EP1686346A1 - Firearm with improved accuracy in burst fire and device therefore - Google Patents

Firearm with improved accuracy in burst fire and device therefore Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1686346A1
EP1686346A1 EP05078043A EP05078043A EP1686346A1 EP 1686346 A1 EP1686346 A1 EP 1686346A1 EP 05078043 A EP05078043 A EP 05078043A EP 05078043 A EP05078043 A EP 05078043A EP 1686346 A1 EP1686346 A1 EP 1686346A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cradle
barrel
axis
slide
carcass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05078043A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1686346B1 (en
Inventor
Philippe Plumier
Charles Demoiln
Giuseppe Librici
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FN Herstal SA
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FN Herstal SA
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Publication of EP1686346A1 publication Critical patent/EP1686346A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B13/00—Doors, gates, or other apparatus controlling access to, or exit from, cages or lift well landings
    • B66B13/02—Door or gate operation
    • B66B13/14—Control systems or devices
    • B66B13/16—Door or gate locking devices controlled or primarily controlled by condition of cage, e.g. movement or position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A25/00—Gun mountings permitting recoil or return to battery, e.g. gun cradles; Barrel buffers or brakes
    • F41A25/22—Bearing arrangements for the reciprocating gun-mount or barrel movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B13/00—Doors, gates, or other apparatus controlling access to, or exit from, cages or lift well landings
    • B66B13/24—Safety devices in passenger lifts, not otherwise provided for, for preventing trapping of passengers
    • B66B13/26—Safety devices in passenger lifts, not otherwise provided for, for preventing trapping of passengers between closing doors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a firearm with improved burst accuracy.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a firearm of the machine-gun type that can shoot in a burst, the firearm comprising a barrel and a carcass mounted on a support cradle, the cradle comprising a cradle provided with a slider capable of sliding according to a direction substantially parallel to the axis of the barrel, the carcass being mounted on the one hand on the slider of the cradle by means of a transverse hinge pin and on the other hand on the cradle by means of at least one skid mounted in a slide provided at the cradle.
  • the weapon can be mounted with its cradle on a tripod, on a remote turret, or any other support.
  • the carcass and the barrel can move in the axial direction of the barrel, the carcass being supported by the ram of the cradle and by the pad which is taken up in the slide of the cradle which, in the case of known weapons, is parallel to the axis of the barrel.
  • the slider of the cradle is maintained in an intermediate position by means of a spring or several springs.
  • the slider and the skate allow the guided retreat of the weapon under the effect of the reaction forces of the propulsion gases of the ammunition fired and the spring or the springs, assisted or not by the action of one or more dampers, makes it possible to damp the axial movement of the comings and goings of the carcass during firing of a burst, and to stabilize the position of the carcass around an average axial position.
  • the axis of articulation of the carcass on the cradle allows the tilting of the carcass and the barrel.
  • the first shot When shooting in a burst, the first shot is fired at the weapon's rest position, as in shot-by-shot, and the weapon moves back to the impulse the first time.
  • the barrel is set up by the resumption of games at the moving parts of the weapon and the interface parts such as the skate, and goes into a raised average position and deported around which the barrel oscillates under the effect of the successive blows.
  • This oscillation of the gun contributes to the dispersion of the firing impacts around an average point of impact which is the center of the grouping of the impacts of the successive shots at the first shot of the gust.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid the aforesaid drawbacks and to provide a weapon with improved firing accuracy, making it possible to correct and compensate for the difference between the initial point of impact of the first shot and the point of impact. means of successive strokes.
  • the recoil of the carcass rotates the carcass around the axis of articulation to bring the barrel back to its initial rest position, which results in the fact that the average impact point of the shots fired after the first shot is closer to the initial impact point of the first shot and thus to improved burst accuracy.
  • the firearm comprises at least two slides, each having a carcass pad, these slides being dimensioned with such that a recoil of the carcass and the barrel on the cradle results in a tilting pivoting of the barrel and the carcass about its transverse hinge axis and by a lateral pivot about an axis which is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the transverse axis of articulation and to the axis of the barrel.
  • the invention also relates to a device for improving the shooting accuracy for a firearm, the device comprising a fastener for the weapon which is mounted on a support cradle which comprises a hoe equipped with a slider slidable in a longitudinal direction parallel to the axis of the barrel, the fastener being mounted on the one hand on the slider of the cradle by means of a transverse hinge pin and on the other hand on the cradle to means of at least one shoe mounted in a slide provided at the cradle, this slide being inclined relative to said longitudinal direction.
  • Figure 1 is shown a known firearm 1, more particularly a machine gun firing burst.
  • This known firearm 1 comprises a barrel 2 and a carcass 3 mounted on a support cradle 4, the cradle comprising an elastic hoop 5 provided with a slider 6 slidable in the support cradle 4 in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of geometry XX 'of the barrel 2 in the rest position.
  • the slide 6 is held in an intermediate free position by means of a return spring 7 so as to allow the movement of the slide, both forwards and backwards.
  • the cradle 4 also comprises one or two dampers 8 for damping the movement of the slider 6 of the cradle 5.
  • the carcass 3 is fixed on the one hand in an articulated manner between two parallel spaced apart ears 9 of the slider 6 of the cradle 5 by means of a transverse hinge pin 10.
  • the carcass 3 is supported by the cradle 4 by means of at least one shoe 11 mounted in a slide 12 forming part of the cradle and being limited by two guide walls 13 parallel to the axis of the barrel XX ' in the rest position.
  • the operation of the firearm 1 is well known.
  • the gun At the first shot of a burst, the gun is in its rest position, with its axis oriented along the X-X 'axis.
  • the point of impact of the first shot is shown schematically by point 14 on the target 15 of FIG.
  • the barrel 2 and the carcass 3 retreat back under the action of the propulsion gases of the fired munition, while being supported. by the slider 6 and the pads 11 which allow movement in the direction of the axis of the barrel XX 'in the rest position.
  • the barrel 2 and the carcass 3 oscillate around a retracted middle position M characterized by a displacement A relative to their rest position, this oscillation movement being damped or not and stabilized by the action of the spring 7 or return springs 7 and shock absorber or dampers 8.
  • the barrel 2 and the carcass 3 are straightened under the action of the propulsion gases by the resumption of the games at the moving parts of the weapon 1 and the interfaces parts such as the pads 11 in the slides 12.
  • the barrel 2 oscillates in rotation about a mean direction Y-Y 'which forms an angle B with the direction X-X' of rest.
  • This burst fire dynamics explains that the impacts of the successive shots at the first shot of the burst, are grouped in an area 17 whose center is called the average impact point 18 which is at a distance C above the initial point of impact 14.
  • Figures 3 to 7 show an improved firearm 19 according to the invention which is similar to the firearm 1 of Figure 1 but for which the pads 11 of the carcass 3 are mounted in slides 12 which are such that a retreat of the carcass 3 results in a pivoting of the carcass 3 and the barrel 2 around the hinge axis 10 of the carcass 3.
  • the slides 12 are inclined relative to the direction XX 'of the axis of the barrel 2 in the rest position, that is to say that the guide walls 13 of the rails 12 form an angle E with the XX 'axis as shown in Figure 4, so that the guide direction ZZ' of the slides 12 is located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of articulation 10 of the carcass 3.
  • the lugs 9 supporting the transverse hinge pin 10 are fixed on a support piece not shown, forming part of the slider 6 of the cradle 5, this support piece being pivotable laterally around a pivot whose axis UU 'is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the transverse hinge axis 10 and the axis of the barrel XX' as shown in Figures 3 and 4.
  • the effect of the slide 23 is that a retreat of the carcass 3 gives rise to a lateral offset of the mouth of the barrel 2 by pivoting the carcass 3 and the barrel 2 around the axis UU 'of the pivot of the workpiece support of the hinge axis 10.
  • the side faces 23 of the pads 11 are in contact with the guide planes 22 and have a convex shape.
  • the operation of the firearm 19 according to the invention differs from the operation of the known weapon 1 by the fact that, the retreat of the carcass 3 and the barrel 2 after the first shot of a burst is translated by a slope the barrel 2, for example down, and a lateral offset of the mouth 2A of the barrel 2, for example to the right, because of the inclination of the slides 12 and 23 relative to the axis of the barrel XX 'in rest position.
  • Figure 4 corresponds to the rest situation
  • Figures 6 and 7 respectively correspond to the position of the moving parts after the first shot and the average position of these parts during the shooting burst.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show that the decline of the carcass 3 raises the pads 11 in the slides 12, which causes a tilt of the barrel 2 downwards.
  • angles of inclination E and F, respectively of the slides 12 and 23, relative to the axis XX ' are chosen so that the average point of impact 18 is brought back to the point of initial impact 14 by eliminating vertical distance C and lateral deviation D, as illustrated in FIG.
  • the burst accuracy is improved substantially since a better grouping of all the firing impacts is obtained, including the initial impact 14 of the first shot and the impacts 16 of the successive shots of the burst.
  • the invention is not limited to machine guns, but is also applicable to other automatic or semi-automatic firearms that can fire gusts.
  • sliders can be used separately for burst correction, for example vertically and laterally.
  • the correction does not have to be in the vertical or horizontal plane.
  • pads 11 can be used other guidance means, such as carts, balls, etc..
  • the firearm is not mounted directly on the cradle but through a fastener.
  • the cradle and this fastener together form a device on which one can mount a firearm in order to improve the shooting accuracy of this firearm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Special Wing (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)

