowledge that by separating the oxidation zone and reforming zone and mixing the exhaust gas from the oxidation zone with additionally supplied fuel, a gas mixture can be generated which offers good conditions with regard to the subsequent reforming or by further supplying exhaust gas and Oxidizing agents can be optimized with regard to the reforming process.
Die Erfindung wird nun in Bezug auf die begleitenden Zeichnungen anhand be- vorzugter Ausführungsformen beispielhaft erläutert.The invention will now be explained by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings using preferred embodiments.
Dabei zeigt:It shows:
Figur 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Reformers; undFigure 1 is a schematic representation of a reformer according to the invention; and
Figur 2 ein Flussdiagramm zur Erläuterung eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.FIG. 2 shows a flow chart to explain a method according to the invention.
Figur 1 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Reformers. Dem Reformer 10 kann Brennstoff 12 und Oxidationsmittel 16 über jeweilige Zuführungen eingespeist werden. Als Brennstoff 12 kommt beispielsweise Diesel in Frage, das Oxidationsmittel 16 ist in der Regel Luft. Die unmittelbar bei der anfänglichen Verbrennung entstehende Reaktionswärme kann in einer optional zur Verfügung gestellten Kühlzone 36 teilweise abgeführt werden. Das Gemisch tritt dann weiter in die Oxidationszone 24, die als innerhalb der Reformierungszone 26 angeordnetes Rohr realisiert sein kann. In alternativen Ausführungsformen ist die Oxidationszone durch mehrere Rohre oder durch eine spezielle Rohrführung innerhalb der Reformierungszone 26 realisiert. In der Oxidationszone findet eine Umsetzung von Brennstoff und Oxidationsmittel in einer exothermen Reaktion mit λ « 1 statt. Das dabei entstehende Gasgemisch 32 tritt danach in eine Einspritz- und Gemischbildungszone 30 ein, in der es mit eingespritztem Brennstoff 14 vermischt wird. Die thermische Energie des Gasgemisches 32 kann dabei die Verdampfung des Brennstoffs 14 unterstützen. Zusätzlich kann vorgesehen sein, dass in die Einspritz- und Gemischbildungszone 30 Oxidationsmittel zugeführt wird. Das so gebildete Gemisch gelangt dann in die Reformierungszone 26, wo es in einer endothermen Reaktion mit zum Beispiel λ ~ 0,4 umgesetzt wird. Die für die endotherme Reaktion benötigte Wärme 28 wird aus der Oxidationszone 24 abgeführt. Zur Optimierung des Reformierungsprozesses kann zusätzlich Oxidationsmittel 18 in die Reformierungszone 26 zugeführt werden. Weiterhin ist es möglich, einen Teil des in der Oxidationszone 24 erzeugten Gasgemisches 34 direkt unter Umgehung der Einspritz- und Gemischbildungszone 30 der Reformierungszone 26 zuzuführen. Das Reformat 22 strömt dann aus der Reformierungszone 26 aus und steht für weitere Anwendungen zur Verfügung.Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a reformer according to the invention. The reformer 10 can be fed fuel 12 and oxidizing agent 16 via respective feeds. Diesel can be used as fuel 12, for example, and oxidizing agent 16 is usually air. The heat of reaction which arises immediately during the initial combustion can be partially dissipated in an optionally provided cooling zone 36. The The mixture then continues into the oxidation zone 24, which can be realized as a tube arranged within the reforming zone 26. In alternative embodiments, the oxidation zone is implemented by a plurality of pipes or by a special pipe guide within the reforming zone 26. In the oxidation zone, fuel and oxidant are converted in an exothermic reaction with λ «1. The resulting gas mixture 32 then enters an injection and mixture formation zone 30, in which it is mixed with injected fuel 14. The thermal energy of the gas mixture 32 can support the evaporation of the fuel 14. In addition, it can be provided that oxidizing agent is fed into the injection and mixture formation zone 30. The mixture thus formed then passes into the reforming zone 26, where it is reacted in an endothermic reaction with, for example, λ ~ 0.4. The heat 28 required for the endothermic reaction is removed from the oxidation zone 24. To optimize the reforming process, additional oxidizing agent 18 can be fed into the reforming zone 26. Furthermore, it is possible to feed a portion of the gas mixture 34 generated in the oxidation zone 24 directly to the reforming zone 26, bypassing the injection and mixture formation zone 30. The reformate 22 then flows out of the reforming zone 26 and is available for further applications.
