EP1662443A2 - Marquage de sécurité magnétique - Google Patents
Marquage de sécurité magnétique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1662443A2 EP1662443A2 EP05025489A EP05025489A EP1662443A2 EP 1662443 A2 EP1662443 A2 EP 1662443A2 EP 05025489 A EP05025489 A EP 05025489A EP 05025489 A EP05025489 A EP 05025489A EP 1662443 A2 EP1662443 A2 EP 1662443A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pieces
- magnetic
- micro
- wire
- magnetic field
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/004—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using digital security elements, e.g. information coded on a magnetic thread or strip
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/20—Testing patterns thereon
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/004—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using digital security elements, e.g. information coded on a magnetic thread or strip
- G07D7/0043—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using digital security elements, e.g. information coded on a magnetic thread or strip using barcodes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a magnetic security marker comprising a substrate and a microwire attached to or in the same having a magnetic core with an insulating coating. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a magnetic security marking, a magnetic security marking detection system and a method for detecting a magnetic security marking.
- the z Printing technology, holograms, watermarks, various taggants containing magnetic powders, UV-fluorescent fibers, specific chemical compositions, etc.
- the security markers can also carry a certain amount of information. Is a document with the security marker provided, this information can z. The year of publication of the document. It is also desired that the security tags be machine-readable so that the method of object authentication and reading of the information can be done quickly and easily. Further, it is desirable that the mark can be hidden in the object and thus not at all or hardly perceptible to the human eye.
- US Pat. No. 6,289,141 B1 discloses a method for checking the authenticity of an object, wherein a magnetic mark is introduced into the object, the mark is exposed to a changing magnetic field, the magnetic field is changed by the magnetic properties of the magnetic material and the magnetic field of an antenna is received and supplied as a signal to an evaluation. If the change of the magnetic field determined by the evaluation device corresponds to a predetermined pattern, then the authenticity of the object is confirmed, otherwise it is denied. Depending on whether the object is genuine or unreal, different measures can be initiated by the evaluation unit.
- a marker a magnetic fiber is used, wherein the size of the marker with minimum dimensions between 1 to 25 mm and at maximum dimensions between 10 to 100 mm can be. Markable objects can z. B. documents or bills.
- No. 6,498,864 B1 further forms this method in that a magnetic reference mark identical to the magnetic mark is introduced into the changing magnetic field, wherein it is checked whether the magnetic marking affects the external magnetic field in the same way as the reference mark , If this is the case, then the mark is classified as genuine, otherwise as unreal.
- WO 02/082475 A1 discloses a micro-wire having a bi-stable magnetic switching behavior.
- the Micro-wire consists of a metallic core with an insulating coating with a diameter between 5 to 35 microns, the z. B. may be formed of glass or ceramic.
- the metallic core has a diameter between 1 and 30 .mu.m and is composed in particular of an Fe- and Co-based alloy and may additionally contain fractions of Mn, B, Si, Cr, Ni, Ge and Re.
- the microstructure or the structure of the metallic core is amorphous and / or micro / ultra-crystalline.
- the object may have a plurality of microwires of different coercive force, each micro-wire corresponding to one bit. Different coercive field strengths are achieved in that different alloys are used for the metallic core and / or the diameter of the metallic core and the thickness of the insulating coating are varied. For a described multi-bit marking several micro-wires with a length of about 3 cm were attached at a distance of 2 mm on a glass substrate.
- a disadvantage of such a multi-bit marking is that the micro-wires with different coercive field strength must be produced from different materials or with different diameters and coating thicknesses, which makes the production of such a mark more expensive.
- the magnetic security marking according to the invention has a carrier material and a micro-wire arranged on or in or attached to it, which comprises a magnetic core with an insulating coating, wherein the microwire is subdivided in the longitudinal direction into a plurality of pieces which are at a distance from each other.
- the undivided microwire has an excellent longitudinal extent through which a curve is formed, the pieces being arranged and aligned along the curve so that the pieces, while maintaining the spacing, join each other end-to-end and thus form a row.
- Each piece can have an excellent longitudinal extent, which extends along the curve.
- the micro-wire preferably has the same material properties over its entire length, so that the material for the magnetic core and the material for the insulating coating are identical for all pieces. Furthermore, the Diameter of the magnetic core and the thickness of the insulating coating for all pieces to be identical. In particular, the coating forms an envelope for the magnetic core.
