EP1693953A1 - Einstellung und Anzeige gespeicherter Parameter - Google Patents

Einstellung und Anzeige gespeicherter Parameter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1693953A1
EP1693953A1 EP06250736A EP06250736A EP1693953A1 EP 1693953 A1 EP1693953 A1 EP 1693953A1 EP 06250736 A EP06250736 A EP 06250736A EP 06250736 A EP06250736 A EP 06250736A EP 1693953 A1 EP1693953 A1 EP 1693953A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
value
parameter
digital
switch
circuit according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06250736A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michael John Wright
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cummins Generator Technologies Ltd
Original Assignee
Newage International Ltd
Cummins Generator Technologies Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Newage International Ltd, Cummins Generator Technologies Ltd filed Critical Newage International Ltd
Publication of EP1693953A1 publication Critical patent/EP1693953A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/48—Arrangements for obtaining a constant output value at varying speed of the generator, e.g. on vehicle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the adjustment and display of parameters in digital control circuits for electrical machines.
  • the invention has particular application in automatic voltage regulators (AVRs) for use with power generators.
  • AVRs automatic voltage regulators
  • AVR automatic voltage regulator
  • a separate user interface is provided in order to allow the user to view and to set parameters of the control algorithm.
  • the user interface may be in the form of a suitably programmed personal computer which is connected to the digital AVR by means of a digital interface, or in the form of a bespoke interface having a display and a keypad for entering parameters.
  • a digital interface may be expensive, and the user may not always have such an interface available. There therefore exists the need for a mechanism by which a service engineer may view and/or adjust the parameters of a digital control circuit such as a digital AVR without the need for a specialist user interface.
  • a digital control circuit for an electrical machine, the circuit comprising a processor arranged to execute a control or protection algorithm, the circuit having an output for reading out a value of at least one digital parameter of the algorithm, wherein the circuit is arranged to output an analogue signal whose value corresponds to the value of the digital parameter.
  • Arranging the circuit to output an analogue signal whose value corresponds to the value of the parameter allows the value of the parameter to be read using non-specialist equipment, such as a conventional multimeter. This thus provides a simple and convenient mechanism by which a user may read an internal parameter of a digital control circuit.
  • control circuit for a rotating electrical machine, such as a generator or an alternator
  • the control circuit may be a control circuit for a rotating electrical machine.
  • the control circuit may be an automatic voltage regulator (AVR), and thus the algorithm may be a control algorithm for an automatic voltage regulator.
  • the control circuit may be a drive for a motor, such as a motor which is coupled to a generator.
  • the analogue signal may be either a voltage or a current, and it may be either a DC signal or an alternating signal such as a square wave or a sine wave.
  • the circuit may comprise a digital to analogue converter for producing the analogue signal.
  • the analogue signal may be a pulse width modulated signal, such as a pulse width modulated square wave.
  • a pulse width modulated signal such as a pulse width modulated square wave.
  • the pulse width modulated signal may then be filtered to produce an average value, which average value corresponds to the value of the parameter.
  • a multimeter may provide the filtering as part of its input circuitry, and the value displayed by the multimeter will then correspond to the value of the parameter.
  • a filter may be provided as part of the control circuit.
  • the analogue output signal is in a form which can be read by a conventional multimeter. Since a service engineer will usually have a multimeter available, this can allow a service engineer to view the parameter in the field without the need to carry around a specialist user interface or a personal computer.
  • the circuit may further comprise an input for adjusting at least one parameter of the algorithm.
  • the circuit may further comprise an analogue to digital converter for converting an analogue control signal into a digital signal for setting a value of the parameter.
  • the circuit may further comprise a component having a variable value (e.g. a variable resistor, such as a potentiometer, or a variable capacitor or inductor) for setting a value of the parameter.
  • a component having a variable value e.g. a variable resistor, such as a potentiometer, or a variable capacitor or inductor
  • the circuit itself can provide the mechanism for adjusting the parameter.
  • an external device could be used to set the value of the parameter.
  • the circuit may further comprise a switch having a first position and a second position, and the circuit may be arranged such that when the switch is in the first position the value of the digital parameter can be read externally, and when the switch is in the second position the value of the digital parameter can be set.
  • the processor may then be arranged to read an initial value of the variable component, and to adjust the value of the analogue output signal in dependence on a change in the value of the variable component, when the switch is in the second position.
  • the processor may be arranged to adjust the value of the analogue output signal in proportion to the amount of deviation from the initial value.