Abstract

The firearm has a barrel (2), and a frame (3) mounted on a support suspension (4). The suspension has a cradle (5) with a guide (6) sliding along a direction parallel to the axis (X-X`) of the barrel. The frame is mounted on the guide by a transversal clevis pin (10) and on the suspension by a pad (11) mounted in a slide (12) provided at the suspension. The slide is inclined with respect to the direction of the axis in rest position.

Description

L'invention concerne une arme à feu à précision de tir en rafale améliorée.The invention relates to a firearm with improved burst accuracy.

L'invention concerne plus spécialement une arme à feu du type mitrailleuse pouvant tirer en rafale, l'arme à feu comprenant un canon et une carcasse montée sur un berceau de support, le berceau comprenant une berce pourvue d'un coulisseau pouvant coulisser selon une direction essentiellement parallèle à l'axe du canon, la carcasse étant montée d'une part sur le coulisseau de la berce au moyen d'un axe d'articulation transversal et d'autre part sur le berceau au moyen d'au moins un patin monté dans une glissière prévue au niveau du berceau.The invention relates more particularly to a firearm of the machine-gun type that can shoot in a burst, the firearm comprising a barrel and a carcass mounted on a support cradle, the cradle comprising a cradle provided with a slider capable of sliding according to a direction substantially parallel to the axis of the barrel, the carcass being mounted on the one hand on the slider of the cradle by means of a transverse hinge pin and on the other hand on the cradle by means of at least one skid mounted in a slide provided at the cradle.

