EP1658474A1 - Method and device for reading a periodically magnetised scale - Google Patents

Method and device for reading a periodically magnetised scale

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Publication number
EP1658474A1
EP1658474A1 EP04801827A EP04801827A EP1658474A1 EP 1658474 A1 EP1658474 A1 EP 1658474A1 EP 04801827 A EP04801827 A EP 04801827A EP 04801827 A EP04801827 A EP 04801827A EP 1658474 A1 EP1658474 A1 EP 1658474A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensors
scale
circuit
sensor
output signals
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04801827A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Uwe Loreit
Horst Wandres
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siko Dr Ing G Wandres GmbH
Original Assignee
Siko Dr Ing G Wandres GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Siko Dr Ing G Wandres GmbH filed Critical Siko Dr Ing G Wandres GmbH
Publication of EP1658474A1 publication Critical patent/EP1658474A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/244—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
    • G01D5/245—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains using a variable number of pulses in a train
    • G01D5/2451—Incremental encoders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/142—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices
    • G01D5/147—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices influenced by the movement of a third element, the position of Hall device and the source of magnetic field being fixed in respect to each other

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for scanning a periodically magnetized scale by means of a measuring element which can be moved relative to the scale, and a device therefor.
  • Path and angle measuring systems are required in many industrial applications today. Reference is made only by way of example to rotary encoders, as are shown, for example, in DE 199 58 440 A1. They are used to determine the revolutions of shafts on working machines.
  • BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE Position measuring systems primarily relate to linear scales, angle measuring systems primarily to rotary scales.
  • the present invention relates to both options.
  • the change in the magnetic field direction has been determined by simple magnetic field sensors (for example Hall sensors) or length sensors adapted to periodic scales.
  • the sensors have to be adjusted to period lengths in order to provide usable signals. This means that with longer periods, the sensors must also be enlarged, which increases the space requirement and makes the sensors more expensive.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device of the above-mentioned type with which the above-mentioned disadvantages are eliminated and in particular the measurement of longer periods is improved.
  • each of at least two sensors arranged one after the other in the scale direction generates at least one periodic output signal above the scale position and these output signals are linked to one another in a circuit. It is preferred that the number of output signals from the circuit is the same as that from each sensor.
  • the basic idea of the present invention is to link the output signals of the individual sensors to one another in such a way that they, like that Output gradial of a single sensor can be treated. For example, this is done by adding the output signals of the two sensors that are spaced apart from one another, so that only as much output signals are fed to an evaluation unit as are emitted by one sensor each.
  • the sensor arrangement then behaves like a simple sensor for corresponding interpolation electronics. In this way, for example, a sine curve is achieved in a diagram with which the exact position of the measuring element can be determined very precisely.
  • the added signals are averaged before being output.
  • external interference fields are suppressed.
  • the sensors each emit at least two output signals, the phases of which are offset from one another.
  • the operating voltage it is also possible for the operating voltage to be reversed (inverted) by one of the sensors, which improves the display.
  • a device for carrying out the method according to the invention there are at least two sensors spaced apart in the scale direction in a corresponding measuring element. These sensors should be at a distance from each other that is at most as large as a period length. A distance of a quarter or a half of the period length is preferred.
  • the senor itself should have a length in the scale direction that is smaller than a period length of the scale.
  • very inexpensive, small magnetic sensor chips can be used.
  • the sensors can be of the same type, but it is also contemplated to use sensors of different types.
  • the main sensors used are Hall sensors or magnetoresistive sensors.
  • magnetorestistive sensors are particularly suitable, which contain at least one half or full bridge and consist of a material that works according to the anisotropic magnetoresistive effect (AMR).
  • AMR anisotropic magnetoresistive effect
  • GMR giant magnetoresistive effect
  • the output signals from the sensors are combined in a circuit.
  • it can be a direct parallel connection, so that here two corresponding output signals from the two sensors are connected to form an output signal from the circuit.
  • the components of the sensors and the circuit can be arranged on a circuit board, it is also conceivable that they are combined to form a hybrid circuit. figure description
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram representation of a measuring element associated with a scale
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram representation of a further exemplary embodiment of a measuring element assigned to a scale
  • FIG. 3 shows a block diagram representation of the assignment of a measuring element to a scale
  • Figure 4 is a diagram showing a measurement signal from a sensor
  • FIG. 5 shows a diagram with the representation of measurement signals of the sensors according to the invention
  • Figure 6 is a diagram showing measurement signals of the sensors according to the invention after processing.
