EP1673234B1 - Security document - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP1673234B1
EP1673234B1 EP04790133.5A EP04790133A EP1673234B1 EP 1673234 B1 EP1673234 B1 EP 1673234B1 EP 04790133 A EP04790133 A EP 04790133A EP 1673234 B1 EP1673234 B1 EP 1673234B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
value document
feature substance
substance
feature
value
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP04790133.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1673234A2 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Schwenk
Thomas Giering
Gerhard Stenzel
Kaule Wittich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH filed Critical Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
Priority to PL04790133T priority Critical patent/PL1673234T3/en
Publication of EP1673234A2 publication Critical patent/EP1673234A2/en
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Publication of EP1673234B1 publication Critical patent/EP1673234B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/378—Special inks
    • B42D25/382—Special inks absorbing or reflecting infrared light
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
    • B41M3/14—Security printing
    • B41M3/144—Security printing using fluorescent, luminescent or iridescent effects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
    • D21H21/44—Latent security elements, i.e. detectable or becoming apparent only by use of special verification or tampering devices or methods
    • D21H21/48—Elements suited for physical verification, e.g. by irradiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
    • B41M1/26—Printing on other surfaces than ordinary paper
    • B41M1/30—Printing on other surfaces than ordinary paper on organic plastics, horn or similar materials
    • B42D2035/16—