L'arme peut être montée avec son berceau sur un trépied, sur une tourelle téléopérée, ou tout autre support.The weapon can be mounted with its cradle on a tripod, on a remote turret, or any other support.

La carcasse et le canon peuvent bouger dans le sens axial du canon, la carcasse étant supportée par le coulisseau de la berce et par le patin qui est repris dans la glissière du berceau qui, dans le cas des armes connues, est parallèle à l'axe du canon.The carcass and the barrel can move in the axial direction of the barrel, the carcass being supported by the ram of the cradle and by the pad which is taken up in the slide of the cradle which, in the case of known weapons, is parallel to the axis of the barrel.

Au repos, le coulisseau de la berce est maintenu dans une position intermédiaire au moyen d'un ressort ou de plusieurs ressorts.At rest, the slider of the cradle is maintained in an intermediate position by means of a spring or several springs.

Pendant le tir, le coulisseau et le patin permettent le recul de manière guidée de l'arme sous l'effet des forces de réaction des gaz de propulsion des munitions tirées et le ressort ou les ressorts, assisté ou non par l'action d'un ou de plusieurs amortisseurs, permet d'amortir le mouvement axial du va-et-vient de la carcasse pendant le tir d'une rafale, et de stabiliser la position de la carcasse autour d'une position axiale moyenne.During firing, the slider and the skate allow the guided retreat of the weapon under the effect of the reaction forces of the propulsion gases of the ammunition fired and the spring or the springs, assisted or not by the action of one or more dampers, makes it possible to damp the axial movement of the comings and goings of the carcass during firing of a burst, and to stabilize the position of the carcass around an average axial position.

L'axe d'articulation de la carcasse sur le berceau permet le basculement de la carcasse et du canon.The axis of articulation of the carcass on the cradle allows the tilting of the carcass and the barrel.

Lors de tirs en rafale, le premier coup est tiré à la position de repos de l'arme, comme en tir coup par coup, et l'arme recule à l'impulsion du premier coup.When shooting in a burst, the first shot is fired at the weapon's rest position, as in shot-by-shot, and the weapon moves back to the impulse the first time.

Directement après le premier coup et lors des coups suivants, le canon se met en place par la reprise des jeux au niveau des pièces mobiles de l'arme et des pièces d'interface telles que le patin, et se met dans une position moyenne relevée et déportée autour de laquelle le canon oscille sous l'effet des coups successifs.Directly after the first shot and the following shots, the barrel is set up by the resumption of games at the moving parts of the weapon and the interface parts such as the skate, and goes into a raised average position and deported around which the barrel oscillates under the effect of the successive blows.

Cette oscillation du canon contribue à la dispersion des impacts de tir autour d'un point d'impact moyen qui est le centre du groupement des impacts des coups successifs au premier coup de la rafale.This oscillation of the gun contributes to the dispersion of the firing impacts around an average point of impact which is the center of the grouping of the impacts of the successive shots at the first shot of the gust.

Pour les armes connues on observe un écart entre le point d'impact initial du premier coup et le point d'impact moyen des coups successifs, ce qui se traduit par une précision de tir diminuée, la précision tenant compte effectivement de tous les coups tirés en rafale, y compris le premier coup.For known weapons there is a gap between the initial point of impact of the first shot and the average impact point of successive shots, which results in a precision decreased accuracy, taking into account all shots taken in a burst, including the first shot.

L'invention a pour but d'éviter les inconvénients susdits et de procurer une arme à précision de tir en rafale améliorée, permettant de corriger et de compenser l'écart entre le point d'impact initial du premier coup et le point d'impact moyen des coups successifs.The object of the invention is to avoid the aforesaid drawbacks and to provide a weapon with improved firing accuracy, making it possible to correct and compensate for the difference between the initial point of impact of the first shot and the point of impact. means of successive strokes.

Ce but est atteint selon l'invention par une arme à feu du type tel que décrit, mais pour laquelle la glissière du patin de la carcasse n'est pas parallèle à l'axe du canon, mais est inclinée par rapport à la direction de cet axe en position de repos.This object is achieved according to the invention by a firearm of the type as described, but for which the slider of the skid of the carcass is not parallel to the axis of the barrel, but is inclined with respect to the direction of this axis in the rest position.

En tirant une rafale, le canon et la carcasse reculent et ils ont tendance à se redresser par la reprise des jeux.Firing a burst, the barrel and carcass recede and they tend to recover by the resumption of games.

Puisque le patin de la carcasse est guidé par une glissière inclinée, le recul de la carcasse fait pivoter la carcasse autour de l'axe d'articulation pour ramener le canon vers sa position de repos initiale, ce qui se traduit par le fait que le point d'impact moyen des coups tirés après le premier coup se rapproche du point d'impact initial du premier coup et donc par une amélioration de la précision de tir en rafale.Since the skid of the carcass is guided by an inclined slide, the recoil of the carcass rotates the carcass around the axis of articulation to bring the barrel back to its initial rest position, which results in the fact that the average impact point of the shots fired after the first shot is closer to the initial impact point of the first shot and thus to improved burst accuracy.