- the magnetic security marker may carry information represented by the length of the respective pieces, which pieces may have different lengths.
- the lengths of the pieces thereby form a binary code, each piece representing one bit.
- the two logical states of each bit can be represented by two different, fixed lengths, one of the fixed lengths corresponding to a logic "zero" and the other of the fixed lengths to a logical "one". It has proven to be advantageous if a logical zero a length of 2.5 mm and a logical one is assigned a length of 5 mm. Since the pieces retain their initial position prior to the subdivision of the micro-wire, the pieces together with the spacing or gaps form a strip which in particular has the length of the undivided micro-wire. The pieces are arranged in series or successively so that the pieces or their lengths along the strip form an information pattern which can be read out in a suitable manner and is in particular a bit pattern or corresponds to a bit pattern.
- the spacing between the pieces may magnetically form a gap or air gap having a greater magnetic resistance than the magnetic core of each piece.
- the distance between two adjacent pieces is less than or equal to 100 microns.
- the magnetic core may be made of an alloy having a microcrystalline or ultra-crystalline microstructure.
- the core is formed of an alloy having an amorphous microstructure.
- the magnetic core is particularly made of an Fe and Co based alloy composed and may additionally contain fractions of Mn, B, Si, Cr, Ni, Ge and Re.
- the insulating coating can, for. B. be made of ceramic, but in particular made of glass.
- the diameter of the magnetic core may be in the ⁇ m range and is preferably 14 ⁇ m. Furthermore, the coating in particular has a thickness of 2 ⁇ m.
- the micro-wire is applied to the substrate with a curved course prior to the division, the pieces also run along the curve given by the curved course of the microwire.
- the micro-wire preferably extends along a straight line before the subdivision, so that the pieces also extend along a common straight line, whereby the production of the magnetic security mark as well as the reading out of a code can be simplified.
- the carrier material can be optically transparent, in particular permeable to laser radiation, so that the micro-wire can be cut with a laser beam, in particular transversely to the longitudinal direction, in order to form the pieces. If the carrier material is formed in multiple layers, wherein the pieces of the micro-wire are arranged between two adjacent layers of the carrier material, at least one of the layers of the carrier material can be optically transparent, in particular permeable to laser radiation.
- the carrier material In order that the magnetic properties of the pieces are not influenced by the carrier material, this is in particular made of a non-magnetic material.
- the carrier material may consist of a flexible material, so that foldable or bendable objects such as bills, air tickets, paper documents and the like can also be provided with the security marking according to the invention.
- the magnetic security marking can be attached as a separate component to an object to be marked or introduced or embedded in this, wherein the carrier material of another or the same material as the object to be marked can be produced. Furthermore, it is possible that the carrier material is formed by the object to be marked itself. Preferably, however, the carrier material consists of plastic.
- the invention further relates to a method for producing a magnetic security marking, wherein firstly a micro-wire is arranged on or in a carrier material having a magnetic core with an insulating coating, wherein then the arranged or fixed micro-wire in the longitudinal direction into several pieces is divided, which have a distance from each other.
- the magnetic security mark can be developed according to all the aforementioned embodiments.
- the portion of the micro-wire to which the laser beam is applied is destroyed. This destroyed area divides the microwire into pieces and at the same time forms the space between these pieces. It has proven to be particularly suitable when the laser beam is operated in pulsed mode.
- an information or identification pattern can be provided, which in particular has a bit sequence, such as a bitmap.
- B. is a byte.
- the identification pattern or the bit sequence is then assigned a first sequence of lengths, wherein the logical one state of the bit can be assigned a first length and the logical zero state of the bit a second length which differs from the first length .
- the subdivision of the micro-wire into several pieces can then be made such that after the subdivision or cutting the Lengths of the pieces form a second series of lengths corresponding to the first sequence of lengths. In doing so, the pieces preferably remain in the initial position of the undivided micro-wire so that the pieces together form a strip along which the information can be read out.