  • the processor may be arranged to increase or to decrease the value of the analogue output signal at a rate which depends on the amount by which the value of the variable component deviates from its initial value, when the switch is in the second position. For example, a positive and negative threshold may be set, and when the value of the variable component exceeds those thresholds the value of the analogue output signal may be incremented or decremented. Multiple thresholds may be set, to allow the value of the analogue output signal to be incremented or decremented at different rates.
  • the processor may be arranged to increase or to decrease the value of the analogue output signal at a rate which is in proportion to the amount of deviation from the initial value.
  • the processor is arranged to read an initial value of the variable component when the switch is moved to the second position, and to prevent setting of the parameter unless the initial value of the variable component is within predetermined limits.
  • the microprocessor can ensure that the variable component is initially set to approximately its middle value, so as to allow the value of the parameter to be increased or decreased as required.
  • the processor may be arranged to store the value of the analogue output signal in a temporary storage location when the switch is in the second position.
  • the processor may then be arranged to set the value of the digital parameter to the value stored in the temporary storage location when the switch is moved from the second position to the first position.
  • the processor may be arranged to time-out of a parameter setting mode if the switch has been in the second position for more than a predetermined period of time, or if no adjustments have been made for a predetermined period of time with the switch in the second position. In this way accidental adjustment of the parameters may be prevented. Preferably when the processor times out no adjustment to the parameter is made.
  • the circuit may further comprise a parameter selection switch, the circuit being arranged such that the position of the parameter selection switch determines which one of two or more parameters is to be read or set.
  • the switch may be, for example, a dual in-line (DIL) switch, and the mode selecting switch may also be part of the DIL.
  • DIL dual in-line
  • an n-way DIL switch (where n ⁇ 2) can allow up to 2 n-1 parameters to be set, as well as allowing switching between a parameter reading mode and a parameter setting mode.
  • types of switches such as a rotary switch could also be used.
  • the present invention also provides an Automatic Voltage Regulator (preferably for a generator) comprising a control circuit according to any of the preceding claims.
  • a corresponding method is also provided, and thus according to another aspect of the invention there is provided a method of reading a digital parameter of a control or protection algorithm executed by a digital control circuit, the method comprising outputting an analogue signal whose value corresponds to the value of the digital parameter, and reading the value of the analogue signal externally to the digital control circuit.
  • the present invention may be implemented using hardware components or software modules or any combination thereof.
  • the analogue to digital converters and the digital to analogue converters may be software modules executed on the processor (or on another processor), or hardware or firmware components external to the processor.
  • FIG. 1 shows parts of a generating set with which the present invention may be used.
  • the generator comprises a main rotor 2 and a main stator 3 which provides the output power.
  • Current is supplied to the coils in the main rotor 2 by means of exciter rotor 4, exciter stator 5 and rotating diodes 6.
  • the main stator also provides power for excitation of the exciter field via AVR 7, which is the controlling device governing the level of excitation supplied to the exciter field.
  • the AVR 7 responds to a voltage sensing signal derived from the main stator winding. By controlling the low power of the exciter field, control of the high power requirement of the main field is achieved through the rectified output of the exciter armature.
  • control circuit 10 is an AVR which receives a sensed voltage from the output of a generator, performs a control algorithm, and outputs a signal which is supplied to a field winding of the generator.
  • the control circuit 10 comprises a microprocessor 12 for performing the control algorithm, an analogue to digital converter (ADC) 14 for converting the sensed output from the generator into digital form, and a digital to analogue converter (DAC) 16 for producing an analogue output voltage which is amplified in amplifier 17 and supplied to a field winding of the generator.
  • ADC analogue to digital converter
  • DAC digital to analogue converter
  • control algorithm running on microprocessor 17 filters the incoming signal from the main stator, and compares the filtered signal to a reference signal in order to produce an error signal. This error signal is then used to control the voltage supplied to the generator exciter stator.
  • control parameter are stored internally in the microprocessor 12. These may include parameters which control system gain, stability, damping, protection thresholds, acceleration and deceleration rates, and so forth. In general these parameters are set when the machine is first set up in a particular installation. However there may be a need to view and/or adjust these parameters at a later date either for diagnostic purposes, or because the installation is to be changed.
  • the control circuit 10 also comprises a digital to analogue converter 18, a dual in-line (DIL) switch 20, a potentiometer 22, an analogue to digital converter 24, and an output terminal 26. Also shown in Figure 2 is an external multimeter 28 which is connected to the output terminal 26.
  • DIL dual in-line
  • FIG. 3 shows the DIL switch 20 in greater detail.
  • the DIL switch 20 has a total of five separate switches. The first of these switches P can be set in either a "parameter set” position or a "parameter read” position, and is used to select either a parameter setting mode or a parameter reading mode.
