EP1692356B1 - Door opener - Google Patents

Abstract

The door opener has a locking catch counter-piece (3), a controllable security element (8) for preventing unauthorized opening of the door and an ejector, e.g. a pivoted slider plate (18), for ejecting the locking catch from engagement with the locking catch counter-piece. A transmission element between the latter and the ejector transmits a pivot movement of the locking catch counter-piece, upon movement of the locking catch in the opening direction, to the ejector, in the unlocked position of the door opener.

Description

The invention relates to a door opener for releasing a door, which is provided with a lock latch counterpart and with a controllable securing element for securing the door opener against unauthorized opening of the door, wherein the door has a latch which engages in the locked position of the door opener in the lock trap counterpart.

Door openers are known to be used in door closures of residential or office buildings. In this case, serving as a lock trap counterpart pivot latch is released or locked by a locking lever (change), which in turn is secured by an armature of an electromagnet. The latch of the door engages behind the pivot latch and when released, the pivot latch can be pushed back and the door can be opened.

Adaptations to the required properties are necessary for special application situations, so that a number of different door-opener types have been developed for special tasks. These are, for example, noise-critical areas of application, such as hospitals. A special application is also given if reliability must be ensured at high preload. Also special thermal conditions or special conditions prevail in terms of safety requirements, which may be contrary to the use of the known door openers for non-compliance with these conditions.

From the US 3,640,560 A It is known to provide an actuating lever in the lock trap receiving space of a door opener, which actuates a microswitch when projecting into the door latch latch. From the US 4,181,338 A It is known to provide flexible or spring-loaded latching means in the lock latch receiving space of a door opener, which allow pressing the door without the latch is actively pulled out of the lock latch receiving space. Finally, out of the EP 0 153 627 A1 a door opener with a release mechanism is known which has an electromagnetically actuated lock. If the lock is released electromagnetically, the lock catch protruding into the lock catch receiving space slides in the opening direction of the door along a ramp-like guide surface over which the lock catch is pushed out of the lock catch receiving space.

The invention has the object of developing a door opener of the type mentioned in such a way that it is suitable for as many applications and tasks and yet is simple.

This object is achieved in that it is provided with an ejector for ejecting the lock latch from the lock latch counterpart and with a force transmission element between the lock latch counterpart and the ejector, with which during the opening movement of the door initiated by the latch to the lock latch counterpart force after a deflection the force is transmitted to the ejector.

The basic idea of the invention is to use the force introduced during the pressing or pulling on of the door by means of a force-displacement conversion for pushing back a spring-loaded latch when the electromechanical unlocking has taken place. By such a door opener, it is possible to make the door opening operation low noise, since the impact energy of the holding element is low and the kickback of the door latch is low. In addition, the collapse of the latch is reduced by the ejector when bouncing the door. Furthermore, the reliability of the door opener is reliably guaranteed at high preload, which can be caused by door seals or bimetallic effects caused by temperature fluctuations. Another advantage of a preferred development of the invention is that the lock latch counterpart of the door opener can be covered by a closed strike plate. This offers not only visual advantages, but the door gap can be sealed throughout because of the closed strike plate in the lock area, since the seal can rest circumferentially. Thus, the door opener can also be used for smoke and fire doors. In addition, this is advantageous for heat and sound insulation. Finally, a high static locking force is achieved by the closed strike plate. Finally, the invention is characterized by a small design, so that the door opener can be installed even with small Zargenbreiten.

A preferred development of the invention provides that the ejector has a slide plate and an actuating element, and the actuating element is arranged directly on the lock trap counterpart. This arrangement provides an optimal introduction of force against the latch. Furthermore, it is expedient that the actuating element is designed as a longitudinally displaceably mounted pin. The pin can be arranged in a guide in the lock trap counterpart, which is formed in the simplest case as a bore. The pin itself represents a cost effective design of the actuator.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that a biasing element is provided for adjusting the release force released the door. Furthermore, the power transmission element and / or the lock latch counterpart can be biased. For bias while a spring is provided. The Spring force is preferably adjustable. In this way, the release forces can be specified so that variable adjustments to the particular conditions of use and door masses are possible.