Selon une forme de réalisation préférentielle, l'arme à feu comprend au moins deux glissières, chacune reprenant un patin de carcasse, ces glissières étant dimensionnées de telle sorte qu'un recul de la carcasse et du canon sur le berceau se traduit par un pivotement en inclinaison du canon et de la carcasse autour de son axe d'articulation transversal et par un pivotement latéral autour d'un axe qui est perpendiculaire ou substantiellement perpendiculaire à l'axe d'articulation transversal et à l'axe du canon.According to a preferred embodiment, the firearm comprises at least two slides, each having a carcass pad, these slides being dimensioned with such that a recoil of the carcass and the barrel on the cradle results in a tilting pivoting of the barrel and the carcass about its transverse hinge axis and by a lateral pivot about an axis which is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the transverse axis of articulation and to the axis of the barrel.

De ce fait il est possible de compenser l'écart entre le point d'impact initial du premier coup et le point d'impact moyen des coups suivants dans deux plans perpendiculaires, par exemple le plan vertical et le plan horizontal, de façon à pouvoir éliminer complètement cet écart.As a result, it is possible to compensate for the difference between the initial impact point of the first shot and the average impact point of the subsequent shots in two perpendicular planes, for example the vertical plane and the horizontal plane, so as to be able to completely eliminate this gap.

L'invention concerne également un dispositif d'amélioration de la précision de tir en rafale pour une arme à feu, le dispositif comprenant une pièce de fixation pour l'arme qui est montée sur un berceau de support qui comprend une berce pourvue d'un coulisseau pouvant coulisser selon une direction longitudinale parallèle à l'axe du canon, la pièce de fixation étant montée d'une part sur le coulisseau de la berce au moyen d'un axe d'articulation transversal et d'autre part sur le berceau au moyen d'au moins un patin monté dans une glissière prévue au niveau du berceau, cette glissière étant inclinée par rapport à ladite direction longitudinale.The invention also relates to a device for improving the shooting accuracy for a firearm, the device comprising a fastener for the weapon which is mounted on a support cradle which comprises a hoe equipped with a slider slidable in a longitudinal direction parallel to the axis of the barrel, the fastener being mounted on the one hand on the slider of the cradle by means of a transverse hinge pin and on the other hand on the cradle to means of at least one shoe mounted in a slide provided at the cradle, this slide being inclined relative to said longitudinal direction.

Pour plus de clarté, un exemple de réalisation d'une arme à feu connue et d'une arme à feu selon l'invention à précision de tir en rafale améliorée, sont décrits ci-après à titre illustratif et non restrictif, référence étant faite aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:

  • La figure 1 est une vue latérale schématique d'une arme à feu connue dont une partie est représentée en coupe verticale;
  • la figure 2 représente à échelle agrandie la partie indiquée par F2 à la figure 1;
  • la figure 3 est une vue semblable à celle de la figure 1, mais pour une arme à feu selon l'invention;
  • la figure 4 représente à échelle agrandie la partie indiquée par F4 à la figure 3;
  • la figure 5 est une coupe selon la ligne V-V dans la figure 2, à plus grande échelle;
  • les figures 6 et 7 sont des vues semblables à celle de la figure 4, mais pour deux positions différentes.
For the sake of clarity, an exemplary embodiment of a known firearm and a firearm according to the invention with improved burst accuracy, are described below for illustrative and not restrictive, reference being in the accompanying drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic side view of a known firearm, a portion of which is shown in vertical section;
  • Figure 2 shows on an enlarged scale the part indicated by F2 in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a view similar to that of Figure 1, but for a firearm according to the invention;
  • Figure 4 shows on an enlarged scale the part indicated by F4 in Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a section along line VV in Figure 2, on a larger scale;
  • Figures 6 and 7 are views similar to that of Figure 4, but for two different positions.

Dans la figure 1 est représenté une arme à feu 1 connue, plus particulièrement une mitrailleuse pouvant tirer en rafale.In Figure 1 is shown a known firearm 1, more particularly a machine gun firing burst.

Cette arme à feu 1 connue comprend un canon 2 et une carcasse 3 montée sur un berceau de support 4, le berceau comprenant une berce élastique 5 pourvue d'un coulisseau 6 pouvant coulisser dans le berceau de support 4 selon une direction essentiellement parallèle à l'axe de géométrie X-X' du canon 2 en position de repos.This known firearm 1 comprises a barrel 2 and a carcass 3 mounted on a support cradle 4, the cradle comprising an elastic hoop 5 provided with a slider 6 slidable in the support cradle 4 in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of geometry XX 'of the barrel 2 in the rest position.

Le coulisseau 6 est maintenu dans une position libre intermédiaire au moyen d'un ressort de rappel 7 de façon à permettre le mouvement du coulisseau, aussi bien vers l'avant que vers l'arrière.The slide 6 is held in an intermediate free position by means of a return spring 7 so as to allow the movement of the slide, both forwards and backwards.

Le berceau 4 comprend également un ou deux amortisseurs 8 pour amortir le mouvement du coulisseau 6 de la berce 5.The cradle 4 also comprises one or two dampers 8 for damping the movement of the slider 6 of the cradle 5.

La carcasse 3 est fixée d'une part d'une manière articulée entre deux oreilles parallèles écartées 9 du coulisseau 6 de la berce 5 au moyen d'un axe d'articulation transversal 10.The carcass 3 is fixed on the one hand in an articulated manner between two parallel spaced apart ears 9 of the slider 6 of the cradle 5 by means of a transverse hinge pin 10.

D'autre part, la carcasse 3 est supportée par le berceau 4 au moyen d'au moins un patin 11 monté dans une glissière 12 faisant partie du berceau et étant limitée par deux parois de guidage 13 parallèles à l'axe du canon X-X' en position de repos.On the other hand, the carcass 3 is supported by the cradle 4 by means of at least one shoe 11 mounted in a slide 12 forming part of the cradle and being limited by two guide walls 13 parallel to the axis of the barrel XX ' in the rest position.

