EP1669503A1 - Procede de construction d'immeubles et procede de coffrage modulaire - Google Patents

Procede de construction d'immeubles et procede de coffrage modulaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1669503A1
EP1669503A1 EP04766921A EP04766921A EP1669503A1 EP 1669503 A1 EP1669503 A1 EP 1669503A1 EP 04766921 A EP04766921 A EP 04766921A EP 04766921 A EP04766921 A EP 04766921A EP 1669503 A1 EP1669503 A1 EP 1669503A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
formwork
process according
panels
vertical
concrete
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04766921A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Juan Antonio Corredera Artacho
Andrés CORREDERA ARTACHO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
INCORIBE SL
Original Assignee
INCORIBE SL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by INCORIBE SL filed Critical INCORIBE SL
Priority claimed from PCT/ES2004/000382 external-priority patent/WO2005019550A1/fr
Publication of EP1669503A1 publication Critical patent/EP1669503A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
    • E04G9/10—Forming or shuttering elements for general use with additional peculiarities such as surface shaping, insulating or heating, permeability to water or air
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
    • E04B1/161—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with vertical and horizontal slabs, both being partially cast in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/02—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for rooms as a whole by which walls and floors are cast simultaneously, whole storeys, or whole buildings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G15/00—Forms or shutterings for making openings, cavities, slits, or channels
    • E04G15/06—Forms or shutterings for making openings, cavities, slits, or channels for cavities or channels in walls of floors, e.g. for making chimneys
    • E04G15/061—Non-reusable forms

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a new building construction process for one or several story buildings intended for any use whether industrial, service or residential, particularly designed to be carried out "in situ” by means of the combination of the traditional way of constructing based on columns and floor framing, but simultaneously carrying out the construction of the exterior enclosure walls and the inside distribution partition walls.
  • the invention also describes a modular formwork process for its use preferably in the previous construction method, although its use is also possible in other known construction processes, whether they are intended for buildings or not.
  • the object of the invention is to achieve that columns, exterior enclosure walls, interior distribution walls, floor framing, and electrical and sanitary installations are constructed at the same time, obtaining a perfectly finished building with finishes included, requiring only small details or finishing touches, providing the system with the advantages of traditional construction systems and structural construction systems, obtaining a significant reduction in construction time.
  • the traditional or non-structural construction system consists of, after the preparation of the corresponding foundation, the construction of a structure based on columns and floor framing, after which, once finished, the exterior walls and partition walls are prepared by means of bricks or other suitable materials, on which wall chases are made for arranging the installations, and which are finally plastered by means of the application of a layer of plaster or the like.
  • structural construction systems are also known in which structural concrete is used for obtaining walls and floor framing.
  • reinforced concrete walls and floor framing are obtained by means of the use of suitable formworks, in the absence of columns, which must subsequently be lined both at the floor and ceiling level and at the wall level.
  • the main object of the invention refers to a mixed construction system, that is combining, as previously stated, the traditional or non traditional construction with structural construction, following a specific construction process.
  • the columns corresponding to the first floor are made on the footing, which columns will be metal columns or preferably reinforced structural concrete and steel columns, and after making said columns, the formwork of the exterior walls and interior partition walls is performed, said columns being included within the formwork, and subsequently pouring concrete, preferably non structural lightweight concrete, into the formwork for the walls and partition walls.
  • a composite panel is arranged in which a thermal insulation board and another board, preferably a gypsum board participate such that the latter will be visible upon form removal, providing a perfect finish.
  • thermal insulation boards incorporate on one of their faces, the one in contact with the concrete, a plurality of channels, preferably of dovetail section, to ensure a good adherence with the concrete.
  • Said boards also have tongue and groove joint means on their sides, their opposite sides therefore being different, one with a projection (tongue) and the other one with a recess (groove) for joining successive boards.
  • Another object of the present invention refers to a modular formwork process, one of its features being the use of the previously described thermal insulation boards as inner formwork boards, the use of conventional formwork boards not being necessary for concreting of the walls.
  • the steps of this modular formwork process are also described in the building construction method object of the present invention, although said modular formwork process can also be used in other construction methods and independently from the construction process described in the present invention.
  • the formwork panels for interior walls and partition walls can end at their top end in an orthogonal bracing so as to directly connect with the formwork panels forming the horizontal formwork for the floor framing.
  • the construction system proposed by the invention starts from a foundation based on a preferably lightweight concrete slab 1 with reinforcement 2 and reinforced tie beams and clamps on all the edges of the slab and at the points provided for the location of the columns 3.
