EP1681938A1

EP1681938A1 - Fat-tight textile casing

Info

Publication number: EP1681938A1
Application number: EP04766006A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Erna Kastl
Original assignee: Kalle GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Kalle GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2003-10-29
Filing date: 2004-10-25
Publication date: 2006-07-26
Also published as: WO2005041674A1; DE10350650A1

Abstract

Disclosed is a textile casing comprising at least one longitudinal seam, a textile material, and at least one fat-tight film strip which is preferably made of plastic. Said film strip is connected in a planar manner to the interior face of the textile material so as to form a projecting end across the longitudinal seam and the edge of the textile material while being closed in a fat-tight manner in the area of the projecting end. Alternatively, a folded film strip is laid over the edge of the textile material and the area of the seam and is connected in a planar manner to the textile material. The inventive textile casing is used above all as an artificial sausage casing, especially for raw sausages having a high fat content.

Description

Fat-tight textile intestine

The invention relates to a textile casing with at least one longitudinal seam, a method for its production and its use as a food casing, especially as an artificial sausage casing.

Food casings made of textile material are already known. For example, they consist of a protein-coated fabric frame. First of all, a (seamless) textile hollow tube is made from cotton, plastic or silk threads, which is divided into certain lengths, which are then pulled onto a tube carrying compressed air. From there, the partial lengths are passed through a device in which a collagen protein mass is applied to the surface of the tube. The order quantity is measured so that the gaps in the fabric are closed. Excess protein mass is removed with a squeegee. The protein-coated tissue casing intestine is permeable to water vapor and is therefore suitable for the production of cut-resistant types of raw sausage (G. Effenberger, Wursthüllen - Kunstdarm, 2nd edition [1991], Holzmann Buchverlag, Bad Wörishofen, pp. 25 and 106 - 108).

Smokable acrylate-coated textile casings are also known (DE-A 31 47519

= US-A 4,525,418). The textile base material used therein can be a consolidated nonwoven, a spunbond or a woven fabric made from natural fibers and / or synthetic fibers. Fibers made from cotton, linen, wool, silk, cellulose ester, regenerated cellulose, polyester, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride are mentioned. The base material is coated with a

Acrylate emulsion polymer based on lipophilic esters of (meth) acrylic acid with lower alkanols, especially butyl acrylate. The coating is applied with the aid of conventional coating devices, such as air doctor blades, roller doctor blades, rubber blade doctor blades, etc. By choosing the appropriate coating, the acrylate-coated textile casing can be made permeable to water vapor and gas, so that it is also suitable for dry sausage.

A major disadvantage of the known textile casings is that they are in the

Area of the seam are not greaseproof. Textile casings are often used for spreadable, possibly cold-smoked raw sausages with a very high fat content used. Grease then escapes, especially in the area of the seam, which is unpleasantly noticeable when you touch the sausage. Due to the insufficient tightness, microorganisms (e.g. listeria) can also get onto the sausage meat and spoil it.

A conditionally smokable artificial sausage casing in the form of a natural casing is disclosed in DE-A 199 42 835. It is made from two appropriately shaped flat foils, which are placed on top of each other and glued, sewn or welded at the edges. The foils themselves are preferably made of low-pressure polyethylene. After welding, a support material can be pulled over the plastic material of the cover. The cover material is not connected to the support material. Textile materials are not described, not even for the support material.

It was therefore the task of improving the known textile casings so that they become fat-tight in the seam area and can therefore also be used for foods with a high fat content. In addition, this textile intestine should be as impenetrable as possible for microorganisms and - depending on the intended use - permeable or impermeable to water vapor, oxygen and / or smoke components. It should also have sufficient mechanical

Stability and can also be created in curved or irregular, natural gut-like shapes.

The object was achieved by a textile intestine with at least one longitudinal seam, which is characterized in that it comprises a textile material and at least one fat-tight film strip, this film strip covering the area of the seam and being connected flat to the textile material.

In one embodiment, each seam and the edge of the textile material is covered by a single, folded film strip. The film strip is with the

Textile material is connected to the textile material by gluing, laminating, laminating or in a similar manner.

In another embodiment, each seam and the edge of the textile material are covered on both sides with a film strip, the Film strips extend beyond the edge of the textile material and form a protrusion and are connected to one another in a fat-tight manner in the region of the protrusion. The longitudinal edges of the film strips can be firmly and grease-tightly connected in the area of the overhang by sealing, gluing, cold or hot welding or by other joining methods. As in the first embodiment, each of the film strips is connected flat to the textile material.

After filling, the film is on the inside of the textile casing, so that it does not affect the visual appearance of the sausage.