Figur 2 zeigt ein Flussdiagramm zur Erläuterung eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. In Schritt S01 wird einer Oxidationszone Brennstoff und Oxidationsmittel zugeführt. Danach erfolgt in Schritt S02 eine zumindest teilweise Oxidation des Brennstoffs. Gemäß Schritt S03 wird das aus der Oxidationszone austretende Gasgemisch der Einspritz- und Gemischbildungszone zugeführt. Weiterhin wird in Schritt S04 der Einspritz- und Gemischbildungszone zusätzlicher Brennstoff zugeführt. Das in der Einspritz- und Gemischbildungszone erzeugte Gemisch wird dann in Schritt S05 der Reformierungszone zugeführt, wo es in Schritt S06 in einer endothermen Reaktion unter Ausnutzung der Reaktionswärme der exothermen Oxidation reformiert wird. In Schritt S07 wird das Reformat entnommen. Die in der vorstehenden Beschreibung, in den Zeichnungen sowie in den Ansprüchen offenbarten Merkmale der Erfindung können sowohl einzeln als auch in beliebiger Kombination für die Verwirklichung der Erfindung wesentlich sein.FIG. 2 shows a flow diagram to explain a method according to the invention. In step S01, an oxidation zone is supplied with fuel and oxidizing agent. Thereafter, at least partial oxidation of the fuel takes place in step S02. According to step S03, the gas mixture emerging from the oxidation zone is fed to the injection and mixture formation zone. Furthermore, additional fuel is supplied to the injection and mixture formation zone in step S04. The mixture generated in the injection and mixture formation zone is then fed to the reforming zone in step S05, where it is reformed in step S06 in an endothermic reaction using the heat of reaction of the exothermic oxidation. The reformate is removed in step S07. The features of the invention disclosed in the above description, in the drawings and in the claims can be essential both individually and in any combination for realizing the invention.
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
12 Brennstoff12 fuel
14 Brennstoff14 fuel
16 Oxidationsmittel16 oxidizing agents
18 Oxidationsmittel18 oxidizing agents
20 Oxidationsmittel20 oxidizing agents
22 Reformat22 Reformate
24 Oxidationszone24 oxidation zone
26 Reformierungszone26 Reform zone
28 Wärme28 warmth
30 Einspritz- und Gemischbildungszone30 injection and mixture formation zone
34 Gasgemisch34 gas mixture
36 Kühlzone 36 cooling zone

Claims

ANSPRÜCHE EXPECTATIONS
1. Reformer zum Umsetzen von Brennstoff (12) und Oxidationsmittel (16, 18, 20) zu Reformat (22), mit einer Oxidationszone (24) und einer Reformie- rungszone (26), wobei der Oxidationszone (24) ein Gemisch aus Brennstoff (12) und Oxidationsmittel (16, 18, 20) zuführbar ist, das nach zumindest teilweiser Oxidation des Brennstoffs (12) zumindest teilweise der Reformierungszone (26) zuführbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet,1. Reformer for converting fuel (12) and oxidizing agent (16, 18, 20) to reformate (22), with an oxidation zone (24) and a reforming zone (26), the oxidation zone (24) being a mixture of fuel (12) and oxidizing agent (16, 18, 20) can be supplied, which after at least partial oxidation of the fuel (12) can at least partially be supplied to the reforming zone (26), characterized in that
- dass der Reformierungszone (26) zusätzlich Brennstoff (14) zuführbar ist und- That the reforming zone (26) additional fuel (14) can be fed and
dass der Reformierungszone (26) Wärme (28) zuführbar ist.that heat (28) can be supplied to the reforming zone (26).
2. Reformer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Reformierungszone (26) Wärme (28) aus der exothermen Oxidation in der Oxidationszone (24) zuführbar ist.2. Reformer according to claim 1, characterized in that the reforming zone (26) heat (28) from the exothermic oxidation in the oxidation zone (24) can be supplied.
3. Reformer nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Reformierungszone (26) eine Oxidationsmittelzuführung aufweist, über die zusätzlich Oxidationsmittel (16, 18, 20) zuführbar ist.3. Reformer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reforming zone (26) has an oxidizing agent supply via which additional oxidizing agent (16, 18, 20) can be supplied.
4. Reformer nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet,4. Reformer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
dass der zusätzliche Brennstoff (14) einer Einspritz- und Gemischbildungszone (30) zuführbar ist und dass der zusätzliche Brennstoff (14) aus der Einspritz- und Gemischbildungszone (30) in die Reformierungszone (26) strömen kann.that the additional fuel (14) can be supplied to an injection and mixture formation zone (30) and that the additional fuel (14) can flow from the injection and mixture formation zone (30) into the reforming zone (26).