It is particularly useful that a pressure piece is provided on the lock trap counterpart.
About the pressure piece can be made an adjustment of the release force.

A further preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the force transmission element is designed as a change. Alternatively, the power transmission element can be designed as a Bowden cable, multi-joint transmission, push link chain or hydraulic system. If the change has two lever arms, optimum power transmission can be set. Preferably, the lock latch counterpart acts on a short lever arm, while a long lever arm transmits the force introduced to the actuating element.

Preferably, it is further provided that a rolling element for minimizing friction is present at the lock trap counterpart in the engagement region with the latch, so that virtually no friction and thus no wear occurs.

As an alternative to the electromagnets used as release actuators for the securing element, a development of the invention also provides for the locking or unlocking operation piezoelectrically, magnetostrictively, via shape-memory actuators, mechanically, by means of rheological fluids, hydraulically, or pneumatically. In the case of hydraulic, pneumatic and rheological release methods, a so-called panic function for automatic release of the door opener can be realized in a simple manner in an emergency.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Schrägansicht eines ersten Türöffners in Sperrstellung;

Fig. 2

eine Querschnittsansicht durch den ersten Türöffner gemäß Fig. 1 in Sperrstellung entlang der Schnittlinie II-II;

Fig. 3

eine Querschnittsansicht durch den ersten Türöffner gemäß Fig. 1 in Sperrstellung entlang einer Schnittlinie III-III;

Fig. 4

eine Querschnittsansicht durch den ersten Türöffner gemäß Fig. 1 in Sperrstellung entlang der Schnittlinie IV-IV;

Fig. 5

eine Seitensicht des ersten Türöffners auf die Schwenkfallenseite;

Fig. 6

eine perspektivische Schrägansicht des ersten Türöffners gemäß Fig. 1 in Sperrstellung mit einer Schlossfalle;

Fig. 7

eine Querschnittsansicht durch den ersten Türöffner gemäß Fig. 2 in Sperrstellung entlang der Schnittlinie IV-IV mit einer Schlossfalle;

Fig. 8

eine perspektivische Schrägansicht des ersten Türöffners in Auswurfstellung mit einer Schlossfalle;

Fig. 9

eine Querschnittsansicht durch den ersten Türöffner gemäß Fig. 8 in Auswurfstellung entlang der Schnittlinie IX-IX mit einer Schlossfalle;

Fig. 10

eine Querschnittsansicht durch den ersten Türöffner gemäß Fig. 9 in Auswurfstellung entlang der Schnittlinie IX-IX mit einer gegenüber Fig. 9 verstellten Schwenkfalle und ohne Schlossfalle;

Fig. 11

eine perspektivische Schrägansicht eines zweiten Türöffners in Auswurfstellung ohne eine Schlossfalle; und

Fig. 12

eine Querschnittsansicht durch den zweiten Türöffner gemäß Fig. 11 in Auswurfstellung entlang der Schnittlinie XII-XII

The invention will be further described with reference to embodiments shown in the drawing. They show schematically:

Fig. 1

an oblique perspective view of a first door opener in the locked position;

Fig. 2

a cross-sectional view through the first door opener according to Fig. 1 in locked position along the section line II-II;

Fig. 3

a cross-sectional view through the first door opener according to Fig. 1 in locked position along a section line III-III;

Fig. 4

a cross-sectional view through the first door opener according to Fig. 1 in locked position along the section line IV-IV;

Fig. 5

a side view of the first door opener on the Schwenkfallenseite;

Fig. 6

an oblique perspective view of the first door opener according to Fig. 1 in locked position with a latch;

Fig. 7

a cross-sectional view through the first door opener according to Fig. 2 in locked position along the section line IV-IV with a latch;

Fig. 8

a perspective oblique view of the first door opener in the ejection position with a latch;

Fig. 9

a cross-sectional view through the first door opener according to Fig. 8 in ejection position along the section line IX-IX with a lock latch;

Fig. 10

a cross-sectional view through the first door opener according to Fig. 9 in ejection position along the section line IX-IX with an opposite Fig. 9 adjusted pivot latch and without lock latch;

Fig. 11

a perspective oblique view of a second door opener in the ejection position without a latch; and