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a value document, in particular a banknote, having a value document substrate and at least two different feature substances for checking the value document.
  • the value document contains a machine authenticated low security feature formed of a single material. For a query, the low security feature returns a yes / no answer indicating the presence or absence of the queried property.
  • the low security feature is used for authenticity testing in applications where a simple detector is used, such as in retail outlets.
  • a high-security feature which can also be authenticated by machine, has difficult-to-prove properties and enables a more in-depth query of the value document as well as authentication at a much higher level. Examination of the high security feature is complex and takes place, for example, in central banks.
  • This high-security feature is a homogeneous mixture of two substances with different physical properties, such as the excitation wavelength for luminescence emission or coercivity, etc.
  • the invention has for its object to propose a generic document of value, which includes an increased security against counterfeiting.
  • value recognition is understood to mean the evaluation of encoded information for a specific user group.
  • the coded information can, for example, represent the denomination, the currency, the series, the issuing country or other features of the banknote in the case of a banknote.
  • the value document according to the invention has a first feature substance, which is introduced into the volume of the value document substrate and formed by a luminescent substance or a mixture of luminescent substances, and a second feature substance which is a luminescent substance and which is applied in the form of a code to the value document substrate.
  • a complex feature system is created that is difficult to adjust for a counterfeiter and that allows both an authenticity check and a value recognition by users from different user groups.
  • the coding extends over a predominant part of a surface of the value document, in particular over the substantially entire surface of the value document.
  • a further increased security against forgery of the document of value can be achieved, since gaps or inserted parts of other documents, including other genuine documents, make themselves felt as a disturbance of the coding.
  • the coding or a part of the coding may be provided with a certain offset from document to document in the case of similar documents, such as banknotes of the same denomination. If the documents are produced in endless format, this can be achieved, for example, by using a pressure roller whose circumference is a non-integer multiple of the document size. A series of successive documents can then contain a coding of the same content or the same form, wherein the individual documents are at the same time distinguishable from each other due to the different offset. In sheetfed printing, the same result can be achieved if, in accordance with the desired repetition rate, a plurality of printing plates with mutually offset codings or coding parts are used.
  • users of a user group can use a characteristic property of the first feature substance for checking the authenticity and the coding formed by the first feature substance for value recognition.
  • Users of another user group can use a characteristic property, that is to say in particular the luminescence, of the second feature substance for the authenticity check and use the coded application of the luminescent substance for value recognition.
  • Both user groups can so use the codings formed by the feature substances to be able to make value recognition on the document in addition to the authenticity check without much additional effort. The performance of the authentication and the recognition of value will be described in more detail below.
  • These user groups may be central banks, commercial banks, any trading companies, such as local transport companies, department stores or vending machine operators, etc.
  • the first feature substance is distributed substantially uniformly in the volume of the value document substrate, so that sufficiently large volume elements of the same size each contain substantially the same amount of the first feature substance.
  • the distribution of the feature substance can be regular, but preferably the feature substance is introduced into the substrate volume with a random distribution. If paper is used as the value-document substrate, then the first feature substance is preferably added to the paper pulp before sheet formation.
  • a third feature substance is applied to the value document substrate, preferably printed, which is different from the first and second feature substance.
  • the third feature substance can be used additionally or alternatively to the first feature substance for the authenticity check.
  • the third feature substance can also be a luminescent substance or a mixture of luminescent substances.
  • luminescent substances or mixtures are used which emit in the infrared spectral range and in particular have a complex, difficult to adjust spectral emission characteristic.
  • the emission characteristic may be used to generate an encoding by the shape of the emission and / or excitation spectra.
  • At least one of the feature substances is a luminescent substance based on a rare earth element-doped host lattice. It is also possible for more or all of the feature substances to be formed on the basis of a doped host lattice. These luminescent substances can be excited, for example, by irradiating directly into the absorption bands of the rare earth ions. In preferred variants, absorbent host lattices or so-called “sensitizers" can be used, which absorb the excitation radiation and transferred to the rare earth ion, which then emits the luminescence. It is understood that the host lattices and / or the dopants for the different marker substances can be different in order to obtain different excitation and / or emission regions.
  • This emission characteristic can be used in particular to distinguish the luminescent substances from similar luminescent substances. However, it can also be used to generate a coding by the form of the emission or / and excitation spectra of the luminescent substances.
  • This type of coding is not based on luminescent substances based on a rare earth element doped host lattice limited, but can be used for all inventively used luminescent feature substances, particularly preferably this applies to the first feature substance.
  • the host lattice in the visible spectral range and optionally, in particular in the case of the first or third feature substance additionally absorbs up to about 1.1 ⁇ m in the near infrared range.
  • infrared range is understood according to the invention the wavelength range from 750 nm and greater, preferably 800 nm and greater.
  • the excitation can then take place via light sources, such as halogen lamps, LEDs, lasers, flash lamps or xenon arc lamps, with high efficiency, so that only small quantities of the luminescent substance are required.
  • an application of the luminescent substance is possible with conventional printing methods.
  • a small amount of substance used makes it difficult to detect the substance used by potential counterfeiters. Absorbs the host lattice in the near infrared up to about 1.1 microns, so easily detectable emission lines of rare earth ions can be suppressed, so that only the more complex to be detected emission remains at longer wavelengths.
  • luminescent substances are used which absorb even in the visible spectral range, preferably over the largest part of the visible spectral range, particularly preferably into the near infrared range. Even then, emissions in these more easily accessible spectral ranges are suppressed.
  • the host lattice may, for example, have a perovskite structure or a garnet structure and be provided with a rare earth element emitting in the infrared spectral region, such as praseodymium, neodymium, dysprosium, Holmium, erbium, thulium or ytterbium, be doped. Further possible embodiments of the host lattice and of the dopant are described, for example, in US Pat EP-B-0 052 624 or the EP-B-0 053 124 whose disclosures are included in the present application in this respect.
  • the coding formed by the second feature substance represents a barcode.
  • barcode is understood to be any one- or two-dimensional pattern consisting of strips or areas with feature substance ("bars") and between the bars Strips or surfaces without feature substance ("gaps") exists.
  • the bar / space sequence represents a binary sequence of numbers, which can represent any, even encrypted, information about the value document.
  • the barcode can be invisible to the naked eye and can only be recognized or measured by its emission upon excitation with a suitable light source. Barcodes are particularly suitable for machine readout and deliver an almost error-free reading result, especially in connection with check digits.
  • standard formats such as the code 2/5, the code 2/5 interleaved, the code 128 or the code 39, as well as special formats used only for the value documents according to the invention come into question as barcodes.
  • two-dimensional barcodes that provide a particularly highly condensed record and increased redundancy, making them less sensitive to production tolerances, can be used.
  • the value document substrate is preferably a printed or unprinted cotton fiber paper or a coated, printed or unprinted one Plastic film.
  • the material of the substrate is not essential to the invention as long as only one feature substance can be introduced into its volume. It is understood that the value document can be provided in addition to the aforementioned substances with other feature substances or other printing layers.
  • the value documents according to the invention are preferably banknotes, shares, credit cards, ID or identity cards, passports of any kind, visas, vouchers, etc.
  • the application of the second feature substance to the value document substrate preferably takes place by means of a printing method.
  • a printing method for example, a gravure, screen printing, high-pressure, flexographic, inkjet, digital transfer or offset printing process can be used.
  • the printing inks used for this purpose may be transparent or contain additional color pigments which must not impair the detection of the feature substances.
  • the luminescent substances they preferably have transparent regions in the excitation region and in the considered emission region of the luminescent substances.
  • the second feature substance can preferably also be applied, in particular sprayed on, to the moist paper web during paper production in the form of the coding.
  • the second feature substance for example, at a time when the paper web is still wet, but already sufficiently solidified, passed in a suspension as a laminar jet with low jet pressure on the paper web surface. The low jet pressure prevents the fiber structure of the paper web from changing when the suspension is applied. The place of application is then on the finished paper for the naked eye to recognize neither in reflected light nor in transmitted light. Further possibilities and details of the application of the feature substance to a moist paper web are described in the document EP 1 253 241 A2 described, the disclosure of which is included in the present application in this respect.
  • a third feature substance can in principle be applied to the value document in any desired form and distribution. However, it is preferred to also print the third feature substance in the form of a code on the value document substrate.
  • Second and third feature substances can form codes of the same or different types.
  • the second feature substance may be applied in the form of a barcode and the third feature substance in the form of an alphanumeric character string.
  • the first and third feature substances may serve a user group as alternative ways of authentication or they may be used by two different user groups.
  • the second and third feature substance can be applied as a mixture or as separate substances to the value document substrate, in particular printed.
  • the third feature substance of a printing ink, in particular a visible ink, mixed and printed together with the ink on the value document substrate.
  • the authenticity of the document of value is checked and a value recognition of the document is carried out by checking at least one characteristic of the first feature substance or of the luminescent substance for checking the authenticity of the document of value and by the luminescent substance and / or the first feature substance formed coding is used to recognize the value of the value document.
  • the authenticity of the value document is determined by different user groups on the basis of different feature substances. That is, if the user belongs to the first user group, the authenticity of the document is determined on the basis of at least one characteristic property of the first feature substance. If the user belongs to a second user group, at least one characteristic property of the second feature substance is available for the authenticity check.
  • the value recognition is carried out by the user of a first user group preferably based on the coding represented by the first feature substance and by the user of a second user group on the basis of the coding formed by the luminescent substance.
  • the value document is provided with a third feature substance
  • a part of the users from the first user group can use the first feature substance for authentication, another part the third feature substance. Belongs the user of the second user group, at least one characteristic property of the luminescent substance is used to test the authenticity of the value document, and the coding formed by the luminescent substance is used to recognize the value of the value document.
  • the feature substances are luminescent substances, in both methods it is expedient to irradiate radiation from the excitation region of the respective luminescent substance, determine its emission at at least one wavelength from the emission region of the luminescent substances and test the authenticity and / or the value determination on the basis of the determined Emission carried out.
  • the luminescent substances are irradiated with visible and / or infrared radiation and the emission of the luminescent substances in the infrared spectral range is determined.
  • both user groups can perform value recognition on the document in addition to the authenticity check without much additional effort.
  • a further advantage is that the users of the first and second user groups use non-overlapping combinations of the feature substances or the coding formed by them for evaluation. Therefore, for example, an analysis of a device for authentication of the second user group no reference to the procedure in the authentication of the first user group are removed, since this detection device does not query any of the properties of the first or third feature substance.
  • Fig. 1 and 2 show a schematic representation of a banknote 10, which is equipped with various security features for testing by different user groups. It shows Fig. 1 the banknote 10 in supervision and Fig. 2 a cross section along the line II-II of Fig. 1 ,
  • a first feature substance 14 is evenly distributed in the volume of the paper substrate 12 of the banknote 10.
  • the first feature substance 14 is a mixture of different luminescent substances, which emit radiation after excitation with a complex and hard to follow spectral distribution.
  • the spectral distribution itself serves as a coding.
  • a second feature fabric 16 is printed in strip form on top of the banknote 10.
  • the width of the individual strips 18 and the width of the respective intermediate spaces 20 form a bar code in which the denomination and the currency of the banknote 10 are stored encrypted.
  • the bar code 18, 20 extends substantially over the entire surface of the banknote 10.
  • the second feature substance 16 is also a luminescent substance.
  • the second feature substance 16 is deliberately chosen such that its luminescence can easily be excited and detected by commercially available detectors.
  • the authenticity check and the value recognition is now carried out by two different user groups on the basis of non-overlapping combinations of the feature substances 14, 16 or their arrangement.
  • the banknote 10 of the embodiment is designed for a first user group with high security requirements and a second user group with comparatively low security requirements.
  • the second user group may be simple, cash-accepting machines in parking lots or vending machines.
  • inexpensive detection devices for authenticity testing and value recognition are particularly useful.
  • a user of the second user group checks the authenticity of a banknote 10 by illuminating the banknote with excitation light and detecting the luminescence signal of the second feature substance 16. If a corresponding luminescence signal is received, the banknote is evaluated by the user as genuine. Due to the choice of the luminescent substance, this detection can be carried out with commercially available, inexpensive detectors. If the banknote is recognized as genuine, its value can be found in coding 18, 20. The authenticity check and the value recognition can also be carried out in one step.
  • the first user group with its higher security requirements is the first feature substance 14 with its concrete but complex emission as a mark of authenticity.
  • the first group of users may, for example, include banks in which the authenticity of the banknotes is checked with high-quality and sophisticated detectors.
  • a banknote is irradiated with excitation light for examination and the correct spectral response of the first feature substance 14 is evaluated. If the bill is recognized as genuine, its value can readily be deduced from the spectral coding formed by the first feature substance by performing a more in-depth analysis of the emission spectrum, evaluating half widths and / or luminescence peak distances and / or decay times, etc.
  • the two user groups thus evaluate different combinations of the feature substances or their arrangement on the banknote 10. This has the additional advantage that an analysis of a comparatively easily accessible device for authenticating the second user group does not yet give any indication of the procedure and the basics of checking the authenticity of the first user group.
  • a third feature substance 22 in the form of a further coding 24 may be printed on the banknote 10.
  • the further coding can also be designed as a barcode or as an alphanumeric string, as in the Fig. 1 indicated.
  • the third feature substance is formed in the exemplary embodiment by a further luminescent substance 22, which is admixed with a visible printing ink 26 with which a printed image, for example the denomination of the note, is printed on the banknote substrate 12.
  • the third feature substance 22 is formed on the basis of a host crystal doped with a rare earth element which, upon excitation in the visible spectral range, exhibits luminescence in the infrared spectral range above approximately 1.5 ⁇ m and does not emit in the visible and in the near infrared.
  • the luminescence of the third feature substance 22 can not be detected with widespread detectors that are sensitive to about 1.1 ⁇ m.
  • the third feature substance 22 can therefore be used by the users of the first user group as an alternative or in addition to the first feature substance 14 for a high-quality authenticity check.
  • the first strip 18 of the coding is arranged with a certain distance 28 from the left edge 30 of the banknote 10. If this distance 28 is varied for different banknotes of the same series, for example by using different printing plates with different spacing 28, this results in additional protection against forgery, since gaps or inserted parts of other banknotes make themselves felt as a disturbance in the coding 18, 20. For example, it may be provided that only certain combinations of strip widths 18 and gap widths 20 form permissible codes. Too wide or too narrow strips, as they occur in manipulation attempts on the banknote can then be recognized as inadmissible in the examination of the banknotes and rejected the bill as not genuine.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Wertdokument, insbesondere eine Banknote, mit einem Wertdokumentsubstrat und zumindest zwei unterschiedlichen Merkmalsstoffen zur Prüfung des Wertdokuments.The invention relates to a value document, in particular a banknote, having a value document substrate and at least two different feature substances for checking the value document.

Aus der Druckschrift WO 97/39428 ist ein Wertdokument bekannt, dessen Substrat in einem Bereich maschinell authentisierbare Echtheitsmerkmale für unterschiedliche Sicherheitsstufen aufweist. Das Wertdokument enthält ein maschinell authentisierbares Niedrigsicherheitsmerkmal, das aus einem einzigen Material gebildet ist. Bei einer Abfrage liefert das Niedrigsicherheitsmerkmal eine Ja/Nein-Antwort, die die Anwesenheit oder Abwesenheit der abgefragten Eigenschaft anzeigt. Das Niedrigsicherheitsmerkmal wird zur Echtheitsprüfung in Anwendungsfällen benutzt, in denen ein einfacher Detektor eingesetzt wird, etwa in Einzelhandelsverkaufsstellen.From the publication WO 97/39428 a value document is known, the substrate of which has machine-authenticated authenticity features for different security levels in one area. The value document contains a machine authenticated low security feature formed of a single material. For a query, the low security feature returns a yes / no answer indicating the presence or absence of the queried property. The low security feature is used for authenticity testing in applications where a simple detector is used, such as in retail outlets.