D'une manière générale il y a deux patins 11 coulissant dans deux glissières à une distance de l'axe d'articulation 10 de la carcasse 4.In general there are two sliding shoes 11 sliding in two slides at a distance from the hinge axis 10 of the carcass 4.

Le fonctionnement de l'arme à feu 1 est bien connu.The operation of the firearm 1 is well known.

Lors du premier coup d'une rafale, le canon se situe dans sa position de repos, avec son axe orienté suivant l'axe X-X' .At the first shot of a burst, the gun is in its rest position, with its axis oriented along the X-X 'axis.

Le point d'impact du premier coup, appelé le point d'impact initial, est représenté d'une manière schématique par le point 14 sur la cible 15 de la figure 1.The point of impact of the first shot, called the initial point of impact, is shown schematically by point 14 on the target 15 of FIG.

Lors des coups suivants de la rafale, le canon 2 et la carcasse 3 reculent vers l'arrière sous l'action des gaz de propulsion de la munition tirée, tout en étant supportés par le coulisseau 6 et par les patins 11 qui permettent un mouvement dans la direction de l'axe du canon X-X' en position de repos.During the following shots of the burst, the barrel 2 and the carcass 3 retreat back under the action of the propulsion gases of the fired munition, while being supported. by the slider 6 and the pads 11 which allow movement in the direction of the axis of the barrel XX 'in the rest position.

Pendant le tir, le canon 2 et la carcasse 3 oscillent autour d'une position moyenne reculée M caractérisée par un déplacement A par rapport à leur position de repos, ce mouvement d'oscillation étant amorti ou non et stabilisé par l'action du ressort 7 ou des ressorts 7 de rappel et de l'amortisseur ou des amortisseurs 8.During the firing, the barrel 2 and the carcass 3 oscillate around a retracted middle position M characterized by a displacement A relative to their rest position, this oscillation movement being damped or not and stabilized by the action of the spring 7 or return springs 7 and shock absorber or dampers 8.

En même temps, le canon 2 et la carcasse 3 se redressent sous l'action des gaz de propulsion par la reprise des jeux au niveau des pièces mobiles de l'arme 1 et des pièces d'interfaces telles que les patins 11 dans les glissières 12.At the same time, the barrel 2 and the carcass 3 are straightened under the action of the propulsion gases by the resumption of the games at the moving parts of the weapon 1 and the interfaces parts such as the pads 11 in the slides 12.

Le canon 2 oscille en rotation autour d'une direction moyenne Y-Y' qui forme un angle B avec la direction X-X' de repos.The barrel 2 oscillates in rotation about a mean direction Y-Y 'which forms an angle B with the direction X-X' of rest.

Cette dynamique de tir en rafale explique que les impacts 16 des coups successifs au premier coup de la rafale, sont groupés dans une zone 17 dont le centre est appelé le point d'impact moyen 18 qui se situe à une distance C au-dessus du point d'impact initial 14.This burst fire dynamics explains that the impacts of the successive shots at the first shot of the burst, are grouped in an area 17 whose center is called the average impact point 18 which is at a distance C above the initial point of impact 14.

Par la reprise du jeu des éléments mobiles de l'arme 1, non seulement le canon 2 se relève, mais aussi, la bouche 2A du canon 2 est déporté latéralement, ce qui résulte dans un déplacement D du point d'impact moyen 18 par rapport au point d'impact initial 14.By the resumption of the game of the moving elements of the weapon 1, not only the barrel 2 is raised, but also, the mouth 2A of the barrel 2 is offset laterally, which results in a displacement D of the average point of impact 18 by report to initial point of impact 14.

L'écart entre le point d'impact moyen 18 et le point d'impact initial 14 se traduit par une précision de tir en rafale réduite.The difference between the average point of impact 18 and the initial point of impact 14 results in reduced burst accuracy.

Les figures 3 à 7 montrent une arme à feu 19 améliorée selon l'invention qui est semblable à l'arme à feu 1 de la figure 1 mais pour laquelle les patins 11 de la carcasse 3 sont montés dans des glissières 12 qui sont telles qu'un recul de la carcasse 3 se traduit par un pivotement de la carcasse 3 et du canon 2 autour de l'axe d'articulation 10 de la carcasse 3.Figures 3 to 7 show an improved firearm 19 according to the invention which is similar to the firearm 1 of Figure 1 but for which the pads 11 of the carcass 3 are mounted in slides 12 which are such that a retreat of the carcass 3 results in a pivoting of the carcass 3 and the barrel 2 around the hinge axis 10 of the carcass 3.

A cette fin, les glissières 12 sont inclinées par rapport à la direction X-X' de l'axe du canon 2 en position de repos, c'est-à-dire que les parois de guidage 13 des glissières 12 forment un angle E avec l'axe X-X' comme représenté dans la figure 4, de façon à ce que la direction de guidage Z-Z' des glissières 12 soit située dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe d'articulation 10 de la carcasse 3.To this end, the slides 12 are inclined relative to the direction XX 'of the axis of the barrel 2 in the rest position, that is to say that the guide walls 13 of the rails 12 form an angle E with the XX 'axis as shown in Figure 4, so that the guide direction ZZ' of the slides 12 is located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of articulation 10 of the carcass 3.

