EP1690058A2 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents
Heat exchangerInfo
- Publication number
- EP1690058A2 EP1690058A2 EP04803126A EP04803126A EP1690058A2 EP 1690058 A2 EP1690058 A2 EP 1690058A2 EP 04803126 A EP04803126 A EP 04803126A EP 04803126 A EP04803126 A EP 04803126A EP 1690058 A2 EP1690058 A2 EP 1690058A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- layer
- nanoparticles
- coating
- aluminum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/04—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by preventing the formation of continuous films of condensate on heat-exchange surfaces, e.g. by promoting droplet formation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2245/00—Coatings; Surface treatments
- F28F2245/02—Coatings; Surface treatments hydrophilic
Definitions
- the invention relates to a heat exchanger with surface-treated heat transfer surfaces. It also relates to a process for the surface treatment of heat exchangers.
- Heat exchangers in particular evaporators, which are used in air conditioning systems - in particular in motor vehicles - usually consist of a plurality of disks or pipes which are arranged in a row and are connected to one another in a fluid-tight manner and between which corrugated fins are arranged in a tightly packed manner.
- these enable optimal heat transfer between the cold flowing through the panes or pipes.
- medium and the air flowing through the corrugated fin network are, however, predestined for the precipitation of condensate as well as dust or dirt.
- This moist, dirty heat transfer surface provides an ideal breeding ground for microorganisms, the settlement of which can result in undesirable odors.
- the damp soiling particularly favors damage caused by corrosion.
- the surface of an object is usually given a hydrophobic finish. Because spherical water droplets form on the surface due to the hydrophobic design, these beads are basically dirt and water repellent. With a hydrophobically equipped surface of the heat exchanger described, however, the water drops cannot bead off because of the very densely packed corrugated fin structure. Instead, they get caught between the adjacent, narrow ribs and gills. This just prevents the desired self-cleaning effect due to the hydrophobic design. This also usually leads to a decrease in the overall performance of the heat exchanger.
- the hydrophilicity of a substance is characterized, among other things, by its polarity, a low interfacial tension with water and good wettability with water, which results from the fact that the adhesive forces that act between the molecules of the same substance are large at an interface compared to the cohesive forces that between Molecules of the same substance work. If a surface is well wettable, a liquid drop forms a contact angle on it that is less than 90 °, ie the liquid can spread more or less on the surface. A hydrophilic finish on a surface therefore leads to the formation of a thin, closed liquid film. The closed liquid film allows the dust and dirt particles to flow away, thereby reducing the permanent accumulation of dust and dirt. In addition, since the corrugated fin surface dries faster due to the comparatively thin water film formation, the settlement of microorganisms on the heat exchanger surface is also reduced.
- CN 13242732 discloses an aluminum heat exchanger which is provided with a layer which, inter alia, contains nanoparticles based on macromolecular surfactants and crosslinkable, unsaturated monomers and has corrosion-protective and hydrophilic properties.
- a heat exchanger is known from EP 1 154 042 A1, in which, after acidic cleaning, the heat exchanger surface is provided with a chromium- or zirconium-containing conversion layer and a hydrophilic polymer-based layer which contains silicate particles with a diameter between 5 and 1000 nm ,
- the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a heat exchanger of the type mentioned above, the heat transfer surfaces made of metal, in particular aluminum or aluminum compounds, are provided with a surface coating which is improved compared to the prior art. Furthermore, a particularly suitable method for such a surface coating of the heat exchanger mentioned is to be specified.
- the object is achieved according to the invention in that a plurality of layers are applied to its heat transfer surfaces, nanoparticles being used for the coating.
- the invention is based on the consideration that the design objectives pursued equally in favor of a long service life and improved performance for the heat exchanger cannot be achieved, or at least not satisfactorily, through a single layer.
- design goals that actually diverge from one another namely, e.g. B. on the one hand for optimized corrosion protection and on the other hand for a hydrophilic surface finish.
- a hydrophilic or water-attracting and therefore moist surface favors the damage or destruction of materials by chemical or electrochemical reactions.
- it is generally desirable to prevent material and water from coming into contact with one another by means of a hydrophobic finish.
- a hydrophilic finish of a surface is desired in order to promote the formation of a thin, closed liquid film which allows the dust and dirt particles to flow away.