  • a scale 1 which has a north / south polarization.
  • the respective poles have a period length P.
  • a measuring element 2 is assigned to this scale 1, in which two sensors 3.1 and 3.2 are integrated.
  • Each sensor 3.1 or 3.2 contains four half or full bridges 4 made of electronic components which react to changes in the magnetic field, these being primarily components for Hall sensors or magnetoresistive sensors.
  • From these sensors 3.1 and 3.2 four output signals are fed to a circuit 5 via corresponding lines 6.1 to 6.8.
  • These output signals or the corresponding lines are linked to one another in the circuit 5 in such a way that the circuit 5 in turn outputs 4 output signals 7.1 to 7.4 to an evaluation unit. This is done by a simple direct parallel connection 11.
  • the two sensors 3.1 and 3.2 are apart from each other 8. Each sensor 3.1 or 3.2 also has a length 10.
  • the measuring element 2 is moved in the scale direction A.
  • the two sensors 3.1 and 3.2 are at a distance 8 which corresponds to half the period length P.
  • the above-mentioned at least two sensors 3.1 and 3.2 are used with these large pole lengths P, the output signals of the sensors being linked to one another. This gives the continuous curve.
  • the sensor 3.2 could also be inverted, i.e. its operating voltage is reversed. This then results in the curve shown in dotted lines.
  • the parallel connection 11 results in an averaging of the two signals and thus the desired sinusoidal curve according to FIG. 6
  • This sinusoidal curve enables the position of the measuring element in relation to scale 1 to be determined exactly.
  • the measuring element 2.1 according to FIG. 2 differs from that according to FIG. 1 primarily by the configuration of the circuit 5.1.
  • This is an active circuit 12, in which the individual lines 6 are first brought together after respective resistors 13 and then two adjacent, brought together lines are linked via an electronic component 14. In this case, this results in only two output signals 7.5 and 7.6.
  • the respective signals from sensors 3.1 and 3.2 are averaged by this active circuit.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for reading a periodically magnetised scale (1) by means of a measuring element (2) that can be displaced in relation to the scale. According to said method, each of at least two sensors (3.1, 3.2) which are successively arranged in the direction (A) of the scale produce at least one output signal which is periodical in terms of the position of the scale, and said output signals are combined in a circuit.

Description

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abtasten eines periodisch magnetisierten MassstabesMethod and device for scanning a periodically magnetized scale
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Abtasten eines periodisch magnetisierten Massstabes mittels einem relativ zum Massstab bewegbaren Messelement sowie eine Vorrichtung hierfür.The invention relates to a method for scanning a periodically magnetized scale by means of a measuring element which can be moved relative to the scale, and a device therefor.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Wege- bzw. Winkelmesssysteme werden heute in vielen industriellen Anwendungen benötigt. Nur beispielhaft wird auf Drehgeber verwiesen, wie sie beispielsweise in der DE 199 58 440 A1 dargestellt sind. Mit ihnen werden die Umdrehungen von Wellen von Arbeitsmaschinen ermittelt.Path and angle measuring systems are required in many industrial applications today. Reference is made only by way of example to rotary encoders, as are shown, for example, in DE 199 58 440 A1. They are used to determine the revolutions of shafts on working machines.
BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE Wegmessysteme beziehen sich vor allem auf lineare Massstäbe, Winkelmesssysteme vor allem auf rotative Massstäbe. Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf beide Möglichkeiten.BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE Position measuring systems primarily relate to linear scales, angle measuring systems primarily to rotary scales. The present invention relates to both options.