Ein ebenfalls maschinell authentisierbares Hochsicherheitsmerkmal besitzt schwierig nachzuweisende Eigenschaften und ermöglicht eine tiefer gehende Abfrage des Wertdokuments sowie eine Authentisierung auf einem sehr viel höheren Niveau. Die Prüfung des Hochsicherheitsmerkmals ist aufwändig und erfolgt beispielsweise in Zentralbanken. Bei diesem Hochsicherheitsmerkmal handelt es sich um eine homogene Mischung zweier Stoffe mit unterschiedlichen physikalischen Eigenschaften, wie die Anregungswellenlänge für eine Lumineszenzemission oder Koerzitivität etc.A high-security feature, which can also be authenticated by machine, has difficult-to-prove properties and enables a more in-depth query of the value document as well as authentication at a much higher level. Examination of the high security feature is complex and takes place, for example, in central banks. This high-security feature is a homogeneous mixture of two substances with different physical properties, such as the excitation wavelength for luminescence emission or coercivity, etc.

Das aus der WO 97/39428 bekannte System besitzt jedoch den Nachteil, dass es zwar eine aufwändige Echtheitsprüfung der Wertdokumente ermöglicht, aber keine Aussage über die Art oder den Wert des jeweiligen Wertdokuments zulässt. Für eine maschinelle Bearbeitung von Wertdokumenten, insbesondere von Banknoten, ist es jedoch wünschenswert, auch die Art des Dokuments, wie z. B. die Währung, oder die Denomination einer bekannten Währung, maschinell zu erfassen.That from the WO 97/39428 However, known system has the disadvantage that, although it allows a complex authenticity check of the value documents, but does not allow a statement about the nature or value of the respective value document. For a machine processing of documents of value, in particular banknotes, it is desirable, however, also the nature of the Document, such as For example, you can enter the currency or the denomination of a known currency by machine.

Aus der US 6,155,605 ist ein System bekannt, das eine Echtheits- und Werterkennung ermöglicht.From the US 6,155,605 For example, a system is known which allows authenticity and value recognition.

Davon ausgehend liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein gattungsgemäßes Wertdokument vorzuschlagen, das eine erhöhte Fälschungssicherheit beinhaltet.On this basis, the invention has for its object to propose a generic document of value, which includes an increased security against counterfeiting.

Unter Werterkennung wird dabei im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung die Auswertung einer codiert vorliegenden Information für einen bestimmten Nutzerkreis verstanden. Die codierte Information kann beispielsweise bei einer Banknote die Denomination, die Währung, die Serie, das Ausgabeland oder andere Ausstattungsmerkmale der Banknote darstellen.In the context of the present invention, value recognition is understood to mean the evaluation of encoded information for a specific user group. The coded information can, for example, represent the denomination, the currency, the series, the issuing country or other features of the banknote in the case of a banknote.

Die gestellte Aufgabe wird durch das Wertdokument mit den Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs gelöst. Ein Herstellungsverfahren für solche Wertdokumente sowie zwei Verfahren zur Prüfung oder Bearbeitung derartiger Wertdokumente sind Gegenstand der nebengeordneten Ansprüche. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.The object is achieved by the value document with the features of the main claim. A production method for such value documents and two methods for checking or processing such value documents are the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Das erfindungsgemäße Wertdokument weist einen ersten Merkmalsstoff auf, der in das Volumen des Wertdokumentsubstrats eingebracht und durch einen Lumineszenzstoff oder eine Mischung aus Lumineszenzstoffen gebildet ist, und einen zweiten Merkmalsstoff, der ein Lumineszenzstoff ist und der in Form einer Codierung auf das Wertdokumentsubstrat aufgebracht ist. Dadurch wird, wie nachfolgend im Detail erläutert, ein komplexes Merkmalssystem geschaffen, das für einen Fälscher nur schwer nachstellbar ist und das sowohl eine Echtheitsprüfung als auch eine Werterkennung durch Nutzer aus unterschiedlichen Nutzerkreisen erlaubt. Dabei erstreckt sich die Codierung über einen überwiegenden Teil einer Oberfläche des Wertdokuments, insbesondere über die im Wesentlichen gesamte Oberfläche des Wertdokuments. Dadurch kann eine weiter erhöhte Fälschungssicherheit des Wertdokuments erzielt werden, da sich Lücken oder eingefügte Teile anderer, auch anderer echter Dokumente als Störung der Codierung bemerkbar machen.The value document according to the invention has a first feature substance, which is introduced into the volume of the value document substrate and formed by a luminescent substance or a mixture of luminescent substances, and a second feature substance which is a luminescent substance and which is applied in the form of a code to the value document substrate. As a result, as explained in detail below, a complex feature system is created that is difficult to adjust for a counterfeiter and that allows both an authenticity check and a value recognition by users from different user groups. In this case, the coding extends over a predominant part of a surface of the value document, in particular over the substantially entire surface of the value document. As a result, a further increased security against forgery of the document of value can be achieved, since gaps or inserted parts of other documents, including other genuine documents, make themselves felt as a disturbance of the coding.

Beispielsweise kann die Codierung oder ein Teil der Codierung bei gleichartigen Dokumenten, wie sie etwa Banknoten derselben Denomination darstellen, von Dokument zu Dokument mit einem gewissen Versatz versehen sein. Werden die Dokumente im Endlosformat hergestellt, kann dies etwa durch Verwendung einer Druckwalze erreicht werden, deren Umfang ein nicht ganzzahliges Vielfaches der Dokumentgröße beträgt. Eine Reihe aufeinander folgender Dokumente kann dann eine Codierung gleichen Inhalts oder gleicher Form enthalten, wobei die einzelnen Dokumente zugleich aufgrund des unterschiedlichen Versatzes voneinander unterscheidbar sind. Im Bogendruck lässt sich das gleiche Ergebnis erzielen, wenn entsprechend der gewünschten Wiederholrate mehrere Druckplatten mit zueinander versetzten Codierungen oder Codierungsteilen verwendet werden.For example, the coding or a part of the coding may be provided with a certain offset from document to document in the case of similar documents, such as banknotes of the same denomination. If the documents are produced in endless format, this can be achieved, for example, by using a pressure roller whose circumference is a non-integer multiple of the document size. A series of successive documents can then contain a coding of the same content or the same form, wherein the individual documents are at the same time distinguishable from each other due to the different offset. In sheetfed printing, the same result can be achieved if, in accordance with the desired repetition rate, a plurality of printing plates with mutually offset codings or coding parts are used.

So können beispielsweise Nutzer eines Nutzerkreises eine charakteristische Eigenschaft des ersten Merkmalsstoffs zur Echtheitsprüfung und die durch den ersten Merkmalsstoff gebildete Codierung zur Werterkennung heranziehen. Nutzer eines anderen Nutzerkreises können eine charakteristische Eigenschaft, also insbesondere die Lumineszenz, des zweiten Merkmalsstoffs für die Echtheitsprüfung verwenden und die codierte Aufbringung des Lumineszenzstoffes zur Werterkennung einsetzen. Beide Nutzerkreise können so die durch die Merkmalsstoffe gebildeten Codierungen nutzen, um neben der Echtheitsprüfung ohne großen Zusatzaufwand auch eine Werterkennung an dem Dokument vornehmen zu können. Die Durchführung der Echtheitsprüfung und der Werterkennung wird weiter unten ausführlicher beschrieben.Thus, for example, users of a user group can use a characteristic property of the first feature substance for checking the authenticity and the coding formed by the first feature substance for value recognition. Users of another user group can use a characteristic property, that is to say in particular the luminescence, of the second feature substance for the authenticity check and use the coded application of the luminescent substance for value recognition. Both user groups can so use the codings formed by the feature substances to be able to make value recognition on the document in addition to the authenticity check without much additional effort. The performance of the authentication and the recognition of value will be described in more detail below.