- each layer being upgraded for its own specific property.
- defects in the layer expose the metal, so that this location of the metal, particularly in the case of a hydrophilic layer, that is to say a liquid-attracting layer, offers a suitable contact surface for corrosion damage. If there are several layers, the likelihood that defects in the layers lie directly one above the other and the metal will be exposed is lower. This has a correspondingly positive effect on reducing corrosion damage.
- nanoparticles When using the material for the layers, customized structures for the desired functions of the coating systems, such as the adhesive forces that act between the molecules of different substances, play an important role.
- the dimensions or dimensions of individual components and mixtures are largely responsible for the formation of functional coatings.
- the smallest nanoparticles are clusters of a few hundred molecules and are subject to the laws of quantum mechanics, while the larger ones are governed by the rules of traditional solid state physics.
- nanoparticles Compared to larger particles with the same chemical composition, nanoparticles have a much smaller number of construction defects. Because of their geometrical and material-specific peculiarities, they therefore offer a particularly large and varied spectrum of effects. For this reason, nanoparticles are used for coating. '
- Nanoparticles can be produced, for example, by plasma processes, laser ablation, gas phase synthesis, sol-gel processes, spark erosion or crystallization, among others. Nanoscale particles are characterized by a particularly large surface / volume ratio. Because the adhesive force and the binding of the particles increase with increasing surface area, the layers produced are generally particularly scratch and abrasion resistant. As a result, the surface equipped in this way does not offer a contact surface for damage to the protective coating, as a result of which, for example, corrosion damage can be minimized. Corrosion protection is also improved by appropriately selected nanoscale additives. Because of their hydrophilicity and the comparatively large surface area, these particles are hygroscopic.
- Each layer of the heat exchanger therefore preferably contains different nanoparticles.
- At least one layer preferably has anti-corrosion properties and at least one further layer has hydrophilic and thus self-cleaning properties.
- a corrosion-protective layer is preferably first arranged and advantageously a hydrophilic layer is arranged thereon.
- the hydrophilic layer preferably forms the cover layer of the multiple coating.
- the layer with hydrophilic properties advantageously has a wetting contact angle with water of less than or equal to 60 °, preferably less than or equal to 40 °.
- the wetting contact angle is determined by the so-called sessile drop method, which is an optical one Contact angle measurement to determine the wetting behavior of solids.
- the nanoparticles are preferably dissolved from organic and / or inorganic compounds of aluminum, silicon, boron and / or transition metals, preferably from the IV and V subgroups of the periodic table, and / or cerium in inorganic and / or organic solvents and / or dispersed form used for coating.
- each layer thickness is advantageously less than 1.5 ⁇ m or equal to 1.5 ⁇ m, preferably less than 1 ⁇ m or equal to 1 ⁇ m, and the total layer thickness is less than 5 ⁇ m or equal to 5 ⁇ m.
- the stated object is achieved by applying several layers to a number of heat transfer surfaces made of metal, in particular aluminum or aluminum compounds, with nanoparticles being used for the coating.
- nanoparticles composed of organic and / or inorganic compounds of aluminum, silicon, boron and / or transition metals, preferably of the IV and V subgroups of the periodic stems, and / or cerium dissolved and / or dispersed in inorganic and / or organic solvents for coating.
- the layers are advantageously applied by dipping, flooding or spraying, the individual layers, in particular for a particularly rapid layer build-up, directly one after the other, using what is known as wet-on-wet technology, with a single application. Drying can be applied.
- the individual layers are preferably applied in separate treatment steps with respective intermediate drying.
- the advantages achieved with the invention consist in particular in that a multiple coating of heat transfer surfaces, in which case nanoparticles are used for coating, provides a heat exchanger which ensures various, in some cases also diverging, requirements.
- the desired functionality of the heat transfer surfaces is achieved through the selected use of nanoscale particles made of different materials.
- the surface coating for example, the corrosion protection or the hardness and scratch resistance can be improved, and self-cleaning and antimicrobial surfaces can also be produced.
- at least one corrosion-resistant layer and at least one further, in particular arranged, hydrophilic layer are provided.
- a heat exchanger in particular an evaporator for air conditioning systems in motor vehicles, is provided with a double coating of its heat transfer surfaces made of aluminum substrate.