Selon une réalisation préférentielle, les oreilles 9 supportant l'axe d'articulation transversal 10, sont fixées sur une pièce de support non représentée, faisant partie du coulisseau 6 de la berce 5, cette pièce de support pouvant pivoter latéralement autour d'un pivot dont l'axe U-U' est perpendiculaire ou substantiellement perpendiculaire à l'axe d'articulation transversal 10 et à l'axe du canon X-X' comme représenté dans les figures 3 et 4.According to a preferred embodiment, the lugs 9 supporting the transverse hinge pin 10, are fixed on a support piece not shown, forming part of the slider 6 of the cradle 5, this support piece being pivotable laterally around a pivot whose axis UU 'is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the transverse hinge axis 10 and the axis of the barrel XX' as shown in Figures 3 and 4.

Dans l'exemple représenté, il y a deux patins 11 qui sont interconnectés par une barre 20 pour former une seule pièce intégrée 21 comme illustré dans la figure 5, cette pièce étant montée entre les parois de guidage 13 des glissières 12 et entre deux plans de guidage 22 verticaux qui sont inclinés sous un angle F par rapport à l'axe X-X' du canon 2 pour réaliser une glissière 23 supplémentaire servant de guide pour les patins 11 en direction latérale W-W'.In the example shown, there are two pads 11 which are interconnected by a bar 20 to form a single integrated part 21 as illustrated in Figure 5, this part being mounted between the guide walls 13 of the rails 12 and between two planes vertical guiding lines 22 which are inclined at an angle F with respect to the axis XX 'of the barrel 2 to produce an additional slide 23 serving as a guide for the pads 11 in the lateral direction W-W'.

L'effet de la glissière 23 est qu'un recul de la carcasse 3 donne lieu à un déport latéral de la bouche du canon 2 en faisant pivoter la carcasse 3 et le canon 2 autour de l'axe U-U' du pivot de la pièce de support de l'axe d'articulation 10.The effect of the slide 23 is that a retreat of the carcass 3 gives rise to a lateral offset of the mouth of the barrel 2 by pivoting the carcass 3 and the barrel 2 around the axis UU 'of the pivot of the workpiece support of the hinge axis 10.

Dans l'exemple de la figure 5 les faces latérales 23 des patins 11 sont en contact avec les plans de guidage 22 et ont une forme bombée.In the example of Figure 5 the side faces 23 of the pads 11 are in contact with the guide planes 22 and have a convex shape.

Le fonctionnement de l'arme à feu 19 selon l'invention diffère du fonctionnement de l'arme 1 connue par le fait que, le recul de la carcasse 3 et du canon 2 après le premier coup d'une rafale se traduit par une inclinaison du canon 2, par exemple vers le bas, et un déport latéral de la bouche 2A du canon 2, par exemple vers la droite, à cause de l'inclinaison des glissières 12 et 23 par rapport à l'axe du canon X-X' en position de repos.The operation of the firearm 19 according to the invention differs from the operation of the known weapon 1 by the fact that, the retreat of the carcass 3 and the barrel 2 after the first shot of a burst is translated by a slope the barrel 2, for example down, and a lateral offset of the mouth 2A of the barrel 2, for example to the right, because of the inclination of the slides 12 and 23 relative to the axis of the barrel XX 'in rest position.

L'inclinaison du canon 2 sous l'action des gaz de propulsion est illustrée dans les figures 4, 6 et 7.The inclination of the barrel 2 under the action of the propulsion gases is illustrated in FIGS. 4, 6 and 7.

La figure 4 correspond à la situation de repos, tandis que les figures 6 et 7 correspondent respectivement à la position des pièces mobiles après le premier coup et la position moyenne de ces pièces pendant le tir en rafale.Figure 4 corresponds to the rest situation, while Figures 6 and 7 respectively correspond to the position of the moving parts after the first shot and the average position of these parts during the shooting burst.

Les figures 6 et 7 montrent bien que le recul de la carcasse 3 fait monter les patins 11 dans les glissières 12, se qui provoque une inclinaison du canon 2 vers le bas.Figures 6 and 7 show that the decline of the carcass 3 raises the pads 11 in the slides 12, which causes a tilt of the barrel 2 downwards.

Les angles d'inclinaison E et F, respectivement des glissières 12 et 23, par rapport à l'axe X-X' sont choisis de façon à ce que le point d'impact moyen 18 soit ramené vers le point d'impact initial 14 en éliminant l'écart vertical C et l'écart latéral D, comme illustré par la figure 3.The angles of inclination E and F, respectively of the slides 12 and 23, relative to the axis XX 'are chosen so that the average point of impact 18 is brought back to the point of initial impact 14 by eliminating vertical distance C and lateral deviation D, as illustrated in FIG.

De cette manière la précision de tir en rafale est améliorée sensiblement puisqu'on obtient un meilleur groupement de tous les impacts de tir, y compris l'impact initial 14 du premier coup et les impacts 16 des coups successifs de la rafale.In this way, the burst accuracy is improved substantially since a better grouping of all the firing impacts is obtained, including the initial impact 14 of the first shot and the impacts 16 of the successive shots of the burst.

L'invention n'est pas limitée à des mitrailleuses, mais est aussi applicable à d'autres armes à feu automatiques ou semi-automatiques pouvant tirer des rafales.The invention is not limited to machine guns, but is also applicable to other automatic or semi-automatic firearms that can fire gusts.

Il est évident qu'au lieu d'utiliser des patins 11 intégrés en une seule pièce 21, on peut utiliser des patins séparément pour la correction de tir en rafale, par exemple en direction verticale et en direction latérale.It is obvious that instead of using integrally integral pads 11, sliders can be used separately for burst correction, for example vertically and laterally.