Fig. 12

a cross-sectional view through the second door opener according to Fig. 11 in ejection position along the section line XII-XII

Fig. 1 to 4 illustrates a door opener in unloaded locking position. It is provided with a housing 2, designed as a pivot latch 3 lock latch counterpart, a two-armed, pivotally mounted change 6 and a pivotally mounted fuse element 8. The housing is shown with the cover removed (not shown). The securing element 8 is formed by an armature which is actuated directly or indirectly by an electromagnetic actuator (not shown) and acts on the free end of the long lever arm 6 'of the change 6. The pivot axis 15 of the securing element 8 runs parallel to the pivot axis 17 of the change 6. The pivot axis 25 of the pivotal latch 3 is aligned transversely to it.

A short lever arm 6 "of the change 6 is in operative connection with the rear side of the pivoting latch 3 in such a way that the pivoting latch 3 according to FIG Fig. 1 with locked change 6 is prevented from moving, ie the door opener is locked. With unlocked change 6 according to Fig. 9 can the pivot latch 3 against the evasive short lever arm 6 "of the change 6 are pivoted and the door opener is thus in the ejection position.

The door opener further comprises an ejector for a latch 13 ( Fig. 6 ), which has a slide plate 18 and a pin 10 (FIG. Fig. 4 ) for controlling the slide plate 18. The slide plate 18 is pivotally mounted on the pivot latch 3, wherein its pivot axis 30 (FIG. Fig. 5 ) runs transversely to the pivot axis 25 of the pivot latch 3. The slide plate 18 is biased by a first compression spring 28 in conjunction with the pin 10. The compression spring 28 causes the slide plate 18 is pivoted in the unloaded state in its outer position of the pivot latch 3, as in Fig. 1 shown.

In the position according to Fig. 1 is the Sicherungslement 8 locking in front of the lying in its locked position long arm 6 'of the change 6 deflected. In this case, the long arm 6 'is pivoted away from the pivoting latch 3, and the short arm 6 "is locked against the pivoting latch 3. The contact between the short arm 6" and the pivoting latch 3 takes place via a pressure piece 16, which in the example shown the pivot latch 3 is mounted. The pressure piece 16 is adjustable, for example via a screw thread. By displacement along the short lever arm 6 ", for example by an eccentrically adjustable pressure point, an adjustment of the contact point or the setting of the tripping force of the pivotal latch 3 can be carried out in this way A pressure bolt 29 is used in conjunction with pressure element 16 to set a tripping force of the pivoting latch 3 ,

From the Fig. 2 to 4 It can be seen in detail that the pivotal latch 3 is formed in two parts with a bearing-side base part 21 and an L-shaped front part 22. The front part has a base bearing side leg 3 'and at its free end a cantilevered leg 3 ", in the manner of a nose as a stop for a latch 13 ( Fig. 6 ) serves. The L-shaped front part 22 can be fixed along the base-side leg 3 'optionally in different positions, for example via a latching tooth surface 23. Thus, the front part 22 can be arranged in the pivoting direction optionally offset on the base part 21 to the engagement of the free leg 3 "with The slide plate 18 is arranged on the front part 22 so that its relative position to the cantilevered leg 3 'is independent of the assignment of the front part 22 to the base part 21.

According to Fig. 3 the pressure pin 29 is slidably mounted in the base part 21. It is acted upon against the long arm 6 'of the change 6 with a second compression spring 31, which is arranged in a recess of the base part 21. The base of the second compression spring 31 lies on one Adjustment screw 32, via which the bias between the pivoting latch 3 and the long arm 6 'can be adjusted.

The pin 10 is according to Fig. 4 in a bore of the base member 21 slidably mounted between the long arm 6 'of the change 6 and the back of the slide plate 18. The pin 10 is shorter than the respective distance of the long lever arm 6 'and the slide plate 18 in its outer position. The remaining difference is essentially bridged by the first compression spring 28, which is supported on the long lever arm 6 'and presses the pin 10 on the slide plate 18, so that it assumes its outer position in the unloaded state.

In the cross-sectional representations of Fig. 3 and 4 illustrates that the pin 10 is mounted longitudinally displaceable in a guide bore 20 in the pivoting latch 3. The pin 10 therefore makes any pivotal movement of the pivotal latch 3 with.