  • the remainder of the switch positions, labelled 1, 2, 4, 8 in Figure 3, are parameter selection switches and are used to select a parameter to be set or read. In this example the four parameter selection switches would allow up to sixteen parameters to be selected.
  • the documentation supplied with the control circuit informs the operator which switch positions correspond to which parameters.
  • the switch P is set to the read position, and the remaining switches are used to select the parameter to be read.
  • the microprocessor 12 senses the positions of the various switches in the DIL switch 20, and outputs to digital to analogue converter 18 the value of the parameter which is selected.
  • the digital to analogue converter 18 converts this value into an analogue signal and supplies the analogue signal to the output terminal 26.
  • the digital to analogue converter 18 scales the analogue output signal so that it has an appropriate range.
  • External multimeter 28 is connected to the output terminal 26 and reads the value of the output signal.
  • the documentation supplied with the control circuit instructs the operator as to which range on the multimeter to select in order to read a particular parameter.
  • digital to analogue converter 18 may output a voltage of between 0 V and 5 V dc depending on the value of the parameter to be read, and the multimeter would then be set to read such a voltage range.
  • the documentation supplied with the control circuit also specifies the scaling which is used when producing the output signal at the terminal 26, so that a service engineer or other user can determine from the value of the output signal as read by multimeter 28, the value of the control parameter which is stored internally in the microprocessor 12.
  • the control circuit 10 shown in Figure 2 also allows a service engineer or other user to set values of control parameters within the microprocessor 12.
  • the potentiometer 22 is first set to approximately its middle position.
  • the parameter selection switches in DIL switch 20 are set to select the parameter which it is desired to adjust, and the programming switch P in the DIL switch 20 is then moved to the parameter set position.
  • the microprocessor 12 reads the value set by the potentiometer 22 via an analogue to digital converter 24, and stores this value internally. This value is then considered as a null value for the purposes of setting the value of the control parameter.
  • the value of the control parameter to be set is read by the multimeter 28 via digital to analogue converter 18 and output terminal 26 in the same way as described above.
  • the microprocessor 12 With the switch P in the set position, the microprocessor 12 reads the amount by which the potentiometer 22 deviates from the null position, and adjusts the value of the analogue output signal in proportion to the amount of deviation. Thus, if the potentiometer is turned from its null position, the reading of the multimeter 28 will vary in accordance with the amount of deviation. However the actual value of the internally stored parameter is not changed at this stage; instead the microprocessor 12 uses a temporary storage location to store the value of the analogue output signal while the switch P is in the set position.
  • the programming switch P When the reading on the multimeter 28 corresponds to the required value of the control parameter, the programming switch P is returned to the read position. At this point, the value of the internal control parameter is set to the temporarily stored value of the analogue output signal. In this way the internal parameter is set to a value corresponding to the displayed reading.
  • control parameters may then be set by making the appropriate selection on the DIL switch 20, and repeating the above procedure.
  • the value of the output signal may be incremented or decremented at a rate which depends on the amount of deviation. For example, the deviation from the null position may be compared to both positive and negative thresholds, and the output signal may be incremented or decremented once these thresholds are exceeded. Multiple thresholds could be used for low, medium and high speed increments and decrements. Thus, the further potentiometer is turned from the null position, the quicker the parameter is adjusted. Returning the potentiometer to the null position (within the thresholds) stops the adjustment.
  • the microprocessor 12 checks that the potentiometer is approximately in the middle position, by comparing the value of the potentiometer to upper and lower thresholds. If the potentiometer is not within these thresholds then no action is taken.
  • the microprocessor 12 also operates a time-out, so that if no action is taken for a predetermined amount of time with the switch P in the set position, the microprocessor reverts to read mode. This can prevent accidental changing of the parameters if the switch P has been left in the set position.
  • the setting mode can be re-activated by moving the switch first to the read position and then back to the set position.
  • control circuit described above provides a simple and low cost method of viewing and adjusting parameters stored within the microprocessor 12.
  • a standard multimeter is used to read the value of a control parameter both for diagnostic purposes and when setting the value of the parameter. Since a service engineer will usually have a standard multimeter available, this enables a service engineer to view and to set parameters without the need to carry around a specialist user interface or a personal computer.
  • control circuit The additional components required by the control circuit to enable the parameters to be read and adjusted is as follows:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Feedback Control In General (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
EP06250736A 2005-02-18 2006-02-10 Einstellung und Anzeige gespeicherter Parameter Withdrawn EP1693953A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0503466.5A GB0503466D0 (en) 2005-02-18 2005-02-18 Adjustment and display of stored parameters