- the nanoparticles for the respective layer are manufactured using a sol-gel process.
- a multiple coating can also be applied to the heat transfer surfaces, and of course the nanoparticles, which are different in material for each layer, can also be laser ablated by processes other than the sol-gel process, such as, for example, the plasma process - on, gas phase synthesis, spark erosion or crystallization u. a., have it made.
- a first corrosion-resistant and non-hydrophilic layer or the correspondingly configured base layer is applied by immersion treatment in an organically modified inorganic sol-gel layer with water-based solvent. It is cured by subsequent drying at a temperature in the range of 100-150 ° C for 10 minutes. The layer thickness generated is less than 1 ⁇ m.
- a further organically modified inorganic sol-gel layer with water-based solvent is applied as a second layer or the top layer by immersion treatment. It differs in chemical composition from the layer below. The second layer or the top layer is cured again at 100-150 ° C for 10 minutes. Their surface has a hydrophilic character and has a wetting contact angle with water of less than 40 °.
- the total layer thickness of the layer structure consisting of the base and top layers is a maximum of 2 ⁇ m.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10355833A DE10355833A1 (en) | 2003-11-26 | 2003-11-26 | heat exchangers |
PCT/EP2004/012783 WO2005052489A2 (en) | 2003-11-26 | 2004-11-11 | Heat exchanger |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1690058A2 true EP1690058A2 (en) | 2006-08-16 |
EP1690058B1 EP1690058B1 (en) | 2012-04-04 |
Family
ID=34609389
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04803126A Not-in-force EP1690058B1 (en) | 2003-11-26 | 2004-11-11 | Heat exchanger |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070114011A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1690058B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2007512493A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE552471T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE10355833A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005052489A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1658157B1 (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2016-03-23 | MAHLE Behr GmbH & Co. KG | Fluxing agent for soldering metal components |
DE102005023771A1 (en) * | 2005-05-19 | 2006-11-23 | R. Scheuchl Gmbh | Heat exchanger has surfaces of walls provided with coating of dirt deflecting particles in nano-range |
DE102005043730A1 (en) * | 2005-09-14 | 2007-03-22 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Heat exchanger, in particular exhaust gas heat exchanger |
DE102006030199A1 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-01-03 | Klingenburg Gmbh | Moisture and / or heat exchange device, e.g. Plate heat exchanger, sorption rotor, Adsorptionsentfeuchtungsrotor or the like. |
DE102006055755B4 (en) * | 2006-09-18 | 2008-12-24 | Fpe Fischer Gmbh | Housing for an electrical device and electrical device with it |
US8359871B2 (en) * | 2009-02-11 | 2013-01-29 | Marlow Industries, Inc. | Temperature control device |
US20100206527A1 (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2010-08-19 | Hu Lin-Wen | In-Situ Treatment of Metallic Surfaces |
DE102009013054A1 (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2010-09-23 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | heat exchangers |
SA111320468B1 (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2015-04-01 | الفا لافال كوربوريت ايه بي | Heat exchanger plates with anti-fouling properties |
KR20120082278A (en) * | 2011-01-13 | 2012-07-23 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Surface coating layer and heat exchanger including the surface coating layer |
US9851161B2 (en) | 2012-01-03 | 2017-12-26 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Heat exchanger construction using low temperature sinter techniques |
DE102012101980A1 (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2013-09-12 | Alpha-Innotec Gmbh | Vaporizer for refrigerant circuit in air and/or water heat pump heating system for heating e.g. industrial water, has nano-coating coated on outer surface of vaporizer, where ice is set on region of vaporizer in normal operation condition |
WO2018067679A1 (en) * | 2016-10-04 | 2018-04-12 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Methods of making and using heat exchangers |