Fig. 5 shows the selectively adjustable connection of front part 22 and base part 21 of the pivoting latch 3 by means of parallel oblong holes 33 in the front part 22 and locking screws 34 on the base part 21st

Fig. 6 and 7 illustrate the locking position of the door opener described above further characterized in that along its longitudinal axis according to arrow 26 resiliently biased latch 13 of a door (not shown) is reproduced, which engages in the pivoting latch 3. The latch 13 has pushed the slide plate 18 into its inner position on the pivot latch 3. The pin 10 is displaced against the first compression spring 28 to the locked pivot latch 3, wherein the first compression spring 28 is in the state of maximum compression. The engagement of the latch 13 with the pivot latch 3 is due to the spring effect quiet.

Since the slide plate 18 is arranged on the front part 22, it is ensured that the slide plate 18 in each position of the front part 22 always has the exact alignment relative to the latch 13, so that the engagement of the slide plate 18 is reliably ensured with the lock latch 13. The arrangement of the pin 10 and the guide bore 20 is chosen so that the pin 10 acts on the slide plate 18 in each position of the front part 22.

In the ejection position of the door opener according to Fig. 8 and 9 gives the fuse element 8, the long arm 6 'free. By pressing the latch bolt 13 out of the plane is the pivotal latch 3 has pivoted backwards and has deflected the short arm 6 "backwards, as a result of which the long arm 6 'is deflected forward towards the rear of the pivoting latch 3.

The long arm 6 'pushes the pin 10 against the back of the slide plate 18 and deflects them forward in the in Fig. 1 illustrated outer position, wherein the first compression spring 28 maintains its compressed state, and thus the spring action of the first compression spring 28 is released. In this case, the lock catch 13 is pushed back against its spring force in the direction of arrow 27 and comes out of engagement with the pivot latch 3. The change 6 thus has the function of a mechanical force-displacement transmission element. The two ends of the pin 10 are rounded so that it can easily slide along the change 6 and the slide plate 18 when a sliding movement is performed.

The door opener works in summary as follows. If the change 6 is released electromechanically, a force exerted by the latch 13 on the front part 22 causes the pivoting latch 3 to be deflected in the direction of force about its pivot axis 25. About the pivot latch 3, the force is deflected and transmitted to the change 6, which presses on the pin 10 on the slide plate 18. In this way, the pin 10 is moved relative to the pivot latch 3 during the pivoting of the pivot latch 3 and acts on the slide plate 18 a. This pushes the lock latch 13 on the free leg 3 "of the pivot latch 3 over, which is simultaneously pivoted laterally out of the way of the latch bolt 13, which it passes through during the opening movement of the respective door.

Overall, therefore, the force exerted by the latch 13 on the pivoting latch 3 in the pivoting direction force is deflected by serving as a force transmission element lever mechanism by about 90 ° and there is a force-displacement conversion, as a result, the latch bolt 13 transversely to the pivoting direction in their open Position is pushed back. The release of the latch 13 is therefore based on the one hand on the lateral pivoting away the pivot latch 3 away from the latch 13 and on the other hand the pushing away of the latch 13 from the pivot latch 3 away. The release of the latch 13 from the pivot latch 3 is thus no longer performed exclusively by a pivoting movement of the pivot latch 3 as in known door openers, but by a combined pivot-sliding movement of the pivot latch 3 and ejector. This allows a small pivoting of the pivot latch 3. It can therefore have a relatively long pivot arm, so that the pivot bearing 25 as shown in the region of the housing corner can be arranged, which is opposite to the free end of the pivot latch 3. The length of the pivot lever of the pivot latch 3 can therefore correspond approximately to the depth of the housing.

In connection with the L-shaped front part 22 differ the Fig. 1 to 9 on the one hand and Fig. 10 on the other hand by its position on the base part 21. Like the Fig. 1 to 9 show, the front part 22 is arranged on the ratchet surface 23 in its inner position, in which the door opener has its smallest depth. According to Fig. 10 the front part 22 is in an outwardly shifted position. The ratchet surface in conjunction with the slots 33 and locking screws 34 allow a precise adjustment of the position of the front part 22 to the position of the latch 3 at different installation conditions of the door opener.