Bei diesen Nutzerkreisen kann es sich um Zentralbanken, Geschäftsbanken, beliebige Handelsunternehmen, wie Nahverkehrsbetriebe, Warenhäuser oder Verkaufsautomatenbetreiber etc., handeln.These user groups may be central banks, commercial banks, any trading companies, such as local transport companies, department stores or vending machine operators, etc.

Die Analyse des Merkmalsystems ist für Dritte sehr schwierig und aufwändig, da nicht ohne weiteres erkennbar ist, welche Stoffe und insbesondere welche Stoffeigenschaften für die Echtheitsprüfung der unterschiedlichen Nutzergruppen verwendet werden. Selbst die Kenntnis einer der Vorgehensweisen zur Echtheitsprüfung offenbart noch nicht die Stoffe und Methoden, die bei der oder den anderen Nutzergruppe/n für die Echtheitsprüfung eingesetzt werden.The analysis of the feature system is very difficult and time-consuming for third parties, since it is not readily apparent which substances and in particular which material properties are used for checking the authenticity of the different user groups. Even knowing one of the authentication procedures does not yet reveal the substances and methods used by the other user group (s) for the authenticity check.

Des Weiteren ist der erste Merkmalsstoff im Volumen des Wertdokumentsubstrats im Wesentlichen gleichmäßig verteilt, so dass hinreichend große Volumenelemente gleicher Größe jeweils im Wesentlichen dieselbe Menge des ersten Merkmalsstoffs enthalten. Die Verteilung des Merkmalsstoffs kann dabei regelmäßig sein, bevorzugt ist der Merkmalsstoff jedoch mit einer Zufallsverteilung in das Substratvolumen eingebracht. Wird als Wertdokumentensubstrat Papier verwendet, so wird der erste Merkmalsstoff vorzugsweise der Papiermasse vor der Blattbildung zugesetzt.Furthermore, the first feature substance is distributed substantially uniformly in the volume of the value document substrate, so that sufficiently large volume elements of the same size each contain substantially the same amount of the first feature substance. The distribution of the feature substance can be regular, but preferably the feature substance is introduced into the substrate volume with a random distribution. If paper is used as the value-document substrate, then the first feature substance is preferably added to the paper pulp before sheet formation.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterentwicklung der Erfindung ist ein dritter Merkmalsstoff auf das Wertdokumentsubstrat aufgebracht, vorzugsweise aufgedruckt, welcher von dem ersten und zweiten Merkmalsstoff verschieden ist. Der dritte Merkmalsstoff kann zusätzlich oder alternativ zu dem ersten Merkmalsstoff zur Echtheitsprüfung herangezogen werden.According to an advantageous development of the invention, a third feature substance is applied to the value document substrate, preferably printed, which is different from the first and second feature substance. The third feature substance can be used additionally or alternatively to the first feature substance for the authenticity check.

Neben dem ersten und zweiten Merkmalsstoff kann auch der dritte Merkmalsstoff ein Lumineszenzstoff oder eine Mischung aus Lumineszenzstoffen sein. Für den ersten Merkmalsstoff werden vorzugsweise Lumineszenzstoffe oder Mischungen verwendet, die im infraroten Spektralbereich emittieren und die insbesondere eine komplexe, schwer nachstellbare spektrale Emissionscharakteristik aufweisen. Die Emissionscharakteristik kann verwendet werden, um durch die Form der Emissions- und/oder Anregungsspektren eine Codierung zu erzeugen.In addition to the first and second feature substance, the third feature substance can also be a luminescent substance or a mixture of luminescent substances. For the first feature substance preferably luminescent substances or mixtures are used which emit in the infrared spectral range and in particular have a complex, difficult to adjust spectral emission characteristic. The emission characteristic may be used to generate an encoding by the shape of the emission and / or excitation spectra.

Wenigstens einer der Merkmalsstoffe ist ein Lumineszenzstoff auf Basis eines mit Seltenerdelementen dotierten Wirtsgitters. Es können auch mehrere oder alle der Merkmalsstoffe auf Basis eines dotierten Wirtsgitters gebildet sein. Diese Lumineszenzstoffe können z.B. dadurch angeregt werden, dass direkt in die Absorptionsbanden der Seltenerdionen eingestrahlt wird. In bevorzugten Varianten können auch absorbierende Wirtsgitter oder so genannte "Sensitizer" eingesetzt werden, die die Anregungsstrahlung absorbieren und auf das Seltenerdion übertragen, das dann die Lumineszenz emittiert. Es versteht sich, dass die Wirtsgitter und/oder die Dotierstoffe für die unterschiedlichen Markierungsstoffe verschieden sein können, um unterschiedliche Anregungs- und/oder Emissionsbereiche zu erhalten. Diese Emissionscharakteristik kann insbesondere dafür verwendet werden, um die Lumineszenzstoffe von ähnlichen Lumineszenzstoffen zu unterscheiden. Sie kann aber auch dafür verwendet werden, um durch die Form der Emissions- oder/und Anregungsspektren der Lumineszenzstoffe eine Codierung zu erzeugen. Diese Art der Codierung ist nicht auf Lumineszenzstoffe auf Basis eines mit Seltenerdelementen dotierten Wirtsgitters beschränkt, sondern ist für alle erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten lumineszierenden Merkmalsstoffe einsetzbar, besonders bevorzugt gilt dies für den ersten Merkmalsstoff.At least one of the feature substances is a luminescent substance based on a rare earth element-doped host lattice. It is also possible for more or all of the feature substances to be formed on the basis of a doped host lattice. These luminescent substances can be excited, for example, by irradiating directly into the absorption bands of the rare earth ions. In preferred variants, absorbent host lattices or so-called "sensitizers" can be used, which absorb the excitation radiation and transferred to the rare earth ion, which then emits the luminescence. It is understood that the host lattices and / or the dopants for the different marker substances can be different in order to obtain different excitation and / or emission regions. This emission characteristic can be used in particular to distinguish the luminescent substances from similar luminescent substances. However, it can also be used to generate a coding by the form of the emission or / and excitation spectra of the luminescent substances. This type of coding is not based on luminescent substances based on a rare earth element doped host lattice limited, but can be used for all inventively used luminescent feature substances, particularly preferably this applies to the first feature substance.

In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung absorbiert das Wirtsgitter im sichtbaren Spektralbereich und gegebenenfalls, insbesondere im Fall des ersten oder dritten Merkmalsstoffs, zusätzlich im nahen Infrarotbereich bis zu etwa 1,1 µm. Unter "Infrarotbereich" wird erfindungsgemäß der Wellenlängenbereich ab 750 nm und größer, vorzugsweise 800 nm und größer verstanden. Die Anregung kann dann über Lichtquellen, wie Halogenlampen, LEDs, Laser, Blitzlampen oder Xenonbogenlampen, mit hoher Effektivität erfolgen, so dass nur geringe Stoffmengen des Lumineszenzstoffs erforderlich sind. Dadurch ist eine Aufbringung des Lumineszenzstoffs mit üblichen Druckverfahren möglich. Darüber hinaus erschwert eine geringe eingesetzte Stoffmenge den Nachweis der eingesetzten Substanz für potentielle Fälscher. Absorbiert das Wirtsgitter auch im nahen Infrarot bis zu etwa 1,1 µm, so können leicht nachweisbare Emissionslinien der Seltenerdionen unterdrückt werden, so dass nur die aufwändiger zu detektierende Emission bei größeren Wellenlängen verbleibt.In a preferred embodiment, the host lattice in the visible spectral range and optionally, in particular in the case of the first or third feature substance, additionally absorbs up to about 1.1 μm in the near infrared range. By "infrared range" is understood according to the invention the wavelength range from 750 nm and greater, preferably 800 nm and greater. The excitation can then take place via light sources, such as halogen lamps, LEDs, lasers, flash lamps or xenon arc lamps, with high efficiency, so that only small quantities of the luminescent substance are required. As a result, an application of the luminescent substance is possible with conventional printing methods. In addition, a small amount of substance used makes it difficult to detect the substance used by potential counterfeiters. Absorbs the host lattice in the near infrared up to about 1.1 microns, so easily detectable emission lines of rare earth ions can be suppressed, so that only the more complex to be detected emission remains at longer wavelengths.