JP6485714B2 (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2019-03-20 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | Heat exchanger with antifouling coating film |
BR112020001450A2 (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2020-07-28 | Oxford Nanosystems Ltd | heat exchange element, method for transferring heat to or from a fluid, and process for producing a heat exchange element |
Family Cites Families (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS582596A (en) * | 1981-06-30 | 1983-01-08 | Nippon Parkerizing Co Ltd | Surface treatment for heat exchanger made of aluminum |
JPS59205596A (en) * | 1983-05-04 | 1984-11-21 | Showa Alum Corp | Aluminum fin for heat exchanger |
JPS59229197A (en) * | 1983-06-08 | 1984-12-22 | Nippon Parkerizing Co Ltd | Surface treatment procedure for aluminum heat exchanger |
JPH01208478A (en) * | 1988-02-15 | 1989-08-22 | Furukawa Alum Co Ltd | Production of precoated fin material for heat exchanger |
DE19520401C1 (en) * | 1995-03-30 | 1996-08-01 | Norbert Dipl Ing Taufenbach | Heat exchanger for heat conducting component in pump and/or resonator region of solid state power laser |
JPH10220978A (en) * | 1997-02-07 | 1998-08-21 | Matsushita Refrig Co Ltd | Fin and tube type heat exchanger |
KR100301262B1 (en) * | 1998-12-04 | 2001-11-22 | 사또미 유따까 | Aluminum alloy fin material with excellent antibacterial and antifungal properties, heat exchanger for air conditioner and fin material for heat exchanger |
JP4183150B2 (en) * | 1999-04-21 | 2008-11-19 | 住友軽金属工業株式会社 | Aluminum alloy clad material for heat exchangers with excellent erosion and corrosion resistance |
JP4008620B2 (en) * | 1999-06-04 | 2007-11-14 | カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 | Aluminum alloy heat exchanger |
TW576867B (en) * | 2000-01-17 | 2004-02-21 | Nihon Parkerizing | Highly anti-corrosive hydrophilic treating agent, treating solution and hydrophilic treatments composed thereof |
EP1143206A3 (en) * | 2000-04-03 | 2003-05-02 | VTH Verfahrentechnik für Heizung AG | Heat exchanger for boiler or instantaneous heater |
WO2001087798A2 (en) * | 2000-05-19 | 2001-11-22 | The University Of British Columbia | Process for making chemically bonded composite hydroxide ceramics |
DE10045606A1 (en) * | 2000-09-15 | 2002-03-28 | Volkswagen Ag | Oligodynamic coating for the inner metallic surfaces of automobile air conditioners comprises matrix based on (hetero)-polysiloxanes, nano-scale heavy metal particles and an optional corrosion inhibitor |
AU780675B2 (en) * | 2001-03-27 | 2005-04-07 | Denso Corporation | Hydrophilic modification method and heat exchanger treated thereby |
DE10207671B4 (en) * | 2002-02-22 | 2004-01-22 | M.Pore Gmbh | heat exchangers |
DE10213756A1 (en) * | 2002-03-26 | 2003-10-09 | Behr Gmbh & Co | Cooling circuit or component, comprises a coating composed of an organic hybrid material in the areas exposed to coolant |
DE10221009B4 (en) * | 2002-05-11 | 2016-10-13 | Basf Coatings Gmbh | Coating materials, their use, methods for producing coatings and transparent coatings |
US6933046B1 (en) * | 2002-06-12 | 2005-08-23 | Tda Research, Inc. | Releasable corrosion inhibitor compositions |
US7077891B2 (en) * | 2002-08-13 | 2006-07-18 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Adsorbent sheet material for parallel passage contactors |
DE10327365B4 (en) * | 2003-06-16 | 2007-04-12 | AHC-Oberflächentechnik GmbH & Co. OHG | An article with a corrosion protection layer and its use |
-
2003
- 2003-11-26 DE DE10355833A patent/DE10355833A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-11-11 EP EP04803126A patent/EP1690058B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2004-11-11 US US10/580,656 patent/US20070114011A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-11-11 JP JP2006540259A patent/JP2007512493A/en active Pending
- 2004-11-11 AT AT04803126T patent/ATE552471T1/en active
- 2004-11-11 WO PCT/EP2004/012783 patent/WO2005052489A2/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2005052489A3 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10355833A1 (en) | 2005-06-23 |
WO2005052489A3 (en) | 2005-07-28 |
US20070114011A1 (en) | 2007-05-24 |
JP2007512493A (en) | 2007-05-17 |
WO2005052489A2 (en) | 2005-06-09 |
EP1690058B1 (en) | 2012-04-04 |
ATE552471T1 (en) | 2012-04-15 |
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