- the invention further relates to a detection system having a memory device in which a pattern data record is stored, a magnetic field generator from which a magnetic field, in particular alternating field can be generated, a magnetic security mark with a carrier material and a microwire attached to or in this, the magnetic Having core with an insulating coating, wherein the micro-wire is arranged in the magnetic field, a magnetic sensor of the micro-wire caused changes in the magnetic field can be detected, connected to the sensor evaluation, of which the changes of the magnetic field in a measurement data set are feasible and the measured data set is comparable to the pattern data set, wherein the microwire is divided in the longitudinal direction into a plurality of pieces having a distance from each other.
- the magnetic security mark can be developed according to all the aforementioned embodiment.
- the pattern data set is formed based on the above-mentioned information or identification pattern and, in a binary coding, may have the lengths of the pieces as logical states of bits of a bit string.
- a logical "one” may correspond to a first length and a logical "zero" to a second length that is different from the first length.
- the magnetic field in particular alternating field preferably has such a strength that the pieces can be completely re-magnetized (or remagnetized) or that in the pieces Barkhausen jumps can take place, so that the outer Field is affected.
- the intensity of the influence depends on the length of the pieces, so that a short piece affects the external magnetic field in a different way than a longer piece. Thus, by measuring the respective influence of the external magnetic field can be clearly concluded on the length of the influencing piece.
- a sensor assembly or sensor string or sensor sequence with a plurality of magnetic sensors is preferably arranged along the security marking or along the strip formed by the pieces.
- magnetic field sensors e.g. sensitive magnetoresistors are used.
- the signals detected by the sensor or by the sensor module are then supplied to the evaluation device, which converts the changes in the magnetic field detected by the sensor or the sensors into a measured data record and compares this with the pattern data record. If a match between the measurement data record and the sample data set is found, if applicable within predetermined limits, the magnetic security marking is genuine, otherwise it is false or a counterfeit. Depending on the result "real” or “wrong” can be controlled by the evaluation device a release device, the z. B. emits an alarm signal at a wrong security mark.
- the object on which the invention is based is furthermore achieved by a method for detecting a magnetic security marking, wherein an information or identification pattern is provided, a micro-wire is arranged on or in a carrier material which has a magnetic core with an insulating coating, the microwire according to the identification pattern in the longitudinal direction is divided into several pieces, which have a distance from each other, the carrier material with the pieces successively or simultaneously in a magnetic field, in particular alternating field is introduced, are detected by the pieces caused changes in the magnetic field and the changes are compared with the identification pattern.
- the magnetic security marking is formed by the micro-wire arranged on or in the carrier material and subdivided into pieces, and can be developed further in accordance with all the aforementioned embodiments. The method is carried out in particular with the recognition system according to the invention.
- the identification pattern may be assigned a sequence of lengths, with the subdivision of the micro-wire into multiple pieces such that the lengths of the pieces form a sequence corresponding to the sequence of lengths associated with the identification pattern.
- the detected changes in the magnetic field can be caused in at least part of the pieces by Barkhausen jumps.
- the security marking principle is based on the unique remagnetization process of, in particular, glass-coated amorphous microwires, also known as Taylor wires.
- the magnetostriction or saturation magnetostriction of the amorphous alloy is zero or negative, the remagnetization (ie, re-magnetization, remagnetization, or magnetization) occurs with a single Barkhausen discontinuity, whereas positive magnetostriction microstresses produce a flat hysteresis loop with a coercive field strength of virtually zero demonstrate. This specific behavior can be easily distinguished from processes occurring in other soft magnetic materials.
- the microwires can be made to very small dimensions, with the diameter of the metal core or magnetic core being only a few microns and with the glass coating having a thickness of less than 2 microns.
- Such thin fibers formed by the microwires can be embedded inside paper or below security holograms.
- a glass-coated amorphous magnetic microwire which is divided into pieces of predetermined lengths.
- the pattern of the division or cutting of the micro-wire is thereby selected in accordance with the selected information-coding principle, while all the pieces of the micro-wire remain in their initial position of the uncut or undivided wire.
- the micro-wire is secured before cutting or dividing between two layers of a thin plastic layer.
- the microwire is first arranged between two layers of a carrier material, wherein at least one layer for laser radiation is transparent. Then, the microwire is cut into pieces according to the selected pattern, and the dividing is preferably performed by a pulsed mode laser.
- the laser can form small air gaps or spacings of 100 micrometers or less in the micro-wire.
