EP1654785B1 - Commutator - Google Patents
Commutator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1654785B1 EP1654785B1 EP04762594.2A EP04762594A EP1654785B1 EP 1654785 B1 EP1654785 B1 EP 1654785B1 EP 04762594 A EP04762594 A EP 04762594A EP 1654785 B1 EP1654785 B1 EP 1654785B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- commutator
- undercuts
- axial
- transverse
- profile
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 20
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- ONBQEOIKXPHGMB-VBSBHUPXSA-N 1-[2-[(2s,3r,4s,5r)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,6-dihydroxyphenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1C(=O)CCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ONBQEOIKXPHGMB-VBSBHUPXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940126142 compound 16 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
- H01R43/06—Manufacture of commutators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/04—Commutators
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
Description
Aus der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift
Aus der deutschen Gebrauchsmusterhilfsanmeldung
Beide bisher bekannten Kommutatoren sind jedoch nur für relativ geringe Drehzahlen, geeignet, da einerseits die Masse einer jeden einzelnen Lamelle relativ hoch ist und andererseits die jeweils offenbarten Formschlussverbindungen nur geringe Kräfte aufnehmen können.However, both previously known commutators are suitable only for relatively low speeds, since on the one hand the mass of each lamella is relatively high and on the other hand, each disclosed form-fitting connections can absorb only small forces.
Aus der französischen Offenlegungsschrift
Der erfindungsgemäße Kommutator mit den Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat den Vorteil, dass durch unterschiedliche radiale Höhen zweier benachbarter Querhinterschnitte zweier Hohlprofile, deren Höhen zu einem Wicklungsanschluss hin abnehmen, im Bereich zwischen aufliegender Bürste und Wicklungsanschluss ein Querhinterschnitt angeordnet werden kann. Dies ermöglicht die Strombelastbarkeit einer Lamelle insgesamt weiterhin sehr hoch zu halten und dennoch eine sehr gute Schleuderfestigkeit zu erreichen.The commutator according to the invention with the features of the main claim has the advantage that can be arranged by different radial heights of two adjacent transverse intersections of two hollow sections whose heights decrease towards a winding connection, in the area between the brush resting and winding connection a transverse intersection. This allows the overall current carrying capacity of a lamella to continue to be very high overall and nevertheless to achieve a very good centrifugal strength.
Aus der Kombination dieser beiden unterschiedlichen Formschlussverbindungen ergibt sich insgesamt eine deutlich verbesserte Schleuderfestigkeit des Kommutators, da einerseits höhere Zentripetalkräfte kompensiert werden können und andererseits sich durch diese zusätzliche Ausnehmung der Querhinterschnitte die Masse einer jeden einzelnen Lamelle verringert. Als weiterer wesentlicher Effekt bei der Gestaltung des hier vorgeschlagenen Kommutators ergibt sich eine deutlich verbesserte fluiddynamische Gestaltung der radialen Innenseite des Kommutators. Die fluiddynamische Gestaltung ist insofern von Bedeutung, als dass die im Kommutator ausgehärtete Masse zuvor in einem Formwerkzeug in den radialen Innenraum des Kommutators eingepresst wird und sich bei der erfindungsgemäßen Gestaltung des Kommutators eine deutlich bessere Füllung durch diese aushärtbare Masse radial innerhalb des Kommutators ergibt. Durch diese verbesserte Füllung ergeben sich insgesamt größere tragende Querschnitte zwischen der ausgehärteten Masse und den Lamellen und somit eine nochmals gesteigerte Schleuderfestigkeit des Kommutators. Mit diesem Kommutator sind gegenüber den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Kommutatoren um bis zu 25% höhere Drehzahlen möglich.The combination of these two different form-fitting connections results in a significantly improved overall centrifugal strength of the commutator since, on the one hand, higher centripetal forces can be compensated and, on the other hand, the mass of each individual lamella is reduced by this additional recess of the transverse intersections. Another significant effect in the design of the commutator proposed here is a significantly improved fluid-dynamic design of the radial inner side of the commutator. The fluid-dynamic design is important insofar as that the mass hardened in the commutator is previously pressed into the radial interior of the commutator in a mold and results in the design of the commutator according to the invention a much better filling by this hardenable mass radially inside the commutator. As a result of this improved filling, the overall load-bearing cross-sections between the hardened mass and the lamellae and thus a further increased centrifugal strength of the commutator result. With this commutator up to 25% higher speeds are possible compared to the commutators known from the prior art.
Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des Kommutators nach dem Hauptanspruch möglich. Befindet sich der zumindest eine weitere Querhinterschnitt bezogen auf die Achsiale Erstreckung der Lamelle im Wesentlichen in einer ersten Hälfte des Kommutators bzw. einer Lamelle, so ist der Strompfad von der nach radial außen gerichteten Oberfläche des Kommutators zu einem Wicklungsanschluss an die Lamelle hin praktisch nicht geschwächt. So ergibt sich trotz Verringerung des Kupferanteils der Lamelle eine sehr gute Strombelastbarkeit, da der Widerstand innerhalb der Lamelle praktisch nicht oder nur unwesentlich geschwächt wird. Der Widerstand einer jeden einzelnen Lamelle bleibt nahezu konstant, die Wärmeentwicklung wird nicht erhöht. Eine bezüglich der eben erwähnten Effekte weitere Verbesserung ergibt sich dann, wenn der zumindest eine weitere Querhinterschnitt bezogen auf die axiale Erstreckung der Lamelle im Wesentlichen in einem ersten Drittel der Lamelle angeordnet ist.The measures listed in the dependent claims advantageous refinements of the commutator according to the main claim are possible. If the at least one further transverse intersection, relative to the axial extension of the lamella, is located substantially in a first half of the commutator or a lamella, then the current path is practically not weakened from the radially outwardly directed surface of the commutator to a winding connection to the lamella , Thus, despite a reduction in the copper content of the lamella, the current carrying capacity is very good, since the resistance within the lamella is practically not weakened or only insignificantly weakened. The resistance of each individual lamella remains almost constant, the heat development is not increased. A respect to the same mentioned effects further improvement results when the at least one further transverse intersection with respect to the axial extent of the lamella is arranged substantially in a first third of the lamella.
Um eine gute Kraftübertragung zwischen Lamelle und ausgehärteter Masse bzw. Pressmasse zu erhalten ist vorgesehen, dass zwei Querhinterschnitte zusammen eine Schwalbenschwanzform aufweisen.In order to obtain a good force transmission between the blade and the hardened mass or molding compound, it is provided that two transverse intersections together have a dovetail shape.
Eine weiter verbesserte fluiddynamische Gestaltung wird dann erreicht, wenn einerseits zwei eine Schwalbenschwanzform bildende Querhinterschnitte ein gemeinsames Hohlprofil bilden, das sich über eine Länge von maximal 40% einer Lamellenlänge erstreckt.A further improved fluid-dynamic design is achieved when, on the one hand, two dovetail-form transverse cross-sections form a common hollow profile which extends over a maximum length of 40% of a slat length.
Nach einer weiteren Ausbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Lamellen zumindest an einer axialen Seite eine Stirnfläche aufweisen, die von einer in Umfangsrichtung orientierten Nut unterbrochen ist. Durch diese Nut ist es zusätzlich möglich, die Stirnfläche einer Lamelle über die Nut in der bereits erwähnten Pressmasse zu lagern und somit auch an den Außenseiten der Lamellen eine Stützwirkung zu erhalten.According to a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the lamellae have at least on one axial side an end face which is interrupted by a groove oriented in the circumferential direction. Through this groove, it is also possible to store the end face of a blade on the groove in the already mentioned molding compound and thus to obtain a supporting effect on the outer sides of the slats.
In den Zeichnungen sind Ausfuhrungsbeispiele eines erfindungsgemäßen Kommutators dargestellt. Es zeigen
- Figur 1
- in schematischer Darstellung eine räumliche Ansicht eines Kommutators,
- Figur 2
- eine räumliche Darstellung einer einzelnen Lamelle,
- Figur 3
- eine Seitenansicht der Lamelle aus
Figur 2 , - Figur 4
- ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Lamelle,
- Figur 5 bis Figur 7
- drei weiteren Beispiele von Lamellen bzw. deren Profil in schematischer wobei
Figur 6 eine Lamelle gemäss der Erfindung offenbart.
- FIG. 1
- a schematic view of a spatial view of a commutator,
- FIG. 2
- a spatial representation of a single lamella,
- FIG. 3
- a side view of the slat
FIG. 2 . - FIG. 4
- an embodiment of a blade,
- FIG. 5 to FIG. 7
- three further examples of slats or their profile in schematic
FIG. 6 discloses a blade according to the invention.
In
Gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel nach
In
Das Beispiel aus
Wie beispielsweise in
Das Herstellungsverfahren für diesen Kommutator 10 lässt sich wie folgt beschreiben:
- Zunächst wird ein Kupferband mittels eines Gießverfahrens hergestellt. Dieses Kupferband hat ein L-förmiges Profil und weist bereits die
Querhinterschnitte 35 auf. Mittels verschiedener Prägeprozesse wird zunächst die Form der Einzellamellen vorgeprägt und die Axialhinterschnitte 32 an denUmfangsseiten der Lamellen 13 eingeformt. Anschließend wird nach einer erforderlichenAnzahl von Lamellen 13, beispielsweise sind dies 23 oder 28 Lamellen, das Kupferprofil durch einen Stanzvorgang abgelängt. Daran anschließend wird der so erhaltene Streifen in eine Ringform gerollt und in ein Presswerkzeug eingesetzt. Anschließend wird im Presswerkzeug der ringförmige Lamellenstrang mit der plastischen Masse 16 gefüllt und zum Kommutator 10 hin gepresst. Mit der zusätzlichen vorgesehenen Nutverkrallung bzw.den Querhinterschnitten 35 hat jede einzelne Lamelle 13 eine zusätzliche Verstärkung des Formschlusses zur Pressmasse 16, die den Fliehkräften entgegensteht. Durch eine mögliche Abstufung der Nuttiefen hr1, hr2, hr3, ... können störende Einflüsse, beispielsweise Temperaturstau oder zu große Leitungswiderstände, vermieden werden.