  • Said columns 3 can be either metal or reinforced concrete columns.
  • the slab 1 can be lightened by means of special plastic troughs or else ceramic or concrete arches, but in any case incorporating duly incased therein the sanitary drains 4 and any other required service conduit.
  • Metal plates have been built into the solid areas on the vertical of the columns 3, on which plates the reinforcing rods 5 of the columns 3 are arranged, the fixing between them being carried out by means of welding or screwing.
  • the columns On the upper end, the columns have anchored thereto a metal crosspiece 20 which is built into the upper floor framing and on which the metal plates will subsequently be located, which will be useful for anchoring thereon the following section of columns 3, both members being able to be welded or screwed together.
  • the electrowelded meshes 6 are arranged, which will be incased within each exterior wall or interior partition wall, and the conduits 4 for the installations of the building, which converge in the corresponding junction boxes 22 and mechanisms, are fixed to said meshes 6.
  • junction boxes 22 are located and fixed to the formwork boards 7 in a position determined during the construction design stage, Any type of junction box 22 can be fixed, whether for water, electricity or telephone, at the desired height in enclosure walls, interior partition walls or anywhere else the location of junction boxes is required.
  • clamps 23 with a zipper function.
  • These clamps 23 are preferably PVC clamps, although they may also be of another material.
  • the clamps 23 are made up of two planar and elongated members 23a joined at one of their ends by means of a rivet 23b, and a washer is located at the free end of said members, which is responsible for joining them both. On the contact face of both members, there are parallel projections which will fit with one another once both ends are introduced in the washer.
  • the junction box 22 is cylindrical and hollow, missing one of its bases.
  • the open base of the box 22 is supported on the inner face of the formwork board 7.
  • the box 22 will have at least one hole on its closed base and the formwork board will also have a hole 24.
  • the two free ends 23a are passed through the hole of the box until the rivet 23b abuts with them, and then said ends 23a are passed through the hole 24 of the board.
  • the two free ends are inserted through the washer which is responsible for fitting together the parallel projections of each end until abutting with the outer face of the formwork board.
  • the box 22 is located on the formwork board 7, the latter is placed in its position prior to the pouring of the concrete.
  • the boxes have holes for inserting the different conduits 4 for the telephone, electricity or water therein, this also being carried out prior to the pouring of the concreta.
  • junction box 22 is therefore completely fixed against the formwork 7 as a result of the clamp 23 for the subsequent pouring of the concrete. Once the pouring is carried out and prior to the form removal or removal of the formwork boards 7, said clamps 23 are cut such that when said boards 7 have been removed, the junction box 22 is perfectly flush in the end wall.
  • each electrowelded mesh 6 arranged on both sides of each electrowelded mesh 6 and with the suitable spacing according to the thickness provided for each wall or partition wall are placed said formwork boards 7 which will allow the subsequent pouring of the preferably lightweight concrete, but with the special particularity, as previously mentioned, that it is possible to adapt to the inner face of the formwork 7 corresponding to each exterior wall a board made up of boards 8 with different finishes, such as gypsum board for example, preferably Pladur® type boards, and immediately inside of each board, an expanded polystyrene panel 9 or of another similar material, with suitable thermal and acoustic features.
  • gypsum board for example, preferably Pladur® type boards
  • the inner formwork board 7 and the gypsum-finished board 8 can be replaced by a single plate incorporating a board 34 defining the practically finished inner surface for said walls, being able to use different materials for the visible inner face of the wall, such as gypsum plaster, for example, as well as a polystyrene board 35, carrying out acoustic and thermal insulation functions.
  • the face of the expanded polystyrene panels 9 or boards 35 intended for coming into contact with the preferably lightweight concrete mass 10 is provided with channels 11 of a dovetail profile in order to ensure a perfect grip of the polystyrene 9 and the lightweight concrete 10.
  • a sheet or plate 12 can be arranged between the concrete 10 and the outer formwork boards, which allows the easy removal of the formwork boards, without needing to use form removal materials.
  • the columns are lined with a polyethylene foam material with a density of 60 or slightly greater and 1 cm thick which functions as a contraction joint between the lightweight concrete and the material of the column.
  • the formwork boards 7 have the particularity of being provided with orthogonally bent extensions 13 at the level of the upper end of the walls and partition walls which allow connection with the formwork boards corresponding to the floor framing 14 without interruption.