Since the slide plate 18 is arranged on the front part 22, it is ensured that the slide plate 22 in each position of the front part 22 always has the exact alignment relative to the latch, so that the engagement of the slide plate 18 is reliably ensured with the latch. The arrangement of the pin 10 and the guide bore 20 is chosen so that the pin 10 acts on the slide plate 18 in each position of the front part 22. In this case, furthermore, the lever arm is the same in each position of the front part 22, below which the pin 10 acts on the slide plate 18. As a result, the release force of the door opener is independent of the position of the front part 22nd

At the second door opener according to Fig. 11 and 12 are the same parts as in the first door opener provided with the same reference numerals, so that reference is made to the above description. Function and interaction agree with the first door opener. The second door opener differs from the first door opener only by the arrangement of the slide plate 28, which is arranged here with its pivot axis parallel to the pivot axis 25 of the pivot latch 3. The free end of the slide plate 18 is assigned to the free leg 3 ".

The cross-sectional view in Fig. 12 shows further that the free leg 3 "of the pivotal latch 3 has an inner edge 24 which serves as a stop for the slide plate 18, and on which the free end of the slide plate 18 is supported in the pivoted position.

As an alternative to the pivoting latch, it may be advantageous to design the latched latch counterpart as a displaceable latch, preferably as a linearly displaceable latch.

Claims (15)

1. Door opener for releasing a door, which is provided with a lock catch counterpart (3) and with a controllable securing element (8) to secure the door opener against unauthorized opening of the door, wherein the door exhibits a lock catch (13) that engages in the lock catch counterpart when the door opener is in the blocked position,
   characterized in that
   it is provided with an ejector (18) for ejecting the lock catch (13) from the lock catch counterpart (3) and with a force transmission element (6) between the lock catch counterpart (3) and the ejector (18), with which the force transmitted by the lock catch (13) to the lock catch counterpart (3) is transferred to the ejector (18) after a deflection of the force.
2. Door opener according to Claim 1, characterized in that the ejector (18) is mounted on the lock catch counterpart (3).
3. Door opener according to Claim 2,
   characterized in that
   the ejector comprises a slide plate (18) that is mounted on the lock catch counterpart (3) so that it can swivel.
4. Door opener according to Claim 3,
   characterized in that
   the swivel axis (30) of the slide plate (18) runs parallel to the movement direction of the lock catch counterpart (3).
5. Door opener according to Claim 4,
   characterized in that
   the lock catch counterpart is designed as a swivel catch (3) and that the swivel axis (30) of the slide plate (18) runs perpendicular to the axis (25) of the swivel catch (3).
6. Door opener according to Claim 4,
   characterized in that
   the lock catch counterpart is designed as a sliding catch, especially a linear sliding catch.
7. Door opener according to one of Claims 3 to 6,
   characterized in that
   the force transmission element comprises a lever connection with a controlled two-armed change-over (6), that one lever arm (6") serves as a locking element for the lock catch counterpart and that the other lever arm (6') is in active connection with a pin (10) that engages with the slide plate (18).
8. Door opener according to Claim 7,
   characterized in that
   the two-armed change-over (6) is controlled piezo-electrically, magneto-restrictively, using shape-memory actuators, mechanically, using rheological fluids, hydraulically or pneumatically.
9. Door opener according to one of Claims 1 to 6,
   characterized in that
   the force transmission element is designed as a Bowden cable, multi-link transmission, pushing element chain or hydraulic system.
10. Door opener according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    a front part (22) of the lock catch counterpart (3) can be adjusted relative to a base part (21).
11. Door opener according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the force transmission element is prestressed with a first prestress element (28).
12. Door opener according to Claim 11,
    characterized in that
    another second prestress element (31) is provided to adjust the triggering force of the door opener.
13. Door opener according to Claims 5 and 7,
    characterized in that
    a pressure piece (16) is provided between the swivel catch (3) and change-over (6) for calibrating purposes.
14. Door opener according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    a closed door opener closing plate is provided.
15. Door opener according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    a roller element is provided on the lock catch counterpart (3) in the contact area of the lock catch (13).

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