Bislang wird die Änderung der Magnetfeldrichtung durch einfache Magnetfeldsensoren (beispielsweise Hall-Sensoren) oder an periodische Massstäbe angepasste Längensensoren ermittelt. Vor allem, wenn der Massstab jedoch eine grosse Periodenlänge aufweist, ergeben sich hier Schwierigkeiten bei der Messung, da Magnetfelder bei grossen Periodenlängen nicht sinusförmig verlaufen. Dementsprechend müssen die Sensoren an Periodenlängen angepasst werden, um brauchbare Signale zu liefern. Das heisst, bei grösseren Periodenlängen müssen auch die Sensoren vergrössert werden, was den Platzbedarf erhöht und die Sensoren verteuert.So far, the change in the magnetic field direction has been determined by simple magnetic field sensors (for example Hall sensors) or length sensors adapted to periodic scales. Above all, if the scale has a long period, there are difficulties with the measurement, since magnetic fields do not run sinusoidally with long periods. Accordingly, the sensors have to be adjusted to period lengths in order to provide usable signals. This means that with longer periods, the sensors must also be enlarged, which increases the space requirement and makes the sensors more expensive.
Aufgabetask
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung der oben genannten Art bereit zu stellen, mit welchen die oben genannten Nachteile beseitigt und insbesondere die Messung grösserer Periodenlängen verbessert wird.The object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device of the above-mentioned type with which the above-mentioned disadvantages are eliminated and in particular the measurement of longer periods is improved.
Lösung der AufgabeSolution of the task
Zur Lösung der Aufgabe führt, dass jeder von zumindest zwei in Masstabsrichtung nacheinander angeordneten Sensoren zumindest ein über der Massstabsposition periodisches Ausgangssignal erzeugt und diese Ausgangssignale in einer Schaltung miteinander verknüpft werden. Bevorzugt wird, dass die Anzahl der Ausgangssignale aus der Schaltung die gleiche ist, wie die aus jedem Sensor.To achieve the object, each of at least two sensors arranged one after the other in the scale direction generates at least one periodic output signal above the scale position and these output signals are linked to one another in a circuit. It is preferred that the number of output signals from the circuit is the same as that from each sensor.
Grundgedanke der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, die Ausgangssignale der einzelnen Sensoren so miteinander zu verknüpfen, dass sie wie die Ausgangssigriale eines einzelnen Sensors behandelt werden können. Beispielsweise geschieht dies dadurch, dass die zueinander abstandsmässig passenden Ausgangssignale der beiden Sensoren jeweils aufaddiert werden, so dass nur soviel Ausgangssignale einer Auswerteeinheit zugeführt werden, wie von jeweils einem Sensor abgegeben werden. Für eine entsprechende Interpolationselektronik verhält sich die Sensoranordnung dann wie ein einfacher Sensor. Erzielt wird dadurch beispielsweise in einem Diagramm eine Sinuskurve mit der sehr exakt die genaue Lagebestimmung des Messelementes möglich ist.The basic idea of the present invention is to link the output signals of the individual sensors to one another in such a way that they, like that Output gradial of a single sensor can be treated. For example, this is done by adding the output signals of the two sensors that are spaced apart from one another, so that only as much output signals are fed to an evaluation unit as are emitted by one sensor each. The sensor arrangement then behaves like a simple sensor for corresponding interpolation electronics. In this way, for example, a sine curve is achieved in a diagram with which the exact position of the measuring element can be determined very precisely.
In einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung werden noch die aufaddierten Signale vor der Ausgabe gemittelt. Bei Mittlung über zwei Polen werden äussere Störfelder unterdrückt.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the added signals are averaged before being output. When averaging over two poles, external interference fields are suppressed.
Ferner ist daran gedacht, dass die Sensoren jeweils zumindest zwei Ausgangssignale abgeben, deren Phasen zueinander versetzt sind. Möglich ist aber auch, dass die Betriebsspannung von einem der Sensoren umgedreht (invertiert) wird, wodurch die Darstellung verbessert wird.It is also contemplated that the sensors each emit at least two output signals, the phases of which are offset from one another. However, it is also possible for the operating voltage to be reversed (inverted) by one of the sensors, which improves the display.
Bei einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens befinden sich in einem entsprechenden Messelement zumindest zwei in Massstabsrichtung beabstandete Sensoren. Dabei sollen diese Sensoren einen Abstand voneinander aufweisen, der höchstens so gross wie eine Periodenlänge ist. Bevorzugt wird ein Abstand von einem Viertel oder einer Hälfte der Periodenlänge.In a device for carrying out the method according to the invention there are at least two sensors spaced apart in the scale direction in a corresponding measuring element. These sensors should be at a distance from each other that is at most as large as a period length. A distance of a quarter or a half of the period length is preferred.