Il n'est pas exclu de prévoir une correction de tir uniquement dans la direction verticale ou uniquement dans la direction latérale selon le type d'arme à feu.It is not excluded to provide fire correction only in the vertical direction or only in the lateral direction depending on the type of firearm.

La correction ne doit pas nécessairement se situer dans le plan vertical ou horizontal.The correction does not have to be in the vertical or horizontal plane.

Il est évident aussi qu'en lieu et place des patins 11 on peut utiliser d'autres moyens de guidages, tels que chariots, billes, etc.It is also obvious that in place of the pads 11 can be used other guidance means, such as carts, balls, etc..

Optionellement on peut prévoir un système de réglage afin de pouvoir ajuster l'inclinaison des glissières 11 et 23 par rapport à l'axe X-X' du canon 2 afin de pouvoir corriger la précision de tir en rafale et de ramener le point d'impact moyen 18 vers le point d'impact 14.Optionally one can provide an adjustment system in order to adjust the inclination of the slides 11 and 23 relative to the axis XX 'of the barrel 2 in order to correct the burst accuracy and reduce the average point of impact 18 to the point of impact 14.

Il n'est pas exclu que l'arme à feu ne soit pas monté directement sur le berceau mais par l'intermédiaire d'une pièce de fixation.It is not excluded that the firearm is not mounted directly on the cradle but through a fastener.

Dans ce cas, le berceau et cette pièce de fixation forment ensemble un dispositif sur lequel on peut monter une arme à feu dans le but de pouvoir améliorer la précision de tir en rafale de cette arme à feu.In this case, the cradle and this fastener together form a device on which one can mount a firearm in order to improve the shooting accuracy of this firearm.

L'invention n'est nullement limitée à l'exemple décrit ci-avant, mais de nombreuses modifications peuvent être apportées à l'arme décrite ci-avant sans sortir du cadre de l'invention telle que définie dans les revendications suivantes.The invention is not limited to the example described above, but many modifications can be made to the weapon described above without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.

Claims (14)