  • the preferably lightweight concrete is poured, which will for the exterior walls and vertical partition walls, leaving an empty unfilled space during the vertical concreting, approximately the last three centimeters.
  • the purpose of this measurement is to allow inserting in said space an elastic material in order to provide the necessary sealing against possible air and water filtrations.
  • the enclosure walls and partition walls are also made independent from the distribution of the floor framing which will be arranged on them by means of said joint.
  • the horizontal metal formwork is arranged at a specific distance from the lower face of the end plate of the columns 3, about 5 centimeters above it, which have already been incased within the lightweight concrete forming the enclosure walls and partition walls.
  • waterproof gypsum boards 15 Arranged on the formwork boards corresponding to the floor framing are waterproof gypsum boards 15 which will finally form the visible face of the floor framing corresponding to ceilings, boards on which there are arranged classic polystyrene arches or coffers 16 so as to improve the acoustic and thermal insulation and lighten the weight of the floor framing.
  • Said polystyrene coffers 16 can be replaced with concrete or ceramic coffers, or the like.
  • Said coffers are arranged by forming alignments which give rise to channels 17 in which metal reinforcement rods are introduced and after the pouring of the concrete, they will form one-way or two-way joists.
  • the pre-wired electrical and hydraulic installation conduits are also built into their final position.
  • the last operation consists in pouring the structural concrete on the formwork for the construction of the described floor framing.
  • the previous step is repeated as many times as there are floors to be constructed.
  • the floor lining 19 is arranged on the concrete slab 1 and with the aid of a fast-drying cement layer 18, the lining will be based on ceramic tiles, for example, while at the same time openings will be arranged in the wall formworks, with their corresponding casings, for obtaining the necessary openings corresponding to doors and windows.
  • the first optional step of the modular formwork process consists of placing angular guides anchored in the ground for the configuration of the perimeter of the building to be constructed. Subsequently to arranging said guides, and using these, inner horizontal panels are placed for the horizontal formwork, joined to one another laterally and preferably by means of tongue and groove.
  • Said inner horizontal panels 34, 35 can preferably be formed by a board formed by a gypsum board 34 and a preferably polystyrene thermal insulation board 35, the thickness of said board being enough to resist the pressure of the concrete which will subsequently be poured between the inner and outer formwork panel.
  • Said gypsum board which is the visible face of the construction, can be replaced by another material with another surface finish.
  • the board forming each inner horizontal panel can also be a conventional formwork panel.
  • the vertical aligners 31, preferably four in each vertical aligner 31, are arranged placed against the inner face of the vertical panels 34, 35.
  • Said vertical aligners 31 consist of preferably metal bodies or straight guides with two orthogonally arranged surfaces having holes throughout said surfaces, all the holes being separated from one another by a given distance and which may vary.
  • Said vertical aligners 31 are arranged spaced from one another a given distance throughout the vertical panels 34, 35, said distance preferably being 1.20 meters.
  • tie rods 37 are introduced, which traverse the vertical aligners 31 and the vertical panels 34, 35, ensuring the union between both members. Fixing means 39 combined with stop members 38 are used to ensure said union.
  • the tie rods 37 consist of cylindrical bodies or bars with a thread on their surface, the length of which will vary according to the thickness of the wall to be constructed.
  • Said fixing members 39 are traversed by the tie rod 37 and are fixed to the vertical aligners 31, ensuring the position of the tie rod by means of a stop member 38 screwed to the free and of the tie rod 37 projecting from the fixing member 39.
  • Preferably four tie rods 37 are arranged for each vertical aligner 31.
  • a wire mesh 6 is subsequently placed and fixed on the outer side of the vertical panels 31 and along their entire length and surface by means of suitable means, for example wires or clips.
  • suitable means for example wires or clips.
  • the purpose of said wire mesh is to facilitate the distribution of the concrete when it is poured between the outer and inner formwork members.
  • aligner supports 40 are located in the vertical aligners 31 for the subsequent support of horizontal aligners 32.
  • the horizontal aligners 32 are fitted between the aligner supports 40 and the vertical aligners 31.
  • the aligner supports 40 consist of preferably metal planar members of little thickness having holes on one of their sides for the fixing thereof to the vertical aligners 31, and having a partial U-shape on the side opposite to the fixing side, suitable for fixing the horizontal aligners 32.
  • Said horizontal aligners 32 are made up of straight bars of bodies with a preferably rectangular section.
  • the aligner supports are located along the vertical aligners 31, separated from one another by a given distance.