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1693953A1 true EP1693953A1 (de) 2006-08-23

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EP06250736A Withdrawn EP1693953A1 (de) 2005-02-18 2006-02-10 Einstellung und Anzeige gespeicherter Parameter

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US (1) US20060284636A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1693953A1 (de)
GB (1) GB0503466D0 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2482598C1 (ru) * 2011-12-19 2013-05-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "СИБНАНОТЕХ" Способ управления системой генерирования электрической энергии и устройство для его реализации
CN113848499A (zh) * 2021-09-28 2021-12-28 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 驱动电源的参数监控方法、装置及驱动电源系统

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US7685441B2 (en) * 2006-05-12 2010-03-23 Intel Corporation Power control unit with digitally supplied system parameters
CN102109582A (zh) * 2009-12-25 2011-06-29 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 线性电压产生装置

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US4801854A (en) * 1986-08-14 1989-01-31 La Telemecanique Electrique Adjustment and dialogue device more particularly for speed variators
US5006781A (en) * 1988-05-09 1991-04-09 Onan Corporation Microprocessor based integrated generator set controller apparatus and method
US5038094A (en) * 1989-12-04 1991-08-06 Sundstrand Corporation Reference trimming for a digital voltage regulator
EP0503265A1 (de) * 1991-02-04 1992-09-16 Joh. Vaillant GmbH u. Co. Eingabeeinrichtung für einen programmierbaren Heizungsregler
DE19620575A1 (de) * 1996-05-22 1997-11-27 Kloeckner Moeller Gmbh Schaltungsanordnung zur Einstellung der Parameter von elektronischen Geräten

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2482598C1 (ru) * 2011-12-19 2013-05-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "СИБНАНОТЕХ" Способ управления системой генерирования электрической энергии и устройство для его реализации
CN113848499A (zh) * 2021-09-28 2021-12-28 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 驱动电源的参数监控方法、装置及驱动电源系统
CN113848499B (zh) * 2021-09-28 2022-11-11 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 驱动电源的参数监控方法、装置及驱动电源系统

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Publication number Publication date
US20060284636A1 (en) 2006-12-21
GB0503466D0 (en) 2005-03-30

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