In einer alternativen bevorzugten Ausgestaltung werden Lumineszenzstoffe verwendet, die selbst im sichtbaren Spektralbereich, bevorzugt über den größten Teil des sichtbaren Spektralbereichs, besonders bevorzugt bis in den nahen Infrarotbereich hinein absorbieren. Auch dann werden Emissionen in diesen leichter zugänglichen Spektralbereichen unterdrückt.In an alternative preferred embodiment, luminescent substances are used which absorb even in the visible spectral range, preferably over the largest part of the visible spectral range, particularly preferably into the near infrared range. Even then, emissions in these more easily accessible spectral ranges are suppressed.

Das Wirtsgitter kann beispielsweise eine Perovskitstruktur oder eine Granatstruktur aufweisen und mit einem im infraroten Spektralbereich emittierenden Seltenerdelement, wie etwa Praseodym, Neodym, Dysprosium, Holmium, Erbium, Thulium oder Ytterbium, dotiert sein. Weitere mögliche Ausgestaltungen des Wirtsgitters und des Dotierstoffes sind beispielsweise in der EP-B-0 052 624 oder der EP-B-0 053 124 aufgeführt, deren Offenbarungen insoweit in die vorliegende Anmeldung aufgenommen werden.The host lattice may, for example, have a perovskite structure or a garnet structure and be provided with a rare earth element emitting in the infrared spectral region, such as praseodymium, neodymium, dysprosium, Holmium, erbium, thulium or ytterbium, be doped. Further possible embodiments of the host lattice and of the dopant are described, for example, in US Pat EP-B-0 052 624 or the EP-B-0 053 124 whose disclosures are included in the present application in this respect.

Die durch den zweiten Merkmalsstoff gebildete Codierung stellt nach einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung einen Barcode dar. Als Barcode wird im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung jedes ein- oder zweidimensionale Muster verstanden, dass aus Streifen bzw. Flächen mit Merkmalsstoff ("Balken") und zwischen den Balken liegende Streifen bzw. Flächen ohne Merkmalsstoff ("Lücken") besteht. In der Regel repräsentiert die Balken/Lückenabfolge eine binäre Zahlenfolge, die eine beliebige, auch verschlüsselte Information über das Wertdokument darstellen kann.According to a preferred embodiment, the coding formed by the second feature substance represents a barcode. Within the scope of the present invention, barcode is understood to be any one- or two-dimensional pattern consisting of strips or areas with feature substance ("bars") and between the bars Strips or surfaces without feature substance ("gaps") exists. As a rule, the bar / space sequence represents a binary sequence of numbers, which can represent any, even encrypted, information about the value document.

Der Barcode kann insbesondere für das bloße Auge unsichtbar sein und nur nach Anregung mit einer geeigneten Lichtquelle durch seine Emission erkennbar oder messbar werden. Barcodes eignen sich besonders für ein maschinelles Auslesen und liefern, insbesondere in Verbindung mit Prüfziffern, ein fast fehlerfreies Leseergebnis. Als Barcodes kommen beispielsweise gängige Formate, wie der Code 2/5, der Code 2/5 Interleaved, der Code 128 oder der Code 39, aber auch spezielle, nur für die erfindungsgemäßen Wertdokumente eingesetzte Formate infrage. Auch zweidimensionale Barcodes, die eine besonders stark kondensierte Aufzeichnung und eine erhöhte Redundanz, was diese unempfindlicher gegen Produktionstoleranzen macht, bieten, können verwendet werden.In particular, the barcode can be invisible to the naked eye and can only be recognized or measured by its emission upon excitation with a suitable light source. Barcodes are particularly suitable for machine readout and deliver an almost error-free reading result, especially in connection with check digits. For example, standard formats such as the code 2/5, the code 2/5 interleaved, the code 128 or the code 39, as well as special formats used only for the value documents according to the invention come into question as barcodes. Also, two-dimensional barcodes that provide a particularly highly condensed record and increased redundancy, making them less sensitive to production tolerances, can be used.

Das Wertdokumentsubstrat ist vorzugsweise ein bedrucktes oder unbedrucktes Baumwollfaserpapier oder eine beschichtete, bedruckte oder unbedruckte Kunststofffolie. Das Material des Substrats ist dabei für die Erfindung nicht wesentlich, solange nur ein Merkmalsstoff in sein Volumen eingebracht werden kann. Es versteht sich, dass das Wertdokument neben den angesprochenen Stoffen mit weiteren Merkmalsstoffen oder weiteren Druckschichten versehen sein kann.The value document substrate is preferably a printed or unprinted cotton fiber paper or a coated, printed or unprinted one Plastic film. The material of the substrate is not essential to the invention as long as only one feature substance can be introduced into its volume. It is understood that the value document can be provided in addition to the aforementioned substances with other feature substances or other printing layers.

Bei den erfindungsgemäßen Wertdokumenten handelt es sich vorzugsweise um Banknoten, Aktien, Kreditkarten, Ausweis- oder Identitätskarten, Pässe jeglicher Art, Visa, Wertgutscheine etc.The value documents according to the invention are preferably banknotes, shares, credit cards, ID or identity cards, passports of any kind, visas, vouchers, etc.

Die Aufbringung des zweiten Merkmalsstoffs auf das Wertdokumentsubstrat erfolgt bevorzugt mit einem Druckverfahren. Dabei kann beispielsweise ein Tiefdruck-, Siebdruck-, Hochdruck-, Flexodruck-, Tintenstrahl-, Digital-Transfer- oder Offsetdruckverfahren zum Einsatz kommen. Die hierfür verwendeten Druckfarben können transparent sein oder zusätzliche Farbpigmente enthalten, die den Nachweis der Merkmalsstoffe nicht beeinträchtigen dürfen. Im Falle der Lumineszenzstoffe weisen sie bevorzugt im Anregungs- und im betrachteten Emissionsbereich der Lumineszenzstoffe transparente Bereiche auf.The application of the second feature substance to the value document substrate preferably takes place by means of a printing method. In this case, for example, a gravure, screen printing, high-pressure, flexographic, inkjet, digital transfer or offset printing process can be used. The printing inks used for this purpose may be transparent or contain additional color pigments which must not impair the detection of the feature substances. In the case of the luminescent substances, they preferably have transparent regions in the excitation region and in the considered emission region of the luminescent substances.

Bei Gestaltungen, bei denen das Wertdokument ein Papiersubstrat aufweist, kann der zweite Merkmalsstoff bevorzugt auch bereits während der Papierherstellung in Form der Codierung auf die feuchte Papierbahn aufgebracht, insbesondere aufgesprüht werden. Dazu wird der zweite Merkmalsstoff beispielsweise zu einem Zeitpunkt, zu dem die Papierbahn noch feucht, aber bereits genügend verfestigt ist, in einer Suspension als laminarer Strahl mit geringem Strahldruck auf die Papierbahnoberfläche geleitet. Durch den geringen Strahldruck wird verhindert, dass sich die Faserstruktur des Papiervlieses beim Auftragen der Suspension verändert. Der Ort der Auftragung ist dann am fertigen Papier für das bloße Auge weder im Auflicht noch im Durchlicht zu erkennen. Weitere Möglichkeiten und Details der Aufbringung des Merkmalsstoffs auf eine feuchte Papierbahn sind in der Druckschrift EP 1 253 241 A2 beschrieben, deren Offenbarung insoweit in die vorliegende Anmeldung einbezogen wird.In designs in which the document of value has a paper substrate, the second feature substance can preferably also be applied, in particular sprayed on, to the moist paper web during paper production in the form of the coding. For this purpose, the second feature substance, for example, at a time when the paper web is still wet, but already sufficiently solidified, passed in a suspension as a laminar jet with low jet pressure on the paper web surface. The low jet pressure prevents the fiber structure of the paper web from changing when the suspension is applied. The place of application is then on the finished paper for the naked eye to recognize neither in reflected light nor in transmitted light. Further possibilities and details of the application of the feature substance to a moist paper web are described in the document EP 1 253 241 A2 described, the disclosure of which is included in the present application in this respect.