- the continuous microwire is divided into a series of short pieces, each of which exhibits a unique magnetic response. These pieces are held together by the backing material and form a security strip.
- the wire is divided into pieces, with their lengths corresponding to a multiple, in particular integer multiples of a certain module length or minimum length.
- a 14 micron core diameter microwire is cut into 2.5 mm and 5 mm lengths, respectively, where a zero can be assigned to the weak remagnetization signal of the short piece and the relatively strong signal from the long piece to be binary Unit or one can be considered.
- Other methods that include non-binary coding may also be used.
- the signal acquisition process may use specific spectral components in the replies of the pieces or the sharp saturation property of positive magnetostriction micro-wires. Both mechanical and electronic scanning of the stripe pattern is possible. Also, the strip z. B. are read by a chain of sensitive magnetoresistors, which is arranged along the strip.
- a strip-shaped security marker which may be secured to or embedded in the object to be protected, the marker comprising an amorphous, glass-coated, magnetic microwire secured to a substrate, the micro-wire, after contacting the carrier material is cut or divided according to a selected data encoding pattern into pieces of predetermined length.
- FIG. 1 shows a microwire 1 which is fastened on a carrier material 2 made of plastic.
- the microwire 1 has a length L0 and runs along a straight line G.
- a dashed amorphous magnetic core 3 is arranged, which extends over the entire length L0 of the micro-wire 1 and of a cladding or coating 4 made of glass is surrounded.
- the core 3 is made of a metallic, in particular of an Fe and Co based alloy.
- FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the microwire according to FIG.
- the circular cross-section of the magnetic core 3 has a diameter D of 14 microns and is annularly surrounded by the arranged concentrically to the magnetic core 3 sheath 4 whose thickness B is 2 microns, so that the microwire 1 has a total diameter 18 microns A ,
- FIG. 3 A first embodiment of the security marking 24 according to the invention can be seen in FIG. 3, wherein the microwire 1 has been cut into four pieces 5, 6, 7 and 8 in the longitudinal direction G using a laser, and the longitudinal direction runs along the straight line G. , Between the adjacent pieces 5 and 6, 6 and 7 and 7 and 8, a distance C is formed, which is 100 microns. The distances C were formed by the fact that the laser beam has destroyed the microwire 1 in the range of distances.
- the pieces 5 and 8 each have a length L1 of 5 mm, whereas the pieces 6 and 7 have a length L2 of 2.5 mm.
- a four-bit coding has been created, wherein the length L1 corresponds to a logical "1" and the length L2 corresponds to a logic "0".
- the four-bit coding also determines the magnetic behavior of the security marker 24, as the longer length pieces 5 and 8 in an external alternating magnetic field become another, e.g. lead stronger influence of this magnetic field than the pieces 6 and 7 with the short length L2.
- four-bit coding has been provided, e.g.
- FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the security marking according to the invention, wherein similar and identical features are designated by the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment.
- the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the carrier material 2 is multi-layered and the pieces 5, 6, 7 and 8 sit between two adjacent layers 9 and 10 of the carrier material 2.
- the uncut microwire 1 between the two layers 9 and 10 has been introduced.
- the layer 10 is transparent to laser light, so that a laser beam passing through the layer 10 has been used to cut the micro-wire 1 into the pieces 5, 6, 7 and 8.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the recognition system according to the invention, wherein a magnetic field generator 11 generates a magnetic alternating field via a field coil 12.
- a magnetic field-sensitive sensor 13 is arranged, which is electrically connected to an evaluation device 14.
- a security marking 24 according to the invention is arranged in the magnetic field, the z. B. is formed according to the first embodiment.
- the magnetic field is strong enough to re-magnetize (or remagnetize) pieces 5, 6, 7, and 8, respectively, to cause Barkhausen jumps in them.
- the long pieces 5 and 8 affect the external magnetic field more than the short pieces 6 and 7.
- the sensor 13 is arranged along the strip formed by the pieces 5, 6, 7 and 8 and measures the changes in the magnetic field which causes each of the pieces 5, 6, 7 and 8.
- the signals supplied by the sensor 13 are converted by the evaluation device 14 into a measurement data record 15, which is compared with a pattern data record 17 stored in a memory 16.
- the comparison is carried out by the evaluation device 14, which is electrically connected to the memory 16.