Ferner soll der Sensor selbst eine Länge in Massstabsrichtung aufweisen, die kleiner als eine Periodenlänge des Massstabs ist. Hierdurch können sehr kostengünstige, kleine Magnetsensorchips verwendet werden. In einem Ausführungsbeispiel können die Sensoren von gleicher Bauart sein, gedacht ist jedoch auch daran, Sensoren unterschiedlicher Bauart zu verwenden.Furthermore, the sensor itself should have a length in the scale direction that is smaller than a period length of the scale. As a result, very inexpensive, small magnetic sensor chips can be used. In one embodiment, the sensors can be of the same type, but it is also contemplated to use sensors of different types.
Als Sensoren ist vor allem an Hall-Sensoren oder an magnetoresistive Sensoren gedacht. Im letzteren Fall bieten sich vor allem magnetorestistive Sensoren an, die mindestens eine Halb- oder Vollbrücke beeinhalten und aus einem Werkstoff bestehen, welcher nach dem anisotropen magnetoresistiven Effekt (AMR) arbeitet. Denkbar sind auch magnetoresistive Sensoren, welche nach dem giant magnetoresistiven Effekt (GMR) arbeiten.The main sensors used are Hall sensors or magnetoresistive sensors. In the latter case, magnetorestistive sensors are particularly suitable, which contain at least one half or full bridge and consist of a material that works according to the anisotropic magnetoresistive effect (AMR). Magnetoresistive sensors that work according to the giant magnetoresistive effect (GMR) are also conceivable.
Das Zusammenführen der Ausgangssignale der Sensoren geschieht in einer Schaltung. In einem einfachen Ausführungsbeispiel kann es sich um eine direkte Parallelschaltung handeln, so dass hier jeweils zwei sich entsprechende Ausgangssignale der beiden Sensoren zu einem Ausgangssignal aus der Schaltung verbunden werden.The output signals from the sensors are combined in a circuit. In a simple exemplary embodiment, it can be a direct parallel connection, so that here two corresponding output signals from the two sensors are connected to form an output signal from the circuit.
In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel ist daran gedacht, eine aktive Schaltung vorzusehen, bei welcher die Signale der Sensoren noch gemittelt werden. Dies geschieht dadurch, dass jeweils zwei bereits aus zwei Ausgangssignalen der Sensoren zusammengeführte Signal nochmals über ein entsprechendes elektronisches Bauelement zusammengeführt werden.In a further exemplary embodiment, it is contemplated to provide an active circuit in which the signals from the sensors are still averaged. This is done in that two signals which have already been combined from two output signals of the sensors are combined again via a corresponding electronic component.
Die Bauelelemte der Sensoren und der Schaltung können auf einer Leiterplatte angeordnet sein, denkbar ist auch, dass sie zu einer Hybridschaltung zusammengefasst sind. FigurenbeschreibungThe components of the sensors and the circuit can be arranged on a circuit board, it is also conceivable that they are combined to form a hybrid circuit. figure description
Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele sowie anhand der Zeichnung; diese zeigt inFurther advantages, features and details of the invention result from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments and from the drawing; this shows in
Figur 1 eine blockschaltbildliche Darstellung eines einem Massstab zugeordneten Messelementes;Figure 1 is a block diagram representation of a measuring element associated with a scale;
Figur 2 eine blockschaltbildliche Darstellung eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels eines einem Massstab zugeordneten Messelementes;FIG. 2 shows a block diagram representation of a further exemplary embodiment of a measuring element assigned to a scale;
Figur 3 eine blockschaltbildliche Darstellung der Zuordnung eines Messelementes zu einem Massstab;FIG. 3 shows a block diagram representation of the assignment of a measuring element to a scale;
Figur 4 ein Diagramm mit der Darstellung eines Messsignals eines Sensors;Figure 4 is a diagram showing a measurement signal from a sensor;
Figur 5 ein Diagramm mit der Darstellung von Messsignalen der erfindungsgemässen Sensoren;FIG. 5 shows a diagram with the representation of measurement signals of the sensors according to the invention;
Figur 6 ein Diagramm mit der Darstellung von Messsignalen der erfindungsgemässen Sensoren nach Bearbeitung.Figure 6 is a diagram showing measurement signals of the sensors according to the invention after processing.