5 5. Reformer nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zusätzliche Brennstoff (14) durch die thermische Energie des aus der Oxidationszone (24) austretenden Gasgemischs (34) zumindest teilweise verdampft wird. 0 6. Reformer nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das in der Oxidationszone (24) erzeugte Gasgemisch (34) teilweise unter Umgehung der Einspritz- und Gemischbildungszone (30) der Reformierungszone (26) zuführbar ist. 5 7. Verfahren zum Umsetzen von Brennstoff (12) und Oxidationsmittel (16, 18, 20) zu Reformat (22) in einem Reformer mit einer Oxidationszone (24) und einer Reformierungszone (26), wobei der Oxidationszone (24) ein Gemisch aus Brennstoff (12) und Oxidationsmittel (16, 18, 20) zugeführt wird, das nach zumindest teilweiser Oxidation des Brennstoffs (12) zumindest teilweise der Re- o formierungszone (26) zugeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet,5. A reformer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the additional fuel (14) is at least partially evaporated by the thermal energy of the gas mixture (34) emerging from the oxidation zone (24). 6. A reformer according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the gas mixture (34) generated in the oxidation zone (24) can be fed partially bypassing the injection and mixture formation zone (30) of the reforming zone (26). 5 7. Process for converting fuel (12) and oxidizing agent (16, 18, 20) to reformate (22) in a reformer with an oxidation zone (24) and a reforming zone (26), the oxidation zone (24) being a mixture Fuel (12) and oxidizing agent (16, 18, 20) is supplied, which after at least partial oxidation of the fuel (12) is at least partially supplied to the reforming zone (26), characterized in that
dass der Reformierungszone (26) zusätzlich Brennstoff (14) zugeführt wird und 5 - dass der Reformierungszone (26) Wärme (28) zugeführt wird.that additional fuel (14) is fed to the reforming zone (26) and 5 - that heat (28) is fed to the reforming zone (26).
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7; dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Reformierungszone (26) Wärme (28) aus der exothermen Oxidation in der Oxidationszone (24) zugeführt wird. 0 8. The method according to claim 7; characterized in that the reforming zone (26) is supplied with heat (28) from the exothermic oxidation in the oxidation zone (24). 0
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Reformierungszone (26) eine Oxidationsmittelzuführung aufweist, über die zusätzlich Oxidationsmittel (16, 18, 20) zugeführt wird.9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the reforming zone (26) has an oxidizing agent supply via which additional oxidizing agent (16, 18, 20) is supplied.
10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet,10. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in
dass der zusätzliche Brennstoff (14) einer Einspritz- und Gemischbildungszone (30) zugeführt wird undthat the additional fuel (14) is fed to an injection and mixture formation zone (30) and
- dass der zusätzliche Brennstoff (14) aus der Einspritz- und Gemischbildungszone (30) in die Reformierungszone (26) strömt.- That the additional fuel (14) flows from the injection and mixture formation zone (30) into the reforming zone (26).
11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zusätzliche Brennstoff (14) durch die thermische Energie des aus der Oxidationszone (24) austretenden Gasgemischs (34) zumindest teilweise verdampft wird.11. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the additional fuel (14) is at least partially evaporated by the thermal energy of the gas mixture (34) emerging from the oxidation zone (24).
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10 oder 11 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das in der Oxidationszone (24) erzeugte Gasgemisch (34) teilweise unter Um- gehung der Einspritz- und Gemischbildungszone (30) der Reformierungszone (26) zugeführt wird. 12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the gas mixture (34) generated in the oxidation zone (24) is supplied to the reforming zone (26) partly bypassing the injection and mixture formation zone (30).
EP04816267A 2003-12-17 2004-12-16 Reformer and method for reacting fuel and oxidant to reformate Withdrawn EP1694598A2 (en)

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CN100544814C (en) 2009-09-30
AU2004298418B2 (en) 2008-11-13
WO2005058751A3 (en) 2007-04-26
JP2007516328A (en) 2007-06-21
WO2005058751A2 (en) 2005-06-30
KR20070005561A (en) 2007-01-10
KR100863759B1 (en) 2008-10-16
JP5172149B2 (en) 2013-03-27
AU2004298418A1 (en) 2005-06-30
DE10359205B4 (en) 2007-09-06
CA2550047A1 (en) 2005-06-30
CN101076394A (en) 2007-11-21
US20070084118A1 (en) 2007-04-19
DE10359205A1 (en) 2005-07-14

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