A textile intestine is thus made available, which is also effectively sealed where the textile material is connected with a sewn seam. Leakage of fat, water or other components of the food can thus be reliably prevented.

In a preferred embodiment, the textile intestine has two longitudinal seams. The two seams are covered by a film strip at the bottom and one at the top. The film strip expediently has a width of 0.5 to 6 cm, preferably 1 to 2 cm. Alternatively, the two seams are each wrapped in a folded film strip. The folded film strip, like the single strip, then has a width of 0.5 to 6 cm, preferably 1 to 2 cm.

As the basic material, the textile material comprises a woven, knitted or consolidated fabric

Fleece or spunbond made from natural fiber, synthetic fibers or mixtures thereof. Suitable natural fibers are, for example, cotton fibers, cellulose fibers (for example linen), wool or silk. Suitable synthetic fibers are, for example, polyamide, polyester, polyolefin (especially polypropylene), regenerated cellulose (= cellulose), polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylonitrile or

Polyvinyl chloride or made from the corresponding copolymers. Particularly preferred is a thin, longitudinally and transversely stretched fabric made of cotton, rayon or a mixture of cotton and polyester, cotton and rayon or rayon and polyester with one Basis weight of 8 to 300 g / m ² , preferably 20 to 150 g / m ² , particularly preferably 45 to 120 g / m ² .

The base material is preferably coated on one or both sides (also dip-coated = padded) or otherwise surface-treated. Acrylic resins and plastic blends, in particular emulsion polymers based on (C ₁ -C ₆ ) alkyl (meth) acrylates, in particular butyl (meth) acrylate, are particularly suitable for this. The term (meth) acrylate, as usual, stands for acrylate and / or methacrylate. Units from other monomers can be added, for example those made from styrene, α-methylstyrene or vinyl acetate.

The proportion of units from such other monomers should not exceed 25% by weight, preferably 15% by weight. Suitable acrylate resins are known to the person skilled in the art, in particular from DE-A 31 47519. Also suitable for coating the base material are polyvinyl acetates, silicone dispersions, mixtures of acrylates with polyvinyl acetates, mixtures of silicones with

Acrylates and polyvinyl acetates, as well as viscose, which is then subsequently regenerated to cellulose, and other coating liquids which contain cellulose in a derivatized or non-derivatized form, these being optionally mixed with acrylates. The base material can also be coated with collagen fibers, especially with bovine collagen fibers. The thickness of the

Coating is chosen so that the water vapor and oxygen permeability required for the maturation of the sausage is still present. Multiple layers can also be applied. Suitable methods and devices for coating are known in principle to the person skilled in the art. In order not to impair the desired "textile" appearance of the food casing, the coating should not fill all the spaces between the fibers. The material used for coating or impregnation can be colored by dyes and / or color pigments. Instead of or in addition, the coated can or impregnated textile flat material are still printed, preferably in a flexographic printing process.

During or after coating, the base material is expediently in

Stretched lengthways and crossways. The extent of the stretching depends, among other things, on the basis weight, the construction and the type of material. The area stretch ratio is generally 1 to 20% in longitudinal and Transverse direction, preferably 3 to 15%, each based on the raw material size. In the case of a light cotton or rayon fabric or a blend of cotton and polyester, cotton and rayon or rayon and polyester with a weight per unit area of 45 to 120 g / m ² , it is stretched to about 3 to 5% over the initial length or width, for example. If stretching is dispensed with, the textile material remains particularly elastic and is therefore particularly suitable for producing a textile casing for irregularly shaped products such as cooked cured goods, in particular cooked ham.

The film strip on the inside of the textile intestine according to the invention has one or more layers, preferably heat sealable or weldable. In particular, it is a plastic film made of a polyolefinic material, for example made of polyethylene or polypropylene (especially low-pressure polyethylene). In another embodiment, a PVDC film or a PVDC / PA composite can be used. Since the film does not have a strong mechanical

Exposed to stress, it can be relatively thin. A thickness of 5 to 200 μm, preferably 8 to 50 μm, particularly preferably 10 to 30 μm, has proven to be advantageous. If the casing according to the invention is to be smokable, then the film advantageously consists essentially of a swellable, polar polymer, for example a polyester amide. Also suitable for a smokable casing are films based on aliphatic polyamides, for example those which contain a mixture of aliphatic (co) polyamide and glycol- or polyglycol-modified aliphatic and / or partially aromatic (co-) polyamide. The term (co) polyamide stands for polyamide and / or copolyamide. By means of small bubbles or vacuoles in the film (without doing so

Causing holes in the film through which grease could escape), the permeability for smoke components can be increased even further. Films made from natural fibers, for example from collagen fibers, are also suitable. Finally, films made of - preferably edible - natural, high-molecular substances such as carrageenan, alginate, pullulan, starch,

Starch derivatives (e.g. starch acetate), protein (e.g. casein) or polylactide can be used.