Arme à feu à précision de tir en rafale améliorée, comprenant un canon (2) et une carcasse (3) montée sur un berceau de support (4), le berceau comprenant une berce (5) pourvue d'un coulisseau (6) pouvant coulisser selon une direction essentiellement parallèle à l'axe du canon (X-X'), la carcasse (3) étant montée d'une part sur le coulisseau (6) de la berce (5) au moyen d'un axe d'articulation transversal (10) et d'autre part sur le berceau (4) au moyen d'au moins un patin (11) monté dans une glissière (12-23) prévue au niveau du berceau (4), caractérisée en ce que cette glissière (12-23) est inclinée par rapport à la direction de l'axe du canon (X-X') en position de repos.Improved burst accuracy firearm, comprising a barrel (2) and a casing (3) mounted on a support cradle (4), the cradle comprising a cradle (5) provided with a slider (6) slide in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of the barrel (X-X '), the carcass (3) being mounted on the one hand on the slider (6) of the cradle (5) by means of an axis of transverse articulation (10) and secondly on the cradle (4) by means of at least one shoe (11) mounted in a slide (12-23) provided at the cradle (4), characterized in that this slide (12-23) is inclined relative to the direction of the barrel axis (X-X ') in the rest position. Arme à feu selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la glissière (12) est située à une distance de l'axe d'articulation (10) de la carcasse (3).Firearm according to claim 1, characterized in that the slide (12) is located at a distance from the hinge axis (10) of the carcass (3). Arme à feu selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la glissière (12) est telle qu'un recul de la carcasse (3) et du canon (2) sur le berceau (4) se traduit par un pivotement en inclinaison du canon (2) et de la carcasse (3) autour de son axe d'articulation (10).Firearm according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the slide (12) is such that a recoil of the carcass (3) and the barrel (2) on the cradle (4) results in a pivoting tilt the barrel (2) and the carcass (3) around its hinge axis (10). Arme à feu selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que la direction de guidage (Z-Z') de la glissière (12) est située dans un plan principalement perpendiculaire à l'axe d'articulation (10) de la carcasse (3).Firearm according to claim 3, characterized in that the guiding direction (Z-Z ') of the slide (12) lies in a plane mainly perpendicular to the hinge axis (10) of the carcass (3). ). Arme à feu selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que l'axe d'articulation transversal (10) est monté dans une pièce de support faisant partie du coulisseau (6) de la berce (5) et pouvant pivoter latéralement autour d'un pivot dont l'axe (U-U') est perpendiculaire ou substantiellement perpendiculaire à l'axe d'articulation transversal (10) et à l'axe du canon (X-X').Firearm according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transverse hinge pin (10) is mounted in a support piece forming part of the slider (6) of the cradle (5) and can pivot laterally around the hinge (5). a pivot whose axis (U-U ') is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the transverse hinge axis (10) and to the axis of the barrel (X-X'). Arme à feu selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que la glissière (23) est telle qu'un recul de la carcasse (3) et du canon (2) sur le berceau (4) se traduit par un pivotement latéral de la carcasse et du canon autour de l'axe (U-U') du pivot de la pièce de support de l'axe d'articulation (10).Firearm according to claim 5, characterized in that the slide (23) is such that a retreat of the carcass (3) and the barrel (2) on the cradle (4) results in a lateral pivoting of the carcass and the barrel about the axis (U-U ') of the pivot of the support piece of the hinge axis (10). Arme à feu selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que la direction de guidage (W-W') de la glissière (23) est située dans un plan principalement perpendiculaire au pivot susdit.Firearm according to claim 6, characterized in that the guide direction (W-W ') of the slide (23) is located in a plane mainly perpendicular to the aforementioned pivot. Arme à feu selon la revendication 5 , caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend au moins deux glissières (12-23), chacune reprenant un patin (11) supportant la carcasse (3), ces glissières (12-23) étant dimensionnées de telle sorte qu'un recul de la carcasse (3) et du canon (2) sur le berceau (4) se traduit par un pivotement en inclinaison du canon (2) autour de l'axe d'articulation (10) de la carcasse (3) et par un pivotement latéral autour de l'axe (U-U') du pivot de la pièce de support de l'axe d'articulation (10)..Firearm according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises at least two slides (12-23), each having a shoe (11) supporting the carcass (3), these slides (12-23) being dimensioned such that so that a retreat of the carcass (3) and the barrel (2) on the cradle (4) results in a pivoting inclination of the barrel (2) around the hinge axis (10) of the carcass ( 3) and by lateral pivoting about the axis (U-U ') of the pivot of the support piece of the hinge pin (10). Arme à feu selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que la direction de guidage (Z-Z') de la première glissière (12) est située dans un plan principalement perpendiculaire à l'axe d'articulation (10) de la carcasse (3), tandis que la direction de guidage (W-W') de la deuxième glissière (23) est située dans un plan principalement perpendiculaire au pivot susdit.Firearm according to claim 8, characterized in that the guide direction (Z-Z ') of the first slide (12) lies in a plane mainly perpendicular to the hinge axis (10) of the carcass ( 3), while the guide direction (W-W ') of the second slide (23) is located in a plane mainly perpendicular to the aforementioned pivot. Arme à feu selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que le patin (11) monté dans la première glissière (12) et le patin (11) monté dans la deuxième glissière (23) sont intégrés en une seule pièce (21).Firearm according to claim 8, characterized in that the shoe (11) mounted in the first slide (12) and the shoe (11) mounted in the second slide (23) are integrated in one piece (21). Arme à feu selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que les deux glissières (12 et 23) sont intégrés en une seule pièce (21)Firearm according to Claim 8, characterized in that the two slides (12 and 23) are integrated in one piece (21) Arme à feu selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le patin (11) comprend une face latérale (24) de forme bombée.Firearm according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pad (11) comprises a convex side face (24). Arme à feu selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend des moyens de réglage de l'angle d'inclinaison des glissières (11-23) par rapport à l'axe du canon (X-X') au repos.Firearm according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means for adjusting the angle of inclination of the slides (11-23) relative to the axis of the barrel (X-X ' ) resting. Dispositif d'amélioration de la précision de tir en rafale pour une arme à feu, le dispositif comprenant une pièce de fixation pour l'arme qui est montée sur un berceau de support (4) qui comprend une berce (5) pourvue d'un coulisseau (6) pouvant coulisser selon une direction longitudinale parallèle à l'axe du canon (X-X'), la pièce de fixation étant montée d'une part sur le coulisseau (6) de la berce (5) au moyen d'un axe d'articulation transversal (10) et d'autre part sur le berceau (4) au moyen d'au moins un patin (11) monté dans une glissière (12-23) prévue au niveau du berceau (4), cette glissière (12-23) étant inclinée par rapport à ladite direction longitudinale.A device for improving shooting accuracy for a firearm, the device comprising a weapon attachment piece which is mounted on a support cradle (4) which includes a cradle (5) provided with a slider (6) slidable in one direction longitudinal parallel to the axis of the barrel (X-X '), the fastener being mounted on the one hand on the slider (6) of the cradle (5) by means of a transverse hinge pin (10) and on the other hand on the cradle (4) by means of at least one shoe (11) mounted in a slide (12-23) provided at the cradle (4), this slide (12-23) being inclined by relative to said longitudinal direction.
EP05078043A 2005-01-27 2005-12-30 Firearm with improved accuracy in burst fire and device therefore Active EP1686346B1 (en)

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BE2005/0049A BE1016372A3 (en) 2005-01-27 2005-01-27 Firearm a burst shooting accuracy and enhanced device therefor.

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JP (1) JP4637024B2 (en)
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KR102050876B1 (en) * 2013-05-06 2019-12-03 한화디펜스 주식회사 Apparatus for supporting firearm, firearm assembly and method for reducing shock by gunshot
USD777282S1 (en) * 2015-10-22 2017-01-24 Fn Herstal Sa Machine gun
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AU2006200360B2 (en) 2011-11-03
SG124403A1 (en) 2006-08-30
IL172934A0 (en) 2006-06-11
NO337407B1 (en) 2016-04-11
AU2006200360B8 (en) 2011-12-01
KR20060086847A (en) 2006-08-01
CA2532523A1 (en) 2006-07-27
BE1016372A3 (en) 2006-09-05
DE602005011096D1 (en) 2009-01-02
ATE414884T1 (en) 2008-12-15
EP1686346B1 (en) 2008-11-19
KR101159362B1 (en) 2012-06-25
ES2315792T3 (en) 2009-04-01
CA2532523C (en) 2010-08-03
IL172934A (en) 2010-11-30
US20060260460A1 (en) 2006-11-23
JP4637024B2 (en) 2011-02-23
US7350452B2 (en) 2008-04-01
NO20060297L (en) 2006-07-28
AU2006200360A1 (en) 2006-08-10
JP2006208001A (en) 2006-08-10

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