Gemäss Figur 1 ist ein Massstab 1 gezeigt, der eine Nord/Süd-Polarisierung aufweist. Die jeweiligen Pole haben eine Periodenlänge P.According to FIG. 1, a scale 1 is shown which has a north / south polarization. The respective poles have a period length P.
Diesem Massstab 1 ist ein Messelement 2 zugeordnet, in dem zwei Sensoren 3.1 und 3.2 integriert sind. Jeder Sensor 3.1 bzw.3.2 beeinhaltet vier Halb- oder Vollbrücken 4 aus elektronischen Bauelementen, die auf Magnetfeldänderungen reagieren, wobei es sich vor allem um Bauelemente für Hall-Sensoren oder magnetoresistive Sensoren handelt. Von diesen Sensoren 3.1 bzw. 3.2 werden jeweils vier Ausgangssignale über entsprechende Leitungen 6.1 bis 6.8 einer Schaltung 5 zugeführt. Diese Ausgangssignale bzw. die entsprechenden Leitungen werden in der Schaltung 5 so miteinander verknüpft, dass die Schaltung 5 wiederum 4 Ausgangssignale 7.1 bis 7.4 an eine Auswerteeinheit abgibt. Dies geschieht durch eine einfache direkte Parallelschaltung 11.A measuring element 2 is assigned to this scale 1, in which two sensors 3.1 and 3.2 are integrated. Each sensor 3.1 or 3.2 contains four half or full bridges 4 made of electronic components which react to changes in the magnetic field, these being primarily components for Hall sensors or magnetoresistive sensors. From these sensors 3.1 and 3.2, four output signals are fed to a circuit 5 via corresponding lines 6.1 to 6.8. These output signals or the corresponding lines are linked to one another in the circuit 5 in such a way that the circuit 5 in turn outputs 4 output signals 7.1 to 7.4 to an evaluation unit. This is done by a simple direct parallel connection 11.
Die beiden Sensoren 3.1 und 3.2 weisen im übrigen einen Abstand 8 voneinander auf. Jeder Sensor 3.1 bzw. 3.2 besitzt zudem eine Länge 10.The two sensors 3.1 and 3.2 are apart from each other 8. Each sensor 3.1 or 3.2 also has a length 10.
Die Funktionsweise der vorliegenden Erfindung ist Folgende:The operation of the present invention is as follows:
Gemäss Figur 3 wird das Messelement 2 in Massstabsrichtung A bewegt. Dabei weisen die beiden Sensoren 3.1 und 3.2 ein Abstand 8 auf, welcher der Hälfte der Periodenlänge P entspricht.According to FIG. 3, the measuring element 2 is moved in the scale direction A. The two sensors 3.1 and 3.2 are at a distance 8 which corresponds to half the period length P.
Würde bei grossen Pollängen P nur ein Sensor benutzt, so ergäbe dies ein Diagramm, wie dies in Figur 4 gezeigt ist. Dieses Diagramm hat kein sinusförmigen Verlauf mehr, sondern über weite Strecken einen abgeflachten Verlauf, der es nicht erlaubt, die Position des Sensors im Bereich der Pollänge P exakt zu ermitteln.If only one sensor were used for large pole lengths P, this would result in a diagram as shown in FIG. This diagram no longer has a sinusoidal curve, but rather a flattened curve over long distances, which does not allow the position of the sensor in the region of the pole length P to be determined exactly.
Gemäss der vorliegenden Erfindung werden bei diesen grossen Pollängen P die oben erwähnten zumindest zwei Sensoren 3.1 und 3.2 benutzt wobei die Ausgangssignale der Sensoren miteinander verknüpft werden. Dies ergibt die durchgehende Kurve. Der Sensor 3.2 könnte auch invertiert sein, d.h., seine Betriebsspannung ist umgedreht. Dies ergibt dann die punktiert dargestellte Kurve.According to the present invention, the above-mentioned at least two sensors 3.1 and 3.2 are used with these large pole lengths P, the output signals of the sensors being linked to one another. This gives the continuous curve. The sensor 3.2 could also be inverted, i.e. its operating voltage is reversed. This then results in the curve shown in dotted lines.