- an electrically connected to the evaluation device 14 release device 18 is driven, the z. B. in a mismatch of measurement record 15 and pattern data set 17 an alarm signal or a match can output a release signal.
- the memory 16 is preferably a non-volatile memory, so that the pattern data set 17 is also used in the event of a power failure a certain amount of time can be kept.
- the measured data set 15 can be stored in a volatile memory provided in the evaluation device 14, wherein the evaluation device 14 preferably has a digital computer or computer.
- the magnetic security mark 24 has been produced in accordance with the pattern data set 14, which according to this embodiment consists of four bits 19, 20, 21 and 22, the bit 19 the logic state “1", the bit 20 the logic state "0", the Bit 21 has the logic state "0” and the bit 22 has the logic state "1".
- This coding has been transmitted as a length division to the pieces 5, 6, 7 and 8 of the magnetic security mark 24, so that the magnetic security mark 24 can be clearly recognized by the recognition system as "real” or "valid".
- a magnetic security tag is used with another length code, e.g. If the pieces successively have the lengths "L1-L1-L2-L2", then the recognition system generates a measurement data record with the bit sequence "1-1-0-0", which differs from the bit sequence "1-0-0-". 0-1 "of the pattern data set 17 is different. In this case, the security marking is recognized as being false or invalid, so that the evaluation device 14 can cause the release device 18 to output an alarm signal.
- FIG. 6 shows an enlarged, schematic view of the sensor 13, which is designed as a sensor chain and has a plurality of sensitive magnetoresistors 23. Depending on the number of pieces, length of the pieces and size of the distances between the pieces, a different, specially adapted to the particular application number of sensitive magnetoresistors 23 may be arranged in the sensor chain 13.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004057326A DE102004057326A1 (de) | 2004-11-27 | 2004-11-27 | Magnetische Sicherheitsmarkierung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1662443A2 true EP1662443A2 (fr) | 2006-05-31 |
EP1662443A3 EP1662443A3 (fr) | 2006-11-29 |
Family
ID=35841835
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05025489A Withdrawn EP1662443A3 (fr) | 2004-11-27 | 2005-11-23 | Marquage de sécurité magnétique |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1662443A3 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102004057326A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2518737A1 (fr) * | 2011-04-26 | 2012-10-31 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Feuille incluant des fibres et un matériau magnétique linéaire |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006055169A1 (de) | 2006-11-22 | 2008-05-29 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Sicherheitselement für Wertdokumente |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6289141B1 (en) | 1998-01-15 | 2001-09-11 | Morton F. Roseman | Apparatus for authenticating products and authorizing processes using the magnetic properties of a marker |
WO2002082475A1 (fr) | 2001-04-03 | 2002-10-17 | Fourwinds Group Inc | Microfils et procede de preparation |
US6498864B1 (en) | 1999-10-05 | 2002-12-24 | Morton F. Roseman | Apparatus for authenticating products and authorizing processes using the magnetic properties of a marker |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1580951A (en) * | 1977-03-01 | 1980-12-10 | Bank Of England | Security devices |
GB9415780D0 (en) * | 1994-08-04 | 1994-09-28 | Portals Ltd | A security thread, a film and a method of manufacture of a security thread |
-
2004
- 2004-11-27 DE DE102004057326A patent/DE102004057326A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-11-23 EP EP05025489A patent/EP1662443A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6289141B1 (en) | 1998-01-15 | 2001-09-11 | Morton F. Roseman | Apparatus for authenticating products and authorizing processes using the magnetic properties of a marker |
US6498864B1 (en) | 1999-10-05 | 2002-12-24 | Morton F. Roseman | Apparatus for authenticating products and authorizing processes using the magnetic properties of a marker |
WO2002082475A1 (fr) | 2001-04-03 | 2002-10-17 | Fourwinds Group Inc | Microfils et procede de preparation |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2518737A1 (fr) * | 2011-04-26 | 2012-10-31 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Feuille incluant des fibres et un matériau magnétique linéaire |
US8697263B2 (en) | 2011-04-26 | 2014-04-15 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Sheet with pulp fiber tangled around a magnetic material with spaced coatings |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1662443A3 (fr) | 2006-11-29 |
DE102004057326A1 (de) | 2006-06-01 |
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