Ist ein dritter Merkmalsstoff vorgesehen, so kann dieser grundsätzlich in beliebiger Form und Verteilung auf das Wertdokument aufgebracht sein. Bevorzugt ist allerdings, den dritten Merkmalsstoff ebenfalls in Form einer Codierung auf das Wertdokumentsubstrat aufzudrucken. Zweiter und dritter Merkmalsstoff können Codierungen derselben oder unterschiedlicher Art bilden. Beispielsweise kann der zweite Merkmalsstoff in Form eines Barcodes und der dritte Merkmalsstoff in Form einer alphanumerischen Zeichenfolge aufgebracht sein. Der erste und dritte Merkmalsstoff können einer Nutzergruppe als alternative Möglichkeiten der Echtheitsprüfung dienen oder sie können von zwei unterschiedlichen Nutzergruppen verwendet werden.If a third feature substance is provided, it can in principle be applied to the value document in any desired form and distribution. However, it is preferred to also print the third feature substance in the form of a code on the value document substrate. Second and third feature substances can form codes of the same or different types. For example, the second feature substance may be applied in the form of a barcode and the third feature substance in the form of an alphanumeric character string. The first and third feature substances may serve a user group as alternative ways of authentication or they may be used by two different user groups.

Bei der Herstellung des Wertdokuments können der zweite und dritte Merkmalsstoff als Mischung oder als getrennte Stoffe auf das Wertdokumentsubstrat aufgebracht, insbesondere aufgedruckt werden. In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Herstellungsverfahrens wird der dritte Merkmalsstoff einer Druckfarbe, insbesondere einer sichtbaren Druckfarbe, beigemischt und zusammen mit der Druckfarbe auf das Wertdokumentsubstrat aufgedruckt.In the production of the value document, the second and third feature substance can be applied as a mixture or as separate substances to the value document substrate, in particular printed. In an advantageous embodiment of the manufacturing method, the third feature substance of a printing ink, in particular a visible ink, mixed and printed together with the ink on the value document substrate.

Es versteht sich, dass weitere Merkmalsstoffe, etwa zur weiteren Erhöhung der Fälschungssicherheit oder zur Einbindung weiterer Nutzergruppen, aufgebracht oder in das Substrat eingebracht werden können.It is understood that further feature substances, for example to further increase the security against counterfeiting or to involve other user groups, can be applied or introduced into the substrate.

Bei einem Verfahren zur Prüfung oder Bearbeitung eines oben beschriebenen Wertdokuments wird die Echtheit des Wertdokuments geprüft und eine Werterkennung des Dokuments durchgeführt, indem mindestens eine charakteristische Eigenschaft des ersten Merkmalsstoffs oder des Lumineszenzstoffs zur Prüfung der Echtheit des Wertdokuments und die durch den Lumineszenzstoff und/oder den ersten Merkmalsstoff gebildete Codierung zur Werterkennung des Wertdokuments verwendet wird. Vorzugsweise wird die Echtheit des Wertdokuments von unterschiedlichen Nutzergruppen anhand unterschiedlicher Merkmalsstoffe ermittelt, Das heißt, falls der Nutzer der ersten Nutzergruppe angehört, wird die Echtheit des Dokuments anhand mindestens einer charakteristischen Eigenschaft des ersten Merkmalsstoffs ermittelt. Falls der Nutzer einer zweiten Nutzergruppe angehört, steht diesem mindestens eine charakteristische Eigenschaft des zweiten Merkmalsstoffs für die Echtheitsprüfung zur Verfügung.In a method for examining or processing a value document described above, the authenticity of the document of value is checked and a value recognition of the document is carried out by checking at least one characteristic of the first feature substance or of the luminescent substance for checking the authenticity of the document of value and by the luminescent substance and / or the first feature substance formed coding is used to recognize the value of the value document. Preferably, the authenticity of the value document is determined by different user groups on the basis of different feature substances. That is, if the user belongs to the first user group, the authenticity of the document is determined on the basis of at least one characteristic property of the first feature substance. If the user belongs to a second user group, at least one characteristic property of the second feature substance is available for the authenticity check.

Die Werterkennung erfolgt durch den Nutzer einer ersten Nutzergruppe vorzugsweise anhand der durch den ersten Merkmalsstoff dargestellten Codierung und durch den Nutzer einer zweiten Nutzergruppe anhand der durch den Lumineszenzstoff gebildeten Codierung.The value recognition is carried out by the user of a first user group preferably based on the coding represented by the first feature substance and by the user of a second user group on the basis of the coding formed by the luminescent substance.

Ist das Wertdokument mit einem dritten Merkmalsstoff versehen, so ist gemäß einem weiteren Prüfungs- oder Bearbeitungsverfahren vorgesehen, dass mindestens eine charakteristische Eigenschaft des ersten und/oder dritten Merkmalsstoffs zur Prüfung der Echtheit des Wertdokuments verwendet wird und die durch den ersten und/oder dritten Merkmalsstoff gebildete Codierung zur Werterkennung des Wertdokuments verwendet wird, falls der Nutzer der ersten Nutzergruppe angehört. Beispielsweise kann ein Teil der Nutzer aus der ersten Nutzergruppe den ersten Merkmalsstoff zur Echtheitsprüfung verwenden, ein anderer Teil den dritten Merkmalsstoff. Gehört der Nutzer der zweiten Nutzergruppe an, so wird mindestens eine charakteristische Eigenschaft des Lumineszenzstoffs zur Prüfung der Echtheit des Wertdokuments verwendet und die durch den Lumineszenzstoff gebildete Codierung wird zur Werterkennung des Wertdokuments verwendet.If the value document is provided with a third feature substance, it is provided according to a further examination or processing method that at least one characteristic property of the first and / or third feature substance is used to check the authenticity of the value document and that by the first and / or third feature substance formed encoding for value recognition of the value document is used if the user of the first user group belongs. For example, a part of the users from the first user group can use the first feature substance for authentication, another part the third feature substance. Belongs the user of the second user group, at least one characteristic property of the luminescent substance is used to test the authenticity of the value document, and the coding formed by the luminescent substance is used to recognize the value of the value document.

Handelt es sich bei den Merkmalsstoffen um Lumineszenzstoffe, wird bei beiden Verfahren zweckmäßig mit Strahlung aus dem Anregungsbereich des jeweiligen Lumineszenzstoffs bestrahlt, ihre Emission bei zumindest einer Wellenlänge aus dem Emissionsbereich der Lumineszenzstoffe bestimmt und die Prüfung der Echtheit und/oder die Wertbestimmung auf Grundlage der bestimmten Emission durchgeführt. In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung werden die Lumineszenzstoffe dabei mit sichtbarer und/oder infraroter Strahlung bestrahlt und die Emission der Lumineszenzstoffe im infraroten Spektralbereich bestimmt.If the feature substances are luminescent substances, in both methods it is expedient to irradiate radiation from the excitation region of the respective luminescent substance, determine its emission at at least one wavelength from the emission region of the luminescent substances and test the authenticity and / or the value determination on the basis of the determined Emission carried out. In an advantageous embodiment, the luminescent substances are irradiated with visible and / or infrared radiation and the emission of the luminescent substances in the infrared spectral range is determined.

In beiden Verfahren ergibt sich als Vorteil, dass beide Nutzerkreise neben der Echtheitsprüfung ohne großen Zusatzaufwand eine Werterkennung an dem Dokument vornehmen können. Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, dass die Nutzer der ersten und zweiten Nutzergruppe nicht überlappende Kombinationen der Merkmalsstoffe bzw. der durch sie gebildeten Codierung zur Auswertung verwenden. Daher kann beispielsweise einer Analyse einer Vorrichtung zum Echtheitsnachweis der zweiten Benutzergruppe keinerlei Hinweis auf das Vorgehen bei der Echtheitsprüfung der ersten Benutzergruppe entnommen werden, da diese Nachweisvorrichtung keine der Eigenschaften des ersten oder dritten Merkmalsstoffs abfragt.In both methods, it is advantageous that both user groups can perform value recognition on the document in addition to the authenticity check without much additional effort. A further advantage is that the users of the first and second user groups use non-overlapping combinations of the feature substances or the coding formed by them for evaluation. Therefore, for example, an analysis of a device for authentication of the second user group no reference to the procedure in the authentication of the first user group are removed, since this detection device does not query any of the properties of the first or third feature substance.

Weitere Ausführungsbeispiele sowie Vorteile der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Figuren erläutert. Zur besseren Anschaulichkeit wird in den Figuren auf eine maßstabs- und proportionsgetreue Darstellung verzichtet.Further embodiments and advantages of the invention are explained below with reference to the figures. For better clarity, in The figures waived a true to scale and proportions representation.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung einer Banknote nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, und
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt durch die Banknote von Fig. 1 entlang der Linie II-II.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of a banknote according to an embodiment of the invention, and
Fig. 2
a section through the banknote of Fig. 1 along the line II-II.