Durch die Parallelschaltung 11 ergibt sich eine Mittelwertbildung der beiden Signale und damit die gewünschte sinusförmige Kurve gemäss Figur 6. anhand dieser sinusförmigen Kurve kann die Position des Messeiementes in Bezug auf den Massstab 1 exakt ermittelt werden.The parallel connection 11 results in an averaging of the two signals and thus the desired sinusoidal curve according to FIG. 6 This sinusoidal curve enables the position of the measuring element in relation to scale 1 to be determined exactly.
Das Messelement 2.1 gemäss Figur 2 unterscheidet sich von demjenigen nach Figur 1 vor allem durch die Ausgestaltung der Schaltung 5.1. Es handelt sich dabei um eine aktive Schaltung 12, bei der zuerst die einzelnen Leitungen 6 nach jeweiligen Widerständen 13 zusammengeführt und dann jeweils zwei benachbarte, zusammengeführte Leitungen über ein elektronisches Bauelement 14 verknüpft werden. In diesem Fall ergibt dies nur zwei Ausgangssignale 7.5 und 7.6. Durch diese aktive Schaltung werden die jeweiligen Signale der Sensoren 3.1 und 3.2 gemittelt. The measuring element 2.1 according to FIG. 2 differs from that according to FIG. 1 primarily by the configuration of the circuit 5.1. This is an active circuit 12, in which the individual lines 6 are first brought together after respective resistors 13 and then two adjacent, brought together lines are linked via an electronic component 14. In this case, this results in only two output signals 7.5 and 7.6. The respective signals from sensors 3.1 and 3.2 are averaged by this active circuit.
PositionszahlenlistePosition Number List

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zum Abtasten eines periodisch magnetisierten Massstabes (1) mittels einem relativ zum Massstab bewegbaren Messelement (2), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder von zumindest zwei in Massstabrichtung (A) nacheinander angeordneten Sensoren (3.1 , 3.2) zumindest ein über der Massstabsposition periodisches Ausgangssignal erzeugt und diese Ausgangssignale in einer Schaltung miteinander verknüpft werden.1. A method for scanning a periodically magnetized scale (1) by means of a measuring element (2) movable relative to the scale, characterized in that each of at least two sensors (3.1, 3.2) arranged one after the other in the scale direction (A) has at least one periodic over the scale position Output signal generated and these output signals are linked together in a circuit.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anzahl der Ausgangssignale aus der Schaltung (5) die gleiche ist, wie die jedes Sensors (3.1, 3.2).2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of output signals from the circuit (5) is the same as that of each sensor (3.1, 3.2).
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ausgangsignale von beiden Sensoren (3.1, 3. 2) in der Schaltung (5) aufaddiert und das Resultat als Ausgangssignal aus der Schaltung (5) ausgegeben wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the output signals from both sensors (3.1, 3. 2) are added in the circuit (5) and the result is output as an output signal from the circuit (5).
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die aufaddierten Signale vor der Ausgabe gemittelt werden.4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the added signals are averaged before output.
5. Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sensoren (3.1, 3.2) jeweils zumindest zwei Ausgangssignale abgeben, deren Phasen zueinander versetzt sind. 5. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sensors (3.1, 3.2) each emit at least two output signals whose phases are offset from one another.
6. Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Betriebsspannung, von einem der Sensoren (3.2) umgedreht (invertiert) wird.6. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the operating voltage is reversed (inverted) by one of the sensors (3.2).
7. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Messelement (2) zumindest zwei in Massstabsrichtung (A) beabstandete Sensoren (3.1 , 3.2) aufweist.7. Device for performing the method according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the measuring element (2) has at least two sensors (3.1, 3.2) spaced apart in the scale direction (A).
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Periodenlänge (P) des Massstabs (2) mindestens so gross wie der Abstand (8) der Sensoren (3.1, 3.2) ist.8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that a period length (P) of the scale (2) is at least as large as the distance (8) of the sensors (3.1, 3.2).
9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abstand (8) der Sensoren (3.1, 3.2) ein Viertel der Periodenlänge (P) des Massstabs ( 1 ) beträgt.9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the distance (8) of the sensors (3.1, 3.2) is a quarter of the period length (P) of the scale (1).