The film strip is always intended for contact with food, especially with the sausage meat. It should therefore also have a suitable meat cling Ensure that the casing does not detach from the sausage meat when it is stored, but that it can be removed by the consumer without problems. The meat adhesion can be influenced, for example, by subjecting the surface of a plastic film to a corona treatment. It can also be achieved that the meat adherence to the areas covered with a film and the non-covered areas of the casing is approximately the same. In individual cases, it may also be expedient to apply one of the customary release and / or adhesive preparations to the film in order to adjust the meat cling to the correct level.

The aliphatic polyamide or copolyamide of the inner film is preferably poly (e-caprolactam), polyhexamethylene adipamide, a copolyamide made from hexamethylene diamine and dodecanedioic acid (= PA 6.12) or polyamide 6 / 6.6.

In a further embodiment, a film is applied to one side of the flat textile material, e.g. by laminating, gluing or laminating.

This film can also be printed, e.g. in a flexographic printing process. It is then expediently laminated in such a way that the printed image is on the underside and is visible through the - generally transparent - film. This has the advantage that the printed image cannot smear. This film, which is only optionally present, is located on the outside in the composite according to the invention. In order not to impair the textile impression too much, it should be relatively thin (about 15 to 150 μm, preferably about 20 to 60 μm). The film itself can consist of practically any material, for example of polyester, polyamide (PA), polyolefin and / or ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymers (EVOH) as well as conventional additives. It can be undrawn or stretched, one or more layers. The stretched films can also be shrinkable. Three-layer films have, for example, a PA structure (PE + adhesion promoter yPA or PA / EVOH / PA.

The textile intestine according to the invention can have irregular contours and thereby imitate the shape of a natural intestine, for example a so-called fat end.

The textile intestine according to the invention can expediently be produced by a process which comprises the following steps: a) Providing an optionally coated flat textile material. b) superimposing two webs of the optionally coated textile flat material, the later outer sides of the composite according to the invention lying on one another, or corresponding folding of the flat material in the longitudinal direction. The sheets can have straight, curved or irregularly shaped edges. In the latter two cases, the two webs are formed in mirror image to one another. c) connecting the longitudinal edges of the flat textile material by means of a seam, preferably a sewn one. The seam can be straight, curved or irregular (for example to imitate the shape of a natural intestine) and can also be a single circumferential seam. An overcast, chain stitch or double chain stitch or lockstitch seam is used. When sewing, the longitudinal edges are optionally trimmed so that a sewn-off edge of largely any shape can be produced from a straight edge produced by folding. d) providing at least one fat-tight film strip. e) Flat connection of the film strips with the top and bottom of the textile flat material connected by at least one seam. The connection takes place, for example, by gluing, laminating or laminating. The film protrudes laterally beyond the flat textile material. If appropriate or necessary, the web can also be cut from the film, for example to adapt its shape to that of the flat textile material. In another embodiment, a folded film strip is used instead of 2 film strips. Then the trimming and the fat-tight connection of the excess film are no longer necessary. f) joining the overlapping edges of the film together. Depending on the type of film, this can be done by heat sealing, gluing, welding or in some other way. Steps e) and f) can also be combined into a single step. g) cutting the composite material obtained in step e) or f) into sections, each section corresponding to a sausage length (preferably about 10 to 100 cm). Alternatively, cutting can also take place during filling. h) Turn the sections so that the seam protrudes inwards and the film is on the inside. The turning can also take place before cutting, ie before step f) or g). i) If necessary, closing one end of each section, for example by means of a metal clip, a twine tying or the like. This can be used to connect a yarn loop or another hanger for a sausage, j) if necessary gathering the composite material to form a shirred stick.

As an alternative to this, a cover can also be produced in which the textile

Flat material is only connected on one side with a longitudinal seam. The flat material is then folded accordingly in the longitudinal direction beforehand.

The following examples serve to explain the invention.