  • the first horizontal aligner 32 will preferably be at a distance which is one sixth of the upper portion of the vertical aligner 31, the second horizontal aligner 32 will be located a the mid portion of the vertical aligner, and the third and last horizontal aligner 32 will be located at one sixth of the lower portion of the vertical aligner 31. These distances can obviously be modified according to the construction requirements.
  • the different necessary installations such as the plumbing and electrical installations, including the placement of the different distribution boxes or junction boxes which are necessary for proper distribution of the different installations.
  • each one of the preferably threaded tie rods 37 is introduced in a spacer 33.
  • Said spacer 33 will determine the width of the wall to be constructed, and as mentioned, it will preferably be screwed to the tie rod 37, said spacer 33 made up of a preferably steel tubular member, and as indicated, having an internal thread for being screwed to the tie rod 37.
  • the outer formwork panels 36 will be positioned next to the corresponding vertical aligners, aligner supports and horizontal aligners.
  • the outer formwork panels 36 will be traversed by the tie rods 37, as well as the exterior vertical aligners.
  • the same process is used as that for the inner panels 34, 35.
  • the formwork for the outside enclosure is thus ready for the concrete to be poured.
  • the inner panels 34, 35 and the outer panels 36 as well as the wire mesh 6 are provided with openings prior to their assembly provided on the façade in the way of windows, doors, terraces and balconies, according to the design of the tarade.
  • the outer formwork panels 36 may likewise have any finish, such as wood, brick or any other type, on their visible face, the outer face.
  • the formwork for the interior partition walls of the building or distribution partition walls is prepared, and the previous process is repeated for this but the vertical aligners 31 of the interior partition walls are located facing the vertical aligners 31 of the exterior enclosure wall.
  • half joists or elongated metal members which will be useful as support for the fixing panels for the subsequent framing, will be located on the upper ends of the vertical aligners 31 of the exterior enclosure wall and of the interior partition walls which are facing one another.
  • Said panels may have a varying finish on its visible lower face, such as plaster or wood, among others. At this point the concrete can be poured between the formwork panels.
  • Bracing will be carried out in the necessary sites for the construction of the framing, and the process used in the previously described construction process is followed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
EP04766921A 2003-08-20 2004-08-20 Procede de construction d'immeubles et procede de coffrage modulaire Withdrawn EP1669503A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200300431 2003-08-20
PCT/ES2004/000382 WO2005019550A1 (fr) 2003-08-20 2004-08-20 Procede de construction d'immeubles et procede de coffrage modulaire

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP1669503A1 true EP1669503A1 (fr) 2006-06-14

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EP04766921A Withdrawn EP1669503A1 (fr) 2003-08-20 2004-08-20 Procede de construction d'immeubles et procede de coffrage modulaire

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009097899A1 (fr) * 2008-02-06 2009-08-13 Sistemas Industrializados Barcons, S.L. Coffrage modulaire intégral
EP2507021A1 (fr) 2009-11-30 2012-10-10 Inneo Torres, S.L. Usine de fabrication par moulage de voussoirs en béton préfabriqués pour la construction de mâts d'aérogénérateurs
WO2014024186A1 (fr) * 2012-08-06 2014-02-13 Giat Yochanan Stratégie et système ergonomiques pour une construction en plâtre
WO2014153066A1 (fr) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-25 Gaddes Shane Panneau de coffrage de béton modulaire
CN108071230A (zh) * 2017-12-12 2018-05-25 北京崇建工程有限公司 一种门窗洞口的施工方法
CN109577538A (zh) * 2018-12-12 2019-04-05 湖南易兴建筑有限公司 屋面施工方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2005019550A1 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009097899A1 (fr) * 2008-02-06 2009-08-13 Sistemas Industrializados Barcons, S.L. Coffrage modulaire intégral
EP2507021A1 (fr) 2009-11-30 2012-10-10 Inneo Torres, S.L. Usine de fabrication par moulage de voussoirs en béton préfabriqués pour la construction de mâts d'aérogénérateurs
WO2014024186A1 (fr) * 2012-08-06 2014-02-13 Giat Yochanan Stratégie et système ergonomiques pour une construction en plâtre
WO2014153066A1 (fr) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-25 Gaddes Shane Panneau de coffrage de béton modulaire
CN108071230A (zh) * 2017-12-12 2018-05-25 北京崇建工程有限公司 一种门窗洞口的施工方法
CN109577538A (zh) * 2018-12-12 2019-04-05 湖南易兴建筑有限公司 屋面施工方法

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