10.Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abstand (8) der Sensoren (3.1, 3.2) die Hälfte der Periodenlänge (P) des Massstabes (1) beträgt.10.The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the distance (8) of the sensors (3.1, 3.2) is half the period length (P) of the scale (1).
11.Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Länge (10) des Sensors (3.1, 3.2) in Massstabrichtung (A) kleiner als eine Periodenlänge (P) des Massstabs ist.11.The device according to at least one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that a length (10) of the sensor (3.1, 3.2) in the scale direction (A) is less than a period length (P) of the scale.
12. Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sensoren (3.1, 3.2) gleicher Bauart sind.12. The device according to at least one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the sensors (3.1, 3.2) are of the same type.
13. Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest ein Sensor ein Hall- Sensor ist. 13. The device according to at least one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that at least one sensor is a Hall sensor.
14. Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest ein Sensor ein magnetoresistiver Sensor ist.14. The device according to at least one of claims 7 to 13, characterized in that at least one sensor is a magnetoresistive sensor.
15. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der magnetoresistive Sensor mindestens eine Halb- oder Vollbrücke (4) beeinhaltet, die aus Werkstoffen besteht, welche nach dem anisotropen magnetoresistiver Effekt (AMR) arbeitet.15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the magnetoresistive sensor contains at least one half or full bridge (4) which consists of materials which works according to the anisotropic magnetoresistive effect (AMR).
16. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, das der magnetoresistive Sensor zumindest ein Hall- Sensor ist, welcher nach dem giant magnetoresistiven Effekt (GMR) arbeitet.16. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the magnetoresistive sensor is at least one Hall sensor which works according to the giant magnetoresistive effect (GMR).
17. Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sensoren mit einer Schaltung (5) verbunden sind, die eine einfache direkte Parallelschaltung (11) der jeweiligen Ausgangssignale der Sensoren bewirkt.17. The device according to at least one of claims 7 to 16, characterized in that the sensors are connected to a circuit (5) which causes a simple direct parallel connection (11) of the respective output signals of the sensors.
18. Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schaltung (5.1) eine aktive Schaltung (12) ist, welche die jeweiligen Signale der Sensoren mittelt.18. The device according to at least one of claims 7 to 16, characterized in that the circuit (5.1) is an active circuit (12) which averages the respective signals of the sensors.
19. Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sensoren (3.1, 3.2) und die Schaltung (5, 5.1) auf einer Leiterplatte angeordnet sind.19. The device according to at least one of claims 7 to 18, characterized in that the sensors (3.1, 3.2) and the circuit (5, 5.1) are arranged on a circuit board.
20. Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sensoren und die Schaltung zu einer Hybridschaltung zusammengefasst sind. 20. The device according to at least one of claims 7 to 18, characterized in that the sensors and the circuit are combined to form a hybrid circuit.
EP04801827A 2003-08-05 2004-07-27 Method and device for reading a periodically magnetised scale Withdrawn EP1658474A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2003136558 DE10336558A1 (en) 2003-08-05 2003-08-05 Method and apparatus for sampling a periodically magnetized scale
PCT/EP2004/008386 WO2005017460A1 (en) 2003-08-05 2004-07-27 Method and device for reading a periodically magnetised scale

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JP4286739B2 (en) * 2004-07-14 2009-07-01 三菱電機株式会社 Magnetic detector

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DE3870879D1 (en) * 1988-10-13 1992-06-11 Siemens Ag ARRANGEMENT FOR CONTACT-FREE DETECTION OF THE SPEED OF A ROTATING GEAR.
DE9212158U1 (en) * 1992-09-09 1993-10-07 Siemens Ag Arrangement for detecting the throttle valve position in an internal combustion engine with Hall elements
DE19909890A1 (en) * 1999-03-06 2000-09-07 Inst Mikrostrukturtechnologie Measuring system for incremental expansion and angle measurement; forms cycle of output signal of sensor that is whole number fraction of cycle duration of signal of sensor elements
FR2792403B1 (en) * 1999-04-14 2001-05-25 Roulements Soc Nouvelle POSITION AND / OR DISPLACEMENT SENSOR COMPRISING A PLURALITY OF ALIGNED SENSITIVE ELEMENTS

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