Die Erfindung wird nun am Beispiel einer Banknote erläutert. Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen eine schematische Darstellung einer Banknote 10, die mit verschiedenen Sicherheitsmerkmalen für eine Prüfung durch unterschiedliche Nutzergruppen ausgestattet ist. Dabei zeigt Fig. 1 die Banknote 10 in Aufsicht und Fig. 2 einen Querschnitt entlang der Linie II-II der Fig. 1.The invention will now be explained using the example of a banknote. Fig. 1 and 2 show a schematic representation of a banknote 10, which is equipped with various security features for testing by different user groups. It shows Fig. 1 the banknote 10 in supervision and Fig. 2 a cross section along the line II-II of Fig. 1 ,

Wie am besten in Fig. 2 zu erkennen, ist ein erster Merkmalsstoff 14 gleichmäßig im Volumen des Papiersubstrats 12 der Banknote 10 verteilt. Im Ausführungsbeispiel ist der erste Merkmalsstoff 14 eine Mischung aus verschiedenen Lumineszenzstoffen, die nach Anregung Strahlung mit einer komplexen und schwer nachzustellenden spektralen Verteilung emittiert. Die spektrale Verteilung selbst dient dabei als Codierung.How best in Fig. 2 To recognize, a first feature substance 14 is evenly distributed in the volume of the paper substrate 12 of the banknote 10. In the exemplary embodiment, the first feature substance 14 is a mixture of different luminescent substances, which emit radiation after excitation with a complex and hard to follow spectral distribution. The spectral distribution itself serves as a coding.

Ein zweiter Merkmalsstoff 16 ist in Streifenform auf die Oberseite der Banknote 10 aufgedruckt. Die Breite der einzelnen Streifen 18 und die Breite der jeweiligen Zwischenräume 20 bilden dabei einen Strichcode, in dem die Denomination und die Währung der Banknote 10 verschlüsselt abgelegt sind.A second feature fabric 16 is printed in strip form on top of the banknote 10. The width of the individual strips 18 and the width of the respective intermediate spaces 20 form a bar code in which the denomination and the currency of the banknote 10 are stored encrypted.

Der Strichcode 18, 20 erstreckt sich dabei im Wesentlichen über die gesamte Fläche der Banknote 10.The bar code 18, 20 extends substantially over the entire surface of the banknote 10.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel ist auch der zweite Merkmalsstoff 16 ein Lumineszenzstoff. Im Gegensatz zu dem ersten Merkmalsstoff 14 ist der zweite Merkmalsstoff 16 gezielt so gewählt, dass seine Lumineszenz leicht angeregt und mit handelsüblichen Detektoren nachgewiesen werden kann.In the exemplary embodiment, the second feature substance 16 is also a luminescent substance. In contrast to the first feature substance 14, the second feature substance 16 is deliberately chosen such that its luminescence can easily be excited and detected by commercially available detectors.

Die Echtheitsprüfung und die Werterkennung wird nun von zwei unterschiedlichen Benutzergruppen anhand nicht überlappender Kombinationen der Merkmalsstoffe 14,16 bzw. deren Anordnung vorgenommen. Die Banknote 10 des Ausführungsbeispiels ist für eine erste Nutzergruppe mit hohen Sicherheitsanforderungen und eine zweite Nutzergruppe mit vergleichsweise niedrigen Sicherheitsanforderungen ausgelegt.The authenticity check and the value recognition is now carried out by two different user groups on the basis of non-overlapping combinations of the feature substances 14, 16 or their arrangement. The banknote 10 of the embodiment is designed for a first user group with high security requirements and a second user group with comparatively low security requirements.

Bei der zweiten Nutzergruppe kann es sich beispielsweise um einfache, Geldscheine annehmende Automaten auf Parkplätzen oder Verkaufsautomaten handeln. Für diesen Einsatz sind preiswerte Nachweisvorrichtungen zur Echtheitsprüfung und Werterkennung besonders sinnvoll.For example, the second user group may be simple, cash-accepting machines in parking lots or vending machines. For this use inexpensive detection devices for authenticity testing and value recognition are particularly useful.

Ein Nutzer der zweiten Nutzergruppe prüft die Echtheit einer Banknote 10 durch Beleuchten der Banknote mit Anregungslicht und dem Nachweis des Lumineszenzsignals des zweiten Merkmalsstoffs 16. Wird ein entsprechendes Lumineszenzsignal empfangen, wird die Banknote von dem Nutzer als echt bewertet. Aufgrund der Wahl des Lumineszenzstoffes kann dieser Nachweis mit handelsüblichen, preiswerten Detektoren erfolgen. Ist die Banknote als echt erkannt, kann ihr Wert der Codierung 18, 20 entnommen werden. Die Echtheitsprüfung und die Werterkennung können dabei auch in einem Schritt durchgeführt werden.A user of the second user group checks the authenticity of a banknote 10 by illuminating the banknote with excitation light and detecting the luminescence signal of the second feature substance 16. If a corresponding luminescence signal is received, the banknote is evaluated by the user as genuine. Due to the choice of the luminescent substance, this detection can be carried out with commercially available, inexpensive detectors. If the banknote is recognized as genuine, its value can be found in coding 18, 20. The authenticity check and the value recognition can also be carried out in one step.

Der ersten Nutzergruppe mit ihren höheren Sicherheitsanforderungen dient der erste Merkmalsstoff 14 mit seiner konkreten, aber komplexen Emission als Echtheitskennzeichen. Die erste Nutzergruppe kann beispielsweise Banken umfassen, in denen die Echtheit der Banknoten mit hochwertigen und aufwändigen Detektoren geprüft wird. Auch hier wird eine Banknote zur Prüfung mit Anregungslicht bestrahlt und die korrekte spektrale Antwort des ersten Merkmalsstoffs 14 ausgewertet. Ist die Banknote als echt erkannt, kann ihr Wert ohne weiteres der durch den ersten Merkmalsstoff gebildeten spektralen Codierung entnommen werden, indem eine tiefer gehende Analyse des Emissionsspektrums, wobei Halbwertsbreiten und/oder Lumineszenzpeakabstände und/oder Abklingzeiten etc. bewertet werden, ausgeführt wird.The first user group with its higher security requirements is the first feature substance 14 with its concrete but complex emission as a mark of authenticity. The first group of users may, for example, include banks in which the authenticity of the banknotes is checked with high-quality and sophisticated detectors. Here, too, a banknote is irradiated with excitation light for examination and the correct spectral response of the first feature substance 14 is evaluated. If the bill is recognized as genuine, its value can readily be deduced from the spectral coding formed by the first feature substance by performing a more in-depth analysis of the emission spectrum, evaluating half widths and / or luminescence peak distances and / or decay times, etc.

Die beiden Benutzergruppen werten somit unterschiedliche Kombinationen der Merkmalsstoffe bzw. deren Anordnung auf der Banknote 10 aus. Dies hat den zusätzlichen Vorteil, dass eine Analyse einer vergleichsweise leicht zugänglichen Vorrichtung zum Echtheitsnachweis der zweiten Benutzergruppe noch keinen Hinweis auf die Vorgehensweise und die Grundlagen der Echtheitsprüfung der ersten Benutzergruppe gibt.The two user groups thus evaluate different combinations of the feature substances or their arrangement on the banknote 10. This has the additional advantage that an analysis of a comparatively easily accessible device for authenticating the second user group does not yet give any indication of the procedure and the basics of checking the authenticity of the first user group.

Zusätzlich zu den genannten Merkmalsstoffen kann ein dritter Merkmalsstoff 22 in Form einer weiteren Codierung 24 auf die Banknote 10 aufgedruckt sein. Die weitere Codierung kann ebenfalls als Barcode oder auch als alphanumerische Zeichenfolge ausgebildet sein, wie in der Fig. 1 angedeutet. Der dritte Merkmalsstoff ist im Ausführungsbeispiel durch einen weiteren Lumineszenzstoff 22 gebildet, der einer sichtbaren Druckfarbe 26 beigemischt ist, mit der ein Druckbild, beispielsweise die Denomination der Note, auf das Banknotensubstrat 12 aufgedruckt ist.In addition to the feature substances mentioned, a third feature substance 22 in the form of a further coding 24 may be printed on the banknote 10. The further coding can also be designed as a barcode or as an alphanumeric string, as in the Fig. 1 indicated. The third feature substance is formed in the exemplary embodiment by a further luminescent substance 22, which is admixed with a visible printing ink 26 with which a printed image, for example the denomination of the note, is printed on the banknote substrate 12.