Example 1 :

A 68 / 68-30 / 30 (NE) fabric made of a mixture of cotton and polyester (55:45% by weight) with a weight of 120 g / m ² was coated several times with an acrylate dispersion using a doctor blade , After drying, the coating had a weight of approximately 65 g / m ² . Then the coated textile

Flat material fully printed on one side to give it an appearance that resembles that of a natural casing. Two sheets of the flat textile material cut to the appropriate width were placed one on top of the other with the printed sides facing each other. The edges were then sewn (with the seam about 2 to 3 mm from the edge). Then a 25 μm thick and 1.5 cm wide film strip made of low-pressure polyethylene was glued to the outside of the two textile webs in the seam area with a polyurethane adhesive and thereby firmly connected, so that the seam was completely covered with the film strip. The width of the film strip exceeded the width of the flat textile material by about 2 mm on each side.

These protruding film edges were then connected to one another in a greaseproof manner by gluing with a polyurethane adhesive. The cover was then turned inside out so that the stitched and the glued seam was facing inwards. Then one end of the sheath was closed with a metal clip. The Metal clip also held a loop of yarn to hang the sausage. The casing was filled with sausage meat, clipped off and smoked hot.

The finished sausage could be stored for 14 days without any problems, without microbial infestation or the sausage meat having changed in any way.

Example 2:

Example 1 was repeated with the only difference that now instead of 2 strips of film, a single strip of film was placed over the seam in the unfolded state and was firmly connected to the textile material by thermal lamination.

Claims

claims

1. Textile intestine with at least one longitudinal seam, characterized in that it comprises a textile material and at least one grease-proof film strip, the film strip covering the area of the seam and being connected flat to the textile material.

2. Textile casing according to claim 1, characterized in that each seam and the edge of the textile material is encased by a single, folded film strip.

3. Textile casing according to claim 1, characterized in that each seam and the edge of the textile material are covered on both sides with a film strip, the film strips extending beyond the edge of the textile material and forming a protrusion and are connected to one another in the region of the protrusion in a fat-tight manner ,

4. Textile casing according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the film strip is connected to the textile material by gluing, laminating or laminating.

5. Textile casing according to claim 3, characterized in that the longitudinal edges of the film strips are connected to one another in a fat-tight manner by sealing, gluing or welding.

6. Textile casing according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it has 2 longitudinal seams.

7. Textile intestine according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises a woven fabric, knitted fabric, consolidated nonwoven or spunbonded fabric made of natural fiber, synthetic fibers or mixtures thereof.

8. Textile casing according to claim 7, characterized in that the fabric consists of cotton, rayon or a mixture of cotton and polyester, cotton and rayon or rayon and polyester.

9. textile casing according to claim 8, characterized in that the fabric has a weight per unit area of 8 to 300 g / m ² , preferably 20 to 150 g / m ² , particularly preferably 45 to 120 g / m ² .

10. Textile casing according to claim 7, characterized in that the woven fabric, knitted fabric, consolidated fleece or spunbonded fabric is coated on one or both sides or is otherwise surface-treated.

11. Textile casing according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the film strip is one or more layers, preferably weldable or heat sealable.

12. Textile casing according to claim 11, characterized in that the film strip essentially of plastic, preferably of PVDC or PVDC / PA composite, polefin, particularly preferably of polyethylene or polypropylene, of natural fibers, preferably of collagen, of natural high molecular substances , preferably composed of carrageenan, alginate, chitosan, pullulan, starch, a starch derivative and / or protein.

13. Textile casing according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the film strip has a thickness of 5 to 200 microns, preferably from 8 to 50 microns, particularly preferably from 10 to 30 microns.

14. Textile intestine according to one or more of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that its edges are irregularly contoured and imitate the shape of a natural intestine.

15. Textile casing according to one or more of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that a further, preferably transparent film is connected to its outside.

16. Textile casing according to claim 15, characterized in that the film located on the outside is printed, preferably on the side facing the textile material.

17. A method for producing a textile intestine according to one or more of claims 1 to 16, comprising the steps of a) providing an optionally coated textile flat material; b) superimposing two webs of the optionally coated textile flat material, the later outer sides of the composite according to the invention lying on one another; c) connecting the longitudinal edges of the flat textile material by means of a seam, preferably a sewn seam; d) providing at least one fat-tight film strip; e) two-dimensional connection of two film strips to the top and the underside of the textile flat material connected by at least one seam in the seam area, the film strips projecting laterally beyond the textile flat material and f) grease-tight connection of the overlapping edges of the film strips to one another; or e ^' ) wrapping the edges of the flat textile material and the area of the seam with a folded film strip; g) if necessary, cutting into sections each corresponding to a length of sausage; h) turning the textile intestine so that the seam protrudes inwards and the film strip is on the inside; (i) optionally closing one end of each section; and j) if necessary gathering the textile intestine into a shirred stick.

18. Use of the textile casing according to one or more of claims 1 to 16 as an artificial sausage casing for raw, cooked or cooked sausages.