Such as in
The manufacturing process for this
- First, a copper strip is produced by a casting process. This copper strip has an L-shaped profile and already has the transverse
rear sections 35. By means of various embossing processes, first the shape of the individual lamellae is pre-embossed and theaxial intercepts 32 are formed on the peripheral sides of thelamellae 13. Subsequently, after a required number offins 13, for example, these are 23 or 28 fins, the copper profile cut to length by a punching operation. Subsequently, the strip thus obtained is rolled into a ring mold and inserted into a pressing tool. Subsequently, in the pressing tool, the annular lamellar strand is filled with theplastic mass 16 and pressed toward thecommutator 10. With the additional provided Nutverkrallung ortransverse cross-sections 35 eachslat 13 has an additional reinforcement of the positive connection to themolding compound 16, which precludes the centrifugal forces. By a possible gradation of the groove depth h r1 , h r2 , h r3 , ... disturbing influences, such as temperature congestion or excessive line resistance can be avoided.
Claims (6)
- Commutator for supplying power to the rotors of electrical machines, having laminations (13) which are arranged over the circumference of the commutator (10), wherein each lamination (13) is securely embedded in a hardened compound (16) by means of an interlocking connection which has axial undercuts (32), and the axial undercuts (32) extend in a profile-like manner in the axial direction of the commutator (10), wherein a plurality of transverse undercuts (35) of a plurality of hollow profiles (40) extend in a profile-like manner transversely to the axial direction of the commutator (10), and the axial undercuts (32) are interrupted by the further transverse undercuts (35), characterized in that two adjacent transverse undercuts (35) of two hollow profiles (40) have different radial heights (hr1, hr2, hr3) and the heights of the transverse undercuts (35) decrease in the direction of a winding connection (27).
- Commutator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the transverse undercuts (35) are arranged substantially in a first half with respect to the axial extent of the lamination (13).
- Commutator according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that two transverse undercuts (35) together have a dovetail shape.
- Commutator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two transverse undercuts (35), which form a dovetail shape, form a common hollow profile (40) which extends over a length of at most 40% of a lamination length.
- Commutator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the laminations (13) have, at least on an axial side, an end face which is interrupted by a slot (45) which is oriented in the circumferential direction.
- Electrical machine comprising a commutator according to one of the preceding claims.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2003135894 DE10335894A1 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2003-08-05 | commutator |
PCT/DE2004/001749 WO2005015695A1 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2004-08-04 | Commutator |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1654785A1 EP1654785A1 (en) | 2006-05-10 |
EP1654785B1 true EP1654785B1 (en) | 2016-05-25 |
Family
ID=34129490
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04762594.2A Active EP1654785B1 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2004-08-04 | Commutator |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1654785B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100544135C (en) |
DE (1) | DE10335894A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005015695A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008002608A1 (en) | 2008-06-24 | 2009-12-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Commutator for power supply of rotor of electrical machine of starter, has lamellas designed with longitudinal profile, such that current density is constant in cross section at axial longitudinal section in contact area with brush |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE29802497U1 (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 1998-05-20 | Kolektor D O O | commutator |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH263766A (en) * | 1948-01-21 | 1949-09-15 | Ag Scintilla | Process for the production of commutators. |
CH361332A (en) * | 1955-09-28 | 1962-04-15 | Siemens Ag | Process for the production of current transmitter insulation |
FR2532789A1 (en) | 1982-09-07 | 1984-03-09 | Cheveux Yves | Commutator for a rotating electrical machine, and its method of manufacture. |
-
2003
- 2003-08-05 DE DE2003135894 patent/DE10335894A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-08-04 EP EP04762594.2A patent/EP1654785B1/en active Active
- 2004-08-04 WO PCT/DE2004/001749 patent/WO2005015695A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-08-04 CN CNB2004800224064A patent/CN100544135C/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE29802497U1 (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 1998-05-20 | Kolektor D O O | commutator |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN100544135C (en) | 2009-09-23 |
WO2005015695A1 (en) | 2005-02-17 |
CN1833342A (en) | 2006-09-13 |
DE10335894A1 (en) | 2005-03-10 |
EP1654785A1 (en) | 2006-05-10 |
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