Der dritte Merkmalsstoff 22 ist im Ausführungsbeispiel auf Basis eines mit einem Seltenerdelement dotiertem Wirtskristall gebildet, welcher auf Anregung im sichtbaren Spektralbereich hin eine Lumineszenz im infraroten Spektralbereich oberhalb von etwa 1,5 µm zeigt und im Sichtbaren und im nahen Infrarot nicht emittiert. Die Lumineszenz des dritten Merkmalsstoffs 22 kann mit verbreiteten Detektoren, die bis etwa 1,1 µm empfindlich sind, nicht nachgewiesen werden. Der dritte Merkmalsstoff 22 kann daher von den Nutzern der ersten Nutzergruppe alternativ oder zusätzlich zu dem ersten Merkmalsstoff 14 für eine hochwertige Echtheitsprüfung herangezogen werden.In the exemplary embodiment, the third feature substance 22 is formed on the basis of a host crystal doped with a rare earth element which, upon excitation in the visible spectral range, exhibits luminescence in the infrared spectral range above approximately 1.5 μm and does not emit in the visible and in the near infrared. The luminescence of the third feature substance 22 can not be detected with widespread detectors that are sensitive to about 1.1 μm. The third feature substance 22 can therefore be used by the users of the first user group as an alternative or in addition to the first feature substance 14 for a high-quality authenticity check.

Wieder mit Bezug auf Fig. 1 ist der erste Streifen 18 der Codierung mit einem gewissen Abstand 28 vom linken Rand 30 der Banknote 10 angeordnet. Wird dieser Abstand 28 für unterschiedliche Banknoten derselben Serie variiert, indem beispielsweise unterschiedliche Druckplatten mit unterschiedlichem Abstand 28 verwendet werden, so ergibt sich ein zusätzlicher Fälschungsschutz, da sich Lücken oder eingefügte Teile anderer Banknoten als Störung in der Codierung 18, 20 bemerkbar machen. Beispielsweise kann vorgesehen sein, dass nur bestimmte Kombinationen von Streifenbreiten 18 und Lückenbreiten 20 zulässige Codierungen bilden. Zu breite oder zu schmale Streifen, wie sie bei Manipulationsversuchen an der Banknote auftreten, können dann bei der Prüfung der Banknoten als unzulässig erkannt und die Banknote als nicht echt zurückgewiesen werden.Again with respect to Fig. 1 the first strip 18 of the coding is arranged with a certain distance 28 from the left edge 30 of the banknote 10. If this distance 28 is varied for different banknotes of the same series, for example by using different printing plates with different spacing 28, this results in additional protection against forgery, since gaps or inserted parts of other banknotes make themselves felt as a disturbance in the coding 18, 20. For example, it may be provided that only certain combinations of strip widths 18 and gap widths 20 form permissible codes. Too wide or too narrow strips, as they occur in manipulation attempts on the banknote can then be recognized as inadmissible in the examination of the banknotes and rejected the bill as not genuine.

Claims (25)

  1. A value document (10), in particular bank note, having a value document substrate (12) and at least two different feature substances (14, 16) for checking the authenticity of the value document, wherein a first feature substance (14) formed by a luminescent substance or a mixture of luminescent substances is incorporated into the volume of the substrate (12) of the value document, and a second feature substance (16) is formed by a luminescent substance which is applied to the value document substrate in the form of a coding (18, 20) for a value recognition, and wherein at least one of the feature substances (14, 16) is formed on the basis of a host lattice doped with rare-earth elements, characterized in that the coding (18, 20) extends over a predominant part of a surface of the value document, in particular over the substantially complete surface of the value document, and that
    the first feature substance (14) is distributed substantially uniformly within the volume of the value document substrate (12), so that sufficiently large volume elements of equal size each contain a substantially equal quantity of the first feature substance (14).
  2. The value document according to claim 1, characterized in that a third feature substance (22) is applied to the value document substrate (12), preferably printed thereon, which is different from the first and second feature substances (14, 16).
  3. The value document according to at least one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the third feature substance (22) is formed by a luminescent substance or a mixture of luminescent substances.
  4. The value document according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the coding (18, 20) represents a bar code.
  5. The value document according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first feature substance (14) is present in coded form, and the coding of the first feature substance (14) lies in the material properties, in particular in the form of the emission and/or excitation spectra of the first feature substance (14).
  6. The value document according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the value document substrate (12) is formed by a printed or unprinted cotton paper.
  7. The value document according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the value document substrate (12) is formed by a printed or unprinted plastic foil.
  8. The value document according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the second feature substance (16) is printed on the value document substrate (12).
  9. The value document according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the second feature substance (16) is applied to the moist paper web, in particular sprayed on, in the form of the coding (18, 20) during papermaking.
  10. The value document according to claim 2 and at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the third feature substance (22) is applied to the value document substrate (12), in particular printed thereon, in the form of a coding (24).
  11. The value document according to at least one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that the third feature substance (22) is printed on the value document substrate together with a printing ink (26), in particular a visible printing ink, in the form of a printed image (24).
  12. A method for manufacturing a value document according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the first feature substance (14) is incorporated into the volume of the value document substrate (12), and the second feature substance (16) is applied to the value document substrate (12) in the form of a coding (18, 20).
  13. The manufacturing method according to claim 12, characterized in that the second feature substance (16) is printed on the value document substrate (12).
  14. The manufacturing method according to claim 12, wherein the value document substrate (12) is formed by a printed or unprinted cotton paper, characterized in that the second feature substance (16) is sprayed onto the moist paper web during papermaking.
  15. The manufacturing method according to at least one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that a third feature substance (22) is applied to the value document substrate (12), in particular printed thereon.
  16. The manufacturing method according to claim 15, characterized in that the second and third feature substances (16, 22) are applied to the value document substrate (12) as a mixture or as separate substances.
  17. The manufacturing method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the third feature substance (22) is printed on the value document substrate (12) together with a printing ink (26), in particular a visible printing ink, in the form of a printed image (24).
  18. A method for checking or processing a value document according to any of claims 1 to 11, wherein the authenticity of the value document (10) is checked and a value recognition of the document carried out by employing at least one characteristic property of the first feature substance (14) and/or luminescent substance for checking the authenticity of the value document, and employing the coding formed by the luminescent substance and/or the second feature substance (16) for the value recognition of the value document.
  19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that at least one characteristic property of the first feature substance (14) is employed for checking the authenticity of the value document (10), and the coding formed by the first feature substance (14) for the value recognition of the value document, by a user of a first user group.
  20. The method according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that at least one characteristic property of the luminescent substance (14) is employed for checking the authenticity of the value document (10), and the coding formed by the second feature substance (16) for the value recognition of the value document, by a user of a second user group.
  21. The method according to at least one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that at least one characteristic property of the first and/or third feature substance (14, 22) is employed for checking the authenticity of the value document (10), and the coding formed by the first feature substance (14) is employed for the value recognition of the value document, if the user belongs to the first user group, and at least one characteristic property of the second feature substance (16) is employed for checking the authenticity of the value document, and the coding (18, 20) formed by the second feature substance is employed for the value recognition of the value document, if the user belongs to the second user group.
  22. The method according to claims 18 to 21, characterized in that the first feature substance (14) is a luminescent substance, and for the authenticity check or value recognition by a user of the first user group, the first feature substance is irradiated with radiation from its excitation range, the emission is determined at at least one wavelength from the emission range of the first feature substance (14), and the check of authenticity and/or the value recognition is carried out on the basis of the determined emission.
  23. The method according to claims 18 to 22, characterized in that the second feature substance (16) is a luminescent substance, for the authenticity check or value recognition by a user of the second user group the second feature substance (16) is irradiated with radiation from its excitation range, the emission is determined at at least one wavelength from the emission range of the second feature substance (16), and the check of authenticity and/or the value recognition is carried out on the basis of the determined emission.
  24. The method according to claims 22 and 23, characterized in that the first and/or second feature substance (14, 16) is irradiated with visible and/or infrared radiation, and the emission of the irradiated feature substance (14, 16) is determined in the infrared spectral range.
  25. The method according to claim 22 to 24, characterized in that the irradiation is carried out with a light-emitting diode or laser diode.
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WO2005035270A2 (en) 2005-04-21
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US20070273141A1 (en) 2007-11-29
RU2361744C2 (en) 2009-07-20
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TR201806874T4 (en) 2018-06-21
PL1673234T3 (en) 2018-08-31

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